TWI661665B - Discrete operation and maintenance channel independent support type surface photovoltaic power generation system and installation method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an independent support type surface photovoltaic power generation system with discrete operation and maintenance channels. It includes four continuous operation and maintenance channels; the four continuous operation and maintenance channels are composed of a long channel in the length direction and a wide channel in the width direction, and the long channel is assembled by a plurality of aisle floating bodies in the direction of both ends in sequence. The wide passage is composed of a walkway floating body and a connecting floating body alternately assembled on both sides; a plurality of operation and maintenance aisles in the width direction are arranged in the continuous operation and maintenance aisle around the space along the length direction, and the operation and maintenance aisle consists of The connecting floating body and the walkway floating body are alternately formed along the two sides, and the connecting floating body is installed on the side wall of the walkway floating body; the operation and maintenance walkway divides the continuous operation and maintenance channels around it into a plurality of photovoltaic power generation areas. It has the advantages of high light transmittance, good hydrophilicity and stable structure. The invention also discloses a method for installing a discrete operation and maintenance channel independent support type surface photovoltaic power generation system.

Description

Discrete operation and maintenance channel independent support type surface photovoltaic power generation system and installation method

The present invention relates to the field of photovoltaic power generation, and more specifically, it is an independent support type surface photovoltaic power generation system with discrete operation and maintenance channels. The invention further relates to a method for installing a discrete type operation and maintenance channel independent support type surface photovoltaic power generation system.

The photovoltaic power generation system uses solar energy and uses special materials such as crystalline silicon plates, inverters and other electronic components to form a power generation system. It is an environmentally friendly, safe and reliable green energy source. Photovoltaic power plants are currently the most encouraged green power development energy projects in the country, and have made important contributions to building a low-carbon society. However, due to the low energy density of photovoltaic power generation and the large footprint under the same capacity configuration, it is difficult for terrestrial photovoltaics to rationally allocate land resources. However, China has a large number of reservoirs, lakes, and mining subsidence areas. The use of idle water surface space to build water photovoltaic is an optimal use of resources. It can not only rationally use land resources, increase power generation, but also protect the water environment and reduce floating dust.

The surface floating photovoltaic power station is in a humid environment and structural components are easily corroded. In order to ensure the corrosion resistance and life of floating objects, hollow blown high-density polyethylene floating bodies are generally used to provide buoyancy for surface photovoltaic power stations. The structural form of the hollow blown product has a great influence on production efficiency and quality. A flat structure with a uniform thickness is most conducive to blow molding into a floating body with uniform wall thickness. The photovoltaic power station needs to use floating objects to support the photovoltaic module at a certain angle, which has a special shape requirement for the floating body. At present, most floating structures at home and abroad only consider meeting the inclination requirements of power generation, and ignore the adverse factors brought to production and quality control. How to optimize the design of the floating structure to meet the requirements of use and production is a problem that needs to be solved at present.

Photovoltaic power generation systems include not only solar cell modules, but also equipment such as combiner boxes, inverters, and cable trays. The direct current from the solar cell module is transmitted to the string inverter through the cable, and then the low-voltage alternating current after the inverter is transmitted to the combiner box through the cable, and then the cable is transmitted to the transformer after the confluence. In order to reduce the amount of cables and improve the economical efficiency of photovoltaic power stations, it is necessary to install and fix equipment such as inverters, combiner boxes and cable troughs on water surface floating bodies. Unlike photovoltaic modules, string-type inverters, combiner boxes, and other electrical equipment have certain special requirements for installation on the water surface, such as height from the water surface and installation angle. At present, most of the existing floating body design forms only consider the fixed installation of photovoltaic modules, and no special consideration is given to the fixing of electrical equipment such as combiner boxes, string inverters, and cable troughs on the floating body. In practical applications, such floating bodies often use a floating body photovoltaic module installation structure to fixedly install electrical equipment such as inverters and combiner boxes, which not only do not meet the installation requirements of electrical equipment, but also fail to meet mechanical properties. For the laying of water cables, at present, some surface photovoltaic power generation systems have designed special floating cables for water cables. However, special floating bodies require additional molds to be opened, which increases the cost of power station construction, and is not conducive to the photovoltaic power stations to achieve parity on-line access.

Since 2015, China's surface photovoltaic technology has developed rapidly, especially in coal mining subsidence areas in Lianghuai region. At present, the construction of multiple surface photovoltaic power stations has been completed. However, the water area of the subsidence area is limited, and it is difficult to meet the construction needs of surface photovoltaic power stations. Many surface photovoltaic power stations have gradually developed to water surface areas such as reservoirs and lakes. Unlike the subsidence area, the waters such as reservoirs and lakes integrate many functions such as water supply and aquaculture. If a floating body similar to the subsidence area is used, it will cause the water surface area to be blocked in a large area, blocking air, sunlight and water. Contact causes hypoxia in the water body and causes death of aquatic organisms. Therefore, under the premise of ensuring the quality, function and stability of the floating body, reducing the shielding of the water surface, and improving the light transmittance and hydrophilicity of the floating body are the problems to be solved in the development of photovoltaic technology on the water surface.

At present, most of the surface photovoltaic floating body designs proposed at home and abroad are considered from the perspective of installation and fixation, but from the perspective of rationality, universality and environmental friendliness of the floating structure, these design solutions still have some problems. For example, the upper surface of the photovoltaic floating body on the water surface disclosed in patents such as WO2012 / 139998A2, CN201520911191.7, and CN201520618986.9 is sloped to meet the requirements of the inclination angle of photovoltaic modules; however, the slope design destroys the flatness of the structure of the blow molded product, resulting in wall thickness Both affect the quality of the floating body, its fixed slope angle and installation method also limit the water installation and fixing of other electrical equipment, and the continuous operation and maintenance channel of this floating body form will cause serious water surface obstruction. CN201620418220.0, CN201620220867.2 and other patents disclosed on the surface of the photovoltaic floating body adopt a relatively flat design method, the photovoltaic module is supported by a certain angle by an independent support; but this design still does not consider electrical equipment such as the combiner box Installation on water, and the water surface is still severely blocked, is not conducive to the use of this form of floating body in lakes, reservoirs and other areas.

The first object of the present invention is to provide a discrete surface-mounted photovoltaic power generation system with independent operation and maintenance channels, which has good hydrophilicity, light transmission and hydrophilicity, is convenient for production, and has good stability. Power station photovoltaic modules, electrical equipment, cable laying, maintenance channels and other important functions, simple structure, cheap installation, low cost, good stability.

