TWI659010B - Electrolyte composition and metal-ion battery employing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The disclosure provides an electrolyte composition and a metal ion battery including the same. The electrolyte composition includes a metal halide; a solvent, wherein the solvent is a halogen-containing ionic liquid or an organic solvent, and the molar ratio of the metal halide to the solvent is 1: 1 to 2.2: 1; and, a Additive, wherein the amount of the additive is 0.1-25 wt%, based on the total weight of the metal halide and the solvent. The additive is monochloroethane, trichloroethylene, dichloroethane, trichloroethane, phosphorus trichloride, phosphorus pentachloride, methylpyridine, methyl nicotinate, or a combination thereof.

Description

Electrolyte composition and metal ion battery containing the same

The present disclosure relates to an electrolyte composition and a metal ion battery including the same.

Aluminum is very abundant in the earth, and electronic devices using aluminum as a material have a lower cost. Because aluminum has low flammability and electronic redox properties, it greatly improves the safety of metal ion batteries in use.

However, the electrolyte composition used in conventional metal ion batteries has poor conductivity, resulting in insufficient capacity and short battery life of metal ion batteries.

Therefore, the industry needs a new electrolyte composition to solve the above problems.

According to an embodiment of the disclosure, the disclosure provides an electrolyte composition including: a metal halide; a solvent; and, an additive. The solvent is a halogen-containing ionic liquid or an organic solvent, and the molar ratio of the metal halide to the solvent is 1: 1 to 2.2: 1. The additive is added in an amount of 0.1-25% by weight, based on the total weight of the metal halide and the solvent. And, the additive is monochloroethane, trichloroethylene, dichloroethane, trichloroethane, phosphorus trichloride, phosphorus pentachloride, methylpyridine, methyl nicotinate, or a combination thereof.

According to an embodiment of the disclosure, the disclosure also provides a metal ion battery including: a positive electrode; a separator; a negative electrode, wherein the negative electrode is separated from the positive electrode by a separator; and the electrolyte composition is disposed on the positive electrode And the negative electrode.

10‧‧‧Positive

11‧‧‧Current collector layer

12‧‧‧ Negative

13‧‧‧active materials

14‧‧‧ isolation film

20‧‧‧ Electrolyte composition

100‧‧‧ metal ion battery

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a metal ion battery according to an example of the present disclosure; FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the electrolyte composition of Examples 1-5 and Comparative Example 1 having 1,2-dichloroethane and conductivity. A relationship diagram; and FIG. 3 is a relationship diagram of 1,2-dichloroethane and conductivity of the electrolyte compositions described in Examples 6-11 and Comparative Example 2 of the present disclosure.

The electrolyte composition and metal ion battery described in this disclosure are described in detail below. It should be understood that the following description provides many different embodiments or examples for implementing different aspects of the present disclosure. The specific components and arrangements described below are only a brief description of this disclosure. Of course, these are only examples and not the limitations of this disclosure. In addition, duplicate numbers or designations may be used in different embodiments. These repetitions are merely for the purpose of simply and clearly describing this disclosure, and do not imply any relevance between the different embodiments and / or structures discussed. And in the drawings, the shape, number, or thickness of the embodiments can be enlarged and simplified or conveniently labeled. In addition, the components of the drawings will be described separately. It is worth noting that the components not shown or described in the drawings are in a form known to those skilled in the art in the art. In addition, the specific The embodiments are only used to disclose specific methods used in this disclosure, and they are not intended to limit this disclosure.

The disclosure provides an electrolyte composition and a metal ion battery including the same. According to an embodiment of the disclosure, the electrolyte composition is in addition to a metal halide and a solvent. In addition, it further contains an additive with a specific content, which can improve the conductivity of the electrolyte composition, increase the capacity of the metal ion battery, shorten the charging time, and extend the cycle life of the metal ion battery.

According to the disclosed embodiment, the electrolyte composition may include a metal halide; a solvent; and, an additive. The solvent is a halogen-containing ionic liquid or an organic solvent, and the molar ratio of the metal halide to the solvent may be about 1: 1 to 2.2: 1. For example, the molar ratio of the metal halide to the solvent may be about 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, 1.8, 1.9, 2.0, 2.1, or 2.2. And, the additive may be monochloroethane, trichloroethylene, dichloroethane, trichloroethane, phosphorus trichloride, phosphorus pentachloride, methylpypyidine , Methyl nicotinate, or a combination thereof.

