TWI667634B - Early fire warning system for detection of air suspended particulate values - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an early fire warning system for detecting the value of airborne particles, which is mainly composed of a sensing module, a micro control module and a display device. The overall structure is quite simple, and the suspension is detected through the sensing module. The rising curvature of the particle concentration value is compared, and a warning message is issued to notify the user in the environmental area when the suspended particle is abnormal, so that the user in the environmental area can quickly find the fire position, and the disaster prevention function such as the initial fire extinguishing can be quickly completed. In addition, the present invention replaces the manual adjustment by the setting of the digital adjustment threshold of the cloud processing unit, so that the user can adjust the appropriate local conditions according to the requirements of different environments, effectively reducing the labor cost, improving the operation efficiency, and reducing the fire. The number of occurrences and the purpose of protecting life and property.

Description

Early fire warning system for detecting airborne particulate values

The invention relates to a fire sensing system, in particular to an early fire early warning system for detecting airborne particulate values.

According to the fire investigation report, most of the deaths from residential fires were caused by inhaling smoke instead of being burned by an open flame. And about two-thirds of fire deaths occur when people sleep at night. Due to the complexity and large-scale modern building, in the face of fire, if the correct warning can be issued in the shortest time, and fire fighting and evacuation operations can be carried out, the disaster situation can be reduced. The development of the fire is divided into four different stages: brewing (before burning), visible smoke, flame generation and high heat. It is very important that the fire will change from smoldering to igniting and generating high heat. There are two possible situations during this time: First, the situation continues to deteriorate, and then an open flame is initiated, or action is taken to find out the source of the fire and stop the fire. In the early stage of the fire, it has a slow development and significant smoke characteristics in the stage of not developing into an open flame. Therefore, it provides more time and opportunity to detect and control the fire in the early stage of the fire smoldering stage.

The fire alarm system is the outpost of the entire active fire prevention system (detection, fire suppression and evacuation guidance), and the detection of fire behavior can be based on the physical and chemical reaction generated at different stages of the fire occurrence and growth process. Elements that should accompany, such as: invisible smoke (thermal release particles), visible smoke, flame, heat, etc., so the choice of different detection techniques must consider the characteristics and needs of the protected space. Fire-fighting equipment bears an important mission of human life and property safety. Its most important function is to rely on accurate sensors to detect messages as early as possible in the event of a fire. The discovery and notification of fire conditions at the initial stage and initial firefighting operations are the most important stages in the maintenance of life and property.

According to the scholar FWVAN LUIK research, when the material is heated beyond the critical point (also known as Thermal Particulate Point) that its material can withstand, it will lead to the destruction of chemical bonds, causing the material to decompose and crack, thus releasing the number per second. With billions of invisible submicron particles (about 0.002 μm ), the number of particles per unit volume can exceed 500,000 particles per cubic centimeter in a short time. When the substance continues to be heated to reach the ignition point, it begins to transform to produce carbon particles (so-called visible smoke), and the particle size of the particles gradually becomes larger and begins to burn. The phase between the decomposition of the material and the beginning of the smoke is called the “very early fire” phase.

Because the material first encounters the heat source and thermally decomposes the pyrophoric particles, and then produces visible smoke, and then produces flame and high temperature, the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) NFPA76 defines "very early warning fire detection system" The explanation for the phenomenon of low-energy fires can be represented by "invisible pyrophoric particles" and "smoke".

Due to the early stage of the fire, the smoke particles and the particle size are small. Although there are two types of smoke detectors, photoelectric and ionic, the traditional method of passive pumping, passively waiting for the diffusion of the generated particles to reach the detector body. And must have enough kinetic energy to enter the detection chamber to reach a certain concentration to detect and issue an alarm. However, at this time, the smoke is usually detected after the fire has already occurred and the open flame is unmanageable. At this time, significant personnel have been caused. Casualties and property damage are no longer able to achieve early detection.

In addition, the traditional smoke detectors use the "ON/OFF" two-stage design instead of the "Multiple Alarm Thresholds", which are all placed under the ceiling for gas flow or airflow in the protected area. Unreachable space (such as high roof or high ceiling), the reaction time and sensitivity is even worse, basically this traditional smoke detector can only detect a large amount of high temperature caused by smoke or flame, but not in the fire Anomalies were detected in the early stages, and the sensitivity was manually set in advance, not adjustable and multi-stage settings. In addition, if the receiver is only aware of the area where the fire alarm occurred, it cannot accurately locate the location of the fire. It does not have the addressing capability and cannot meet the requirements of the intelligent disaster prevention system.

