TWI644480B - Stacked-circularly-polarized antenna structure - Google Patents

Abstract

A stacked circular polarization antenna structure includes: a first antenna, a second antenna, and an adhesive component. The first antenna includes a first substrate, a first electrode layer, a first ground layer, and a first feed element. The first electrode layer and the first ground layer are disposed on opposite sides of the first substrate. A feed element passes through the first substrate and is electrically connected to the first electrode layer, and is not electrically connected to the first ground layer. The second antenna includes a second substrate, a second electrode layer and a second feeding component. The second electrode layer is disposed on one surface of the second substrate, and the second feeding component passes through the second substrate and the second substrate. A substrate is electrically connected to the second electrode layer and is not electrically connected to the first ground layer. The adhesive component is adhered between the first antenna and the second antenna to be stacked into a stacked circular polarization antenna structure.

Description

Stacked circular polarization antenna structure

The invention relates to an antenna, in particular to a stacked circularly polarized antenna structure applied to a Global Positioning System (GPS).

In recent years, GPS has been widely used in many electronic communication products. From the driving of automobiles to outdoor walking or sports, GPS systems can be used for navigation. At present, the GPS navigation and positioning system is provided as a basic standard in the car or electronic communication products, or is provided for downloading and use to attract the desire to purchase. The GPS navigation and positioning system uses the satellite to simultaneously transmit the radio waves for positioning, and the user's GPS navigation and positioning system can calculate the distance between the GPS navigation and positioning system and the satellite according to the time difference, and the GPS navigation and positioning. The system itself has the operational data of these satellites, which is enough to determine the user's location.

At present, the satellite system for navigation and positioning has two mission frequencies, and the existing GPS satellite transmits a C/A code (with a length of 1023 bits) and navigation information of 50 bits per second (BPS). The time can be determined in the L1 channel signal of 1575.42 MHz. The L1 channel also includes a P/Y military signal. Existing GPS satellites will also transmit P/Y military signals on the 1227.6 MHz L2 channel signal.

Therefore, in order to receive the two transmission frequencies, the existing GPS navigation and positioning system integrates two circularly polarized antennas made of substrates of different materials (such as different dielectric constants). Together, a single signal feed can be used to enable the circularly polarized antenna to receive frequencies of 1575.42 MHz and 1227.6 MHz. Due to the use of two different dielectric constant materials, the dielectric constant of the material is not easily adjusted, which will increase the difficulty in fabricating the circularly polarized antenna.

Therefore, the main purpose of the present invention is to solve the conventional problem. The present invention clearly uses two materials with the same dielectric constant, and uses two signal feeding ends to achieve circular polarization and increase antenna bandwidth, and the two antennas are up and down. Stacked together to form two resonant frequencies.

To achieve the above objective, the present invention provides a stacked circularly polarized antenna structure, comprising: a first antenna, a second antenna, and an adhesive component. The first antenna includes a first substrate, a first electrode layer, a first ground layer and at least one first feeding component; the first substrate has a first front surface, a first back surface and at least two a first through-hole is disposed on the first front surface, the first ground layer is disposed on the first back surface; and the first feed element passes through the through hole The first feeding element is electrically connected to the first electrode layer, and the first feeding element has an end extending outside the first back surface and is not electrically connected to the first ground layer. The second antenna includes a second substrate, a second electrode layer and at least one second feeding component; the second substrate has a second front surface, a second back surface and at least one through hole extending through the first substrate The second electrode layer is disposed on the second front surface; the second feed element passes through the through hole and the other through hole, so that the second feed element is electrically connected to the second electrode layer, and the second feed The end of the component extends beyond the first back surface and is not electrically connected to the first ground layer. The adhesive component is adhered between the first antenna and the second antenna. The adhesive element prevents the first feed element from contacting the second back surface of the second substrate, and has an opening thereon, so that the second feed element passes through the through hole and then penetrates into the other through hole.

