TWI655171B - Method for manufacturing briquettes by applying mswi fly ash - Google Patents
Method for manufacturing briquettes by applying mswi fly ash Download PDFInfo
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- TWI655171B TWI655171B TW106130296A TW106130296A TWI655171B TW I655171 B TWI655171 B TW I655171B TW 106130296 A TW106130296 A TW 106130296A TW 106130296 A TW106130296 A TW 106130296A TW I655171 B TWI655171 B TW I655171B
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- fly ash
- waste
- incineration fly
- brick
- waste incineration
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- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 11
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002920 hazardous waste Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002180 anti-stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002969 artificial stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical class Cl* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004503 fine granule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011464 hollow brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011268 mixed slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010852 non-hazardous waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002927 oxygen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/10—Production of cement, e.g. improving or optimising the production methods; Cement grinding
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Landscapes
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
本發明係提供一種使用垃圾焚化飛灰為磚材之製成方法，其主要利用垃圾焚化飛灰、燃煤飛灰、工業副產物及細料級配砂等依特定比例混拌成一具有膠結凝聚濕度之拌料後，最後再利用一壓磚機予以壓製形成一種低成本之環保磚材；是以，利用該垃圾焚化飛灰經調質穩定化後可供作工程所需使用之粉料使用，以製成滿足工程所需求之磚材，藉以能部分或完全取代一些舖設工程之一所需之磚材使用，如此不但能有效減少環境污染，達到廢棄資源回收再利用與大幅提升經濟價值，更能大大降低處理成本及廢棄物掩埋處理之複雜性等功效。 The invention provides a method for manufacturing waste bricks by using waste incineration fly ash, which mainly uses garbage incineration fly ash, coal fly ash, industrial by-products and fine material grade sand to be mixed into a specific ratio to form a cemented condensation. After mixing the humidity, it is finally pressed by a brick press to form a low-cost environmentally-friendly brick. Therefore, the waste incineration fly ash can be used for the powder used for the project after being stabilized by quenching and tempering. In order to meet the requirements of the project, the bricks can be used to partially or completely replace the bricks required for one of the paving works. This will not only effectively reduce environmental pollution, but also achieve recycling and reuse of waste resources and greatly enhance economic value. It can greatly reduce the cost of processing and the complexity of waste disposal.
Description
本發明是有關於一種焚化飛灰資源化處理製成，特別是指一種使用垃圾焚化飛灰為磚材之製成方法。 The invention relates to an incineration fly ash resource treatment, in particular to a method for manufacturing waste bricks using waste incineration fly ash.
查，在經濟發快速的現今，隨著地區都市化的進步與形成，與生活品質的提高，其所產生的都市固體廢棄物便會不斷的增加，為能處理過量廢棄物，其有效且快速之方式即是藉由焚化處理來取代掩埋場所取之不易之問題，不但具有減容、衛生，且更具安定化之目標，更能大幅減少固體垃圾之體積；然而，雖大量固體垃圾經焚化處理後能使體積與重量大大有效減少，但焚化後每日所產生之焚化灰渣仍是必需處理與處置，依據官方統計台灣在2015年全國經焚化處理後所仍產生約近百萬噸的焚化灰渣(包括底渣與飛灰，以下稱之為焚化底渣與焚化飛灰)，但因所產生之焚化灰渣數量較多，若直接全數進行掩埋則較佔空間，其中雖該焚化底渣係屬一般無危害之廢棄物，經掩埋後不會對環境造成傷害，但鑒於該焚化飛灰內則含有許多有害重金屬元素物質，若一同進行掩埋的話，其溶出之有害重金屬物質便會對環境生態有所影響，因此如何有效針對該焚化飛灰處理問題，以使該焚化飛灰成為資源化之材料，進而創造該焚化飛灰再利用，甚至達到取代營建工程所需之材料，更是相關使用業者所思考之課題。 In the current economic development, with the progress and formation of urbanization in the region, and the improvement of the quality of life, the amount of municipal solid waste generated will continue to increase. It is effective and fast in order to handle excessive waste. The way to replace the landfill site by incineration is not only difficult to reduce volume, sanitation, but also to achieve a more stable goal, which can greatly reduce the volume of solid waste; however, although a large amount of solid waste is incinerated After treatment, the volume and weight can be greatly reduced, but the incineration ash generated daily after incineration is still necessary for treatment and disposal. According to official statistics, Taiwan still produces nearly one million tons after being incinerated in 2015. Incineration ash (including bottom slag and fly ash, hereinafter referred to as incineration bottom slag and incineration fly ash), but because of the large amount of incineration ash generated, if it is directly buried, it will occupy more space, although the incineration Bottom slag is a generally non-hazardous waste that does not cause harm to the environment after being buried, but since the incineration fly ash contains many harmful heavy metal elements, together If it is buried, the harmful heavy metal substances dissolved will have an impact on the environment and ecology. Therefore, how to effectively deal with the incineration fly ash treatment problem, so that the incineration fly ash becomes a resource material, and then the incineration fly ash is reused. Even the materials needed to replace the construction project are the subject of consideration by the relevant users.