At present, the Very Early Smoke Detection Apparatus (VESDA) is a product developed for the shortcomings of the traditional fire alarm system. It is a high-sensitivity and active "Aspiration Smoke Detector" system. System (referred to as ASD system), which belongs to the "Air Sampling Type Detector", has been widely used in high-tech factories or some special space. The detection principle is based on the internal host. The air pump pumpes the air sample back into the host through the extension of multiple sampling lines for analysis and comparison. Like the human sense of smell, when the concentration of smoke in the air reaches a certain level, the system will immediately issue an alarm if it can be fired. Instant generation of alarm signals during the brewing phase will provide more time to control the development of the fire. Furthermore, its very early detection function can issue alarms in stages. Through high-tech early-stage fire detection technology, the first opportunity to grasp the situation, the correct information notification, and the notification system can provide fast alarm capability, correct and rapid evacuation guidance, and protection of life and property.

Referring to FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B, the very early fire warning system (VESDA) is mainly composed of an air sampling pipeline transmission device, an air distribution valve, an air filter, an air pump, a photodetection unit, and an alarm controller. But the early fire warning system (VESDA) system configuration to achieve the best early For the early warning mechanism, the air sampling pipeline must be considered in many ways: (1) the layout and size of the site, (2) the airflow in the protected area, (3) the surrounding environmental conditions in the site, and (4) the site structure (beams, columns) (5) Pipeline barriers, (5) Complex construction factors such as the impact of the external environment in the protection zone, due to complex site investigations and high construction thresholds: First, lack of technical design and construction personnel, Second, the system setup cost is too high. At present, it can only be installed in special demand places such as telecom main equipment room, semiconductor factory, clean room, power plant, high-voltage equipment area, long tunnel, museum or confidential archive room. General places or institutions, such as hotels, hospitals, airports, restaurants, schools, entertainment venues, shopping venues, stadiums, department stores, and even the environment of the home.

Referring to FIG. 1C, the fire sensor 1 is an element that can convert a chemical quantity, a biomass, a physical quantity, and the like into an electrical signal. The fire sensor 1 can output various signals such as voltage, current, frequency, pulse, etc., and meet the requirements of information transmission, processing, recording, display and control. The fire sensor 1 detects the basis: (1) The fire is usually accompanied by smoke, flare, high temperature and gas generated after combustion, so these are usually used to measure and judge the fire. (2) In the early stage of the fire, it is in a state of burning, usually the temperature is not high, but accompanied by a large amount of smoke, the inductive sensor uses this feature to detect the fire. (3) In the middle and late stages of the fire, with the high temperature and the fire, the flame sensor and the temperature sensor are used to make the fire alarm. (4) Preventing from the cause and medium of fire, such as gas and natural gas, which may cause fires to detect and further prevent fires.

The common fire sensor 1 is divided into: a gas sensor, or a smoke sensor.

The gas sensor is a sophisticated electronic instrument composed of a main component such as a power supply component, a main circuit board, an inductive head, and a casing. The gas sensor has the advantages of being lightweight and flexible to be worn on the body, and does not hinder the disaster relief operation. The disaster relief personnel wear equipment such as a fire hat and an air breathing apparatus, and the ear is not covered. Therefore, when the sensor sounds an alarm, the disaster relief personnel should be able to hear clearly, and at the same time have a vibration device. However, the gas sensor has the following drawbacks when used: First, the environment such as high heat and high dust easily affects sensor monitoring. Usually it is suitable for temperatures between -20 and +60 degrees Celsius. It is not suitable for use in fires and will be damaged due to high temperature. Therefore, the equipment is suitable for the environment where there is no open flame, or the monitoring of toxic gas leakage is more extensive. In addition, dust particles can block the sensor head, so it is not suitable for use in dusty environments. Second, the life of the sensor head is about 1 to 2 years. If the storage environment is poor, the life of the sensor head will be shorter. Therefore, the sensor head will continue to age and decline under natural conditions. If there is damage or can not be corrected, the sensor head must be replaced and listed as consumables, and replaced regularly to ensure the safety of first-line disaster relief personnel. Third, after long-term use of the gas sensor, due to the aging of the sensor head or the body, the presence or leakage of abnormal gas cannot be properly monitored. Therefore, the sensor needs to be calibrated once or twice a year to ensure that the device maintains normal functions. Fourth, the memory effect of the nickel-cadmium rechargeable battery is particularly serious, and it must be used up at a time, otherwise it must be completely discharged.

Wherein, the smoke sensor, such as photoelectric type, or air sampling, etc., is a basis for judging the physical characteristics derived from the increase of soot particles, wherein if the photoelectric source utilizes the emission source, if there are soot particles in the air, It will scatter light to cause a change in light, thereby detecting the occurrence of fire. However, the sensor thus arranged may cause misjudgment when the light source is blocked or there is no light source, and may be covered by the object. The light source generates an erroneous alarm and initiates an alarm. In addition, there is smoke but the smoke is not so thick that the light sensing does not have a complete mask, and it is impossible to give an alarm. Moreover, due to the limitation of the light source emission, the detection range is bound to have limitations, and the sensing effect on a large space is also It is quite limited. Therefore, if the smoke sensor is placed under normal time, there will be a false alarm, and the accuracy and stability of the smoke detection will be lacking. Another air sampling type sensing is to use the sense of analysis and judgment. The air in the measurement space is sampled, and the obtained air component analysis determines the occurrence of the fire. The sensors used in air sampling are inherently expensive, and in order to sample the air, they must be connected by a tube to facilitate sensing (eg, VESDA systems).

