TWI645957B - Method and computer program product for wood pellet fuel production - Google Patents
Method and computer program product for wood pellet fuel production Download PDFInfo
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- TWI645957B TWI645957B TW107107992A TW107107992A TWI645957B TW I645957 B TWI645957 B TW I645957B TW 107107992 A TW107107992 A TW 107107992A TW 107107992 A TW107107992 A TW 107107992A TW I645957 B TWI645957 B TW I645957B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02P90/30—Computing systems specially adapted for manufacturing
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Abstract
一種木屑造粒燃料的生產方法及電腦程式產品,該方法包括步驟:從一第一資料庫選取一擠壓孔道壓力,用以計算一環模擠壓孔道直徑與該擠壓孔道壓力的乘積作為一反作用力;從一第二資料庫選取對應該反作用力的一毯層高度及一壓縮位移,用以計算一原料輸送量及一壓輥與環模間隙;從一第三資料庫的多個入料率中選定一個與該原料輸送量計算一乘積作為一進料器轉速;及從一第四資料庫的多個馬達頻率中選定一個作為一驅動頻率,依據該驅動頻率、該進料器轉速及該壓輥與環模間隙送出至少一指令至一造粒機,以生產該木屑造粒燃料。 A method for producing a wood chip granulation fuel and a computer program product, the method comprising the steps of: selecting a squeeze channel pressure from a first database to calculate a product of a ring die extrusion channel diameter and the extrusion channel pressure as a Reaction force; selecting a blanket height and a compression displacement corresponding to the reaction force from a second database to calculate a raw material delivery amount and a gap between the pressure roller and the ring mold; multiple inputs from a third database One of the material rates is selected to calculate a product of the material throughput as a feeder speed; and one of the plurality of motor frequencies of a fourth database is selected as a driving frequency, according to the driving frequency, the feeder speed and The press roll and the ring die gap send at least one command to a granulator to produce the sawdust granulation fuel.
Description
本發明係關於一種燃料生產方法,特別是關於一種木屑造粒燃料的生產方法及電腦程式產品。 The present invention relates to a fuel production method, and more particularly to a method and a computer program product for producing a wood pelletizing fuel.
現代社會高度發展,對能源的需求與日俱增,傳統常用的方式為將石化燃料(如煤炭、重油或天然氣等)燃燒後產生熱能,例如用於發電或鋼鐵工業等。其中,使用天然氣為燃料對環境較為友善但費用高,而燃燒煤炭或重油較具經濟效益但汙染量大。 Modern society is highly developed, and the demand for energy is increasing. The traditional way is to burn fossil fuels (such as coal, heavy oil or natural gas) to generate heat, such as power generation or steel industry. Among them, the use of natural gas as fuel is more environmentally friendly but costly, while burning coal or heavy oil is more economical but has a large amount of pollution.
因此,逐漸衍生出兼顧價格與汙染的燃料需求,如綠能燃料或生質燃料等。舉例而言,利用木質原料(如松木或鐵木)之粉碎、乾燥、擠形、黏結及切割等過程,製成木質顆粒燃料。 As a result, fuel demand that combines price and pollution, such as green fuel or biomass fuel, has gradually emerged. For example, wood pellet fuel is produced by processes such as pulverization, drying, extrusion, bonding, and cutting of wood materials such as pine or iron wood.
然而,在顆粒燃料壓製過程中,有時會遭遇原料短缺或規格變動等問題,一旦原料不同(如改變木屑種類、含水率等),縱使用相同設備,仍無法正常生產合格的燃料。主因是木質材料的組成、黏聚特性及燃料規格皆不同,如貿然採用原有製程壓製其他木屑,容易導致燃料的堅牢度不高,可能造成燃料鬆散及燃燒效率不高等問題。 However, in the process of pellet fuel pressing, problems such as shortage of raw materials or specification changes are sometimes encountered. Once the raw materials are different (such as changing the type of wood chips, water content, etc.), the same equipment is used, and the qualified fuel cannot be produced normally. The main reason is that the composition of wood materials, cohesive properties and fuel specifications are different. For example, rushing to suppress other wood chips by using the original process may easily lead to low fuel fastness, which may cause problems such as loose fuel and low combustion efficiency.
有鑑於此,有必要提供一種有別以往的木屑造粒燃料的生產方法,以解決習用技術所存在的問題。 In view of the above, it is necessary to provide a method for producing a wood chip granulation fuel which is different from the prior art to solve the problems of the conventional technology.
本發明之一目的在於提供一種木屑造粒燃料的生產方法,其係針對木質特性選用特定製程,以便將不同木屑依所需規格造粒形成燃料,進而提升燃料供應的穩定性。 It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for producing a wood chip granulation fuel which is selected for a wood property to granulate different wood chips to a desired size to form a fuel, thereby improving the stability of the fuel supply.
本發明之另一目的在於提供一種電腦程式產品,可執行如上 所述之木屑造粒燃料的生產方法。 Another object of the present invention is to provide a computer program product which can be executed as above The method for producing a sawdust granulation fuel.