因此，本發明之目的，是在提供一種使用垃圾焚化飛灰為磚材之製成方法，除可有效將焚化後產生之焚化飛灰轉換成一可再利用於替代工程作業之磚材原料之粉料使用，且有效達到將廢棄資源利用之功用，以達大幅降低掩埋處理成本與複雜性等功效。Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing waste bricks using waste incineration fly ash, in addition to effectively converting the incineration fly ash produced after incineration into a powder of brick material which can be reused for alternative engineering operations. It is used and effectively achieves the function of utilizing waste resources, so as to greatly reduce the cost and complexity of landfill treatment.
於是，本發明一種使用垃圾焚化飛灰為磚材之製成方法，主要利用垃圾焚化飛灰與燃煤飛灰、工業副產物及細料級配砂依特定比例混拌而成一具有膠結凝聚濕度之拌料，且利用一壓磚機將前述已混合之拌料壓製成型一磚材態樣，以替代供應舖設工程所須之磚材使用；是以，將焚化垃圾後產生之焚化飛灰經調質穩定化，可用以取代工程材料之的原料的粉料，同時並與前述其它材料相互混拌膠結且壓製為磚材使用，進而將垃圾焚化後產生之有害廢棄物轉換成一可利用之資源，以降低焚化後廢棄物對環境的衝擊，藉以達到廢棄資源回收再利用與大幅提升經濟價值，同時更能有效減少環境污染，因此所成型之該磚材能部分或完全取代一些舖設工程作業所需之使用，以及大大降低廢棄物掩埋處理之複雜性與處理成本之效益。Therefore, the invention adopts a method for manufacturing waste bricks by using waste incineration fly ash, which mainly uses garbage incineration fly ash and coal-fired fly ash, industrial by-products and fine material grade sand to be mixed according to a specific ratio to form a cemented condensed humidity. Mixing material, and using a brick press to press the mixed mixture to form a brick material, instead of using the brick material required for the laying work; that is, the incineration fly ash produced after incinerating the garbage The quenching and tempering is stabilized, and the powder of the raw materials of the engineering materials can be replaced, and at the same time, the other materials are mixed with each other and pressed into bricks, thereby converting the hazardous waste generated after incineration into a usable resource. In order to reduce the impact of waste after incineration on the environment, in order to achieve the recycling and reuse of waste resources and greatly enhance the economic value, and to effectively reduce environmental pollution, the bricks formed can partially or completely replace some laying engineering operations. Need to use, and greatly reduce the complexity of the waste disposal process and the cost of treatment.
圖1是本發明第一較佳實施例之材料混合成分示意圖。 圖2是該較佳實施之製成流程之方塊圖。 圖3是該較佳實施例之磚材製成示意圖。 圖4是本發明於不同垃圾焚化飛灰添加量時之所形成抗壓力穩定值。 圖5是本發明第二較佳實施例之材料混合成分示意圖。 圖6是該較佳實施例之磚材製成示意圖。BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the composition of a material of a first preferred embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 is a block diagram of the manufacturing process of the preferred embodiment. Figure 3 is a schematic view of the brick material of the preferred embodiment. Figure 4 is a graph showing the anti-stress stability values of the present invention when added to different amounts of waste incineration fly ash. Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the composition of the material of the second preferred embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 is a schematic view of the brick material of the preferred embodiment.