At present, the setting of the fire critical point of the fire sensor 1 is manually adjusted, and the factory tester can adjust the threshold of the sensor to meet the fire detection standards of various countries through the external adjustment knob of the sensor. The warning point, in which the external adjustment button is used to change the variable resistance inside the sensor through the external rotation button. However, the current manual adjustment of the warning point is somewhat missing, such as the tester's reaction is different or the mood is uncertain, making each manufacturing The sensor warning points are different.

In addition, the fire sensor 1 described above is designed to be fixed and non-changeable, such as the number of input keys (keys), the number and display mode of the light-emitting diodes, the buzzing mode of the buzzer, and the firmware setting. And sensitivity adjustments cannot be changed or modified by wireless transmission. Therefore, if the user wants to increase or increase the display mode of the original alarm, he must send a live re-programming program or manually adjust the sensor itself (such as a dip switch), so the fire sensor 1 must put more work time. And increase the cost. In addition, due to the customary result of the customization of the fire sensor 1, a warning sound is issued once the smoke exceeds the normal standard due to construction or misjudgment. In some public areas, even with the water spray device, when the fire sensor 1 accidentally touches the interior, the interior decoration is destroyed, resulting in liability and compensation in the future.

Based on the above traditional smoke detectors, there are: (1) early fire warning function, (2) sensitivity cannot be adjusted and the system does not have multi-stage notification, and the very early fire warning system (VESDA) has: (1) lack of technical design The construction personnel, (2) the system installation cost is too high and so on. The innovation of the invention is the first to propose an "early fire early warning system for detecting airborne particulate values", which has: initial fire smoke monitoring, sensitivity system adjustment, multi-stage notification, With the advantages of fire location, intelligent disaster prevention, simple construction and low equipment cost, the design principle is as follows.

In recent years, because of the impact of suspended particulates PM2.5 on the health of Chinese people, the public has a direct impact on the health of the environment around the daily life. People have a strong demand for daily air quality information. In response to the public's emphasis on indoor air quality and the "Indoor Air Quality Management Act" announced by the EPD on November 23, 101, nine indoor air quality standards are as follows: Carbon dioxide (CO2) is 1000 ppm (eight hour average) , carbon monoxide (CO) is 9ppm (eight hour average), formaldehyde (HCHO) is 0.08ppm (one hour average), total volatile organic compounds (TVOC, including: sum of twelve volatile organic compounds) is 0.56ppm (one average hours), bacteria 1500CFU / m ³ (cfu / m ^) (maximum value), the fungus is 1000CFU / m ³ (cfu / m ^) (maximum value) (the concentration of indoor fungal ratio but less than or equal 1.3 are excepted), of PM10 of 75 μ g / m ³ (twenty-four hours on average), of PM2.5 of 35 μ g / m ³ (twenty-four hours on average), ozone (O3) is 0.06ppm (eight Hourly average).

Floating particles in the air like dust particles (Particulate Matter, PM), PM particle size is different, less than or equal to 2.5 microns ( μ m) of suspended particles, known as fine aerosols (PM2. 5), the unit (μ g / m ³⁾ of expressed in micrograms / cubic meter, which is less than the diameter of human hair thickness of 1/28, there are other common aerosols PM1 and PM10. The source of suspended particles can be divided into primary and derivative, although it may be produced by nature or artificially. Generally, the PM value is used to observe the change of indoor air quality. Under normal circumstances, the change of PM concentration per unit time The rate does not change drastically, unless there is an unnatural or abnormal smoke that suddenly occurs, such as in the early stages of a fire that has not yet developed into an open flame and has a slow development with significant smog. This sudden concentration of smoke will cause PM. The value increases sharply in a short period of time. The present invention applies this principle to detect early fire warnings, and can reach the air state value (including the suspended particles PM1, PM2.5, and PM10 values) in a normal state, and once a fire abnormal state occurs. It can also be used for multi-functional integration of early fire warning systems.

Therefore, it is necessary to provide a novel and progressive early fire warning system for detecting airborne particulate values to solve the above problems and minimize fire damage.

In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides an early fire warning system for detecting the value of airborne particles, the main purpose of which is to compare the rising curvature of suspended particles in the environment, thereby judging whether or not there is a fire, and avoiding The effect of smoke obstruction or poor diffusion conditions greatly enhances the safety of warnings and avoids them early. In addition, the setting of the threshold value for automation, networking and digital adjustment can effectively save manpower and improve operational efficiency.