A second object of the present invention is to provide a method for installing a discrete operation and maintenance channel independent support type surface photovoltaic power generation system.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned first object of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention is: a discrete type operation and maintenance channel independent support type surface photovoltaic power generation system, which is characterized by including continuous operation and maintenance channels around, which are closed. The rectangular continuous structure is composed of a long channel in the longitudinal direction and a wide channel in the width direction. The long channel is assembled by a plurality of aisle floating bodies in the direction of the two ends, and the wide aisle is formed by the aisle. The floating body and the connecting floating body are assembled alternately along two sides; grid plates are laid above the connecting floating body in the wide channel;

A plurality of operation and maintenance aisles in the width direction are provided in the continuous operation and maintenance aisle around the space along the length direction. The operation and maintenance aisle consists of connecting floating bodies and the aisle floating bodies alternately along both sides, and the connecting floating bodies are installed. On the side wall of the aisle floating body; the operation and maintenance aisle divides the continuous operation and maintenance channels around it into a plurality of photovoltaic power generation areas, and the power generation support network is provided with a power generation support network; the power generation support network includes multiple rows of connected floating bodies Group and multiple rows of aisle buoyant groups are assembled in a mesh structure, each row of connected buoyant groups includes multiple connected buoyants along the width direction, and each of the aisle buoyant groups includes multiple aisle buoyants along the length direction;

Two pairs of connecting ears with different heights are arranged at four corners of the two ends of the aisle floating body, and the connecting ears turn from the right to the left in order of a low first connecting ear, a high first connecting ear, a high second connecting ear and a low first Two connecting ears;

The four corners of the connecting floating body are provided with a middle connecting ear plate located at the same height in the middle. The middle connecting ear plate is a first middle connecting ear plate, a second middle connecting ear plate, The third middle connecting ear plate and the fourth middle connecting ear plate;

The height of the middle connecting ear plate is higher than the low first connecting ear and the low second connecting ear, and lower than the high first connecting ear and the high second connecting ear;

The first and fourth intermediate connecting ear plates on the connecting floating body at one end of each row of the connecting floating body group are respectively installed on the connecting ears of different heights on the aisle floating body, and the second intermediate connecting connection The ear plate is installed on the lower first connecting ear of the aisle floating body, and the third middle connecting ear plate is installed on the high first a connecting ear of the aisle floating body;

The third and second middle connecting ear plates connected to the floating body at the other end of each row of the floating body group are respectively installed on the connecting ears with different heights in the aisle floating body, and the first middle connecting ears thereof One end of the board is installed on the low first connecting ear of the aisle floating body, and the fourth middle connecting ear plate is installed on the high first a connecting ear of the aisle floating body;

The first neutral connecting ear plate, the second neutral connecting ear plate, the third neutral connecting ear plate, and the fourth neutral connecting ear plate on the connecting floating body in the middle of each row of the floating body group are respectively correspondingly installed in different The lower first connecting ear, the lower second connecting ear, the higher second connecting ear and the higher first connecting ear on the aisle floating body;

The aisle floats at both ends of each row of aisle float groups are respectively fixed to the aisle floats of the wide aisle and the operation and maintenance aisle. Photovoltaic modules or power generation equipment are arranged on the connecting float group in the power generation support network. The power generation equipment borrows The cable fixing bracket and the equipment fixing bracket are fixed on the connecting floating body; connecting members are arranged at intervals between the connecting floating bodies in each row of the connecting floating body group; the connecting members are aisle floating bodies and / or pedals.

In the above technical means, a single-leaf plum blossom mounting hole is provided on an ear plate of a connecting ear on the aisle floating body; a non-slip protrusion is provided on a top surface of the aisle floating body, and a circumferential side of the aisle floating body is provided with Vertical stiffeners, the bottom surface of the aisle floating body is provided with flowing water grooves in different directions; the connecting floating body is a rectangular parallelepiped, and a single-leaf plum blossom is arranged in the middle of the middle connecting ear plate on the connecting floating body. A hole, the middle part of the connecting floating body is provided with a middle hole penetrating up and down, two sides of the middle hole are provided with sink grooves, and two sides of the sink groove are provided with three-sided supporting embedded ears. Bolt holes are provided at both ends of the connecting ear, a slot is provided at one end of the connection floating body, and a plum blossom hole is opened in the slot; a rectangular concave surface is provided in the middle of the circumferential end surface of the connecting floating body, A rectangular small concave surface and a horizontal plate are provided, and bolt holes are opened in the middle of the horizontal plate.

In the above technical means, when the connecting member is an aisle floating body, the aisle floating body is disposed between two connecting floating bodies, and the connecting ears of the aisle floating bodies and the middle connecting ears of the two connecting floating bodies The plates are fitted and fixed; when the connecting member is a pedal, two ends of the pedal are respectively installed on the rectangular concave surfaces of the two connecting floating bodies.

In the above technical means, the power generation equipment includes a combiner box, an inverter, and a power cable.

In the above technical means, the cable fixing bracket includes two mutually parallel bottom beams, and one end of the bottom beam is provided with a leg for placing a cable or a cable slot box, and the leg is provided with a cable slot box fixing hole. The other end of the bottom beam is provided with a cable hoop, and a cable fixing bracket screw hole is provided between the leg and the cable hoop.

In the above technical means, the combiner box and the inverter are fixedly installed on the connecting floating body through a combiner box bracket or an inverter bracket; the combiner box bracket includes a cable fixing bracket and a device fixing bracket, and the inverter The device bracket includes a cable fixing bracket and a device fixing bracket. The device fixing bracket includes two pairs of high and low columns arranged on two mutually parallel bottom beams. The high and low pillars are provided with a vertical beam and a horizontal beam parallel to the bottom beam. Beam holes are provided at both ends, and the beam holes are matched with the mounting holes of the combiner box or the inverter.

In the above technical solution, the grid plate is fixed on the sinking groove by a mounting buckle; the mounting buckle is M-shaped, and a mounting buckle hole is opened on the middle plane; when used, the M-shaped mounting buckle is used The grid plate is connected to the embedded connection ear of the floating body through a mounting buckle hole, and the connection ear and the middle connection ear plate are fixed by a side bolt and a nut; the connection ear And the connecting ear is fixed by a side fixing bolt and a nut; the side fixing bolt includes a circular screw stage and a rod post, and a thread is provided at the lower end of the rod post, Anti-rotation protrusions are provided on the outer wall of the pole; reinforcing fins are provided around the outer surface of the nut; anti-loosening protrusions are provided on the nut contact plane.

In the above technical means, ear plate holes are provided on the connecting ear and the middle connecting ear plate, and the corresponding ear plate holes on the connecting ear and the middle connecting ear plate are bolt holes, and the four corners of the aisle floating body are connected at four corners. The ears are connected to the middle connecting ear plates at the four corners of the connecting floating body by steel bolts.

In the above technical means, one side of the photovoltaic module is fixed on the bracket floating body by an upper mounting member, and the other side is fixed on the connecting floating body by a lower mounting member; the bracket floating body is a zigzag thin plate structure The two sides of the bracket floating body protrude outwards; the slot on the connecting floating body communicates with the rectangular concave surface provided with a small rectangular concave surface; the bottom of the bracket floating body is provided with a rectangular protrusion that cooperates with the slot. The rectangular protrusion is provided with two screws that cooperate with the plum blossom holes in the slot. The middle part of the top end of the floating body of the bracket is semi-arc. The component fixing ear plate is provided with small holes; the side body of the bracket floating body is provided with a plurality of oval air passage holes; the upper mounting member is provided with an L-shaped vertical spoke plate that cooperates with the component fixing ear plate, A spoke hole is opened on the L-shaped vertical spoke plate, the spoke hole is fixed in cooperation with the small hole of the component fixing ear plate, and a horizontal upward inclined plate is provided on the top of the L-shaped vertical spoke plate. The upper surface of the inclined plate is provided with an upper assembly hole, and the upper assembly hole and the light The mounting holes of the components are fixed in cooperation; the lower mounting member is provided with an L-shaped fixing frame, and the bottom surface of the L-shaped fixing frame is provided with a lower mounting hole, which is installed in cooperation with the bolt hole of the horizontal plate, and the L-shaped The top surface of the fixing frame is provided with a vertically inclined support plate and a horizontally inclined lower mounting plate. The lower mounting plate is in a zigzag shape. The top surface of the lower mounting plate is provided with a lower assembly hole, and the lower assembly hole and the photovoltaic module. The mounting holes fit together.