In an embodiment of the invention, the first substrate and the second substrate are ceramic materials, and the square substrate has the same dielectric constant. The first substrate and the second substrate have the same thickness, and the second substrate has the second back surface. The area is smaller than the area of the first electrode layer.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the first feeding element and the second feeding element are respectively T-shaped needles having a head thereon, and a bottom body extends from the bottom surface of the head. The rods of the first feeding element and the second feeding element penetrate the through hole and the through hole, and the head is electrically connected to the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer, respectively.

In an embodiment of the invention, the adhesive element is a double-sided tape.

In an embodiment of the invention, the through hole includes a first through hole, a second through hole, a third through hole and a fourth through hole.

In an embodiment of the present invention, a second ground layer is disposed on the second back surface of the second substrate, and the second ground layer is not electrically connected to the second feed element, and is not coupled to the first feed. Into the component contact.

In an embodiment of the present invention, when the first feeding element is two, the two first feeding elements are electrically connected to the first electrode layer through the first through hole and the second through hole respectively. The ends of the two first feeding elements extend outside the first back surface of the first substrate, and are not electrically connected to the first ground layer.

In an embodiment of the invention, the through hole in the second substrate comprises a first through hole and a second through hole.

In an embodiment of the present invention, when the second feeding element is two, the two second feeding elements are electrically connected to the second electrode layer through the first through hole and the second through hole, respectively, and The second feeding element also passes through the third through hole and the fourth through hole of the first base body, and the ends of the two second feeding elements extend outside the first back surface of the first base body, The first ground layer is electrically connected.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the two first feeding elements and the two second feeding elements are respectively T-shaped needles, each of which has a head, and the bottom surfaces of the heads Each of the two first feeding elements and the two second feeding elements penetrates into the first through hole, the second through hole and the first through hole and the second through hole The heads are electrically connected to the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer, respectively.

In an embodiment of the present invention, a second ground layer is disposed on the second back surface of the second substrate, and the second ground layer is not electrically connected to the second feed element and the two first feed elements. contact.

10‧‧‧Stacked circularly polarized antenna structure

1‧‧‧first antenna

11‧‧‧ First substrate

111‧‧‧ first positive

112‧‧‧ first back

113‧‧‧First through hole

115‧‧‧Second through hole

114‧‧‧ third through hole

116‧‧‧fourth through hole

12‧‧‧First electrode layer

13‧‧‧First ground plane

14, 14'‧‧‧ first feed element

141‧‧‧ head

142‧‧‧ rod body

2‧‧‧second antenna

21‧‧‧Second substrate

211‧‧‧ second positive

212‧‧‧ second back

213‧‧‧First perforation

214‧‧‧Second perforation

22‧‧‧Second electrode layer

23‧‧‧Second ground plane

24, 24'‧‧‧ second feed element

241‧‧‧ head

242‧‧‧ rod body

3, 4‧‧‧Adhesive components

5‧‧‧Circuit board

6, 6a, 6b, 6c‧‧‧ integrated circuits

61, 61a, 61b, 61c‧‧‧ first pin

62, 62a, 62b, 62c‧‧‧ second pin

63, 63a, 63b, 63c‧‧‧ third pin

64, 64a, 64b, 64c‧‧‧ fourth pin

51, 52‧‧‧ cable connector

1 is a perspective view showing the structure of a stacked circularly polarized antenna according to a first embodiment of the present invention; and FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view showing the structure of a stacked circularly polarized antenna according to a first embodiment of the present invention; A side cross-sectional view of a stacked circularly polarized antenna structure and a circuit board electrically fixed according to a first embodiment of the present invention; and FIG. 4 is a stacked circularly polarized antenna structure according to a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a schematic exploded view of a stacked circularly polarized antenna structure according to a third embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 6 is a schematic exploded view of a stacked circularly polarized antenna structure according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 is a schematic view showing the operational state of the stacked circularly polarized antenna structure of the fourth embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the circuit of the integrated circuit of the present invention; and Figure 9 is a stacking of the fourth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of another operational state of a fifth embodiment of the present invention. FIG.