為達上述之目的,本發明提供一種木屑造粒燃料的生產方法,可包括步驟:從一第一資料庫選取一壓力作為該木屑造粒燃料生產時的一擠壓孔道壓力,該壓力對應一種木屑造粒燃料被擠壓成型後的一條件,該條件為:該木屑造粒燃料的一含水率介於一重量百分比為7.7至15.3,且該木屑造粒燃料的一體密度介於600至748公斤/立方米,計算該木屑造粒燃料生產時的一環模擠壓孔道直徑與該擠壓孔道壓力的乘積作為該木屑造粒燃料生產時的一反作用力;從一第二資料庫選取該木屑造粒燃料生產時的一毯層高度及一壓縮位移,該毯層高度及該壓縮位移對應該反作用力及該木屑造粒燃料生產時的一粒度、該含水率及一含油率的需求,計算該毯層高度與該壓縮位移的一差值作為該木屑造粒燃料生產時的一壓輥與環模間隙,計算該毯層高度、該木屑造粒燃料生產時的一壓輥寬度及一單位時間環模內圈旋轉弧長的一乘積作為一原料輸送量;從一第三資料庫的多個入料率中選定一個與該原料輸送量計算一乘積作為一進料器轉速;及從一第四資料庫的多個馬達頻率中選定一個作為一驅動頻率,依據該驅動頻率、該進料器轉速及該壓輥與環模間隙送出至少一指令至一造粒機,以生產該木屑造粒燃料。 In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for producing a wood pelletizing fuel, which may include the steps of: selecting a pressure from a first database as a pressing channel pressure during the production of the wood pelletizing fuel, the pressure corresponding to the a condition after the sawdust granulation fuel is extruded, the condition is: a moisture content of the wood pelletizing fuel is between 7.7 and 15.3 percent by weight, and the integrated density of the wood pelletizing fuel is between 600 and 748 Kg/m3, calculate the product of the diameter of a ring die extrusion channel and the pressure of the extrusion channel during the production of the sawdust granulation fuel as a reaction force in the production of the sawdust granulation fuel; the sawdust is selected from a second database The height of a carpet layer and a compression displacement during the production of the granulated fuel, the height of the carpet layer and the compression displacement correspond to the reaction force and the requirement of the particle size, the moisture content and the oil content of the wood pelletizing fuel production, a difference between the height of the carpet layer and the compression displacement is used as a gap between the pressure roller and the ring mold in the production of the wood pelletizing fuel, and the height of the carpet layer is calculated, and the wood pelletizing fuel is produced. a product of the width of the press roll and the rotation arc length of the inner ring of the ring die as a raw material delivery amount; a selected one of the plurality of feed rates from a third database is calculated as a feed product of the raw material delivery amount as a feed And a speed selected from a plurality of motor frequencies of a fourth database as a driving frequency, according to the driving frequency, the feeder rotation speed and the gap between the pressure roller and the ring mold to send at least one command to a granulator To produce the sawdust granulation fuel.
在本發明之一實施例中,在從該第一資料庫選取該壓力前,可控制一壓錠機建立多種木屑在該含水率與該含油率的多種組合下於多種壓力擠壓成型的多種體密度的一關聯資料,並紀錄於該第一資料庫。 In an embodiment of the present invention, before the pressure is selected from the first database, a press machine can be controlled to establish a plurality of kinds of wood chips which are extruded in a plurality of pressures under various combinations of the water content and the oil content. A related data of density and recorded in the first database.
在本發明之一實施例中,在從該第二資料庫選取該毯層高度及該壓縮位移前,可控制一拉力試驗機建立多種木屑在該含油率與該粒度的多種組合下受力壓縮產生的多種毯層高度對該反作用力、該含水率與該壓縮位移的多組關聯資料,並紀錄於該第二資料庫。 In an embodiment of the present invention, before selecting the height of the carpet layer and the compression displacement from the second database, a tensile testing machine can be controlled to establish a plurality of wood chips to be compressed under various combinations of the oil content and the particle size. A plurality of sets of associated data relating to the reaction force, the moisture content and the compression displacement are generated and recorded in the second database.
在本發明之一實施例中,在從該第三資料庫的該多個入料率中選定一個前,可試驗多種木屑於一進料器的多種轉速下取得的該多個入料率,並紀錄於該第三資料庫。 In an embodiment of the present invention, before selecting one of the plurality of feed rates from the third database, the plurality of wood chips can be tested for the multiple feed rates obtained at a plurality of rotation speeds of a feeder, and recorded. In the third database.
在本發明之一實施例中,在從該第四資料庫的該多個馬達頻率中選定一個前,可擷取一馬達變頻器在多個馬達頻率下的多個環模轉 速,並紀錄於該第四資料庫。 In an embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of ring modes of a motor frequency converter at a plurality of motor frequencies can be retrieved before selecting one of the plurality of motor frequencies of the fourth database Speed and recorded in the fourth database.
在本發明之一實施例中,該木屑可被設定為柳杉木屑、桉樹木屑或廢棄木棧板木屑。 In an embodiment of the invention, the wood chips may be set to beadwood chips, eucalyptus chips or discarded wood pallet wood chips.
在本發明之一實施例中,該擠壓孔道壓力可被設定為介於0.01至0.169千牛頓/平方釐米。 In an embodiment of the invention, the extrusion channel pressure can be set to be between 0.01 and 0.169 kilonewtons per square centimeter.
在本發明之一實施例中,該粒度可被設定為介於0.01至10釐米。 In an embodiment of the invention, the particle size can be set to be between 0.01 and 10 cm.
在本發明之一實施例中,該含油率可被設定為介於0至2的一重量百分比。 In an embodiment of the invention, the oil content may be set to a weight percentage between 0 and 2.
為達上述之目的,本發明另提供一種電腦程式產品,可經由一電腦載入該電腦程式產品並執行後,該電腦能夠執行如上所述之木屑造粒燃料的生產方法。 To achieve the above object, the present invention further provides a computer program product capable of executing the method of producing a wood pelletizing fuel as described above after loading and executing the computer program product via a computer.
S1‧‧‧步驟 S1‧‧‧ steps
S2‧‧‧步驟 S2‧‧‧ steps
S3‧‧‧步驟 S3‧‧‧ steps
S4‧‧‧步驟 S4‧‧‧ steps
a‧‧‧單位時間環模內圈旋轉弧長 a‧‧‧Circular arc length of the inner ring of the ring
h‧‧‧毯層高度 H‧‧‧ carpet height
w‧‧‧壓輥寬度 W‧‧‧roller width
第1圖:本發明實施例之木屑造粒燃料的生產方法之流程示意圖。 Fig. 1 is a flow chart showing a method for producing a sawdust granulation fuel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
第2A圖:本發明實施例之木屑造粒燃料的生產方法之粒度為1至10mm且含油(植物油)率為2wt%的柳杉木屑受力壓縮時的量測結果。 Fig. 2A is a graph showing the measurement results of the method for producing a sawdust granulation fuel according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the particle size of the wood granules is 1 to 10 mm and the oil-containing (vegetable oil) ratio is 2% by weight.