According to the disclosed embodiment, the dichloroethane may be 1,1-dichloroethane, or 1,2-dichloroethane; the trichloroethane may be 1,1,1-trichloroethane, Or 1,1,2-trichloroethane.

According to the disclosed embodiment, the additive is added in an amount of about 0.1-25% by weight (for example, 0.5% by weight, 1% by weight, 2% by weight, 3% by weight, 4% by weight, 5% by weight, 6% by weight, 7% by weight, 8% by weight, 9% by weight, 10wt%, 11wt%, 12wt%, 13wt%, 14wt%, 15wt%, 16wt%, 17wt%, 18wt%, 19wt%, 20wt%, 21wt%, 22wt%, 23wt%, or 24wt%) to the metal The total weight of the halide and the solvent is based. If the amount of the additive is too low, the purpose of improving the conductivity of the electrolyte composition cannot be achieved. If the amount of the additive is too high, the active material content used for intercalation will be diluted, and the total capacitance will decrease.

According to the disclosed embodiment, the metal halide may be a metal chloride, such as aluminum chloride, iron chloride, zinc chloride, copper chloride, manganese chloride, chromium chloride, or a combination thereof.

According to the disclosed embodiment, when the solvent is a halogen-containing ionic liquid, the molar ratio of the metal halide to the halogen-containing ionic liquid may be about 1: 1 to 2.2: 1. For example, the molar ratio of the metal halide to the halogen-containing ionic liquid may be about 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, 1.8, 1.9, 2.0, 2.1, or 2.2.

According to the disclosed embodiment, the halogen-containing ionic liquid is a salt having a melting point lower than 100 ° C. According to the disclosed embodiment, the halogen-containing ionic liquid may be a chlorine-containing ionic liquid. According to the disclosed embodiment, the halogen-containing ionic liquid may include ammonium chloride, azaannulenium chloride, azathiazolium chloride, benzimidazolium chloride Salt (benzimidazolium chloride), benzofuranium chloride (benzofuranium chloride), benzotriazolium chloride (benzotriazolium chloride), boronium chloride (borolium chloride), choline chloride (cholinium chloride) , Cinnolinium chloride, diazabicyclodecenium chloride, diazabicyclononenium chloride, diazabicyclononenium chloride, diazabicycloundenium chloride Diazabicyclo-undecenium chloride, dithiazolium chloride, furanium chloride, guanidinium chloride, imidazolium chloride, indazolium Indazolium chloride, indolinium chloride, indolium chloride, morpholinium chloride, oxalopentenium Oxaborolium chloride, oxaphospholium chloride, oxazinium chloride, oxazolium chloride, iso-oxazolium chloride), oxathiazolium chloride, pentazolium chloride (pentazolium chloride), phosphoryl chloride, phosphorium chloride, phthalazinium chloride, phthalazinium chloride, piperazinium chloride, piperidinium Piperidinium chloride, pyranium chloride, pyrazinium chloride, pyrazolium chloride, pyridazinium chloride, pyridinium chloride Salt (pyridinium chloride), pyrimidinium chloride, pyrrolidinium chloride, pyrrolium chloride, quinazolinium chloride, quinazolinium chloride (quinolinium chloride), iso-quinolinium chloride, quinoxalinium chloride, selenozolium chloride, sulfonium chloride, tetrazole Tetrazolium chloride, iso-thiadiazolium chloride, thiazinium chloride, thiazolium chloride, thiophe nium chloride, thiuronium chloride, triazadecenium chloride, triazinium chloride, triazolium chloride, isotriazole Iso-triazolium chloride, or uronium chloride.

According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the halogen-containing ionic liquid may be methylimidazolium chloride, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride , 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, cholinium chloride, or a combination thereof.

According to the disclosed embodiment, when the additive used is 1,2-dichloroethane Since 1,2-dichloroethane is a solvent with a high dielectric constant, it is compatible with the halogen-containing ionic liquid, and the obtained electrolyte composition can be suitable for operation at high temperatures.

According to the disclosed embodiment, when the solvent is an organic solvent, the molar ratio of the metal halide to the organic solvent may be about 1: 1 to 2.2: 1. For example, the molar ratio of the metal halide to the organic solvent may be about 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, 1.8, 1.9, 2.0, 2.1, or 2.2. The organic solvent may be urea, N-methylurea, dimethyl sulfoxide, methylsulfonylmethane, or a mixture thereof.