The technical content and detailed description of the present invention are now described as follows:

Please refer to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 for a perspective view and an exploded perspective view of a stacked circularly polarized antenna structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the stacked circularly polarized antenna structure 10 of the present invention comprises: a first antenna 1, a second antenna 2 and two adhesive elements 3, 4. The second antenna 2 is stacked on the first antenna 1 to form a stacked stacked circular polarization antenna structure 10.

The first antenna 1 includes a first substrate 11, a first electrode layer 12, a first ground layer 13, and a first feed element 14. The first base 11 is a square base of ceramic material, and has a first front surface 111, a first back surface 112 and at least two through holes penetrating the first base body 1. The through holes are respectively a first through hole. 113 and a third through hole 114. The first electrode layer 12 is disposed on the first front surface 111 , and the first ground layer 13 is disposed on the first back surface 112 . In addition, the first feeding element 14 is a T-shaped needle having a head 141 thereon. The bottom surface of the head 141 extends with a rod 142. The rod 142 is inserted through the rod. In the through hole 113, the head portion 141 is electrically connected to the first electrode layer 12, and the end of the rod body 142 that passes through the first through hole 113 is not electrically connected to the first ground layer 13, but is externally connected. Electrical connection (not shown). The first antenna 1 is coupled to the first ground layer 13 by the first electrode layer 12 to resonate with the first frequency band.

The second antenna 2 includes a second substrate 21, a second electrode layer 22 and a second feed element 24. The second substrate 21 is also a square substrate having a ceramic material and the same dielectric constant, and the thickness thereof is the same as that of the first substrate 11. The area of the bottom surface (the second back surface 212) of the second substrate 21 is smaller than the first electrode layer. The area of 12 has a second front surface 211, a second back surface 212 and at least one through hole extending through the second base body 21, and the through hole is a first through hole 213. The second electrode layer 22 is disposed on the second front surface 211. In addition, the second feeding element 24 is a T-shaped needle having a head 241 thereon. The bottom surface of the head 241 extends with a rod 242. The rod of the second feeding element 24 The 242 is inserted into the first through hole 213 to electrically connect the head portion 241 to the second electrode layer 12 . The rod body 242 of the second feeding element 24 is larger than the rod body 142 of the first feeding element 14 . After the rod body 242 is inserted through the first through hole 213, it also passes through the third through hole 114 and extends outside the first back surface 112 of the first base body 1. The end of the rod body 242 does not The first ground layer 13 is electrically connected, and is also electrically connected to an external circuit board (not shown). The second antenna 2 is coupled to the first ground layer 13 by the second electrode layer 22 to resonate with the second frequency band.

The two adhesive elements 3 and 4 are respectively disposed between the first antenna 1 and the second antenna 2 and the bottom surface of the first ground layer 13 of the first antenna 1, and the adhesive element 3 The second antenna 2 is adhered to the first antenna 1 to form a stack, so that the head 141 of the first feeding component 14 does not contact the second back surface 212 of the second antenna 2, and the adhesive component A through hole 31 is defined in the through hole 31, and the through hole 31 passes through the third through hole of the rod body 242 of the second feeding element 24 114 extends outside the first back surface 112 of the first substrate 1. In the present drawing, the adhesive members 3, 4 are double-sided tape.

Please refer to FIG. 3 , which is a side cross-sectional view showing the electrical connection of the stacked circular polarization antenna structure and the circuit board according to the first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the first antenna 1 and the second antenna 2 are adhered by an adhesive element 3 to form a stacked circularly polarized antenna structure 10, and the first ground layer of the first antenna 1 is formed. There is another adhesive component 4 adhered to the stacking layer, so that the stacked stacked circularly polarized antenna structure 10 can be adhered to the circuit board 5, and the circuit board 5 is electrically fixed with two cable joints 51. 52 (shown in FIG. 7), the two cable connectors 51, 52 are electrically connected to the first feeding component 14 of the first antenna 1 and the second feeding component 24 of the second antenna 2, respectively. .

