TWI657961B - Electric tricycle transmission system - Google Patents

Abstract

A transmission system for an electric tricycle includes a frame body, a drive motor, a gearbox, and a shifting mechanism. The connecting shaft sleeve of the gearbox is embedded in the power output shaft of the drive motor. The planetary gear set of the gearbox is provided in the connection. A shaft sleeve comprising a sun gear, a plurality of planetary gears and a central shaft thereof, a torque input planet carrier, a planet carrier torque output member, and an outer ring gear; the sun gear has a first contact surface, and the torque input planet carrier has a second contact surface; The clutch of the gearbox is sleeved on the connecting sleeve and can be slid to the first and second positions. When the clutch is in the first position, the first pressing surface presses the first contact surface. When the clutch is in the second position, the second The pressing surface presses the second contact surface; the shift mechanism includes an actuating mechanism that slides and maintains the clutch in the first position or the second position.

Description

Transmission system of electric tricycle

The present invention relates to a transmission system of an electric tricycle, and more particularly to a two-stage planetary gear type transmission mechanism connected by a motor power output shaft, and the power output shaft and a planet carrier or a sun gear are switched by a shift mechanism. Connected transmission system.

At present, in the application field of electric tricycles, the overall weight is strictly controlled due to the limitation of its battery life performance. Under this premise, the volume space of the electric tricycle is very limited, so it is not possible to use a large-volume traditional transmission mechanism such as a stepless transmission or a five-speed gear.

However, although general-purpose tricycles do not pay attention to their driving speed, in the daily use environment, they still need to drive some long small slopes or steeper slopes (such as underground parking lanes in the building, etc.). The need for a minimum weight and small volume gearbox.

An object of the present invention is to provide a transmission system of an electric tricycle, which connects a power output shaft of a drive motor to a sun gear or a planet carrier of different speeds of a planetary gearbox by a shift mechanism to achieve different speeds. Output.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the transmission system of an electric tricycle provided by the present invention includes: a frame fixed to the body of the electric tricycle; and a series of drives arranged on the frame. The motor has a power output shaft; a gearbox including a box body, a connecting shaft sleeve, a planetary gear set and a clutch: the box body set is arranged on a frame body, and an accommodation space is arranged inside; the connecting shaft sleeve is provided in the capacity The planetary gear set includes a sun gear, a plurality of planetary gears and a planetary gear central axis thereof, and a torque input planet carrier for the planetary gear center. A shaft is fixedly connected thereto, a planetary carrier torque output member is fixedly connected to one side of the planetary gear central shaft opposite to the torque input planetary carrier, and an outer ring gear is fixed to the accommodation space and the planetary gears are meshed. One side of the sun gear has a sun gear shaft inserted in the tail end and a sun gear torque input member having a first contact surface. The torque input planet carrier has a second contact surface. The planet carrier torque output member has an extension. The torque output shaft out of the box body; and the clutch is coaxially sleeved on the connecting sleeve and rotates synchronously therewith, and can be sequentially in a reference position, a first position on the surface of the connecting sleeve. Position and a second position, the clutch has a first pressing surface and a second pressing surface, and the clutch is not in contact with the first pressing surface or the second pressing surface when the clutch is in the reference position When the clutch is in the first position, the first pressing surface engages and presses the first contact surface to drive the sun gear torque input member to rotate. When the clutch is in the second position, the second pressing The surface system engages and compresses the second contact surface to drive the torque input planet carrier to rotate; and a shift mechanism is set on the frame body, which includes a ring sleeve and a shift shift pusher fixed to the clutch and a An actuating mechanism that extends from the outside of the box into the accommodating space and pushes the shift push block to slide and maintain the clutch in the first position or the second position.

As mentioned above, the features of the present invention include: The present invention uses a planetary gear type transmission mechanism to connect the power of a drive motor to a sun gear in the transmission mechanism by a shift mechanism to maintain the original output speed of the drive motor. Or it is separated from the sun gear and is connected to the planet carrier in the transmission mechanism to reduce the output speed and achieve a small, easy and flat two-stage speed gear (if neutral is added, there are three gears). Transmission system.