有關本發明之前述及其他技術內容、特點與功效，在以下配合參考圖式之較佳實施例的詳細說明中，將可清楚的明白。The above and other technical contents, features, and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the Detailed Description of the <RTIgt;
參閱圖1，本發明之第一較佳實施例，該一種使用垃圾焚化飛灰為磚材之製成方法，其包含有30~70wt%(重量百分比)之垃圾焚化飛灰， 5~30 wt%(重量百分比)之燃煤飛灰，10~50 wt%(重量百分比)之工業副產物及0~30 wt%(重量百分比)之細粒料級配砂所混拌而成；其中，藉由前述之特定配比混合，可使壓製成型之磚材的硬度達到較佳之效果。Referring to FIG. 1, a first preferred embodiment of the present invention, a method for manufacturing a brick using waste incineration fly ash, comprising 30 to 70 wt% of waste incineration fly ash, 5 to 30 wt. % (by weight) of coal fly ash, 10 to 50 wt% (by weight) of industrial by-products and 0 to 30 wt% (by weight) of fine-grain grade sand mixed; By the specific ratio mixing described above, the hardness of the press-formed brick can be improved.
仍續前述，該垃圾焚化飛灰係為垃圾經焚化爐焚化處理後焚化灰渣之其一產物，同時該垃圾焚化飛灰主要化學成分為二氧化矽(SiO₂)、氧化鋁(Al₂O₃)及氧化鈣(CaO)，故該垃圾焚化飛灰係為一種變異性大、雜質多及有害重金屬含量高之有害廢棄物，其中之有害重金屬含量300~10000ppm，且當中之水溶性鹽類含量亦高，即如氯鹽及銨鹽等，因此為有效穩定該垃圾焚化飛灰中之有害物質及改善不利工程應用之性質，因此在本實施例中藉由一調質穩定化之方式，以降低該垃圾焚化飛中所具有之水溶性鹽類後，壓濾至含水率為“0%至60%”，同時更再以一攪拌設備以及添加一可使該垃圾焚化飛灰形成穩定態樣之穩定化藥劑進行混拌，以針對該垃圾焚化飛灰中之有害廢棄物予以處理，使得該垃圾焚化飛灰經前述穩定化程序處理後穩定其中有害物質，以及改善不利工程應用之性質，不但得以形成可再利用於工程材料之一的原料粉料使用，同時更鑒於該垃圾焚化飛灰水分介於0%~50%間，因此更可作為磚材材料中之一的粉料來源；另，該燃煤飛灰係為燃煤火力發電廠產生之副產物，且該燃煤飛灰中重金屬量經分析後係屬無害之一般事業廢棄物，同時將該燃煤飛灰應用為磚材之粉料之一更有利於磚材強度成長，同時該燃煤飛灰亦具有高吸水之特性，故在該磚材中適當具有該燃煤飛灰的添加，不但可調整水分填充孔隙之作用，更可獲致較佳強度；至於，該工業副產物為一水淬高爐爐石粉，其為鋼鐵製程中所產生之水淬爐渣，因此當該水淬爐渣經烘乾研磨成為粉末使用，可利用該水淬高爐爐石粉中具有潛在的膠結能力，並與磚材中之各原料混合後產生水化反應、水化產物及膠結物質使其硬固，特別的是在本實施例中，該水淬高爐爐石粉之細度需先研細至細度1000cm²/g(比表面積)以上使用，如此添加拌合後可增進該磚材之耐久性與品質；最後，該細粒料級配砂係為一具填充材，因此可選用其級配符合CNS486，且粒徑介於4.75mm~0.75μm (即no.4mesh~no.200 mesh )之砂石添加於該磚材之材料中進行混合；是以，將主要該垃圾焚化飛灰應用在磚材製成之材料中，不僅可再利用於工程材料中之粉料使用，同時可提升垃圾焚化後之副產廢棄物的使用率，同時更能降低掩埋處理的複雜性與成本效益。Continuing with the foregoing, the waste incineration fly ash is a product of incineration ash after incineration by waste incinerator, and the main chemical components of the waste incineration fly ash are cerium oxide (SiO2), alumina (Al2O3) and oxidation. Calcium (CaO), the waste incineration fly ash is a hazardous waste with high variability, high impurities and high harmful heavy metals. The harmful heavy metal content is 300~10000ppm, and the water-soluble salt content is also high. That is, for example, a chlorine salt and an ammonium salt, in order to effectively stabilize the harmful substances in the waste incineration fly ash and improve the property of unfavorable engineering applications, in the present embodiment, the quenching and tempering method is used to reduce the garbage. After incineration of the water-soluble salts in the fly, the pressure is