To achieve the foregoing objective, the present invention is an early fire warning system for detecting airborne particulate values, which is applicable to a wireless network and is installed in at least one environmental region. The early fire early warning system for detecting airborne particulate values includes: The sensing module includes at least one suspended particle sensor, wherein the at least one suspended particle sensor senses the suspended particles of the at least one environmental region to obtain a suspended particle sensing concentration value, and outputs the same; The module is connected to the sensing module and receives the sensing concentration value of the aerosol, and has a comparison value. The micro control module is configured to compare the suspended particle sensing concentration value with the comparison value. When the suspended particle sensing concentration value is greater than the comparison value, generating at least one warning signal, when the suspended particle sensing concentration value is less than the comparison value, generating a normal signal; and a display device for Receiving the warning signal and the normal signal to generate a corresponding message.

Preferably, the micro control module wherein the at least one warning signal can be set in three levels of communications, when detecting the concentration of particles increases the speed of the air suspension for more than 30 micrograms per minute / cubic meter (μ g / m ³⁾ or more when the setting signal for the first phase of the smoke alarm abnormal; thick smoke when the air is not decreased and aerosol concentrations continued to increase more than 250 g / m ^ (μ g / m ³⁾ or more, the second stage is set to the fire alarm warning signal When the concentration of airborne concentrated aerosol continues to rise sharply above 500 μg/m ³ ( μ g/m ³ ), the third stage warning signal is set to fire evacuation.

Preferably, wherein the aerosol has a sensed concentration value of PM1, PM2.5, or PM10.

Preferably, the sensing module obtains a position signal, and the early fire warning system for detecting the airborne particle value further includes a cloud processing unit, and a communication connection between the cloud processing unit and the micro control module. An electronic device that receives the at least one warning signal, the cloud processing unit has a database module, the database module includes a pair of area data corresponding to the position signal and having the comparison value, and the electronic device includes an editing module The editing module is configured to output an instruction to the database module, and the database module adjusts the comparison value according to the instruction.

Preferably, the electronic device and the display device can display the three stages of the warning in a sound type, a light type, a film type, a picture type, a brief message type, a push type, or a vibration type. Signal.

Preferably, the sensing module further includes at least one gas sensor, wherein the at least one gas sensor senses the at least one environmental region to obtain a gas sensing value and outputs the micro control mode. The comparison value of the group can be communicatively coupled to the at least one gas sensor, and the at least one gas sensor and the at least one aerosol sensor can establish a multi-index analysis architecture for performing dual Confirm the accuracy of fire alarms and reduce the risk of false positives.

Preferably, the gas sensing value is carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), gas, hydrogen (H2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) or methane (CH4).

Preferably, the early fire warning system for detecting airborne particulate values is transmitted by Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, RF, ZigBee, 4G, 5G, or LoRa wireless.

Preferably, the early fire warning system for detecting airborne particulate values can be coupled to any fire extinguishing system, including: a smoke exhaust system, a sprinkler system, a water mist fire extinguishing system, a foam fire extinguishing system, a fireproof iron roll door device or a gas Fire extinguishing system.

Preferably, the early fire warning system for detecting the airborne particle value can be coupled to the evacuation indicator guiding device for providing a quick and effective escape evacuation direction and guidance.

Preferably, the early fire warning system for detecting airborne aerosol values can be coupled to any fire alarm broadcast system comprising: a fire alarm receiver system, a broadcast host or an emergency broadcast system.

Accordingly, the present invention provides an early fire warning system for detecting the value of airborne particles, which is mainly composed of a sensing module, a micro control module, and a display device, and has a simple overall structure, through the sensing mode. The group detects the rising curvature of the suspended particle concentration value and sends a warning message to remind the user in the environmental area when the aerosol is abnormal, so that the user in the environmental area can quickly find the fire position, and the initial fire extinguishing and the like can be quickly completed. Features.

In addition, the present invention replaces the manual adjustment method by the network processing unit and the digital adjustment threshold setting of the cloud processing unit, so that the user can appropriately adjust the local conditions according to the requirements of different environments, thereby effectively reducing the labor cost and improving the operation efficiency. And reduce the number of fires and protect the safety of life and property.

[study]

1‧‧‧Fire Sensor

〔this invention〕

A‧‧‧ aerosol

B‧‧‧ louver

C‧‧‧ louver

D‧‧‧ incense burner

E‧‧‧person

20‧‧‧Environmental area

30‧‧‧Sensor module

31‧‧‧Aerosol sensor

32‧‧‧ gas sensor

40‧‧‧Micro Control Module

50‧‧‧ display device

60‧‧‧Cloud Processing Unit

61‧‧‧Database module

70‧‧‧Electronic devices

71‧‧‧editing module

80‧‧‧ transceiver

Escape from 90‧‧1

Escape exit on 100‧‧2

110‧‧‧Emergency Broadcasting System

120‧‧‧Fire extinguishing system

130‧‧‧Refuge signage guidance equipment

Figure 1A is a schematic diagram of a conventional early warning system for fires.

Figure 1B is a schematic diagram of another very early early fire warning system, showing different cabinet sampling in the machine room.

Figure 1C is a schematic illustration of a conventional fire sensor.