1‧‧‧shift system

10‧‧‧frame

20‧‧‧Drive motor

21‧‧‧ PTO shaft

30‧‧‧ Gearbox

31‧‧‧Box

311‧‧‧accommodation space

32‧‧‧Connecting sleeve

321‧‧‧Headend

322‧‧‧tail

323‧‧‧rail structure

33‧‧‧ planetary gear set

331‧‧‧Sun Gear

3311‧‧‧Sun Gear Shaft

3312‧‧‧Sun Gear Torque Input

33121‧‧‧First contact surface

332‧‧‧ planetary gear

3321‧‧‧ planetary gear central axis

333‧‧‧ Torque input planet carrier

3331‧‧‧Second contact surface

334‧‧‧ Planetary Torque Output

3341‧‧‧Torque output shaft

335‧‧‧Outer ring gear

34‧‧‧Clutch

341‧‧‧First pressing surface

342‧‧‧Second pressing surface

343‧‧‧external thread

344‧‧‧Inner sleeve hole

3441‧‧‧Guide groove structure

40‧‧‧shift mechanism

41‧‧‧shift block

411‧‧‧internal thread

412‧‧‧groove

42‧‧‧Actuation mechanism

421‧‧‧Put

422‧‧‧ connecting rod

4221‧‧‧Groove

4222‧‧‧Slot

423‧‧‧ rack

4231‧‧‧Headend

42311‧‧‧Gear

424‧‧‧ Fork

4241‧‧‧fork

425‧‧‧ Fork shaft

50‧‧‧ sprocket

60‧‧‧Hydraulic cylinder

N‧‧‧ reference position

D1‧‧‧ first position

D2‧‧‧Second position

F1, F2, F3‧‧‧ Torque transmission path

1 is an exploded perspective view of an embodiment of a transmission system of an electric tricycle according to the present invention; FIG. 2 is a perspective combined view of FIG. 1; FIG. 3 is a side sectional view of FIG. 2; A top sectional view of an embodiment of the neutral gear position of the system; FIG. 5 is a top sectional view of an embodiment of the first gear position of the transmission system of the electric tricycle according to the present invention; Top sectional view of an embodiment of the second gear.

The following is a detailed description of this creative embodiment in conjunction with the drawings. The drawings are simplified schematic diagrams, which illustrate the basic structure of the creative only in a schematic way. Therefore, only the components related to the creative are marked in these drawings. Moreover, the displayed components are not drawn according to the number, shape, size ratio, etc. of the implementation, and the actual implementation specifications are an optional design, and the component layout may be more complicated.