filtered to a water content of “0% to 60%”, and further stabilized by a stirring device and adding a stable state of the waste incineration fly ash. The medicinal agent is mixed to treat the hazardous waste in the waste incineration fly ash, so that the waste incineration fly ash is stabilized by the aforementioned stabilization procedure to stabilize the harmful substances therein, and to improve the unfavorable engineering The nature of the use is not only the formation of raw material powder that can be reused in one of the engineering materials, but also the water content of the waste incineration fly ash is between 0% and 50%, so it can be used as one of the brick materials. The source of the powder; in addition, the coal fly ash is a by-product produced by the coal-fired power plant, and the amount of heavy metals in the fly ash of the coal is analyzed as a harmless general business waste, and the coal is fly The ash application is one of the brick powders, which is more conducive to the strength growth of the bricks. At the same time, the coal fly ash also has the characteristics of high water absorption, so the addition of the coal fly ash in the bricks can be adjusted. The effect of moisture filling the pores can further obtain better strength; as for the industrial by-product, the water quenching blast furnace powder is the water quenching slag produced in the steel process, so when the water quenching furnace slag is dried and ground The powder can be used to utilize the water-quenched blast furnace ston furnace powder to have potential cementation ability, and mixed with each raw material in the brick to produce hydration reaction, hydration product and cementing substance to make it hard, especially in this embodiment. In the case, the water quenching The fineness of the blast furnace whetstone powder needs to be finely ground to a fineness of 1000 cm 2 /g (specific surface area) or more, so that the durability and quality of the brick can be improved after the addition of the mixture; finally, the fine granule graded sand system is a filler, so it is possible to use a grading material that conforms to CNS486 and has a particle size of 4.75mm to 0.75μm (ie no.4mesh~no.200 mesh) added to the material of the brick for mixing; Therefore, the main waste incineration fly ash is applied to materials made of bricks, which can be reused not only in the use of powder materials in engineering materials, but also can increase the utilization rate of by-product waste after incineration of waste, and at the same time, Reduce the complexity and cost-effectiveness of landfill processing.