2 is a block diagram of an embodiment of the present invention, showing a sensing module, a micro control module, and a display device.

FIG. 3A is a schematic diagram of the use of the embodiment of the present invention, the display device detects a condition of a smoke abnormality.

FIG. 3B is a schematic diagram of the use of the embodiment of the present invention, showing the Ipad detecting the abnormality of the smoke.

4 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention, showing a cloud processing unit and an electronic device.

Figure 5A is a plan view showing an embodiment of the present invention showing a state in which the door louver is closed without convection in the environmental region.

Figure 5B is a plan view showing an embodiment of the present invention showing a state in which the venting of the gas window is naturally convected in the environmental region.

Figure 6A is a graph showing an embodiment of the present invention showing the rising curvature of the sensed concentration value of the aerosol of Figure 5A.

Figure 6B is a graph showing an embodiment of the present invention showing the rising curvature of the suspended particle sensing concentration value of Figure 5B.

Figure 7 is a graph of an embodiment of the invention showing that the alert signal can be notified for three phases.

Figure 8 is a block diagram of another embodiment of the present invention showing a gas sensor.

Figure 9 is a schematic illustration of yet another embodiment of the present invention showing that the present invention can be coupled to any fire suppression system.

Fig. 10A is a schematic view showing still another embodiment of the present invention, showing that the present invention can be coupled to an evacuation signage guiding device.

Fig. 10B is a kanban display diagram of the embodiment of Fig. 10A showing the condition of the refuge indication.

11 is a kanban display diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention, showing that the present invention can be coupled to any fire alarm broadcast system, including: a fire alarm receiver system, a broadcast host, or an emergency broadcast system.

Referring to FIG. 2 to FIG. 10, an embodiment of the present invention provides an early fire warning system for detecting airborne particulate values, which is applicable to a wireless network and is installed in at least one environmental region 20, and the detected airborne particle value is detected. The early fire warning system includes: a sensing module 30, a micro control module 40, and a display device 50, wherein: the sensing module 30 includes at least one aerosol sensor 31, the at least one suspension The particle sensor 31 is configured to sense the aerosol A of the at least one environmental region 20 to obtain a suspended particle sensing concentration value (the suspended particle sensing concentration value is in micrograms per cubic meter) and a position signal, and In the present embodiment, the suspended particle sensing concentration value refers to the concentration of suspended particles in the air, and the detected concentration of the suspended particles is PM1, PM2.5, or PM10. In detail, the aerodynamic diameter is less than or equal to 10 micron suspended particles are called fine suspended particles (PM10); aerodynamic diameters less than or equal to 2.5 micron are called fine suspended particles (PM2.5); aerodynamic diameter is less than or equal to 1 micron. Suspension Referred to as fine particles suspended particles (PM1).

The micro control module 40 is connected to the sensing module 30 and receives the aerosol sensing concentration value and the position signal, and has a comparison value, and the micro control module 30 is configured to sense the floating particle. The concentration value is compared with the comparison value. When the suspended particle sensing concentration value is greater than the comparison value, at least one warning signal is generated, and when the suspended particle sensing concentration value is less than the comparison value, a normal is generated. In the embodiment, the micro control module 40 can update firmware information through a wireless network, and the firmware can be written in a combined language, C language, etc., but not limited thereto.

The display device 50 is composed of a plurality of light emitting diodes (LEDs) for receiving the warning signal and the normal signal to generate a corresponding message for the user or the manager of the environmental area 20 to read. In the embodiment, the display device 50 is exemplified by a device box, but not limited thereto, and can also be a mobile phone, an Ipad (see FIG. 3B), or a wearable device, so that people can easily Observing the suspended particles A in the environmental region 20, the concentration data of the suspended particles A can be obtained through the display device 50, wherein the display device 50 can be in a sound type, a bright light type, a sound and light type, and a picture type. The message type, push type, or vibration type shows the warning signal in three stages.

Through the setting manner of the sensing module 30, the micro control module 40 and the display device 50, the warning signal can be generated in an early stage of the fire development, so that the administrator, the firefighter, or the environmental area 20 Personnel have sufficient time to make appropriate disposals and take appropriate contingency measures early to avoid fires and reduce hazards.