In the above technical means, one side of the photovoltaic module is respectively fixed on the two column floating bodies by upper mounting members, and one side of the photovoltaic module is fixedly supported on the connecting floating body by the column floating bodies; the photovoltaic module The other side is fixed on the connecting buoy by a lower mounting member; the upright buoy is cylindrical, and the bottom of the upright buoy is provided with a protrusion that cooperates with a slot connecting the buoy, and the protrusion is provided on the buoy. There is a screw matched with a plum blossom hole in the slot, and a component fixing ear plate is provided on the top of the column floating body, and a small hole is provided on the component fixing ear plate; the sectional size of the column floating body gradually decreases from bottom to top.

In the above technical means, one side of the photovoltaic module is directly fixed on the connecting floating body by a long column-shaped integrated upper connecting member, and the other side is fixed on the connecting floating body by a lower mounting member; The integrated upper connector is L-shaped, the horizontal part is provided with bolt holes, and the vertical part is a hollow structure; the horizontal part of the long column-shaped integrated upper connector is connected to the small rectangular concave surface on the side of the connecting float; the L-shaped long column A horizontally inclined mounting plate is provided on the upper part of the shape-shaped integrated upper connector. Bolt holes are opened on the mounting plate, and the bolt holes are fixed in cooperation with the bolt holes on the photovoltaic module.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned second object of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention is: the installation method of the discrete type operation and maintenance channel independent support type surface photovoltaic power generation system, which is characterized by including the following steps:

Step 1: Fix the assembly hole on the upper mounting part with the mounting hole of the photovoltaic module by bolts;

Step 2: Insert the lower screw of the bracket floating body or the column floating body into the slot connecting the floating body and tighten it with a nut; or connect the lower part of the long column-shaped integrated upper connector with the plum blossom hole connecting the floating body to fix it ;

Step 3: Fix the upper mounting piece of step 1 to the small hole of the bracket floating body or the small hole of the column floating body or the bolt hole of the long column-shaped integrated upper connector by bolts, and fix the L-shape of the lower mounting member. The bottom edge of the frame of the photovoltaic module is buckled, and the L-shaped fixing frame and the lower mounting plate are connected to the connecting floating body by bolts after the lower mounting plate is installed.

Step 4: Connect the aisle floating body and the connection floating body assembled in step 3 according to a mesh structure, and tighten and fix it with a side bolt and a nut;

Step 5: Install a connecting piece between the two connecting floating bodies in the space between the floating bodies of the walkway, and fix the connecting piece with the connecting floating bodies in front and rear with bolts;

Step 6: Laying grid plates in the sinking grooves connected to the floating body around the photovoltaic power generation area, and fixing the grid plates to the embedded connection ears connecting the floating bodies with mounting clips, and fixing with bolts;

Step 7: In the photovoltaic power generation area, if necessary, install a combiner box bracket or an inverter bracket on the floating body without mounting brackets or pillar floating bodies or long pillar-shaped integrated upper connectors and photovoltaic module connecting floating bodies.

The invention has the following advantages:

(1) A discrete type operation and maintenance channel independent support type surface photovoltaic power generation system provided by the present invention uses non-continuous floating body channels to install connection members between two floating bodies in front of and behind the floating bodies to provide capacity for the discrete channels. On the premise of meeting the requirements for installation and power generation of photovoltaic power generation systems, the area of the water surface in contact with air and sunlight is increased, the transparency and hydrophilicity of the floating body are improved, the normal growth of aquatic organisms is guaranteed, and it is beneficial to the surface photovoltaic power generation system. Promotion in lakes, reservoirs, fish ponds and other areas;

(2) Aiming at the problem of uneven thickness of the floating body due to the inclination angle requirement of the photovoltaic module in the conventional technology, the present invention uses a single-pillar support type independent bracket or a long column-shaped integrated upper connector to satisfy the optimal inclination angle of the photovoltaic module Requirements, and to avoid the uneven quality of the floating body caused by the uneven thickness of the floating wall, and the single-pillar support bracket is fixed to the connecting floating body separately to ensure the overall installation stability of the component;

(3) A discrete type operation and maintenance channel independent support type surface photovoltaic power generation system provided by the present invention can use the existing connection floating body to realize the operation and maintenance channel function, electrical equipment installation function, cable laying function, etc., without the need for additional molds. Save the cost of surface photovoltaic power plants;

(4) The solution for fixing a surface photovoltaic power generation system component provided by the present invention, which uses a component mounting hole to fix and support the photovoltaic component, has a simple and reliable connection, and is convenient to install;

(5) The design scheme of the surface photovoltaic power generation system provided by the present invention avoids the risk that the preset components of the surface photovoltaic floating body mentioned in the conventional technology cause partial failure of the floating body component;

(6) The single-leaf plum blossom hole fixing side fixing bolt solution provided by the present invention can provide fixed support for the screw anti-rotation protrusion, and reduce the increase of stress concentration points caused by the traditional four-leaf plum blossom hole. At the same time, the mechanical structure of the floating body is enhanced.

The following describes the implementation of the present invention in detail with reference to the drawings, but they do not constitute a limitation on the present invention, and are merely examples. At the same time, the advantages of the present invention will be made clearer and easier to understand by explanation.

With reference to the drawings, it can be seen that the discrete operation and maintenance channel independent support type surface photovoltaic power generation system includes continuous operation and maintenance channels 1a around it, which is a closed rectangular structure; the continuous operation and maintenance channels 1a around it have a length A long channel 1a.1 in the direction and a wide channel 1a.2 in the width direction are formed. The long channel 1a.1 is composed of a plurality of aisle floating bodies 1 sequentially assembled along the two ends, and the wide channel 1a.2 is a walkway. The floating body 1 and the connecting floating body 2 are assembled alternately along the two sides; grid plates 4 are laid above the connecting floating body 2 in the wide channel 1a.2;

A plurality of operation and maintenance aisles 1b in a width direction are arranged in the circumferential continuous operation and maintenance aisle 1a at intervals along the length direction. The operation and maintenance aisle 1b consists of connecting the floating body 2 and the aisle floating body 1 alternately along both sides. And the connection floating body 2 is installed on the side wall of the walkway floating body 1; the operation and maintenance walkway 1b divides the continuous operation and maintenance channel 1a into a plurality of photovoltaic power generation areas 1c, and the photovoltaic power generation area 1c is provided with a power generation support network 1d. The power generation support net 1d includes a cross-assembled network structure of multiple rows of connected floating body groups and multiple rows of walkway floating body groups, and each row of connected floating body groups includes a plurality of connected floating bodies 2 in the width direction, and each row of walkways The floating body group includes a plurality of walkway floating bodies 1 along the length direction;

The aisle floating body 1 is provided with two pairs of connecting ears 1.1 having different heights at four corners, and the connecting ears 1.1 turn from the right to the left in order of a low first connecting ear 1.1a, a high first connecting ear 1.1b, and a high position. The second connecting ear 1.1c and the lower second connecting ear 1.1d;

The two ends of the connecting floating body 2 are provided with a middle connecting ear plate 2.1 located at the same height in the middle, and the middle connecting ear plate 2.1 turns from left to right in turn as the first middle connecting ear plate 2.1a and the second middle Connecting ear plate 2.1b, third middle connecting ear plate 2.1c and fourth middle connecting ear plate 2.1d;