As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3 and Figure 4. The transmission system 1 of the electric tricycle of this embodiment includes a frame 10, a drive motor 20, a gearbox 30, and a shift mechanism 40. The frame body 10 is provided with the driving motor 20, the gearbox 30 and the shift mechanism 40. The drive motor 20 is set on the frame 10 and has a power output shaft 21. The gearbox 30 includes a box 31, a connecting sleeve 32, a planetary gear set 33, and a clutch 34. The box body 31 is arranged on the frame body 10 and has an accommodating space 311 inside; the connecting shaft sleeve 32 is arranged in the accommodating space 311 and has a head end 321 and a back-to-head The rear end 322 of the end 321 is nested in the power output shaft 21 to transmit the torque of the power output shaft 21; the planetary gear set 33 is provided at the head end of the connecting shaft sleeve 32 321, which includes a sun gear 331, a plurality of planet gears 332 meshing with the sun gear 331, and corresponding planet gears 332, and a planetary gear central shaft 3321 that can rotate freely with respect to the planetary gear 332 (for example, a bearing is provided at the center of the planetary gear 332, and the planetary gear central shaft 3321 is inserted into the center of the bearing, so that The planetary gear center shaft 3321 rotates freely), a torque input planet carrier 333 for the planetary gear center shaft 3321 to be fixed, and a torque input planet carrier 333 which is fixed to the planetary gear center shaft 3321 and is opposite to the torque input planet carrier 333 The planetary carrier torque output member 334 and an outer ring gear 335 fixed to the accommodating space 311 and meshed with the planetary gears 332. One side of the sun gear 331 has a rotatably inserted into the head end 321. Sun gear shaft 3311 and a sun gear torque input member 3312, the sun gear torque input member 3312 has a first contact surface 33121 (in an embodiment, the sun gear torque input member 3312 is outward from the side of the sun gear 331 An extended disk body whose inner edge surface is the first contact surface 33121), the torque input planet carrier 333 has a second contact surface 3331 (in one embodiment, the torque input planet The frame 333 is a disc body extending outward, and the inner edge surface of the disc body is the second contact surface 3331). The planetary carrier torque output member 334 has a torque output shaft 3341 protruding from the box 31; and the clutch 34 Is coaxially sleeved on the connecting shaft sleeve 32 and rotates in synchronization therewith, and can be slid from a reference position N on the surface of the connecting shaft sleeve 32 to a first position D1 and is based on the reference position N The first position D1 is opposite to a second position D2 (in an embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, the first position D1 is close to the head end 321 of the connecting sleeve 32 relative to the reference position N). Position, the second position D2 is relative to the reference position N near the tail end 322 of the connecting sleeve 32), the clutch 34 has a first pressing surface 341 and a second pressing surface 342 And the clutch 34 is not in contact with the first pressing surface 341 or the second pressing surface 342 when the clutch 34 is located at the reference position N, and the first pressing surface 341 is engaged when the clutch 34 is located at the first position D1 And pressing the first contact surface 33121 to drive the sun gear torque input member 3312 to rotate, and the clutch 34 is located at the second position At D2, the second pressing surface 342 is engaged with and presses the second contact surface 3331 to drive the torque input planetary frame 333 to rotate; and the shifting mechanism 40 is arranged in the frame body 10 and includes a ring sleeve And fixed to the clutch 34 The shifting pusher 41 and the actuating mechanism 42 extend from the outside of the box 31 into the accommodation space 311, and can rotate and buckle and push the shifting pusher 41 to make the The clutch 34 slides and is maintained at the reference position N, the first position D1, or the second position D2.

In practice, as shown in FIGS. 4, 5 and 6, the shift pusher 41 is a wheel disc with an internal diameter 411 and a groove 412 on the wheel surface, and the surface of the clutch 34 corresponds to the shift The fixed position of the gear push block 41 has an external thread 343. The gear shift push block 41 is an external thread 343 screwed to the surface of the clutch 34 with the internal thread 411. The actuating mechanism 42 of the clutch 34 includes a A push rod 421, a connecting rod 422, a rack 423, a fork 424, and a fork shaft 425. The rack 423 is rotatably disposed in the accommodation space 311 and a head end 4231 extends out of the box. In addition to 31, the rack 423 is fixedly connected to the shift fork 424 in the accommodation space 311. The shift fork 424 has a fork mouth 4241. The fork mouth 4241 is rotatably pivoted on both ends of the fork and the tail. The rotation shaft 425, and the pair of fork rotation shafts 425 are fastened in the groove 412 of the shift pushing block 41, and are at two ends on the diameter (that is, the line connecting the two ends passes through the shaft center). The rack bar 423 head end 4231 is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting rod 422 (for example, the gear bar 423 head end 4231 is provided with gear teeth 41311, and one end of the link bar 422 is correspondingly provided with a tooth groove, and is fitted and fixed to each other, so that the two Synchronous rotation), the opposite end of the connecting rod 422 has a slot hole 4222, and is connected to the push rod 421 through a slot through a screw, by applying an axial thrust or a shaft to the push rod 421 To the pulling force (for example, the hydraulic cylinder 60 is used to push and pull the push rod 421), the connecting rod 422 rotates around the axis of the rack 423 axis, and synchronously drives the rack 423 to rotate, so that the fork 424 forms a The power arm drives the shift pusher 41 through the fork rotation shaft 425 to synchronously drive the clutch 34 to stop at the reference position N, the first position D1, and the second position D2.