According to the embodiment of the disclosure, the electrolyte composition described in the disclosure can be applied in an electroplating process or an electrolytic process. In addition, according to the disclosed embodiments, the electrolyte composition described in the present disclosure can also be applied to metal ion batteries.

According to an embodiment of the disclosure, the disclosure also provides a metal ion battery. Please refer to FIG. 1, which is a schematic diagram of a metal ion battery 100 according to an embodiment of the disclosure. The metal ion battery 100 may include a positive electrode 10, a negative electrode 12, and a separator 14. The separator 14 may be disposed between the positive electrode 10 and the negative electrode 12 so that the negative electrode uses the separator 14 and the positive electrode. Separately, avoid direct contact between the positive electrode 10 and the negative electrode 12. The metal ion battery 100 includes the above-mentioned electrolyte composition 20 disposed in the metal ion battery 100 and located between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, so that the electrolyte composition 20 is in contact with the positive electrode 10 and the negative electrode 12. The metal ion battery 100 may be a rechargeable secondary battery, but the disclosure also covers primary batteries.

According to the disclosed embodiment, the positive electrode 10 may include a current collector layer 11 and an active material 13 disposed on the current collector layer 11. According to the disclosed embodiment, the positive electrode 10 may also be composed of the current collecting layer 11 and the active material 13. According to the disclosed embodiment, the current collecting layer 11 may be a conductive carbon substrate, such as a carbon cloth, a carbon felt, or a carbon paper. The current collecting layer 11 may also be made of a metal material such as aluminum, nickel, copper, or the like. In addition, the current collecting layer 11 may be a composite layer of a carbon material and a metal. For example, the conductive carbon substrate may have a sheet resistance between about 1 mΩ. cm ² to 6mΩ. cm ² , and the carbon content is greater than about 65 wt%. The active material 13 may be a carbon material having a layered structure, a vanadium-based oxide, a metal sulfide, or an agglomerate of the above materials. According to the embodiment of the disclosure, the carbon material having a layered structure is graphite, carbon nanotubes, graphene, or a combination thereof.

According to the disclosed embodiment, the carbon material having a layered structure may be intercalated carbon material, such as: graphite (including natural graphite, artificial graphite, pyrolytic graphite, expanded graphite, flaky graphite, or expanded graphite), graphene , Nano carbon tubes or a combination of the above materials. The active material 13 may have a porosity between about 0.05 and 0.95, such as between about 0.3 and 0.9. In addition, according to the disclosed embodiment, the active material 13 can be directly grown on the current collecting layer 11 (that is, there is no medium between the two), or the active material 13 can be fixed to the current collecting layer by using an adhesive. 11 on.

According to the embodiment of the disclosure, the material of the isolation film 14 may be glass fiber, polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (Polypropylene, PP), non-woven fabric, wood fiber, poly (ether sulfones), PES ), Ceramic fiber, etc. or a combination of the above.

According to the disclosed embodiment, the negative electrode 12 is a metal or a metal-containing alloy. According to the disclosed embodiment, the metal may be aluminum, copper, iron, indium, nickel, tin, chromium, yttrium, titanium, manganese, or molybdenum. In addition, the negative electrode 12 may further include a current collecting layer (not shown), and the metal or metal-containing alloy is disposed on the current collecting layer. According to the embodiment of the disclosure, the metal or metal-containing alloy can be directly grown on the current collecting layer (that is, there is no medium between the two), or the metal or the metal-containing alloy is fixed to This collector layer. According to the embodiment of the disclosure, the metal may be gold having a reduction potential smaller than that of aluminum. It is used to improve the corrosion problem of metal ion battery negative electrode.

In order to make the above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present disclosure more comprehensible, several examples and comparative examples are given below for detailed description as follows: Preparation of electrolyte composition

Comparative Example 1

Aluminum chloride was mixed with 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride. After continuously stirring for 12 hours, an electrolyte composition (1) was obtained, in which the molar ratio of aluminum chloride to 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride was 1.5 to 1 . The conductivity of the electrolyte composition (1) was measured, and the results are shown in Fig. 2 and Table 1.

Example 1

5 parts by weight of 1,2-dichloroethane was mixed with 100 parts by weight of the electrolyte composition (1). After continuously stirring for 12 hours, an electrolyte composition (2) was obtained. The conductivity of the electrolyte composition (2) was measured, and the results are shown in Fig. 2 and Table 1.