The height of the middle connecting ear plate 2.1 is higher than the low first connecting ear 1.1a and the low second connecting ear 1.1d, and lower than the high first connecting ear 1.1b and the high second connecting ear 1.1c;

The first middle position connecting ear plate 2.1a and the fourth middle position connecting ear plate 2.1d on the connecting floating body 2 at one end in each row of the floating body group are respectively installed on the connecting ears 1.1 of different heights on the aisle floating body 1. , The second middle connecting ear plate 2.1b is installed on the lower first connecting ear 1.1d of the aisle floating body 1, and the third middle connecting ear plate 2.1c is installed on the high first connecting ear 1.1c of the aisle floating body 1. on;

The third middle connecting ear plate 2.1c and the second middle connecting ear plate 2.1b connected to the floating body 2 at the other end of each row of the floating body group are respectively installed on the connecting ears 1.1 of different heights of the aisle floating body 1, One end of the first middle connecting ear plate 2.1a is installed on the low first connecting ear 1.1a of the aisle floating body 1, and the fourth middle connecting ear plate 2.1d is installed on the high first connecting ear 1.1 of the aisle floating body 1. b 上 ；

The first middle position connecting ear plate 2.1a, the second middle position connecting ear plate 2.1b, the third middle position connecting ear plate 2.1c, and the fourth middle position connecting ear on the connection floating body 2 in the middle of each row of the floating body group. The board 2.1d is correspondingly installed on the low first connecting ear 1.1a, the low second connecting ear 1.1d, the high second connecting ear 1.1c, and the high first connecting ear 1.1b on different aisle floating bodies 1.

The walkway buoys 1 at both ends of each row of walkway buoyant groups are respectively fixed on the wide aisle 1a.2 and the operation and maintenance walkway 1b. Photovoltaic modules 6 or power generation equipment 7 are arranged on the connecting buoyant group in the power generation support network 1d The power generating equipment 7 is fixed on the connecting floating body 2 by a cable fixing bracket 10 and a device fixing bracket 11; connecting members 5 are arranged at intervals between the connecting floating bodies 2 in each row of the connecting floating body group; the connecting member 5 is a walkway Floating body 1 and / or pedal 5.1.

The ear plate of the connecting ear 1.1 on the walkway floating body 1 is provided with a single-leaf plum blossom mounting hole 1.11; the top surface of the walkway floating body 1 is provided with non-slip protrusions 1.2, and the walkway floating body 1 is provided with lateral sides. Vertical stiffener 1.3, the bottom surface of the aisle floating body 1 is provided with flowing water grooves 1.4 in different directions; the connecting floating body 2 is a rectangular parallelepiped, and the middle connecting ear plate 2.1 on the connecting floating body 2 The middle part is provided with a single-leaf plum blossom hole 2.11, and the middle part of the connecting floating body 2 is provided with a middle hole 2.7 penetrating up and down, which reduces the mass of the floating body and enhances the structural strength of the floating body. The sides of the middle hole 2.7 are provided with sinking Slot 2.2, two sides of the sinking slot 2.2 are provided with three-sided supporting embedded connection ears 2.21, the embedded connection ears 2.21 are provided with bolt holes at both ends, and one end of the connection floating body 2 is provided with a slot 2.3 The slot 2.3 is provided with a plum blossom hole 2.31; the connecting floating body 2 is provided with a rectangular concave surface 2.4 in the middle of the circumferential end surface, and the rectangular concave surface 2.4 is provided with a small rectangular concave surface 2.5 and a horizontal plate 2.6. A bolt hole 2.61 is opened in the middle of the plate 2.6.

When the connecting member 5 is an aisle floating body 1, the aisle floating body 1 is disposed between two connecting floating bodies 2, and the connecting ear 1.1 of the aisle floating body 1 is connected to the middle position of the two connecting floating bodies 2. The ear plate 2.1 is fixed and fixed; when the connecting member 5 is a pedal 5.1, both ends of the pedal 5.1 are respectively mounted on two rectangular concave surfaces 2.4 connecting the floating bodies 2.

The power generation equipment 7 includes a combiner box, an inverter, and a power cable.

The cable fixing bracket 10 includes two bottom beams 10.1 parallel to each other. One end of the bottom beam 10.1 is provided with a foot 10.2 for accommodating a cable or a cable slot box. The foot 10.2 is provided with a cable slot box fixing hole 10.21. The other end of the bottom beam 10.1 is provided with a cable hoop 10.3, and a cable fixing bracket screw hole 10.4 is provided between the leg 10.2 and the cable hoop 10.3.

The combiner box and the inverter are fixedly installed on the connecting floating body 2 through a combiner box bracket or an inverter bracket; the combiner box bracket includes a cable fixing bracket 10 and a device fixing bracket 11, and the inverter bracket includes The cable fixing bracket 10 and the equipment fixing bracket 11 include two pairs of high and low columns 11.1 arranged on two mutually parallel bottom beams 10.1, and the high and low pillars 11.1 are provided with a vertical beam 11.2 inclinedly and Beam 10.1 parallel beams 11.3 are provided with beam holes 11.31 at both ends, and the beam holes 11.31 are matched with the mounting holes of the combiner box or inverter to install the combiner box or inverter.

The grid plate 4 is fixed to the sinking groove 2.2 by a mounting buckle 14; the mounting buckle 14 is M-shaped, and a mounting buckle hole 14.1 is opened on the middle plane; the M-shaped mounting buckle 14.1 is buckled when in use. The grid plate 4 is connected to the embedded connection ear 2.21 of the floating body 2 through the mounting buckle hole 14.1, so as to fix the grid plate. The connection ear 1.1 and the middle connection ear plate 2.1 It is fixed by the side fixing bolt 12 and the nut 13; between the connecting ear 1.1 and the connecting ear 1.1 is fixed by the side fixing bolt 12 and the nut 13; the side fixing bolt 12 includes a round screw table 12.1 and a rod Column 12.2, the lower end of the rod post 12.2 is provided with a thread 12.21, the outer wall of the rod post 12.2 between the thread 12.21 and the circular screw table 12.1 is provided with anti-rotation protrusions 12.3; the outer surface of the nut 13 is provided with reinforcements The fins 13.1 and the nut contact plane are provided with anti-loosening protrusions 13.2.

Ear plate holes are provided on the connecting ear 1.1 and the middle connecting ear plate, and the corresponding ear plate holes on the connecting ear 1.1 and the middle connecting ear plate 2.1 are bolt holes. The four corner connecting ears 1.1 of the aisle floating body 1 The middle connecting ear plates 2.1 connected to the four corners of the two ends of the floating body 2 are connected by steel bolts.