Further, when the clutch 34 is parked at the reference position N, the connecting rod 422 is located at the origin, and neither the first pressing surface 341 nor the second pressing surface 342 of the clutch 34 is in contact with the first The surface 33121 or the second contact surface 3331 is in contact. At this time, the torque input by the power output shaft 21 is transmitted to the clutch 34 through the connecting sleeve 32 to make it idle—that is, the neutral position, as shown in FIG. 4. Torque transmission path F1); when the clutch 34 is parked in the first position D1, the connecting rod 422 is pushed out in the direction of the driving motor 20, so that the first pressing surface 341 is in contact with the first contact surface 33121 (The second pressing surface 342 of the clutch 34 is separated from the second contact surface 3331.) At this time, the torque input from the power output shaft 21 is transmitted to the clutch 34 and the sun gear torque input member through the connecting sleeve 32. 3312, sun gear 331, planetary gear 332, planetary gear central shaft 3321, planetary carrier torque output member 334, torque output shaft 3341 (as shown in the torque transmission path F2 of FIG. 5)-this is the first gear position; the clutch 34 When parked in the second position D2, the connecting rod 422 retracts toward the driving motor 20, so that the second pressing surface 342 of the clutch 34 is in contact with the second contact surface 3331 (at the same time, the first pressing surface 341 (Not in contact with the first contact surface 33121), at this time, the torque input by the power output shaft 21 is transmitted to the clutch 34, the torque input planet carrier 333, the planetary gear central shaft 3321, and the planet carrier torque through the connecting sleeve 32. Output member 334, torque output shaft 3341 (as shown in Figure 6 Torque transmitting path F3), that is, for the second gear position.

In an embodiment, a guide rail structure 323 is provided on the outer surface of the connecting sleeve 32, and the clutch 34 is sleeved on the outer surface of the connecting sleeve 32 with an inner sleeve hole 344. The inner sleeve hole 344 has a fitting The guide groove structure 3441 of the guide rail structure 323 on the outer surface of the connecting sleeve 32.

In an embodiment, the surface of the clutch 34 has a large diameter protruding circumferentially, and an outer ring surface of the large diameter forms a two conical surface, and the two conical surfaces are the first pressing surface 341 and the second pressing surface, respectively. The surface 342 is, of course, the two conical surfaces may be a flat surface or a curved surface (the conical surface of this embodiment is a flat surface). In addition, the first contact surface 33121, the second contact surface 3331, the first pressing surface 341, and a second pressing surface 342 are surfaces with high abrasion resistance and high friction coefficient to facilitate frequent shifting. It can still maintain a certain durability under the action.

In an embodiment, the torque output shaft 3341 further includes a sprocket 50 or a pulley (not shown) set thereon, so as to facilitate the two different speeds (torque) output by the transmission system. Driven by a chain or belt to the reduction gear (or differential) of the rear wheels of the vehicle, and Moving vehicles.

The foregoing implementation manners or embodiments of the technical means adopted by the present invention are not intended to limit the scope of implementation of this creation patent. That is, all changes and modifications that are consistent with the meaning of the scope of patent application of the present invention, or made according to the scope of patent of the present invention, are covered by the scope of patent of the present invention.