Example 2

The electrolyte composition (2) was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 1,2-dichloroethane was reduced from 5 parts by weight to 10 parts by weight to obtain the electrolyte composition (3). The conductivity of the electrolyte composition (3) was measured, and the results are shown in Fig. 2 and Table 1.

Example 3

According to the method for preparing the electrolyte composition (2) described in Example 1, except that 1,2-dichloroethane was reduced from 5 parts by weight to 15 parts by weight, the electrolyte composition (4) was obtained. The conductivity of the electrolyte composition (4) was measured, and the results are shown in Fig. 2 and Table 1.

Example 4

According to the preparation method of the electrolyte composition (2) described in Example 1, except that The 1,2-dichloroethane was increased from 5 parts by weight to 20 parts by weight to obtain an electrolyte composition (5). The conductivity of the electrolyte composition (5) was measured, and the results are shown in Fig. 2 and Table 1.

Example 5

According to the method for preparing the electrolyte composition (2) described in Example 1, except that the 1,2-dichloroethane is reduced from 5 parts by weight to 25 parts by weight, the electrolyte composition (6) is obtained. The conductivity of the electrolyte composition (6) was measured, and the results are shown in Fig. 2 and Table 1.

As can be seen from Table 1, the conductivity measured without adding 1,2-dichloroethane was 9.53ms / cm, and as the concentration of 1,2-dichloroethane increased, the conductivity of the electrolyte composition also gradually increased. . When the 1,2-dichloroethane concentration is 25% by weight, the conductivity of the electrolyte composition can reach 15.32ms / cm.

Comparative Example 2

Aluminum chloride is mixed with urea. After stirring continuously for 12 hours, an electrolyte composition (7) was obtained, in which the molar ratio of aluminum chloride to urea was 1.6 to 1. The conductivity of the electrolyte composition (7) was measured, and the results are shown in FIG. 3 and Table 2.

Example 6

0.115 parts by weight of 1,2-dichloroethane was mixed with 100 parts by weight of the electrolyte composition (7). After continuously stirring for 12 hours, an electrolyte composition (8) was obtained. The conductivity of the electrolyte composition (8) was measured, and the results are shown in FIG. 3 and Table 2.

Example 7

According to the preparation method of the electrolyte composition (8) described in Example 6, except that the 1,2-dichloroethane is reduced from 0.115 parts by weight to 0.383 parts by weight, the electrolyte composition (9) is obtained. The conductivity of the electrolyte composition (9) was measured, and the results are shown in FIG. 3 and Table 2.

Example 8

According to the preparation method of the electrolyte composition (8) described in Example 6, except that the 1,2-dichloroethane is increased from 0.115 parts by weight to 1.141 parts by weight, the electrolyte composition (10) is obtained. The conductivity of the electrolyte composition (10) was measured, and the results are shown in FIG. 3 and Table 2.

Example 9

According to the preparation method of the electrolyte composition (8) described in Example 6, except that the 1,2-dichloroethane is reduced from 0.115 parts by weight to 2.072 parts by weight, the electrolyte composition (11) is obtained. The conductivity of the electrolyte composition (11) was measured, and the results are shown in FIG. 3 and Table 2.

Example 10

According to the preparation method of the electrolyte composition (8) described in Example 6, except that the 1,2-dichloroethane is reduced from 0.115 parts by weight to 3.704 parts by weight, the electrolyte composition (12) is obtained. The conductivity of the electrolyte composition (12) was measured, and the results are shown in FIG. 3 and Table 2.

Example 11

According to the preparation method of the electrolyte composition (8) described in Example 6, except that the drop of 1,2-dichloroethane was increased from 0.115 parts by weight to 5.455 parts by weight, the electrolyte composition (13) was obtained. The conductivity of the electrolyte composition (13) was measured, and the results are shown in FIG. 3 and Table 2.

As can be seen from Table 2, the conductivity measured without adding 1,2-dichloroethane was 0.883 ms / cm, and as the concentration of 1,2-dichloroethane increased, the conductivity of the electrolyte composition also gradually increased. . When the c concentration is 5.455wt%, the conductivity of the electrolyte composition can reach 1.385ms / cm. The addition of 1,2-dichloroethane can increase the conductivity of an electrolyte composition containing aluminum chloride and urea. As can be seen from Table 2, when 1,2-dichloroethane was added, the conductivity increased by 57% (compared with the electrolyte composition (7) (without 1,2-dichloroethane added)).