One side of the photovoltaic module 6 is fixed on the bracket floating body 3 by an upper mounting member 8 and the other side is fixed on the connecting floating body 2 by a lower mounting member 9; the bracket floating body 3 is a zigzag thin plate structure The two sides of the bracket floating body 3 protrude outward; the slot 2.3 connected to the floating body 2 communicates with a rectangular concave surface 2.4 provided with a small rectangular concave surface 2.5; the bottom of the bracket floating body 3 is provided with a slot 2.3 The rectangular protrusion 3.1 is provided with two screws 3.2 which are matched with the plum blossom holes 2.31 in the slot 2.3. The middle part of the top end of the bracket floating body 3 has a semi-arc shape, and the semi-arc side faces The protruding part is provided with a component fixing ear plate 3.3. The component fixing ear plate 3.3 is provided with a small hole 3.31 to facilitate the installation of components on the component; a plurality of oval shaped openings are provided on the side of the bracket floating body 3. Air holes to reduce the wind receiving area; the upper mounting member 8 is provided with an L-shaped vertical spoke plate that cooperates with the component fixing ear plate 3.3, and the L-shaped vertical spoke plate is provided with a spoke hole 8.11. The spoke hole 8.11 is fixed with the small hole 3.31 of the component fixing ear plate 3.3, and the top of the L-shaped vertical spoke 8.1 is provided. A horizontal upward inclined plate 8.2, the upper surface of the inclined plate 8.2 is provided with an upper assembly hole 8.21, and the upper assembly hole 8.21 is fixedly fitted with the mounting hole of the photovoltaic module 6; the lower mounting member 9 is provided with an L-shaped fixing frame 9.1 A lower mounting hole 9.11 is opened on the bottom surface of the L-shaped fixing frame 9.1, and the lower mounting hole 9.11 is installed in cooperation with the bolt hole 2.61 of the horizontal plate 2.6. A vertical inclined support plate is provided on the top surface of the L-shaped fixing frame 9.1. 9.3 and a horizontally inclined lower mounting plate 9.2, the lower mounting plate 9.2 is in a zigzag shape, and a top surface of the lower mounting plate 9.2 is provided with a lower assembly hole 9.21, and the lower assembly hole 9.21 is fixedly fixed to the mounting hole of the photovoltaic module 6 (Such as Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3, Figure 4, Figure 5, Figure 6, Figure 7, Figure 8, Figure 9, Figure 10, Figure 11, Figure 12, Figure 12, (Figures 13, 14, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 27, 29, and 30).

The buoyancy verification calculation of the discrete support and maintenance channel independent support type surface photovoltaic power generation system is as follows:

For example, using a polycrystalline silicon module with a power of 295Wp and a size of 991mm × 1650mm, using 24 photovoltaic modules as a unit to calculate its bearing capacity is as follows:

Total load of surface photovoltaic power generation system:

Photovoltaic modules: 19 Kg / block × 24 = 456 kg;

Self-weight of floating body: aisle floating body: 3Kg / piece × 77 pieces = 231kg; connected floating body: 8 kg / piece × 40 pieces = 320kg; column floating body: 0.44kg / piece × 48 pieces = 21.12kg;

Installation and maintenance personnel: 4 persons × 75Kg / person = 300Kg;

Bracket and box-type substation: 50Kg / piece × 4 = 200Kg;

The total weight of the grid plate is about 84Kg.

If the safety factor of 2.0 is taken into account, the total bearing capacity is about 3224.24kg.

Total buoyancy of surface photovoltaic power generation system:

According to the buoyancy formula, the aisle buoyant body can provide buoyancy of 42kg / piece, the connected buoyancy body can provide buoyancy of 93kg / piece, and the column buoyancy body can provide buoyancy of 1.8kg / piece. The total buoyancy is: 42kg / piece × 77 pieces + 93 kg / piece × 40 pieces + 1.8 kg / piece * 48 pieces = 7040.4kg.

The proportion of gravity and buoyancy is about 45.8%.

Calculation of transmittance of photovoltaic power generation area:

According to Fig. 36, it is calculated that the effective light transmission area is 22.07 m ² , the total area is 104.14 m ² , and the light transmittance is 21.19%.

One side of the photovoltaic module 6 can also be fixed on the two column floating bodies 3 by upper mounting members 8 respectively, and one side of the photovoltaic module 6 is fixed and supported on the connecting floating body 2 by the column floating bodies 3; The other side of the photovoltaic module 6 is fixed to the connection floating body 2 by a lower mounting member 9; the upright floating body is columnar, and a convexity that is matched with the slot 2.3 connecting the floating body 2 is provided at the bottom of the upright floating body 3. Since the projection is provided with a screw matching the plum blossom hole 2.31 in the slot 2.3, the top of the column floating body 3 is provided with a component fixing ear plate, and the component fixing ear plate is provided with a small hole to facilitate the installation of the component Upper mounting parts; the size of the section floating body gradually decreases from bottom to top (such as Figure 15, Figure 16, Figure 17, Figure 18, Figure 19, Figure 20, Figure 26, Figure 28 As shown).

One side of the photovoltaic module 6 can also be directly fixed to the connecting floating body 2 through a long column-shaped integrated upper connecting piece 3, and the other side can be fixed to the connecting floating body 2 through a lower mounting piece 9; the connecting floating The body 2 is a rectangular parallelepiped. The middle part of the connecting floating body 2 is provided with a central hole 2.7 penetrating up and down, which reduces the mass of the floating body and enhances the structural strength of the floating body. The sink holes 2.2 are provided on both sides of the central hole 2.7. The sink groove 2.2 is provided with two-sided supporting ears 2.21 on both sides; the middle hole 2.7 is provided with a slot 2.3 on the short side, which can respectively fix the upper component connector and the lower component connector; the middle portion of the short side is provided separately There is a rectangular concave surface 2.4; the long columnar integrated upper connecting piece 3 is L-shaped, bolt holes are opened in the horizontal portion, and the vertical portion is a hollow structure, which can enhance the overall strength; Partly connected to the small rectangular concave surface 2.5 on one side of the connecting floating body 2; the upper part of the L-shaped long column-shaped integrated upper connector is provided with a horizontally inclined mounting plate, and the mounting plate is provided with bolt holes, which are connected to the photovoltaic module 6 Bolt holes on the top (as shown in Figure 31) , Figure 32, Figure 33, Figure 24, Figure 35).

Referring to the drawings, it can be known that the installation method of the discrete operation and maintenance channel independent support type surface photovoltaic power generation system includes the following steps:

Step 1: Fix the assembly hole 8.21 on the upper mounting member 8 with the mounting hole of the photovoltaic module 6 by bolts;

Step 2: Insert the lower screw 3.2 of the bracket floating body 3 or the column floating body into the slot 2.3 connected to the floating body 2 and tighten with the nut 13; or connect the lower part of the long column-shaped integrated upper connector with the bolt and connect the floating body 2 plum blossom holes 2.31 connected and fixed;

Step 3: The upper mounting member 8 of step 1 is fixedly connected to the small hole of the bracket floating body 3 or the small hole of the column floating body or the bolt hole of the long column-shaped integrated upper connecting member by bolts. The L-shaped fixing frame 9.1 buckles the lower edge of the 6 frame of the photovoltaic module, and after the lower mounting plate 9.2 is installed, the L-shaped fixing frame 9.1 and the lower mounting plate 9.2 are connected to the connection floating body 2 by bolts;

Step 4: Connect the aisle floating body 1 and the connection floating body 2 assembled in step 3 according to a mesh structure, and tighten and fix it with a side bolt 12 and a nut 13;

Step 5: Install a connecting member 5 between the two connecting floating bodies 2 at the front and rear of the gap between the aisle floating bodies 1 and fix the connecting member 5 to the front and rear connecting floating bodies 2 with bolts;

Step 6: Lay the grid plate 4 in the sinking groove 2.2 connected to the floating body 2 around the photovoltaic power generation area 1c, and fix the grid plate 4 to the embedded connection ear 2.21 connected to the floating body 2 with a mounting clip 14.1. Bolted

Step 7: Install a combiner box bracket or inverter bracket on the inside of the photovoltaic power generation area 1c on the floating body 2 without the bracket floating body 3 or the column floating body or the long column-shaped integrated upper connector and the photovoltaic module 6 as required. Used to fix inverters and cables.