As shown in FIG. 2 to FIG. 4 , the sensing module 30 obtains a position signal, and the early fire warning system for detecting the airborne particle value further includes a cloud processing unit 60 and a communication connection with the cloud processing unit 60. The electronic device 70, the cloud processing unit 60 is communicatively coupled to the micro control module 40, and has a database module 61. The database module 61 includes a pair of position signals of the sensing module and has the micro control The electronic device 70 is connected to the cloud processing unit 60 and includes an editing module 71 for outputting an instruction to the data of the cloud processing unit 60. The library module 61, the database module 61 adjusts the comparison value according to the instruction and the area data having the position signal. The database module 61 of the cloud processing unit 60 is a plan view including each floor of the building, and calculates the state of the suspended particles and the smoke distribution of the environment area 20 according to the received position signal and the coordinates, and the present invention can transmit The wireless transmission and address addressing method obtains the location signal, and through the architecture configuration design of the Internet of Things, the location of the fire in the environmental area can be accurately located. this invention The electronic device 70 is exemplified by a smart phone, and may also be a desktop computer, a notebook computer, or a tablet computer; thereby, the present invention instantly senses the concentration of the aerosol A in the environmental region 20, And returning the sensing result to the user of the environmental area 20, when the user receives the warning message, and finds that the concentration of the aerosol A in the environmental area 20 is too high, the reaction can be immediately performed, such as stopping the construction and leaving The environmental zone 20, or turn off the main power supply, etc., to reduce the chance of fire. In addition, through the installation, networking, and digitization setting of the cloud processing unit 60, it is not necessary to separately perform assembly setting on site, which saves a lot of installation costs and time, and contributes greatly to the construction in a large building. Moreover, the database module 61 not only has the area data, but also can store temperature change information, gas change information, fire source heat release rate change information, and the like.

In addition, the early fire warning system for detecting airborne particulate values is transmitted by Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, RF, ZigBee, 4G, 5G, or LoRa wireless communication technologies to balance the concentration of the aerosol A. The related data is uploaded to the cloud processing unit 60 for remote users to monitor through a mobile phone or a tablet. For example, the user can remotely pass through a mobile phone or a tablet computer to adjust the preset concentration value of the original aerosol A concentration.

Please refer to FIG. 5A and FIG. 6A, which show an experimental curve of the early fire warning system for detecting the airborne particle value in a closed space without convection. The early fire warning system for detecting the airborne particle value is located at the louver B and the door. An incense burner D is placed between C and close to the door C. The incense burner D is inserted with 50 fragrances as an experimental basis for the generation of suspended particles (since the number of 50 fragrances is too large, the figure shows 3 fragrances) . At the beginning of the fire, the concentration of suspended particles suddenly increased, but the amount of accumulated smoke at this time is not obvious to the human eye, so the traditional smoke detector will not react, but as the fire is getting bigger and bigger, the particle particles are getting bigger and bigger, PM When the concentration value is increased to 800 μg/m ³ or more, when a large amount of dense smoke is densely covered, the traditional smoke detector begins to react, but at this time the fire has already become a disaster and the open flame is high, which may cause Significant casualties and property losses; thereby, the early stages of the fire have developed slowly and accompanied by significant smog in the early stages of the development of an open flame. This sudden concentration of smoke will cause the PM value to increase dramatically in a short period of time. The invention applies this principle to detect early fire warnings, and can detect the air value (including the suspended particles PM1, PM2.5 and PM10 values) in a normal state. Once a fire abnormal state occurs, an early fire warning system can be made.

Referring to FIG. 5B and FIG. 6B, an experimental curve showing the early fire warning system for detecting the airborne particulate value in the natural convection of the air blast B is displayed, and the early fire early warning system for detecting the airborne particulate value is located in the louver B. The incense burner D is placed between the door C and the door C, and the incense burner D is inserted with 50 incense as an experimental basis for the generation of suspended particles (since the number of 50 incense is too large, 3 in the figure) The scent shows); the experiment of stabilizing the airflow is as shown in the above graph (ie closing all louvers and entrance gates) and the rate of increase of suspended particulates (PM) is higher than the natural convection experiment (ie closing all louvers and entrances and exits). Faster.

The early fire warning system for detecting airborne particle values according to the present invention, wherein the suspended particle sensing value can be achieved by detecting PM1 or PM10 values in addition to PM2.5.

Referring to FIG. 2 and FIG. 7 , the at least one warning signal of the micro control module 40 can notify the three stages of setting when the air suspension particle concentration is increased by more than 30 micrograms per cubic meter per minute (μg). /m ³ ) Above, the system will issue a “smoke abnormality” message, and the signal will appear on the relevant electronic display device and the action carrying device, prompting the nearby personnel to go to the viewing. This is the first stage notification; when the air smoke is thick When the concentration of suspended particulates is not reduced and continues to increase above 250 μg/m ³ or more, the system issues a “fire warning” message and the signal appears on the relevant electronic display device and the action carrying device. This notices the guards and management personnel to identify or confirm, this is the second stage of notification; when the concentration of airborne aerosols rises sharply above 500 micrograms per cubic meter (μg/m ³ ), the system issues a "fire evacuation" The message and the fire warning message is transmitted to the relevant display device and the action carrying device. This is the third stage of notification. The warning signal of the first stage is based on the suspension. Particles rising slope is greater than 30 g / m ^ (μg / m3) or more per minute is determined. In addition, as shown in Figure 7, although the two curves represent different environmental backgrounds (one curve refers to the initial air quality is normal, and the other curve refers to the initial air quality is poor), but the initial start condition is greater than 30 micrograms per minute. / m ^ 3 (μg / m3) is the same, to overcome the shortcomings of using absolute false positives. In addition, due to the special requirements of each environmental area, for example, when the site is located in a highly polluted air quality area (underground parking lot and road tunnel), areas that are frequently exposed to the external environment (warehouse loading area and large location) The low level of the roadside, or unexpectedly increased background smoke level (such as kitchen and vehicle maintenance factory), the three-stage setting can adjust the smoke anomaly, fire warning and fire evacuation comparison value according to local conditions. Therefore, the invention can adjust the comparison value, the sensitivity and the multi-stage notification in the "early fire early warning system for detecting the airborne particle value", and can issue a fire alarm signal several minutes earlier than the conventional smoke detector, thereby achieving the "smart disaster prevention system". It is the biggest key to the effectiveness of early fire detection systems.