Comparative Example 3

Aluminum chloride was mixed with 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride. After continuously stirring for 12 hours, an electrolyte composition (14) was obtained, in which the molar ratio of aluminum chloride to 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride was 1.6 to 1.

Example 12

3 parts by weight of methylpyridine was mixed with 100 parts by weight of the electrolyte composition (14). After continuously stirring for 12 hours, an electrolyte composition (15) was obtained.

Example 13

3 parts by weight of methyl nicotinate was mixed with 100 parts by weight of the electrolyte composition (14). After continuously stirring for 12 hours, an electrolyte composition (16) was obtained.

Metal ion battery

Comparative Example 4

An aluminum foil having a thickness of 0.05 mm is provided and cut to obtain an aluminum electrode. Next, an isolation film (glass filter paper (two layers), product number is Whatman GFA) and a graphite electrode (including an active material disposed on a current collector substrate, wherein the current collector substrate is carbon fiber paper, The active material is natural graphite (302.82mg)). Next, an aluminum electrode (as a negative electrode), a separator, and a graphite electrode (as a positive electrode) are arranged in this order, and an aluminum plastic film is used to encapsulate and inject the electrolyte composition (14) (aluminum chloride (AlCl ₃ ) / chlorine 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([EMIm] Cl), wherein the molar ratio of AlCl ₃ to [EMIm] Cl is about 1.6: 1) to obtain metal ions Battery (1). Next, use the NEWARE battery analyzer to measure the battery performance of the obtained aluminum ion battery (1) (the measurement conditions are: charging current 500mA / g, cut-off voltage 2.45V, discharge current 500mA / g, cut-off voltage 1V), and we can get The discharge capacity and cycle life of the metal ion battery (1) are shown in Table 3.

Example 14

An aluminum foil having a thickness of 0.05 mm is provided and cut to obtain an aluminum electrode. Next, an isolation film (glass filter paper (two layers), product number is Whatman GFA) and a graphite electrode (including an active material disposed on a current collector substrate, wherein the current collector substrate is carbon fiber paper, The active material is natural graphite (346 mg)). Next, an aluminum electrode (as a negative electrode), a separator, and a graphite electrode (as a negative electrode) (Positive). Next, it is encapsulated with an aluminum plastic film and injected into the electrolyte composition (15) to obtain a metal ion battery (2). Next, use the NEWARE battery analyzer to measure the battery performance (2) of the obtained aluminum ion battery (the measurement conditions are: charging current 500mA / g, cut-off voltage 2.45V, discharge current 500mA / g, cut-off voltage 1V), and we get The discharge gram capacity and cycle life of the metal ion battery (2) are shown in Table 3.

Example 15

An aluminum foil having a thickness of 0.05 mm is provided and cut to obtain an aluminum electrode. Next, an isolation film (glass filter paper (two layers), product number is Whatman GFA) and a graphite electrode (including an active material disposed on a current collector substrate, wherein the current collector substrate is carbon fiber paper, The active material is natural graphite (349 mg)). Next, an aluminum electrode (as a negative electrode), a separator, and a graphite electrode (as a positive electrode) are arranged in this order, and then an aluminum plastic film is used to encapsulate and inject the electrolyte composition (16) to obtain a metal ion battery (3). . Next, use the NEWARE battery analyzer to measure the battery efficiency of the obtained aluminum ion battery (3) (the measurement conditions are: charging current 500mA / g, cut-off voltage 2.45V, discharge current 500mA / g, cut-off voltage 1V), and we get The discharge gram capacity and cycle life of the metal ion battery (3) are shown in Table 3.

It can be known from Table 3 that the metal ion battery (1) without additives has a discharge gram capacity of only 39 (mAh / g), and the capacity can maintain 80% of the original capacity. The above cycle life is only 180 cycles. The metal ion battery (2) using an electrolyte composition added with methylpyridine has a 1.128-fold increase in discharge capacity and a cycle life of 2.16 times in which the capacity can maintain more than 80% of the original capacity. In addition, the metal ion battery (3) using an electrolyte composition containing methyl nicotinate has a low discharge gram capacity, but the cycle life of which can maintain 80% of the original capacity is increased by 5.55 times.

Although the present disclosure has been disclosed above in several embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present disclosure. Any person with ordinary knowledge in the technical field can make any changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the scope of protection of this disclosure shall be determined by the scope of the appended patent application.