In order to more clearly illustrate the advantages of the discrete operation and maintenance channel independent support type surface photovoltaic power generation system and installation method of the present invention compared with the conventional surface photovoltaic power generation system and installation method, the staff will The technical methods are compared, and the comparison results are as follows: Hydrophilic Light transmission Multipurpose Easy to assemble and expand Conventional water surface photovoltaic power generation system and installation method Small contact area between photovoltaic module and water surface The light transmittance on water surface is about 12% Can't be used for multiple purposes, different floating bodies need to be developed to meet different functional requirements Fixed assembly mode, unable to adjust the assembly form according to actual needs Discrete operation and maintenance channel independent support type surface photovoltaic power generation system and installation method Large contact area between photovoltaic module and water surface The light transmittance on water surface is about 21% Can be integrated and used for multiple purposes such as power generation, operation and maintenance, and electrical Can choose to install aisle floating body or pedal according to buoyancy, function, etc., which is convenient for installation and expansion

As can be seen from the table above, the discrete operation and maintenance channel independent support type surface photovoltaic power generation system and installation method according to the present invention have better hydrophilicity, higher light transmittance, and integration than the conventional surface photovoltaic power generation system and installation method. Versatile, easy to assemble and easy to expand.

The other unexplained parts belong to the conventional technology.

1: aisle floating body 1.1: connecting ear 1.1a: low first connecting ear 1.1b: high first connecting ear 1.1c: high second connecting ear 1.1d: low second connecting ear 1a: continuous operation and maintenance channel 1a. 1: Long aisle 1a.2: Wide aisle 1b: Operation and maintenance aisle 1c: Photovoltaic power generation area 1d: Power generation support network 1.2: Non-slip protrusions 1.3: Reinforcing ribs 1.4: Flow groove 1.5: Aisle floating body groove 2: Connection float Body 2.1: Mid-connecting ear plate 2.11: Single leaf plum hole 2.1a: First mid-connecting ear plate 2.1b: Second mid-connecting ear plate 2.1c: Third mid-connecting ear plate 2.1d: Fourth middle Position connection ear plate 2.2: sinker slot 2.21: embedded connection ear 2.3: slot 2.31: plum blossom hole 2.4: rectangular concave surface 2.5: rectangular small concave surface 2.6: horizontal plate 2.61: bolt hole 2.7: center hole 3: bracket floating body Or column floating body or long column-shaped integrated upper connector 3.1: rectangular protrusion 3.2: screw 3.3: module fixing ear plate 3.31: small hole 4: grid plate 5: connector 5.1: pedal 6: photovoltaic module 7: power generation Equipment 8: Upper mounting piece 8.1: L-shaped vertical spoke 8.11: spoke hole 8.2: inclined plate 8.21: Assembly hole 9: Lower mounting member 9.1: L-shaped fixing frame 9.11: Lower mounting hole 9.2: Lower mounting plate 9.21: Lower assembly hole 9.3: Support plate 10: Cable fixing bracket 10.1: Bottom beam 10.2: Feet 10.21: Cable slot box Fixing holes 10.3: Cable hoop 10.4: Cable fixing bracket screw holes 11: Equipment fixing brackets 11.1: High and low columns 11.2: Vertical beams 11.3: Beams 11.31: Beam holes 12: Side bolts 12.1: Round screw tables 12.2: Rod columns 12.21: Thread 12.3: Anti-rotation protrusion 13: Nut 13.1: Reinforcement fin 13.2: Anti-loosening protrusion 14: Mounting buckle 14.1: Mounting buckle hole

Figure 1 is the first schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

Figure 2 shows the structure of the photovoltaic power generation area.

FIG. 3 is a first schematic view of an assembly structure for connecting a floating body, a photovoltaic module, and a support floating body according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is the second schematic diagram of the assembly structure for connecting the floating body, photovoltaic module, and bracket floating body according to the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a first schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the aisle floating body of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is the second schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the aisle floating body of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is the first schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the connected floating body of the present invention.

Figure 8 is the second schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the connected floating body of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is the first schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the stent floating body of the present invention.

Figure 10 is the second schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the stent floating body of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a first schematic view of the three-dimensional structure of the upper mounting member of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a first schematic view of the three-dimensional structure of the lower mounting member of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is the first schematic view of the three-dimensional structure of the connecting member of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is the second schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the connecting member of the present invention.

Figure 15 is the second schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

FIG. 16 is a first schematic view of an assembly structure for connecting a floating body, a photovoltaic module, and a column floating body according to the present invention.

FIG. 17 is the second schematic diagram of the assembly structure for connecting the floating body, photovoltaic module, and column floating body according to the present invention.

FIG. 18 is the third schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the aisle floating body of the present invention.

FIG. 19 is a third schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the connecting floating body according to the present invention.

Fig. 20 is a first schematic view of the three-dimensional structure of the column floating body of the present invention.

FIG. 21 is a second schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the upper mounting member of the present invention.

FIG. 22 is a second schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the lower mounting member of the present invention.

FIG. 23 is a third schematic view of the three-dimensional structure of the lower mounting member of the present invention.

FIG. 24 is a schematic diagram of an assembly structure of a cable fixing bracket and a device fixing bracket according to the present invention.

FIG. 25 is a schematic structural diagram of a single cable fixing bracket according to the present invention.

FIG. 26 is a schematic structural diagram of a connecting floating body covered with a grid plate according to the present invention.

FIG. 27 is a schematic diagram of a grid plate mounting buckle structure of the present invention.

FIG. 28 is a schematic diagram of an assembly structure of two connected floating bodies according to the present invention.

FIG. 29 is a schematic view of the three-dimensional structure of the side-bolt screw of the present invention.

Figure 30 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the nut of the present invention.

Figure 31 is the fourth schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the connecting floating body of the present invention.

Fig. 32 is a first schematic view of the three-dimensional structure of the long column-shaped integrated upper connector of the present invention.

FIG. 33 is the second schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the long column-shaped integrated upper connector of the present invention.

FIG. 34 is a first schematic diagram of an assembly structure for connecting a floating body, a photovoltaic module, and a long column-shaped integrated upper connector according to the present invention.

FIG. 35 is a second schematic diagram of an assembly structure for connecting a floating body, a photovoltaic module, and a long column-shaped integrated upper connector according to the present invention.

Fig. 36 is the third structural diagram of the present invention.

In Figure 36, the shaded area pointed by R is the effective light transmission area.