Claims (9)

A transmission system for an electric tricycle includes: a frame body; a drive motor, which is arranged on the frame body, which has a power output shaft; a gearbox, which includes: a box body, which is arranged on the frame body A connecting shaft sleeve is arranged in the accommodating space, and has a head end and a tail end facing away from the head end, the tail end is nested in the power output shaft; a planet A gear set is provided at the head end of the connecting shaft sleeve, and includes a sun gear, a plurality of planetary gears meshing with the sun gear, a corresponding central shaft of the planetary gear that can rotate freely, and a plurality of planetary gears. A torque input planet carrier fixed to the central axis, a planet carrier torque output member fixed to the planet gear central axis opposite to the torque input planet carrier, and a planetary gear fixed to the accommodating space. A meshed external ring gear, one side of the sun gear has a sun gear shaft rotatably inserted in the tail end and a sun gear torque input member, the sun gear torque input member has a first contact surface, the torque lose The planet carrier has a second contact surface, the planet carrier torque output member has a torque output shaft protruding from the box body; and a clutch, which is coaxially sleeved on the connecting shaft sleeve and rotates synchronously therewith. A reference position on the surface of the connecting sleeve is slid to a first position and a second position opposite thereto. The clutch has a first pressing surface and a second pressing surface, and the clutch is located at the reference position. When it is not in contact with the first pressing surface or the second pressing surface, when the clutch is in the first position, the first pressing surface engages and presses the first contact surface to drive the sun gear torque input When the clutch is in the second position, the second pressing surface engages and presses the second contact surface to drive the torque input planet carrier to rotate. The surface of the clutch has a large diameter protruding circumferentially. The large-diameter outer annular surface forms two conical surfaces, the two conical surfaces being the first pressing surface and the second pressing surface, respectively; and a shift mechanism, which is arranged on the frame body and includes a ring sleeve and A shifting pusher fixed to the clutch and a The outer housing extends into the receiving space and rotatably combined push the shift button pushing block, so that the clutch slips and maintained at the reference position, the actuating mechanism in the first position or the second position. The transmission system of an electric tricycle according to item 1 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the outer surface of the connecting sleeve is provided with a guide rail structure, and the clutch is sleeved on the outer surface of the connecting sleeve with an inner sleeve hole. The inner sleeve hole has a guide groove structure that matches the guide rail structure of the outer surface of the connecting sleeve. The transmission system of an electric tricycle according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the first position is relative to the reference position near the head end of the connecting sleeve, and the second position is relative to the reference position Close to the end of the connecting sleeve. According to the transmission system of the electric tricycle described in item 1 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the first contact surface, the second contact surface, the first pressing surface, and a second pressing surface are highly wear-resistant, High coefficient of friction surface. The transmission system of the electric tricycle according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, further comprising a sprocket or a pulley set provided on the torque output shaft. The transmission system for an electric tricycle according to item 1 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the two cone surface is a flat surface or a curved surface. The transmission system of an electric tricycle according to item 1 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the sun gear torque input member is a disk body formed by extending outward from the side of the sun gear, and the inner edge surface of the disk body is the first A contact surface. According to the transmission system of the electric tricycle described in item 1 or 7 of the patent application scope, wherein the torque input planet carrier is a disk body extending outward, the inner edge surface of the disk body is the second contact surface. The transmission system of an electric tricycle according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the shift pusher is a wheel disc with an internal diameter and a groove on the wheel surface, and the clutch surface corresponds to the shift The fixed position of the push block has an external thread, and the shift push block is screwed to the external thread of the clutch surface with the internal thread. The actuating mechanism of the clutch includes a push rod, a connecting rod, and a rack. A shift fork and a shift fork rotation shaft, the rack is rotatably disposed in the accommodation space and one end protrudes from the outside of the box, the rack is fixedly connected to the shift fork in the accommodation space, and the gear The fork has a fork mouth, and a fork shaft is rotatably pivoted at the front end and the tail end of the fork, respectively, and the pair of fork shafts are fastened in the grooves of the shift pushing block and are diametrical. At both ends, the rack head end is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting rod, and the other end of the connecting rod has a slotted hole, and is connected to the push rod through the slotted hole by a screw.