第2B圖:本發明實施例之木屑造粒燃料的生產方法之粒度為0.5至1mm且含油(植物油)率為2wt%的柳杉木屑受力壓縮時的量測結果。 Fig. 2B is a graph showing the measurement results of the method for producing a sawdust granulation fuel according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the particle size of the granules of 0.5 to 1 mm and the oil-containing (vegetable oil) ratio of 2% by weight is compressed by force.
第2C圖:本發明實施例之木屑造粒燃料的生產方法之粒度小於0.5mm且含油(植物油)率為2wt%的柳杉木屑受力壓縮時的量測結果。 Fig. 2C is a graph showing the measurement results of the method for producing a sawdust granulation fuel according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the particle size of the wood granules having a particle size of less than 0.5 mm and an oil-containing (vegetable oil) ratio of 2% by weight is compressed by force.
第2D圖:本發明實施例之木屑造粒燃料的生產方法之粒度為1至10mm且含油(植物油)率為0wt%的柳杉木屑受力壓縮時的量測結果。 2D is a measurement result when the method for producing a sawdust granulation fuel according to an embodiment of the present invention has a particle size of 1 to 10 mm and an oil-containing (vegetable oil) ratio of 0% by weight.
第2E圖:本發明實施例之木屑造粒燃料的生產方法之粒度為0.5至1mm且含油(植物油)率為0wt%的柳杉木屑受力壓縮時的量測結果。 2E is a measurement result when the method for producing a sawdust granulation fuel according to an embodiment of the present invention has a particle size of 0.5 to 1 mm and an oil-containing (vegetable oil) ratio of 0% by weight.
第2F圖:本發明實施例之木屑造粒燃料的生產方法之粒度小於0.5mm且含油(植物油)率為0wt%的柳杉木屑受力壓縮時的量測結果。 Fig. 2F is a measurement result when the method for producing a sawdust granulation fuel according to an embodiment of the present invention has a particle size of less than 0.5 mm and an oil-containing (vegetable oil) ratio of 0% by weight.
第3A圖:本發明實施例之木屑造粒燃料的生產方法之粒度為1至10mm且含油(植物油)率為2wt%的廢棄木棧板木屑受力壓縮時的量測 結果。 Fig. 3A is a view showing the measurement method of the wood chip granulation fuel of the embodiment of the present invention when the size of the waste wood chipboard having a particle size of 1 to 10 mm and an oil (vegetable oil) ratio of 2 wt% is compressed by force. result.
第3B圖:本發明實施例之木屑造粒燃料的生產方法之粒度為0.5至1mm且含油(植物油)率為2wt%的廢棄木棧板木屑受力壓縮時的量測結果。 Fig. 3B is a graph showing the measurement results of the wood chip granules of the embodiment of the present invention in which the particle size of the wood chips is 0.5 to 1 mm and the oil (vegetable oil) ratio is 2% by weight.
第3C圖:本發明實施例之木屑造粒燃料的生產方法之粒度小於0.5mm且含油(植物油)率為2wt%的廢棄木棧板木屑受力壓縮時的量測結果。 Fig. 3C is a graph showing the measurement results of the method for producing wood chips granulated fuel according to the embodiment of the present invention, wherein the wood chips having a particle size of less than 0.5 mm and an oil-containing (vegetable oil) ratio of 2% by weight are subjected to compression.
第3D圖:本發明實施例之木屑造粒燃料的生產方法之粒度為1至10mm且含油(植物油)率為0wt%的廢棄木棧板木屑受力壓縮時的量測結果。 Fig. 3D is a measurement result of the method for producing a sawdust granulation fuel according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the waste wood chipboard having a particle size of 1 to 10 mm and an oil-containing (vegetable oil) ratio of 0% by weight is subjected to compression.
第3E圖:本發明實施例之木屑造粒燃料的生產方法之粒度為0.5至1mm且含油(植物油)率為0wt%的廢棄木棧板木屑受力壓縮時的量測結果。 Fig. 3E is a graph showing the measurement results of the wood chip granules of the embodiment of the present invention in which the particle size of the wood chips is 0.5 to 1 mm and the oil (vegetable oil) rate is 0% by weight.
第3F圖:本發明實施例之木屑造粒燃料的生產方法之粒度小於0.5mm且含油(植物油)率為0wt%的廢棄木棧板木屑受力壓縮時的量測結果。 Fig. 3F is a measurement result of the method for producing a sawdust granulation fuel according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the waste wood chipboard having a particle size of less than 0.5 mm and an oil (vegetable oil) ratio of 0% by weight is subjected to compression.