As shown in FIG. 8 , the sensing module 30 further includes at least one gas sensor 32 for sensing the at least one environmental region 20 to obtain a gas sensing value, and Outputting, the comparison value of the micro control module 40 can communicatively connect the at least one gas sensor 32, and the at least one gas sensor 32 and the at least one aerosol sensor 31 establish a multi-index analysis architecture. The multi-indicator analysis framework is used for double confirmation to improve the accuracy of fire alarms, reduce the risk of false alarms, and achieve intelligent fire protection. The gas sensing value is carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), gas, hydrogen (H2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) or methane (CH4), so that the gas sensor 32 can be detected by the setting of the gas sensor 32. The gas quality of the environmental region 20, when any gas such as carbon dioxide (CO2), carbon monoxide (CO), methane (CH4), gas, etc. exceeds a set value, can transmit information to the display device 50, and for the environmental region 20 The user inside should make an early warning treatment. Please refer to Table 1 below for the range of the detected concentration of the gas set value.

As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 9 , the early fire warning system for detecting the airborne particle value can be connected to any fire extinguishing system 120. The connection method can be wired or wirelessly connected. The fire extinguishing system 120 includes: a smoke exhaust system, a sprinkler system, a water mist fire extinguishing system, a foam fire extinguishing system, a fireproof iron roll door device, or a gas fire extinguishing system. The water-lifting system of the present invention is an example. When the sensing module 30 detects that the aerosol A is abnormally rising, and determines whether it is a fire alarm according to the abnormality, if the fire alarm is fired, the sensing module 30 performs a series of fire extinguishing. The sensing module 30 transmits a signal to the pressure motor to pressurize the water. At this time, the pipeline in the building is converted into a path type by the closed state, and the sensing module 30 is configured. At the same time, the signal is transmitted to the servo motor (not shown), and the servo is sent. The motor rotates, whereby the fire extinguishing system 120 can spray a strong water column through the action nozzle to achieve rapid fire extinguishing. On the other hand, if the abnormality is determined to be a false positive, the fire extinguishing means is cancelled, and the abnormal condition of the rising of the suspended particles is continuously detected. .

Referring to FIG. 10A to FIG. 10B, the early fire warning system for detecting the airborne particle value can be connected with the evacuation sign guiding device 130, wherein the connection mode can be wired or wirelessly connected, providing a quick and effective escape refuge direction. And guidance. When a fire occurs in a building and evacuation is required, the wireless transceivers 80 provided in the escape exits 90 and the escape exits 100 of the building are respectively in the receiving range and the display device 50 of each person E ( Here, the display device 50 is worn on the person E to be connected to each other. Accordingly, each of the personnel E can directly view the evacuation message of the early fire warning system for detecting the airborne particle value during the evacuation process, so as to be the shortest. The most accurate judgment is made within the time to enable the personnel E in the building to achieve rapid and safe evacuation in a short period of time. Even during the evacuation process, the personnel E cannot directly see the escape exit. In the case of the case, it is immediately known which exit is safe and can be quickly passed.

Please refer to FIG. 2 and FIG. 11 again. The early fire warning system for detecting airborne particle values can be connected to any fire alarm broadcasting system, and the connection method can be wired or wirelessly connected. The fire alarm broadcasting system Includes: Fire alarm receiver system, broadcast host or emergency broadcast system. The emergency broadcast system 110 is used as an example. When the sensing module 30 detects that the aerosol A is abnormally rising, and determines whether it is a fire according to the abnormality, if the fire alarm is fired, the sensing module 30 transmits the signal. The emergency broadcast system 110 immediately performs a series of evacuation broadcasts such as fire escape evacuation, so that the personnel in the building can achieve rapid and safe evacuation in a short time.

The above description is the configuration description of each main component of the embodiment of the present invention. The mode of use and efficacy of the present invention are described below.

In one embodiment, the overall structure of the present invention is relatively simple. The sensing module 30 detects the rising curvature of the aerosol A for comparison, and sends an alert message to alert the use of the environment region 20 when the aerosol A is abnormal. The personnel can quickly find the fire position by the user in the environmental area 20, and can quickly complete the disaster prevention function such as the initial fire extinguishing.