Referring to FIG. 4, it is a schematic exploded view of a stacked circularly polarized antenna according to a second embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the second embodiment is substantially the same as the first embodiment, except that a second ground layer 23 is added to the second back surface 212 of the second antenna 2, and the second feed layer is added. When the rod body 242 of the element 24 passes through the first through hole 213, the second ground layer 23 is not electrically connected, so that the second electrode layer 22 and the second ground layer 23 are coupled to resonate to a second frequency band.

Referring to FIG. 5, it is a schematic exploded view of a stacked circularly polarized antenna according to a third embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the third embodiment is substantially the same as the first embodiment, except that the first antenna 1 and the second antenna 2 are two first feeding elements 14, 14' and Two second feed elements 24, 24'. Further, two through holes are formed in the first base 11 , the through holes are a second through hole 115 and a fourth through hole 116 , and the two first feeding elements 14 , 14 ′ respectively penetrate the same a first through hole 113 and a second through hole 115, and the second base body 21 is provided with another a through hole, the through hole is a second through hole 214, and the second through feeding member 24, 24' penetrates the first through hole 213 and the second through hole 214 respectively, and then passes through the third through hole 114 and the The fourth through hole 116 is adhered to the first antenna 1 by the adhesive element 3 to form a stacked circularly polarized antenna structure 10. The second antenna 2 is stacked on the first antenna 1 to form a stacked circularly polarized antenna structure 10, and the first antenna 1 and the second antenna 2 are both fed first. The elements 14, 14' and the two second feed elements 24, 24' can be used to increase the antenna bandwidth.

Please refer to FIG. 6, which is a schematic exploded view of a stacked circularly polarized antenna according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the fourth embodiment is substantially the same as the third embodiment, except that a second ground layer 23 is added to the second back surface 212 of the second antenna 2, and the second feed element is When the rod body 242 of the 24 passes through the first through hole 213, the second ground layer 23 is not electrically connected, so that the second electrode layer 22 and the second ground layer 23 are coupled to resonate to form a second frequency band.

Please refer to FIG. 7-9, which are diagrams showing the operational state of the stacked circularly polarized antenna structure, the circuit of the integrated circuit, and the circuit block diagram of the fourth embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure: the fourth embodiment of the present invention is described in order to understand the effect of the present invention. The first antenna 1 and the second antenna 2 of the present invention are stacked into a stacked circularly polarized antenna structure 10, The first grounding layer 13 of the first antenna 1 is adhered to the adhesive component 4, so that the stacked stacked circularly polarized antenna structure 10 can be adhered to the circuit board 5, and the first two The feeding component 14, 14' is electrically connected to the first pin 61 of the integrated circuit (Hybrid) 6 on the circuit board 5 to form a first frequency band (1575.42 MHz) used by the GPS, and the second second feeding The input component 24, 24' is electrically connected to the second pin 62 of the integrated circuit (Hybrid) 6 on the circuit board 5 to form a second frequency band (1227.6 MHz) used by the GPS, and the integrated circuit can be changed depending on the requirement. 6th The three pins 63 and the fourth pin 64 are the outputs of the two signal sources (the first frequency band and the second frequency band) integrated into one signal source, and one of the pins can be selected (the third pin 63 or the fourth terminal) The foot 64) output is used to control the left-handed or right-handed polarization of the stacked circularly polarized antenna structure 10, while the other foot needs to be connected to 50 ohms.

Please refer to FIG. 10, which is another schematic diagram of the operational state of the fourth embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the first antenna 1 and the second antenna 2 are stacked into a stacked circular polarization antenna structure 10, and the first first feeding elements 14, 14' and the first integrated circuit (Hybrid) respectively The first pin 61a and the second pin 62a of 6a are electrically connected to form a first frequency band (1575.42MHZ) used by the GPS, and the second feeding elements 24, 24' are respectively coupled to the second integrated circuit ( The first pin 61b and the second pin 62b of the hybrid 6b are electrically connected to form a second frequency band (1227.6MHZ) used by the GPS, and the third pin 63a of the first and second integrated circuits 6a, 6b (or The two signal sources of the fourth pin 64a) and the 63b (fourth pin 64b) are respectively input to the first pin 61c and the second pin 62c of the third integrated circuit 6c, and then the third integrated circuit 6c The third pin 63c and the fourth pin 64c are outputs after the two signal sources are integrated into one signal source, and one of the pin positions (the third pin 63c or the fourth pin 64c) can be selected for output.