第4A圖:本發明實施例之木屑造粒燃料的生產方法之粒度為1至10mm且含油(植物油)率為2wt%的尤加利木(桉樹)木屑受力壓縮時的量測結果。 Fig. 4A is a graph showing the measurement results of the eucalyptus (eucalyptus) wood chips having a particle size of 1 to 10 mm and an oil (vegetable oil) ratio of 2% by weight in the method for producing a sawdust granulation fuel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
第4B圖:本發明實施例之木屑造粒燃料的生產方法之粒度為0.5至1mm且含油(植物油)率為2wt%的尤加利木(桉樹)木屑受力壓縮時的量測結果。 Fig. 4B is a graph showing the measurement results of the eucalyptus (eucalyptus) wood chips having a particle size of 0.5 to 1 mm and an oil (vegetable oil) ratio of 2% by weight in the method for producing a sawdust granulation fuel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
第4C圖:本發明實施例之木屑造粒燃料的生產方法之粒度小於0.5mm且含油(植物油)率為2wt%的尤加利木(桉樹)木屑受力壓縮時的量測結果。 Fig. 4C is a graph showing the measurement results of the eucalyptus (eucalyptus) wood chips having a particle size of less than 0.5 mm and an oil (vegetable oil) ratio of 2% by weight in the method for producing a sawdust granulation fuel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
第4D圖:本發明實施例之木屑造粒燃料的生產方法之粒度為1至10mm且含油(植物油)率為0wt%的尤加利木(桉樹)木屑受力壓縮時的量測結果。 Fig. 4D is a graph showing the measurement results of the eucalyptus (eucalyptus) wood chips having a particle size of 1 to 10 mm and an oil (vegetable oil) ratio of 0% by weight in the method for producing a sawdust granulation fuel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
第4E圖:本發明實施例之木屑造粒燃料的生產方法之粒度為0.5至1mm且含油(植物油)率為0wt%的尤加利木(桉樹)木屑受力壓縮時的 量測結果。 Figure 4E: The method for producing a sawdust granulation fuel according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the eucalyptus (eucalyptus) wood chips having a particle size of 0.5 to 1 mm and an oil (vegetable oil) ratio of 0% by weight are compressed by force Measurement results.
第4F圖:本發明實施例之木屑造粒燃料的生產方法之粒度小於0.5mm且含油(植物油)率為0wt%的尤加利木(桉樹)木屑受力壓縮時的量測結果。 Fig. 4F is a graph showing the measurement results of the eucalyptus (eucalyptus) wood chips having a particle size of less than 0.5 mm and an oil (vegetable oil) ratio of 0% by weight in the method for producing a sawdust granulation fuel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
第5圖:本發明實施例之木屑造粒燃料的生產方法之環模轉速與傳動馬達變頻器頻率的一關聯資料示意圖。 Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the ring mode rotational speed of the sawdust granulation fuel production method and the frequency of the drive motor frequency converter of the embodiment of the present invention.
第6圖:本發明實施例之木屑造粒燃料的生產方法之毯層高度、壓輥寬度及單位時間環模內圈旋轉弧長之示意圖。 Fig. 6 is a view showing the height of the carpet layer, the width of the press roll, and the arc length of the inner ring of the ring mold per unit time in the method for producing the sawdust granulation fuel according to the embodiment of the present invention.
第7A圖:本發明之木屑造粒燃料的生產方法產製而成的柳杉木屑造粒燃料樣品照片(一)。 Fig. 7A is a photograph (I) of a flavonoid fuel sample produced by the method for producing a sawdust granulation fuel of the present invention.
第7B圖:本發明之木屑造粒燃料的生產方法產製而成的柳杉木屑造粒燃料樣品照片(二)。 Fig. 7B is a photograph (2) of a sample of cedar granules produced by the method for producing a sawdust granulation fuel of the present invention.
第7C圖:本發明之木屑造粒燃料的生產方法產製而成的柳杉木屑造粒燃料樣品照片(三)。 Fig. 7C is a photograph (3) of a flavonoid fuel sample produced from a method for producing a sawdust granulation fuel of the present invention.
第7D圖:本發明之木屑造粒燃料的生產方法產製而成的柳杉木屑造粒燃料樣品照片(四)。 Fig. 7D is a photograph (4) of a flavonoid fuel sample produced by the method for producing a sawdust granulation fuel of the present invention.
第7E圖:本發明之木屑造粒燃料的生產方法產製而成的柳杉木屑造粒燃料樣品照片(五)。 Fig. 7E is a photograph (5) of a flavonoid fuel sample produced by the method for producing a sawdust granulation fuel of the present invention.
第7F圖:本發明之木屑造粒燃料的生產方法產製而成的柳杉木屑造粒燃料樣品照片(六)。 Fig. 7F is a photograph (6) of a sample of cedar granules produced by the method for producing a sawdust granulation fuel of the present invention.
第8A圖:本發明之木屑造粒燃料的生產方法產製而成的尤加利木(桉樹)木屑造粒燃料樣品照片(一)。 Fig. 8A is a photograph (I) of a eucalyptus (eucalyptus) sawdust granulated fuel produced by the method for producing a sawdust granulation fuel of the present invention.
第8B圖:本發明之木屑造粒燃料的生產方法產製而成的尤加利木(桉樹)木屑造粒燃料樣品照片(二)。 Fig. 8B is a photograph of a eucalyptus (eucalyptus) sawdust granulated fuel sample produced by the method for producing a sawdust granulation fuel of the present invention (2).
第8C圖:本發明之木屑造粒燃料的生產方法產製而成的尤加利木(桉樹)木屑造粒燃料樣品照片(三)。 Fig. 8C is a photograph of a eucalyptus (eucalyptus) sawdust granulated fuel sample produced by the method for producing a sawdust granulation fuel of the present invention (III).
第9A圖:本發明之木屑造粒燃料的生產方法產製而成的廢棄木棧板木屑造粒燃料樣品照片(一)。 Fig. 9A is a photograph of a sample of waste wood veneer granulated fuel produced by the method for producing a sawdust granulation fuel of the present invention (I).
第9B圖:本發明之木屑造粒燃料的生產方法產製而成的廢棄木棧板 木屑造粒燃料樣品照片(二)。 Figure 9B: Waste wood pallet produced by the method for producing wood chips granulation fuel of the present invention Photograph of wood chip granulation fuel sample (2).
第9C圖:本發明之木屑造粒燃料的生產方法產製而成的廢棄木棧板木屑造粒燃料樣品照片(三)。 Fig. 9C is a photograph of a sample of a waste wood veneer granule granulated fuel produced by the method for producing a sawdust granulation fuel of the present invention (III).