仍續上述，配合參閱圖2至圖3，本發明一種使用垃圾焚化飛灰為磚材之製成方法之製程依序包含有一第一步驟之備料、一第二步驟之初步混拌、一第三步驟之攪拌混合、一第四步驟之調整、一第五步驟之壓製成形及一第六步驟之養護；其中，在該第一步驟中，可針對所欲壓製成型之磚材數量先行備妥一定比例之該垃圾焚化飛灰、燃煤飛灰、工業副產物及細粒料級配砂等，將該垃圾焚化飛灰先置於一穩定化槽中先行進行調質穩定化，並經調質穩定化程序後以進一步形成一具有穩定化焚化飛灰，而其於該等材料則分別個自利用一料槽進行置放，而後便可先將該垃圾焚化飛灰依比例倒入一混拌槽(圖中未示)中，藉由在該混拌槽之運轉的攪動過程中，以使該垃圾焚化飛灰被混拌形成質地均勻的漿料，同時在攪拌為漿料之過程中需視察有無化學反應產生，如有即可在攪拌後進行靜置處理，以待該化學反應消失後，便可再接續下一步驟的進行，如此即先行完成該第二步驟之初步混拌，而後再陸續依據添加之比例將該燃煤飛灰、該工業副產物及該細粒料級配砂一一加入於前述已混拌之漿料中，來進行充分混合攪拌，以使該等材料之成分中的礦物可於混拌過程中溶出，並在於相互混合攪拌中重新聚合，且均勻形成含有一定濕度之拌料(即為該第三步驟)。Continuing with the above, with reference to FIG. 2 to FIG. 3, the process for manufacturing a method using the waste incineration fly ash as a brick material comprises a first step preparation, a second step preliminary mixing, and a first step. Three-step stirring mixing, a fourth step adjustment, a fifth step pressing forming, and a sixth step of curing; wherein, in the first step, the number of bricks to be pressed and formed can be prepared first A certain proportion of the waste incineration fly ash, coal-fired fly ash, industrial by-products and fine-grain grade sand, etc., the waste incineration fly ash is first placed in a stabilization tank for quenching and tempering, and adjusted After the quality stabilization procedure, a stabilized incineration fly ash is further formed, and the materials are separately disposed from a material tank, and then the garbage incineration fly ash is firstly poured into a mixture. In the mixing tank (not shown), in the agitation process of the operation of the mixing tank, the garbage incineration fly ash is mixed to form a slurry having a uniform texture while being stirred into a slurry. Need to inspect whether there is a chemical reaction, if any After the stirring, the static treatment can be carried out, and after the chemical reaction disappears, the next step can be continued, so that the preliminary mixing of the second step is completed first, and then the ratio is added according to the added ratio. Coal-fired fly ash, the industrial by-product and the fine-grained graded sand are added to the previously mixed slurry for thorough mixing and stirring, so that the minerals in the components of the materials can be mixed. Dissolved in the process, and re-polymerized in mixing with each other, and uniformly formed a mixture containing a certain humidity (that is, the third step).
接續前述，當然在混合攪拌過程中可另備有一含水率測定儀，利用該含水率測定儀來檢視該拌料中的水分是否有符合欲壓磚所需之具有10~30%的含水率，如果有差異，便可於該拌料中適時利用該燃煤飛灰進行濕度的調整，藉由該燃煤飛灰的添加以調合該拌料之含水濕度符合進行壓磚之標準，同時利用該燃煤飛灰調整的添加量係以總重量之15%為限，且調整完成後便可將該拌料充填入一壓磚製程機之模具中，陸續進行磚體的壓製成形(即為該第四、第五步驟)，而後針對將已壓製成形之該磚體進行一天的靜置，以使在靜置的過程中逐漸成型為具有硬固態樣之磚材，最後再經由該第六步驟之養護將該壓製成型之該磚體進行後續的養護作業，當然前述之該養護方式可視所壓製成型之磚體需求分為蒸氣養護、水槽養護亦或置放於室內陰涼處進行養護等，且所壓磚成型之磚材可為人行步道磚、人造石、路緣石、景觀用磚、圍牆磚、空心磚及植草磚等等，在完成後便可應用在所需之工程使用；是以，係由上述之製成可得知，該磚材的製成所使用之材料為垃圾焚化後之廢棄物、燃煤火力發電廠產生之副產物及工業副產廢棄物等，因此在該磚材的製成中並未添加任何水泥，故利用該垃圾焚化飛灰的大量使用，可有效針對垃圾焚化後之該垃圾焚化飛灰需備置掩埋地處理之成本與複雜性問題，並能有效減少環境污染，以使該垃圾焚化飛灰形成一具可資源再利用，且能部分或完全取代一些舖設工程作業所需之材料使用等功效。