Claims (15)

An electrolyte composition comprising: a metal halide; a solvent, wherein the solvent is a halogen-containing ionic liquid or an organic solvent, and the molar ratio of the metal halide to the solvent is 1: 1 to 2.2: 1; and An additive, wherein the additive amount is 0.1-25% by weight, based on the total weight of the metal halide and the solvent, wherein the additive is phosphorus trichloride, phosphorus pentachloride, methylpyridine, methyl nicotinate Ester, or a combination thereof. The electrolyte composition according to item 1 of the application, wherein the metal halide is aluminum chloride, iron chloride, zinc chloride, copper chloride, manganese chloride, chromium chloride, or a combination thereof. The electrolyte composition according to item 1 of the application, wherein the halogen-containing ionic liquid includes ammonium chloride, azaannulenium chloride, and azathiazolium. chloride), benzimidazolium chloride, benzofuranium chloride, benzotriazolium chloride, boronium chloride, Cholinium chloride, cinnolinium chloride, diazabicyclodecenium chloride, diazabicyclononenium chloride, diazabicyclononenium chloride Azazabicyclo-undecenium chloride, dithiazolium chloride, furanium chloride, guanidinium chloride, imidazolium chloride (imidazolium chloride), indazolium chloride, indolinium chloride, indolium chloride, morpholinium chloride hloride), oxaborolium chloride, oxaphospholium chloride, oxazinium chloride, oxazolium chloride , Iso-oxazolium chloride, oxathiazolium chloride, pentazolium chloride, phosphoryl chloride, phosphonium chloride Phosphonium chloride, phthalazinium chloride, piperazinium chloride, piperidinium chloride, pyranium chloride, pyrazinium chloride Salt (pyrazinium chloride), pyrazolium chloride, pyridazinium chloride, pyridinium chloride, pyrimidinium chloride, pyrrolidinium chloride (pyridinium chloride) pyrrolidinium chloride, pyrrolium chloride, quinazolinium chloride, quinolinium chloride, iso-quinolinium chloride, quinoxaline Onium chloride Quinoxalinium chloride, selenozolium chloride, sulfonium chloride, tetrazolium chloride, iso-thiadiazolium chloride, thiothiazolium chloride Thiazinium chloride, thiazolium chloride, thiophenium chloride, thiuronium chloride, triazadecenium chloride, Triazinium chloride, triazolium chloride, iso-triazolium chloride, or uronium chloride. The electrolyte composition according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the organic solvent is urea, N-methylurea, dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethylsulfonium ( methylsulfonylmethane), or a mixture thereof. The electrolyte composition according to item 1 of the patent application scope, wherein the halogen-containing ionic liquid includes methylimidazolium chloride, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (1-ethyl -3-methylimidazolium chloride), 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, cholinium chloride, or a combination thereof. A metal ion battery includes: a positive electrode; a separator; a negative electrode, wherein the negative electrode is separated from the positive electrode by a separator; and an electrolyte composition according to item 1 of the patent application scope, which is disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. between. The metal ion battery according to item 6 of the application, wherein the positive electrode is composed of a current collecting layer and an active material. The metal ion battery according to item 7 of the patent application scope, wherein the current collecting layer is a conductive carbon substrate. The metal ion battery according to item 8 of the application, wherein the conductive carbon substrate is a carbon cloth, a carbon felt, or a carbon paper. The metal ion battery according to item 7 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the active material is a carbon material having a layered structure, a vanadium-based oxide, or a metal sulfide. The metal ion battery according to item 10 of the scope of patent application, wherein the carbon material having a layered structure is graphite, carbon nanotubes, graphene, or a combination thereof. The metal ion battery according to item 11 of the application, wherein the graphite is natural graphite, artificial graphite, pyrolytic graphite, expanded graphite, flaky graphite, expanded graphite, or a combination of the foregoing materials. The metal ion battery according to item 6 of the patent application scope, wherein the negative electrode comprises a metal or an alloy thereof, a current collecting layer, or a combination thereof. The metal ion battery according to item 13 of the application, wherein the metal or its alloy includes aluminum, copper, iron, zinc, indium, nickel, tin, chromium, yttrium, titanium, manganese, or molybdenum. According to the metal ion battery described in item 6 of the patent application scope, the separator is glass fiber, polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (Polypropylene, PP), non-woven fabric, wood fiber, polyether resin (Poly (ether sulfones), PES), ceramic fibers, or a combination thereof.