第9D圖:本發明之木屑造粒燃料的生產方法產製而成的廢棄木棧板木屑造粒燃料樣品照片(四)。 Fig. 9D is a photograph of a sample of waste wood veneer granulated fuel produced by the method for producing a sawdust granulation fuel of the present invention (4).
為了讓本發明之上述及其他目的、特徵、優點能更明顯易懂,下文將特舉本發明較佳實施例,並配合所附圖式,作詳細說明如下。再者,本發明所提到的方向用語,例如上、下、頂、底、前、後、左、右、內、外、側面、周圍、中央、水平、橫向、垂直、縱向、軸向、徑向、最上層或最下層等,僅是參考附加圖式的方向。因此,使用的方向用語是用以說明及理解本發明,而非用以限制本發明。 The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more <RTIgt; Furthermore, the directional terms mentioned in the present invention, such as upper, lower, top, bottom, front, rear, left, right, inner, outer, side, surrounding, central, horizontal, horizontal, vertical, longitudinal, axial, Radial, uppermost or lowermost, etc., only refer to the direction of the additional schema. Therefore, the directional terminology used is for the purpose of illustration and understanding of the invention.
請參閱第1圖所示,本發明實施例之木屑造粒燃料的生產方法主要包括下列步驟S1至S4:步驟S1,從一第一資料庫選取一壓力作為該木屑造粒燃料生產時的一擠壓孔道壓力,該壓力對應一種木屑造粒燃料被擠壓成型後的一條件,該條件為:該木屑造粒燃料的一含水率介於一重量百分比為7.7至15.3,且該木屑造粒燃料的一體密度介於600至748公斤/立方米,計算該木屑造粒燃料生產時的一環模擠壓孔道直徑與該擠壓孔道壓力的乘積作為該木屑造粒燃料生產時的一反作用力;步驟S2,從一第二資料庫選取該木屑造粒燃料生產時的一毯層高度及一壓縮位移,該毯層高度及該壓縮位移對應該反作用力及該木屑造粒燃料生產時的一粒度、該含水率及一含油率的需求,計算該毯層高度與該壓縮位移的一差值作為該木屑造粒燃料生產時的一壓輥與環模間隙,計算該毯層高度、該木屑造粒燃料生產時的一壓輥寬度及一單位時間環模內圈旋轉弧長的一乘積作為一原料輸送量;步驟S3,從一第三資料庫的多個入料率中選定一個與該原料輸送量計算一乘積作為一進料器轉速;及步驟S4,從一第四資料庫的多個馬達頻率中選定一個作為一驅動頻率,依據該驅動頻率、該進料器轉速及該壓輥與環模間隙送出至少一指令至一造粒機,以生產該木屑造粒燃料。 Referring to FIG. 1 , the method for producing a sawdust granulation fuel according to an embodiment of the present invention mainly comprises the following steps S1 to S4: Step S1, selecting a pressure from a first database as one of the production of the sawdust granulation fuel. Extrusion channel pressure corresponding to a condition after the sawdust granulation fuel is extruded, the condition is: a moisture content of the sawdust granulation fuel is between 7.7 and 15.3 by weight, and the sawdust is granulated The integrated density of the fuel is between 600 and 748 kg/m 3 , and the product of the diameter of the ring die extrusion orifice and the pressure of the extrusion channel during the production of the sawdust granulation fuel is calculated as a reaction force when the sawdust granulation fuel is produced; Step S2, selecting a carpet layer height and a compression displacement when the wood chip granulation fuel is produced from a second database, the carpet layer height and the compression displacement corresponding to the reaction force and a particle size of the wood chip granulation fuel production Calculating the difference between the height of the carpet layer and the compression displacement as a gap between the pressure roller and the ring mold in the production of the sawdust granulation fuel, and calculating the height of the carpet layer. a product of a press roll width in the production of the sawdust granulation fuel and a rotation arc length of the inner ring of the ring die as a raw material delivery amount; and a step S3, selecting one of a plurality of feed rates from a third database Calculating a product of the raw material delivery amount as a feeder rotation speed; and in step S4, selecting one of the plurality of motor frequencies of a fourth database as a driving frequency, according to the driving frequency, the feeder rotation speed, and the The press roll and the ring die gap send at least one command to a granulator to produce the sawdust granulation fuel.
在一實施例中,在從該第一資料庫選取該壓力前,本發明可 控制一壓錠機建立多種木屑在該含水率與該含油率的多種組合下於多種壓力擠壓成型的多種體密度的一關聯資料,並紀錄於該第一資料庫。該第一資料庫的建立型態可為雲端資料庫或本地資料庫等可儲存資料型態,在此容不贅述。 In an embodiment, the invention may be prior to selecting the pressure from the first database. Controlling a press machine to establish a correlation data of various wood chips in various combinations of the plurality of pressure extrusions in the various combinations of the water content and the oil content, and recording the data in the first database. The establishment type of the first database may be a storage data type such as a cloud database or a local database, and is not described here.
在一實施例中,在從該第二資料庫選取該毯層高度及該壓縮位移前,本發明可控制一拉力試驗機建立多種木屑在該含油率與該粒度的多種組合下受力壓縮產生的多種毯層高度對該反作用力、該含水率與該壓縮位移的多組關聯資料,並紀錄於該第二資料庫。 In an embodiment, before selecting the height of the carpet layer and the compression displacement from the second database, the present invention can control a tensile testing machine to establish a plurality of wood chips to be compressed under the combination of the oil content and the particle size. A plurality of sets of associated data for the reaction force, the moisture content, and the compression displacement are recorded in the second database.
在一實施例中,在從該第三資料庫的該多個入料率中選定一個前,本發明可試驗多種木屑於一進料器的多種轉速下取得的該多個入料率,並紀錄於該第三資料庫。 In one embodiment, prior to selecting one of the plurality of feed rates from the third database, the present invention can test the plurality of wood chips to obtain the plurality of feed rates at a plurality of rotational speeds of a feeder, and record The third database.