However, the above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and the equivalents thereof are all included in the scope of the present invention. Within the scope of protection, it is given to Chen Ming.

Claims (2)

A stacked circularly polarized antenna structure includes: a first antenna, a first substrate, a first electrode layer, a first ground layer, and a first feed element; the first substrate has a a first front surface, a first back surface, and two through holes extending through the first substrate. The through hole includes a first through hole and a third through hole. The first electrode layer is disposed on the first front surface. a first grounding layer is disposed on the first back surface; and the first feeding component is a T-shaped needle having a head thereon, the head surface extending a pole body, the first The rod of the feeding element penetrates into the first through hole, and the head is electrically connected to the first electrode layer, and the end of the rod of the first feeding element extends outside the first back surface, and is not The first grounding layer is electrically connected; the second antenna includes a second substrate, a second electrode layer and a second feeding component; the second substrate has a second front surface, a second back surface and at least a first through hole penetrating the first substrate; the second electrode layer is disposed on the second front surface; the second feed element The piece is a T-shaped needle having a head thereon, a bottom of the head extending a rod body, the rod of the second feeding element penetrating the first through hole and the third through hole The head of the second feeding element is electrically connected to the second electrode layer, and the end of the rod of the second feeding element extends outside the first back surface of the first substrate, not with the first ground layer The second grounding layer is electrically connected to the second feeding element and is not in contact with the first feeding element; The adhesive component is a double-sided tape that is adhered between the first antenna and the second antenna. The adhesive component prevents the first feed component from contacting the second back surface of the second substrate. The first feed element passes through the first through hole and then penetrates into the third through hole; wherein the first antenna is adhered to the first antenna, the first substrate And the second substrate is a ceramic material, and the square substrate having the same dielectric constant, the first substrate and the second substrate have the same thickness, and the second back surface of the second substrate has an area smaller than the first electrode layer. A stacked circularly polarized antenna structure includes: a first antenna, a first substrate, a first electrode layer, a first ground layer, and two first feed elements; the first substrate has a a first front surface, a first back surface, and a plurality of through holes extending through the first base body, the through hole includes a first through hole, a second through hole, a third through hole and a fourth through hole; An electrode layer is disposed on the first front surface, the first ground layer is disposed on the first back surface; and the two first feeding elements respectively have a needle having a T-shaped cross section, each of which has a head a second body extending through the first through hole and the second through hole respectively, wherein the two heads are electrically connected to the first electrode layer, respectively. The second rod end of the first feeding element extends outside the first back surface and is not electrically connected to the first ground layer. The second antenna includes a second base, a second electrode layer and two second Feeding the component; the second substrate has a second front surface, a second back surface, and two first through the first base body a second electrode layer is disposed on the second front surface; the second feeding elements respectively have a T-shaped cross section, each of which has a head, the two ends Each of the two bottom portions of the second feeding member penetrates the first through hole, the second through hole, the third through hole and the fourth through hole respectively, so that the two head portions respectively Electrically coupled to the second electrode layer, the second rod end of the second feed element extends The first back surface of the first substrate is not electrically connected to the first ground layer; the second back surface of the second substrate is provided with a second ground layer, and the second ground layer is not connected to the second ground The input component and the two first feeding components are in electrical contact; an adhesive component is a double-sided adhesive, which is adhered between the first antenna and the second antenna, and the adhesive component makes the two first feeds The input component is not in contact with the second back surface of the second substrate, and has a through hole through which the second feed component passes through the first through hole and the second through hole, and then penetrates into the third through hole and the In the fourth through hole, wherein the second antenna is adhered to the first antenna, the first substrate and the second substrate are ceramic materials, and a square substrate having the same dielectric constant, the first substrate and The second substrate has the same thickness, and the area of the second back surface of the second substrate is smaller than the area of the first electrode layer.