Continuing the foregoing, of course, a water content measuring instrument may be additionally provided during the mixing and agitation process, and the moisture content meter is used to check whether the moisture in the mixture has a moisture content of 10 to 30% which is required for the brick to be pressed. If there is a difference, the coal fly ash can be used in the mixture to adjust the humidity in time, and the addition of the coal fly ash to adjust the moisture content of the mixture meets the standard for brick pressing, and utilizes the The amount of coal fly ash adjustment is limited to 15% of the total weight, and after the adjustment is completed, the mixture can be filled into the mold of a brick making machine, and the brick body is pressed and formed one after another (ie, The fourth step and the fifth step), and then, the brick body which has been press-formed is allowed to stand for one day to gradually form into a brick having a hard solid state during the standing process, and finally through the sixth step. The curing process of the pressed brick body is carried out, and the maintenance method may be divided into steam curing, sink maintenance or indoor shading for maintenance, etc., depending on the demand for the pressed brick body, and Pressed brick The type of bricks can be used for pedestrian walkway bricks, artificial stone, curbstones, landscape bricks, wall bricks, hollow bricks and grass bricks, etc., after completion, can be applied to the required engineering use; It can be known that the materials used in the manufacture of the bricks are garbage incineration, by-products from coal-fired power plants, industrial by-product wastes, etc., and therefore in the manufacture of the bricks. No cement is added, so the use of the waste incineration fly ash can effectively address the cost and complexity of the waste incineration fly ash after waste incineration, and can effectively reduce environmental pollution, so that The waste incineration fly ash forms a resource that can be reused and can partially or completely replace the use of materials required for some laying operations.
請再配合參閱圖4所示，係針對利用不同該垃圾焚化飛灰所添加的比例不同，其所產生之抗壓強度值之變化亦也不同，由圖中趨勢可發現該垃圾焚化飛灰的添加量在30%~60%間的添比例，其不但有利提升磚材強度成長，更具有較佳之抗壓效果。Please refer to Figure 4 again. The ratio of the compressive strength produced by using different waste incineration fly ash is different. The trend of the waste incineration fly ash can be found from the trend in the figure. The addition ratio of 30%~60% is not only beneficial to increase the strength growth of bricks, but also has better compression resistance.
參閱圖5至圖6，本發明之第二較佳實施例，仍包含與第一實施例相同之垃圾焚化飛灰、燃煤飛灰、工業副產物及細粒料級配砂等材料、特性及製程方法等；其中，在本實施例中於該第一步驟中另添加有一藥劑，該藥劑添加量係為5~30 wt%(重量百分比)，同時其含有水分介於0%~50%之間，且該藥劑可為一種無水泥配方之環保膠料，其對於富含鈣、矽及鋁等氧化合物具有催化水化能力，因此將該藥劑適當添加於前述該材料中，不但又利增加其穩定值，可在製程中之混合後發生水化反應，並產生水化產物、膠結物質使其硬固，藉此更能針對不同使用型態，以提升廢棄資源回收再利用之經濟價值。Referring to FIG. 5 to FIG. 6 , the second preferred embodiment of the present invention still contains the same materials and characteristics as the waste incineration fly ash, coal-fired fly ash, industrial by-products, and fine-grain grade sand in the same manner as the first embodiment. And a process method and the like; wherein, in the embodiment, another agent is added in the first step, the dosage of the agent is 5-30% by weight, and the moisture content thereof is between 0% and 50%. Between the two, and the agent can be a cement-free formula of environmentally friendly rubber compound, which has catalytic hydration ability for oxygen compounds rich in calcium, barium and aluminum, so that the agent is appropriately added to the aforementioned material, not only beneficially Increasing its stability value, it can be hydrated after mixing in the process, and produce hydration products and cementing materials to make it hard, so that it can better target different use types to improve the economic value of recycling and recycling of waste resources. .