在一實施例中,在從該第四資料庫的該多個馬達頻率中選定一個前,本發明可擷取一馬達變頻器在多個馬達頻率下的多個環模轉速,並紀錄於該第四資料庫。 In an embodiment, before selecting one of the plurality of motor frequencies of the fourth database, the present invention can capture a plurality of ring mode rotational speeds of a motor frequency converter at a plurality of motor frequencies, and record The fourth database.
舉例而言,利用上述方法實施例,可將木質生質物(如:可為經破碎的生質物料;較佳為經破碎的木質生質物料;最佳為柳杉、廢棄木棧板、尤加利木(桉樹))分別經過造粒過程製成顆粒燃料。首先,可進行一體密度(Bulk density)試驗,如:應用一壓錠機(如:Carver公司的Carver 3889 Auto CH-PL等),並選用與一造粒機的擠壓孔道相似的一模具建置一擠壓孔道模擬平台,該造粒機可為一環模造粒機(如:環模擠壓孔道直徑:8mm;壓輥寬度:62mm;環模長徑比:6.25;環模內徑:225mm),該擠壓孔道模擬平台可包括一操作控制系統,用以作為人機資訊交換介面,利用該擠壓孔道模擬平台,可試驗各種木屑規格在一特定壓力下被擠壓成型為顆粒的體密度,試驗參數包括原料之種類(如:柳杉、廢棄木棧板、尤加利木(桉樹)等)、粒度(如:100mm以下,可為0.1至10mm,較佳為1至10mm)、含水率(如:可為7.7至36.81wt%;較佳為20.59至36.81wt%;最佳為20.59至36.43wt%)、含油(植物油)率(如:可為0至2wt%;較佳為2wt%)、壓力(如:0.084至0.169kN/mm2)。 For example, with the above method embodiment, the woody biomass can be used (for example, it can be a broken raw material; preferably a broken woody biomass material; preferably a cedar, an abandoned wood pallet, and especially Galicwood (eucalyptus) is pelletized by pelletizing. First, a Bulk density test can be performed, such as applying a press machine (such as Carver's Carver 3889 Auto CH-PL, etc.) and selecting a mold similar to the extrusion channel of a granulator. A squeezing tunnel simulation platform, the granulator may be a ring die granulator (for example: ring die extrusion hole diameter: 8 mm; press roll width: 62 mm; ring die length to diameter ratio: 6.25; ring die inner diameter: 225 mm) The extrusion tunnel simulation platform may include an operation control system for use as a human-machine information exchange interface, and the extrusion channel simulation platform can be used to test various wood chip sizes that are extruded into pellets under a specific pressure. Density, test parameters include the type of raw materials (such as: cedar, waste wood pallet, eucalyptus (eucalyptus), etc., particle size (eg, 100mm or less, may be 0.1 to 10mm, preferably 1 to 10mm), The water content (for example, may be 7.7 to 36.81 wt%; preferably 20.59 to 36.81 wt%; optimally 20.59 to 36.43 wt%), and the oil (vegetable oil) ratio (e.g., may be 0 to 2 wt%; preferably 2wt%), pressure (eg: 0.084 to 0.169kN/mm 2 ).
在上述體密度試驗中,顆粒燃料之空隙率約以0.3865計, 試驗結果如下表1至表3所示。 In the above bulk density test, the void ratio of the particulate fuel is about 0.3865. The test results are shown in Tables 1 to 3 below.
其中,當木屑進入該環模造粒機的一環模內即會受到撥料棒導引,而移動至一待擠壓區域,並在該待擠壓區域中堆積形成一毯層,此時,該環模造粒機的一壓輥之軸心固定於一特定位置,僅受該毯層摩擦帶動而旋轉;該毯層隨該環模旋轉,而移動至該壓輥與該環模之間。由於一壓輥與環模間隙(如:可為0.01至20mm;較佳為0.01至5mm;最佳為0.01至1mm)小於一毯層高度(如:可為0.01至20mm;較佳為0.01至10mm;最佳為0.01至5mm),因此,該毯層即會受到該壓輥與該環模擠壓,而該毯層受擠壓將產生一反作用力,該反作用力即可被用為一擠壓孔道壓力(如:可為0.01至0.169kN/mm2;較佳為0.084至0.169kN/mm2),該反作用力之來源不以此為限,且該毯層受擠壓後使該毯層高度縮小,如受擠壓後的毯層高度等於該壓輥與環模間隙,而該毯層受擠壓前後的毯層高度差值即為一壓縮位移。其中,該反作用力的大小會因該毯層被擠壓的程度而有所不同,該壓縮位移越大,該反作用力就越大。在此例中,僅以此方式為例產生所需的擠壓孔道壓力,惟不以此為限。 Wherein, when the wood chips enter a ring mold of the ring die granulator, they are guided by the material bar, and moved to a region to be pressed, and a blanket layer is formed in the area to be pressed to form a carpet layer. The axis of a pressure roller of the ring die granulator is fixed at a specific position and is rotated only by the friction of the carpet layer; the carpet layer rotates with the ring die and moves between the pressure roller and the ring die . The gap between the pressure roller and the ring mold (for example, 0.01 to 20 mm; preferably 0.01 to 5 mm; preferably 0.01 to 1 mm) is less than the height of a carpet layer (for example, 0.01 to 20 mm; preferably 0.01 to 10mm; preferably 0.01 to 5mm), therefore, the carpet layer is pressed by the pressure roller and the ring die, and the carpet layer is pressed to generate a reaction force, and the reaction force can be used as a The pressure of the extrusion channel (for example, may be 0.01 to 0.169 kN/mm 2 ; preferably 0.084 to 0.169 kN/mm 2 ), the source of the reaction force is not limited thereto, and the carpet layer is pressed to make the The height of the carpet layer is reduced. For example, the height of the carpet layer after being pressed is equal to the gap between the pressure roller and the ring mold, and the difference in the height of the carpet layer before and after the compression of the carpet layer is a compression displacement. Wherein, the magnitude of the reaction force may vary depending on the extent to which the carpet layer is squeezed, and the larger the compression displacement, the greater the reaction force. In this case, only the required extrusion channel pressure is generated in this way, but not limited thereto.