Secondly, the present invention adjusts the threshold value of the early fire warning system for detecting the airborne particle value through the network processing and digitization of the cloud processing unit 60, instead of manually adjusting the mode, so that the user can do according to the needs of different environments. Appropriate adjustments can effectively reduce labor costs, improve operational efficiency, and reduce the number of fires and the safety of life and property.

Third, according to the combustion behavior characteristics of the environmental zone, the system integrates multiple fire detection technologies into a smart fire prevention system, which can obtain correct information to grasp the situation, provide reliable information, reduce the risk of false positives, and play an effective role. The contingency measures provide the purpose of safe fire prevention, provide reliable information, and reduce the risk of false positives.

It is worth mentioning that the following is a comparison between the present invention and the very early fire warning system and the traditional smoke detection system as shown in Table 2.

In the above, the above embodiments and the drawings are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and the equivalent changes and modifications according to the scope of the present invention should be The scope of the invention is covered.

Claims (11)

An early fire warning system for detecting airborne particulate values is applicable to a wireless network and is installed in at least one environmental area. The early fire warning system for detecting airborne particulate values includes: a sensing module including at least one a suspended particle sensor, wherein the at least one suspended particle sensor senses the suspended particles of the at least one environmental region to obtain a suspended particle sensing concentration value and a position signal, and outputs the same; a micro control module, communication Connecting the sensing module and receiving the aerosol sensing concentration value and the position signal, and having a comparison value, the micro control module is configured to compare the suspended particle sensing concentration value with the comparison value When the suspended particle sensing concentration value is greater than the comparison value, generating at least one warning signal, when the suspended particle sensing concentration value is less than the comparison value, generating a normal signal; a display device for receiving The warning signal and the normal signal generate a corresponding message; a cloud processing unit communicatively connects the micro control module and has a database module, the database module includes a An area device that senses a position signal of the module and has a comparison value of the micro control module; and an electronic device that communicates with the cloud processing unit and includes an editing module, and the editing module outputs one The command is transmitted to the database module of the cloud processing unit, and the database module adjusts the comparison value of the micro control module according to the instruction and the area data having the position signal. The early fire warning system for detecting an airborne particle value according to claim 1, wherein the at least one warning signal of the micro control module is capable of setting a notification for three stages, when detecting an increase in the concentration of airborne particulates exceeds each When the temperature is above 30 μg/m ³ ( μ g/m ³ ), the first stage warning signal is set to smoke abnormality; when the concentration of airborne concentrated aerosol does not decrease and continues to increase by more than 250 μg/ m ^ 3 ( μ g / When m3) or above, set the second stage warning signal to fire warning; when the concentration of airborne concentrated aerosol continues to rise sharply above 500 μg/m ^ 3 ( μ g/m ³ ), set the third stage warning signal to fire. Refuge. An early fire warning system for detecting an airborne particle value according to claim 1, wherein the aerosol sensing concentration value is PM1, PM2.5, or PM10. The early fire warning system for detecting an airborne particle value according to claim 1, wherein the electronic device is connected to the micro control module to receive the at least one warning signal. The early fire early warning system for detecting an airborne particle value according to claim 1, wherein the display device can be in a sound type, a bright light type, a video and audio type, a picture type, a short message type, a push type, Or the vibration type shows the warning signal in three stages. The early fire warning system for detecting an airborne particle value according to claim 1, wherein the sensing module further comprises at least one gas sensor, wherein the at least one gas sensor is configured to sense the at least one environmental region. Obtaining a gas sensing value and outputting the comparison value of the micro control module to communicably connect the at least one gas sensor, wherein the at least one gas sensor and the at least one aerosol sensor can establish A multi-indicator analysis framework that is used for double validation to improve the accuracy of fire alarms and reduce the risk of false positives. An early fire warning system for detecting an airborne particle value according to claim 6, wherein the gas sensing value is carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), gas, hydrogen (H2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) or Methane (CH4). An early fire warning system for detecting airborne particulate values as recited in claim 1, wherein the early fire warning system for detecting airborne particulate values is via Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, RF, ZigBee, 4G, 5G, or LoRa wireless achieves signal transmission. An early fire warning system for detecting airborne particulate values as recited in claim 1, wherein the early fire warning system for detecting airborne particulate values is capable of being coupled to any fire extinguishing system, including: a smoke exhaust system, a sprinkler system, and water Fog fire extinguishing system, foam fire extinguishing system, fireproof iron roll door equipment or gas fire extinguishing system. An early fire warning system for detecting airborne particulate values as recited in claim 1, wherein the early fire warning system for detecting airborne particulate values can be coupled with the evacuation indicator guiding device to provide a quick and effective escape evacuation direction and guidance. An early fire warning system for detecting airborne particulate values as recited in claim 1, wherein the early fire warning system for detecting airborne particulate values is capable of being coupled to any fire alarm broadcast system, the fire alarm broadcast system comprising: fire alarm Switchboard system, broadcast host or emergency broadcast system.