Claims (12)

An independent support type surface photovoltaic power generation system with discrete operation and maintenance channels includes: continuous operation and maintenance channels (1a) around, the continuous operation and maintenance channels (1a) are closed rectangular structures; and the continuous operation and maintenance channels (1a) It is composed of a long channel (1a.1) in the length direction and a wide channel (1a.2) in the width direction. The long channel (1a.1) is composed of a plurality of aisle floating bodies (1) in the direction of both ends. The wide aisle (1a.2) is assembled by alternately arranging the aisle float (1) and the connecting float (2) along both sides; the upper floating float (2) in the wide aisle (1a.2) is laid over Grid plate (4); A plurality of operation and maintenance walkways (1b) in the width direction are provided in the continuous operation and maintenance channel (1a) around the space along the length direction, and the operation and maintenance walkway (1b) is connected to the floating body (2). ) And the walkway floating body (1) are alternately formed along the two sides, and the connecting float (2) is installed on the side wall of the walkway floating body (1); the operation and maintenance walkway (1b) will be continuous operation and maintenance channels (1a) around it Divided into a plurality of photovoltaic power generation areas (1c), the photovoltaic power generation area (1c) is provided with a power generation support network (1d); the power generation support network (1d) includes a plurality of rows of floating body groups and a plurality of aisle floating body groups The net-like structure assembled by forks, each row of connected floating body groups includes a plurality of connected floating bodies (2) along the width direction, and each row of aisle floating body groups includes a plurality of aisle floating bodies (1) along a length direction; the aisle floating The body (1) is provided with two pairs of connection ears (1.1) of different heights at four corners, and the connection ears (1.1) turn from the right to the left in order of the low first connection ear (1.1a) and the high first connection ear (1.1a). 1.1b), the second upper connecting ear (1.1c) and the second lower connecting ear (1.1d); the two ends of the connecting floating body (2) are provided with middle connecting ear plates (2.1) at the same height in the middle, The middle connection ear plate (2.1) is turned from left to right in turn, which is the first middle connection ear plate (2.1a), the second middle connection ear plate (2.1b), and the third middle connection ear plate (2.1c). ) And the fourth middle connecting ear plate (2.1d); the height of the middle connecting ear plate (2.1) is higher than the lower first connecting ear (1.1a) and the lower second connecting ear (1.1d), and lower than The high first connecting ear (1.1b) and the high second connecting ear (1.1c); the first middle connecting ear plate (2.1a) and the first connecting ear on the connecting floating body (2) at one end in each row of the floating body group. Four middle connecting ear plates (2.1d) are installed in the aisle respectively On the connecting ears (1.1) with different heights on the body (1); the second middle connecting ear plate (2.1b) is installed on the lower first connecting ear (1.1 d) of the aisle floating body (1), and the third The middle connecting ear plate (2.1c) is installed on the high first connecting ear (1.1c) of the aisle floating body (1); the third middle position of the connecting floating body (2) at the other end of each row of the floating body group The connecting ear plate (2.1c) and the second middle connecting ear plate (2.1b) are respectively installed on the connecting ears (1.1) of different heights of the aisle floating body (1), and the first middle connecting ear plate (2.1a) ) One end is installed on the lower first connecting ear (1.1 a) of the aisle floating body (1), and the fourth middle connecting ear plate (2.1d) is installed on the high first a connecting ear (1.1) of the aisle floating body (1). b) up; the first middle position connecting ear plate (2.1a), the second middle position connecting ear plate (2.1b), the third middle position connecting ear on the connection floating body (2) in the middle of each row of the floating body group The plate (2.1c) and the fourth intermediate connecting ear plate (2.1d) are respectively installed on the low first connecting ear (1.1a) and the low second connecting ear (1.1d) on different aisle floating bodies (1). , High second connecting ear (1.1c) and high first connecting ear (1.1b); the two ends of each row of aisle floating body group The aisle floating body (1) is fixed on the wide aisle (1a.2) and the operation and maintenance aisle (1b), and a photovoltaic module (6) or a power generating device (7) is connected to the floating body group in the power generation support network (1d). ), The power generating equipment (7) is fixed on the connecting floating body (2) by a cable fixing bracket (10) and a device fixing bracket (11); the interval between the connecting floating bodies (2) in each row of the connecting floating body group A connecting member (5) is provided; the connecting member (5) is a walkway floating body and / or a pedal (5.1). According to the discrete operation and maintenance channel independent support type surface photovoltaic power generation system described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, the ear plate of the connecting ear (1.1) on the aisle floating body (1) is provided with a single-leaf plum blossom mounting hole ( 1.11); the walkway floating body (1) is provided with non-slip protrusions (1.2) on the top surface, the walkway floating body (1) is provided with vertical stiffeners (1.3) in the circumferential side, and the walkway floating body (1) The bottom surface is provided with flowing water grooves (1.4) in different directions; the connecting floating body (2) is a rectangular parallelepiped, and the middle connecting ear plate (2.1) on the connecting floating body (2) is provided with a single-leaf plum blossom hole ( 2.11), the connecting floating body (2) is provided with a central hole (2.7) penetrating up and down, and two sides of the central hole (2.7) are provided with sink grooves (2.2), and the sink groove (2.2) is provided on both sides Built-in connecting ears (2.21) supported on three sides, bolt holes are provided at both ends of the embedded connecting ears (2.21), one end of the connecting floating body (2) is provided with a slot (2.3), and the slot (2.3 ) Is provided with a plum blossom hole (2.31); a rectangular concave surface (2.4) is provided in the middle of the circumferential end surface of the connecting floating body (2), and a rectangular small concave surface (2.5) and a horizontal plate (2.6) are provided in the rectangular concave surface (2.4); ), The horizontal plate (2.6) Portion defines a bolt hole (2.61). The discrete operation and maintenance channel independent support type surface photovoltaic power generation system according to item 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein when the connecting member (5) is an aisle floating body (1), the aisle floating body (1) is arranged in two Between two connecting floating bodies (2), and the connecting ears (1.1) of the aisle floating body (1) and the middle connecting ear plates (2.1) of the two connecting floating bodies (2) are fixed together; when the connecting member (5 When) is a pedal (5.1), the two ends of the pedal (5.1) are respectively mounted on two rectangular concave surfaces (2.4) connecting the floating body (2). The discrete operation and maintenance channel independent support type surface photovoltaic power generation system according to item 3 of the patent application scope, wherein the power generation equipment (7) includes a combiner box, an inverter, and a cable. The discrete operation and maintenance channel independent support type surface photovoltaic power generation system according to item 4 of the scope of patent application, wherein the cable fixing bracket (10) includes two mutually parallel bottom beams (10.1), and one end of the bottom beam (10.1) A foot (10.2) for arranging a cable or a cable tray is provided. The foot (10.2) is provided with a cable tray fixing hole (10.21), and the other end of the bottom beam (10.1) is provided with a cable hoop (10.3). A cable fixing bracket screw hole (10.4) is provided between the support leg (10.2) and the cable hoop (10.3). The discrete operation and maintenance channel independent support type surface photovoltaic power generation system according to item 5 of the patent application scope, wherein the combiner box and the inverter are fixedly installed on the connecting floating body through the combiner box bracket or the inverter bracket (2) The combiner box bracket includes a cable fixing bracket (10) and a device fixing bracket (11), the inverter bracket includes a cable fixing bracket (10) and a device fixing bracket (11), and the device fixing bracket (11) includes a setting Two pairs of high and low uprights (11.1) on two mutually parallel bottom beams (10.1). The high and low uprights (11.1) are provided with