此外,為能有效產生所需的擠壓孔道壓力,還可建立木屑規格(如粒度、含水率、含油(植物油)率等)、毯層高度、反作用力之間的關聯資料。在此例中,可進行一反作用力試驗,採用一拉力試驗機(如:MTS Criterion公司的Model 43等),以量測木屑受力壓縮時的反作用力,量測條件可包括原料(如:柳杉、廢棄木棧板、尤加利木(桉樹)等)、粒度(如:10毫米以下的粒徑)、含水率(如:10~30wt%)、含油(植物油)率(如:0~2wt%)、毯層高度(如:10~20毫米)。其中,柳杉木屑受力壓縮時的量測結果如第2A至2F圖所示,廢棄木棧板木屑受力壓縮時的量測結果如第3A至3F圖所示,尤加利木(桉樹)木屑受力壓縮時的量測結果如第4A至4F圖所示。 In addition, in order to effectively generate the required extrusion channel pressure, it is also possible to establish correlation data between wood chip specifications (such as particle size, water content, oil (vegetable oil) rate, etc.), carpet height, and reaction force. In this case, a reaction force test can be performed using a tensile tester (eg MTS) Criterion's Model 43, etc., to measure the reaction force of the sawdust under compression, the measurement conditions may include raw materials (such as: cedar, discarded wood pallets, eucalyptus (eucalyptus), etc., particle size (such as : particle size below 10 mm), water content (eg 10~30wt%), oil (vegetable oil) rate (eg 0~2wt%), carpet height (eg 10~20mm). Among them, the measurement results when the cedar chips are compressed by force are shown in Figures 2A to 2F, and the measurement results when the wood chips of the discarded wood pallets are compressed by force are shown in Figures 3A to 3F, Eucalyptus (eucalyptus) The measurement results when the sawdust is compressed by force are as shown in Figs. 4A to 4F.
此外,在該環模、壓輥為一特定尺寸的情況下,該環模的轉速越慢或是原料輸送量(即入料量)越高,皆會使得該毯層高度越高。在此例中,該原料輸送量可由一進料器轉速進行控制,故可建立該原料輸送量與該進料器轉速的關聯資料,多種木屑在特定的進料器轉速下的原料輸送量的量測結果如下表4所示。 In addition, in the case where the ring mold and the pressure roller are of a specific size, the slower the rotation speed of the ring mold or the higher the material conveying amount (ie, the amount of feed), the higher the height of the carpet layer. In this case, the feed rate of the raw material can be controlled by a feeder speed, so that the correlation between the feed amount of the raw material and the speed of the feeder can be established, and the amount of raw material delivered by a plurality of wood chips at a specific feeder speed can be established. The measurement results are shown in Table 4 below.
其中,原料輸送量與進料器轉速之關係式為y=Ax2+Bx+C,y為進料器轉速(rpm),x為原料輸送量。在本例中,該環模轉速(如:可為50至355rpm;較佳為207至355rpm;最佳為260至296rpm)的控制可由一傳動馬達變頻器(如:可為10至60Hz;較佳為35至60Hz;最佳為43至50Hz)進行,還可建立該環模轉速與傳動馬達變頻器頻率的一關聯資料,如第5圖所示,惟不以此為限。以下舉例說明上述實施例的實作結果,惟不 以此為限。 Among them, the relationship between the raw material conveying amount and the feeder rotation speed is y=Ax 2 +Bx+C, y is the feeder rotation speed (rpm), and x is the raw material conveying amount. In this example, the control of the ring mode rotational speed (e.g., 50 to 355 rpm; preferably 207 to 355 rpm; preferably 260 to 296 rpm) may be controlled by a transmission motor (e.g., 10 to 60 Hz; It is preferably 35 to 60 Hz; preferably 43 to 50 Hz. It can also establish a correlation between the speed of the ring mode and the frequency of the inverter of the drive motor, as shown in Figure 5, but not limited to this. The results of the above embodiments are exemplified below, but are not limited thereto.
舉例而言,假設擬生產之顆粒規格為含水率≦15.3wt%、體密度≧600公斤/立方公尺(kg/m3),經比對上述表1至表3後,可得知該擠壓孔道壓力需0.084千牛頓/平方毫米(kN/mm2)以上。又,若一擠壓孔道直徑為8毫米(mm),配合該擠壓孔道壓力,可估算出該反作用力需4.22kN以上(擠壓孔道壓力乘以擠壓孔道截面積等於反作用力)。又,查詢該反作用力結合該壓縮位移與反作用力的關聯資料(如第2A至2F、3A至3F、4A至4F圖)及木屑規格,可得知該壓縮位移與該毯層高度。又,該毯層高度減去該壓縮位移即為該壓輥與環模間隙。又,如第6圖所示,該毯層高度h結合該壓輥寬度w、單位時間環模內圈旋轉弧長a(如:可為0.59至4.18m/sec;較佳為2.44至4.18m/sec;最佳為3.06至3.49m/sec),可用於估算該原料輸送量(如:0至59.6kg/min;較佳為0至29.8kg/min;最佳為0.245至0.587kg/min)。又,利用上述原料輸送量與進料器轉速之關係式可換算得出該進料器轉速設定值,用以取得相關生產參數(如下表5所示),各種顆粒燃料生產結果可如下表6至表8所示。 For example, suppose that the particle size to be produced is a moisture content of 5.315.3 wt% and a bulk density of 公斤600 kg/m 3 (kg/m 3 ). After comparing the above Tables 1 to 3, the extrusion can be known. The pressure in the orifice is required to be 0.084 kN/mm 2 or more. Moreover, if a pressing hole diameter is 8 mm (mm), the reaction force can be estimated to be 4.22 kN or more (the pressing hole pressure multiplied by the pressing hole cross-sectional area is equal to the reaction force). Further, the reaction force is combined with the correlation data of the compression displacement and the reaction force (such as FIGS. 2A to 2F, 3A to 3F, 4A to 4F) and the wood chip size, and the compression displacement and the height of the carpet layer are known. Moreover, the height of the carpet layer minus the compression displacement is the gap between the pressure roller and the ring mold. Further, as shown in Fig. 6, the height h of the carpet layer is combined with the width w of the press roll, and the arc length a of the inner ring of the ring mold per unit time (e.g., 0.59 to 4.18 m/sec; preferably 2.44 to 4.18 m). /sec; optimally 3.06 to 3.49 m/sec), which can be used to estimate the feed rate of the raw material (eg, 0 to 59.6 kg/min; preferably 0 to 29.8 kg/min; optimally 0.245 to 0.587 kg/min) ). Moreover, the relationship between the raw material delivery amount and the feeder rotation speed can be converted into the feeder rotation speed setting value to obtain relevant production parameters (as shown in Table 5 below), and the production results of various granular fuels can be as shown in Table 6 below. To the table shown in 8.