由上述之說明可知，本發明確實具有以下所列之優點與功效：As can be seen from the above description, the present invention does have the advantages and effects listed below:
1.本發明主要使用垃圾焚化飛灰、環保膠結材料、燃煤飛灰、工業副產物等材料，皆為垃圾焚化後及煉鋼後所產生之廢棄物與副產物，除增加該等料之資源化再利用外，同時更能降低焚化後廢棄物對環境的衝擊，以及掩埋場地的複雜性，藉以達到廢棄資源回收再利用與大幅提升經濟價值，同時更能有效減少環境污染與破壞。1. The invention mainly uses waste incineration fly ash, environmentally friendly cementing materials, coal-fired fly ash, industrial by-products and the like, all of which are wastes and by-products produced after incineration of waste and after steelmaking, except for the addition of such materials. In addition to resource recycling, it can reduce the impact of incinerated waste on the environment and the complexity of landfill sites, so as to achieve the recycling and reuse of waste resources and greatly enhance economic value, while effectively reducing environmental pollution and damage.
2.接續前述，本發明利用一另添加之藥劑中無水泥配方與燃煤飛灰的配合添加，可使經壓製成形之磚體經一天之靜置予以成型為具有硬固態樣之磚材並經養護後便可進行利用，使得於使用上更為便利。2. Following the foregoing, the present invention utilizes the addition of a cement-free formula and a coal-fired fly ash in an additional additive to allow the press-formed brick to be formed into a hard solid-like brick after a day of standing. It can be used after being cured, making it more convenient to use.
3.再者，在於壓磚製成中，亦毋需進行燒結作業，因此即能免除燃燒能源的耗損，以能有效達到減少環境空污之環保效益。3. Furthermore, in the production of pressed bricks, it is also urgent to carry out the sintering operation, so that the consumption of burning energy can be eliminated, so as to effectively achieve the environmental benefits of reducing environmental air pollution.
歸納前述，本發明使用垃圾焚化飛灰為磚材之製成方法，其主要將垃圾焚化後、使用燃煤火力發電後產生之廢棄物與鋼鐵製程中產生之副產物等材料，利用本發明之配比成分與製成步驟，便可成型出低成本之環保磚材，藉以能部分或完全取代一些舖設工程作業所需之磚材使用，以達到廢棄資源回收再利用與大幅提升經濟價值，同時更能有效減少環境污染，故確實能達到本發明之目的。In summary, the present invention uses a waste incineration fly ash as a method for producing bricks, which mainly utilizes materials such as wastes generated after incineration of coal, use of coal-fired power generation, and by-products produced in a steel process, and utilizes the present invention. The proportioning composition and the manufacturing steps can form a low-cost environmentally-friendly brick material, which can partially or completely replace the brick materials required for laying the engineering work, so as to achieve the recycling and reuse of waste resources and greatly enhance the economic value. It is more effective in reducing environmental pollution, so it can achieve the object of the present invention.
惟以上所述者，僅為說明本發明之較佳實施例而已，當不能以此限定本發明實施之範圍，即大凡依本發明申請專利範圍及發明說明書內容所作之簡單的等效變化與修飾，皆應仍屬本發明專利涵蓋之範圍內。The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, that is, the simple equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the scope of the present invention and the contents of the description of the invention. All should remain within the scope of the invention patent.
(本發明) 無(Invention)
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101323511A (en) * | 2007-06-16 | 2008-12-17 | 王书金 | Fly ash bricks |
| CN105693123A (en) * | 2016-03-10 | 2016-06-22 | 重庆三峰环境产业集团有限公司 | Method for realizing co-granulation of household garbage incineration fly ash as well as cement, silica fume and coal ash and clean application of household garbage incineration fly ash to asphalt pavement |
| CN107117923A (en) * | 2017-06-08 | 2017-09-01 | 上海百理新材料科技股份有限公司 | Consumer waste incineration slag is in highway road surface integrated application |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101323511A (en) * | 2007-06-16 | 2008-12-17 | 王书金 | Fly ash bricks |
| CN105693123A (en) * | 2016-03-10 | 2016-06-22 | 重庆三峰环境产业集团有限公司 | Method for realizing co-granulation of household garbage incineration fly ash as well as cement, silica fume and coal ash and clean application of household garbage incineration fly ash to asphalt pavement |
| CN107117923A (en) * | 2017-06-08 | 2017-09-01 | 上海百理新材料科技股份有限公司 | Consumer waste incineration slag is in highway road surface integrated application |
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