a vertical beam (11.2) and a horizontal beam (11.3) parallel to the bottom beam (10.1). A beam hole (11.31) is provided at each end, and the beam hole (11.31) is matched with the mounting hole of the combiner box or the inverter. The discrete operation and maintenance channel independent support type surface photovoltaic power generation system according to item 6 of the scope of patent application, wherein the grid plate (4) is fixed on the sinker (2.2) by a mounting buckle (14); the installation The buckle (14) is M-shaped. A mounting buckle hole (14.1) is provided on the central plane of the mounting buckle (14); when in use, the M-shaped mounting buckle (14.1) is buckled on the grid plate (4). The mounting buckle hole (14.1) is connected with the embedded connection ear (2.21). The connection ear (1.1) and the middle connection ear plate (2.1) are connected by a side bolt (12) and a nut (13). Fixed; the connecting ear (1.1) and the connecting ear (1.1) are fixed by a side fixing bolt (12) and a nut (13); the side fixing bolt (12) includes a circular screw table (12.1) and a rod A post (12.2), a thread (12.21) is provided at the lower end of the post (12.2), and an anti-rotation protrusion (12.3) is provided on the outer wall of the post (12.2) between the thread (12.21) and the circular screw table (12.1) ); The outer surface of the nut (13) is provided with reinforcing fins (13.1), and a locking protrusion (13.2) is provided on the contact surface of the nut. The discrete operation and maintenance channel independent support type surface photovoltaic power generation system according to item 6 of the patent application scope, wherein ear plate holes are provided on the connecting ear (1.1) and the middle connecting ear plate, and the connecting ear (1.1) and the middle The corresponding ear plate holes on the connecting ear plate (2.1) are bolt holes. The connecting ears (1.1) at the four corners of the floating body (1) and the middle connecting ear plates (4) at the two corners of the floating body (2). 2.1) The upper parts are connected by steel bolts. The discrete operation and maintenance channel independent support type surface photovoltaic power generation system according to item 8 of the scope of patent application, wherein one side of the photovoltaic module (6) is fixed on the support floating body (3) by an upper mounting member (8), The other side is fixed to the connecting floating body (2) by a lower mounting member (9); the bracket floating body (3) is a zigzag thin plate-like structure, and both sides of the bracket floating body (3) protrude outward; the connecting floating body The slot (2.3) on the body (2) is in communication with the rectangular concave surface (2.4) provided with a small rectangular concave surface (2.5); the bottom of the support floating body (3) is provided with a rectangular protrusion that cooperates with the slot (2.3) (3.1), the rectangular protrusion (3.1) is provided with two screws (3.2) that cooperate with the plum blossom holes (2.31) in the slot (2.3), and the middle part of the top end of the bracket floating body (3) is semi-arc, A part fixing ear plate (3.3) is provided at a part protruding outward on both sides of the semi-arc. The component fixing ear plate (3.3) is provided with a small hole (3.31); a side body of the bracket floating body (3) is provided. A plurality of oval-shaped air passage holes; the upper mounting member (8) is provided with an L-shaped vertical spoke plate that cooperates with the component fixing ear plate (3.3), and the L-shaped vertical spoke plate is provided with a spoke hole (8.11) , The spoke hole (8.11) and the component fixing ear plate The small hole (3.31) of (3.3) is fitted and fixed. The top of the L-shaped vertical spoke (8.1) is provided with a horizontal upward inclined plate (8.2), and the upper surface of the inclined plate (8.2) is provided with an upper assembly hole (8.21). The upper assembly hole (8.21) is fixed in cooperation with the mounting hole of the photovoltaic module (6); the lower mounting member (9) is provided with an L-shaped fixing frame (9.1), and the bottom surface of the L-shaped fixing frame (9.1) is provided with a lower installation Hole (9.11), the lower mounting hole (9.11) is installed in cooperation with the bolt hole (2.61) of the horizontal plate (2.6), and the top surface of the L-shaped fixing frame (9.1) is provided with a vertically inclined support plate (9.3) and a horizontal An inclined lower mounting plate (9.2), the lower mounting plate (9.2) is in a zigzag shape, and a top surface of the lower mounting plate (9.2) is provided with a lower assembly hole (9.21), the lower assembly hole (9.21) and a photovoltaic module (6) ) The mounting holes are fixed together. The discrete operation and maintenance channel independent support type surface photovoltaic power generation system according to item 8 of the scope of patent application, wherein one side of the photovoltaic module (6) is respectively fixed to two column floating bodies (3) by upper mounting members (8). ), One side of the photovoltaic module (6) is fixedly supported on the connecting floating body (2) by a column floating body; the other side of the photovoltaic module (6) is fixed on the connecting floating body (9) by a lower mounting member (9). 2) up; the upright floating body is columnar, the bottom of the upright floating body is provided with a protrusion matching the slot (2.3) connected to the floating body (2), and the protrusion is provided with the slot (2.3) For the screw with a plum blossom hole (2.31), the top of the column floating body is provided with a component fixing ear plate, and the component fixing ear plate is provided with a small hole; the cross-sectional size of the column floating body (3) gradually decreases from bottom to top. The discrete operation and maintenance channel independent support type surface photovoltaic power generation system according to item 8 of the scope of patent application, wherein one side of the photovoltaic module (6) is directly fixed to the connecting float by a long column-shaped integrated upper connecting piece (3). On the body (2), the other side is fixed on the connecting floating body (2) by a lower mounting member (9); the long upright integrated upper connecting member (3) is L-shaped, and bolt holes are opened in the horizontal part, The vertical part is a hollow structure; the horizontal part of the long upright integrated upper connecting piece (3) is connected to the small rectangular concave surface (2.5) on the side of the connecting floating body (2); the L-shaped long upright integrated upper connecting piece ( 3) The upper part is provided with a horizontally inclined mounting plate, and a bolt hole is opened on the mounting plate, and the bolt hole is fixedly matched with the bolt hole on the photovoltaic module (6). A method for installing a discrete-type operation and maintenance channel independent support type surface photovoltaic power generation system according to any one of the scope of application for patents Nos. 1 to 11 includes the following steps: Step 1: Install the upper mounting member (8) The assembly hole (8.21) on the upper part is fixed with the mounting hole of the photovoltaic module (6) by bolts; Step 2: Insert the lower screw (3.2) of the bracket floating body (3) or the column floating body into the slot connecting the floating body (2) (2.3) and tighten with the nut (13); or connect the lower part of the long column-shaped integrated upper connector to the plum blossom hole (2.31) of the floating body (2) by bolts; Step 3: Connect the upper part of step 1 The mounting member (8) is fixedly connected with the bolt hole of the bracket floating body (3) or the small hole of the column floating body or the bolt hole of the long column-shaped integrated upper connecting member, and the L-shape of the lower mounting member (9) is fixedly connected. The fixing frame (9.1) buckles the lower edge of the frame of the photovoltaic module (6), and the L-shaped fixing frame (9.1) and the lower mounting plate (9.2) are connected to the connecting floating body (2) by bolts after the lower mounting plate (9.2) is installed. Step 4: Connect the aisle floating body (1) and the connecting floating body (2) assembled in step 3 according to the mesh structure, and screw it with the side bolt (12) and the nut (13). Step 5: Install the connecting piece (5) between the two connecting floating bodies (2) on the front and back of the gap between the aisle floating body (1), and fix the connecting piece (5) with the front and rear connecting floating bodies (2) with bolts. Step 6: Grid panels (4) are laid in the sunken tank (2.2) connected to the floating body (2) around the photovoltaic power generation area (1c), and the grid panels (4) are fixed to the connection with mounting clips (14.1) The embedded connection ears (2.21) of the floating body (2) are fixed with bolts; Step 7: The photovoltaic power generation area (1c) is integrated with an unsupported floating body (3) or a column floating body or a long column according to the needs. A connection box bracket or an inverter bracket is installed on the connecting member and the connecting floating body (2) of the photovoltaic module (6).