表6 柳杉木屑造粒燃料產製結果
承上,本發明上述實施例應用於各種木屑規格產製的顆粒燃料的體密度可達600(kg/m3)以上、堅牢度可達76%以上、含水率為15.3wt%以下、成型率80%以上。藉此,以便將顆粒燃料應用於各種需要產生熱能之場合,相較於習知燃料製造方法的規格及原料種類極為受限的情況,本發明上述實施例可應用於多種木屑原料產製的燃料,有利於提供不間斷的且符合需求的燃料。 According to the above embodiment, the granular fuel produced by using the various wood chip specifications can have a bulk density of more than 600 (kg/m 3 ), a fastness of 76% or more, a water content of 15.3 wt% or less, and a molding rate. More than 80%. Thereby, in order to apply the particulate fuel to various occasions where heat energy is required to be generated, the above-described embodiments of the present invention can be applied to fuels produced from various wood chip raw materials as compared with the specifications of conventional fuel manufacturing methods and the limited types of raw materials. It is conducive to providing uninterrupted and demanding fuel.
此外,根據本發明上述實施例,上述木屑造粒燃料的生產方法還可被實現為一電腦程式產品,可利用程式語言(如:C或Java等)撰寫而成,該電腦程式產品可儲存於一電腦可讀取之儲存裝置,如:光碟片、硬碟或隨身碟等,當一電腦(如具備資訊處理功能之處理器的個人電腦、筆記型電腦、平板電腦或伺服器電腦等)載入該儲存裝置中的電腦程式產品,即可依據該電腦程式產品執行上述木屑造粒燃料的生產方法實施例。 In addition, according to the above embodiment of the present invention, the method for producing the sawdust granulation fuel can also be implemented as a computer program product, which can be written in a programming language (such as C or Java, etc.), and the computer program product can be stored in A computer-readable storage device, such as a CD, a hard drive or a flash drive, etc., when a computer (such as a personal computer, notebook, tablet or server computer with a processor for information processing functions) The computer program product in the storage device can execute the above-mentioned production method of the wood chip granulation fuel according to the computer program product.
此外,根據本發明上述實施例,用於試驗相關參數及產製燃料的諸多裝置,如:造粒機、壓錠機、拉力試驗機及馬達變頻器等,可利用上述電腦程式產品進行控制,如:以該電腦電性連接該造粒機、壓錠機、拉力試驗機及馬達變頻器,以便整合為一自動化設備,由該電腦程式產品對該造粒機、壓錠機、拉力試驗機及馬達變頻器進行一自動控制作業,以利自動化進行上述燃料產製作業。 Further, according to the above embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of devices for testing related parameters and producing fuel, such as a granulator, a tablet press, a tensile tester, and a motor inverter, can be controlled by the above computer program product, such as The granulator, the press machine, the tensile testing machine and the motor frequency converter are electrically connected to the computer for integration into an automatic device, and the granulator, the pressing machine, the tensile testing machine and the motor are converted by the computer program product. The machine performs an automatic control operation to facilitate the above-mentioned fuel production operation.
雖然本發明已以較佳實施例揭露,然其並非用以限制本發明,任何熟習此項技藝之人士,在不脫離本發明之精神和範圍內,當可作各種更動與修飾,因此本發明之保護範圍當視後附之申請專利範圍所界定者為準。 The present invention has been disclosed in its preferred embodiments, and is not intended to limit the invention, and the present invention may be modified and modified without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The scope of protection is subject to the definition of the scope of the patent application.
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US5024559A (en) * | 1990-02-28 | 1991-06-18 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Punch for use in a pellet press |
CN201999911U (en) * | 2011-03-01 | 2011-10-05 | 苏州迪森生物能源有限公司 | Biomass molded fuel preparation system |
CN104694202A (en) * | 2010-04-19 | 2015-06-10 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | Fuel pellet, fuel pellet production method, and fuel pellet production device |
EP2948533A1 (en) * | 2012-10-25 | 2015-12-02 | Queston Inc. | Clean burning wood biomass fuel and method of producing same |
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US5024559A (en) * | 1990-02-28 | 1991-06-18 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Punch for use in a pellet press |
CN104694202A (en) * | 2010-04-19 | 2015-06-10 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | Fuel pellet, fuel pellet production method, and fuel pellet production device |
CN201999911U (en) * | 2011-03-01 | 2011-10-05 | 苏州迪森生物能源有限公司 | Biomass molded fuel preparation system |
EP2948533A1 (en) * | 2012-10-25 | 2015-12-02 | Queston Inc. | Clean burning wood biomass fuel and method of producing same |
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