TWI640129B - Nfc antenna system and method of alteration of modulation depth - Google Patents
Nfc antenna system and method of alteration of modulation depth Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本發明揭示一種NFC天線系統,其具有至少一對螺線管繞組(1),其等放置於一單一平面中且具有一共同軸(3)。該等螺線管繞組(1)連接至激磁且以使得螺線管繞組(1)之磁場互相相反之一方式定向。該等螺線管繞組(1)之中部之間的距離係該等螺線管繞組(1)之長度之至少兩倍;當該等螺線管繞組(1)之長度在5 mm至20 mm之範圍內時該距離通常係35 mm至45 mm。在一較佳配置中各螺線管繞組(1)具有其自身之獨立控制之激磁元件(4),藉此激磁元件具有經連接之一調變輸入且其等具有一相同激磁頻率。該激磁元件(4)之末端位準藉由控制輸入獨立地控制以將末端位準打開及關閉,其允許調變深度之簡單改變。在一對螺線管繞組(1)中,改變可設定為在具有一25%步進之自25%至100%之一範圍內。本發明之顯著優點係減少將NFC天線放置於載體上(主要係行動電話之PCB上)所需之表面。The present invention discloses an NFC antenna system having at least one pair of solenoid windings (1) placed in a single plane and having a common axis (3). The solenoid windings (1) are connected to the excitation and are oriented in such a way that the magnetic fields of the solenoid windings (1) are opposite one another. The distance between the middle portions of the solenoid windings (1) is at least twice the length of the solenoid windings (1); when the length of the solenoid windings (1) is between 5 mm and 20 mm This distance is usually 35 mm to 45 mm in the range. In a preferred configuration, each of the solenoid windings (1) has its own independently controlled excitation element (4) whereby the excitation element has one of the modulated inputs connected and which has an identical excitation frequency. The end position of the excitation element (4) is independently controlled by the control input to open and close the end level, which allows for a simple change in modulation depth. In a pair of solenoid windings (1), the change can be set to range from 25% to 100% in a 25% step. A significant advantage of the present invention is the reduction of the surface required to place the NFC antenna on the carrier, primarily on the PCB of a mobile phone.
Description
本技術涉及一種具有至少一對螺線管繞組之天線系統,該至少一對螺線管繞組替代NFC平台中之一傳輸器之扁平螺旋天線。該天線系統佔據載體上(主要在PCB上)之比扁平螺旋天線小之表面且其允許調變深度之簡單改變。The present technology relates to an antenna system having at least one pair of solenoid windings that replaces a flat helical antenna of one of the NFC platforms. The antenna system occupies a smaller surface of the carrier (mainly on the PCB) than the flat helical antenna and it allows for a simple change in modulation depth.
扁平螺旋天線主要用於主要根據ISO/IEC 14443藉由NFC平台通訊。傳輸器之天線及接收器之天線放置成互相鄰近,通常在僅彼此上方之一位置中,且天線藉由一互相磁感應耦合通訊。天線之接近放置產生空氣變壓器之一心,如圖1上所描繪。NFC平台依13.56 MHz頻寬之全球可用且非授權無線電ISM頻率操作。資料在傳輸器與接收器之間的傳送藉由改變磁場之強度而實現。改變可為100% (OOK調變)或10% (AM)。標準ISO 14443及ISO 18092中揭示藉由磁場之強度之一改變傳送資料。接收天線通常具有含約40 mm之直徑之圓形形狀,或其具有含約42 mm寬度及約72 mm長度之矩形形狀。傳輸天線具有類似於接收天線之形狀及尺寸;此等形狀及尺寸不需要完全相同;然而,顯著差異導致不太有效之磁場流動。 扁平天線僅放置於一自由且通常較大之基板中(諸如付款卡之塑膠載體)。在將扁平天線放置於電子裝置之PCB上之情況中(例如放置於行動電話之PCB上),扁平天線之迴路顯著限制PCB之設計;因此,其限制PCB上之其他元件之放置及連接。根據公開案WO/2014/076669、WO/2013/098784,存在解決方案,其等允許傳輸能夠影響具有螺旋天線(自一小型天線)之一典型表面之傳輸器天線之強電磁場。此等公開案揭示具有一高位準之小型化之一解決方案;在將NFC天線放置於PCB上之情況中此問題並不顯著,此係由於PCB通常具有足夠大之總尺寸。 NFC天線之此技術解決方案係所要的且圖中未展示,其中NFC天線將產生具有類似於一扁平螺旋天線之形狀及尺寸之一磁場,但其將不需要用於其構造之一類似大表面,其將針對周圍連接之設計提供更多自由。Flat spiral antennas are primarily used for communication via the NFC platform primarily in accordance with ISO/IEC 14443. The antennas of the transmitter and the antennas of the receiver are placed adjacent to one another, typically in a position above one another, and the antennas are in magnetically coupled communication. The proximity of the antenna creates one of the cores of the air transformer, as depicted on Figure 1. The NFC platform operates on a globally available and unlicensed radio ISM frequency of 13.56 MHz bandwidth. The transfer of data between the transmitter and the receiver is achieved by varying the strength of the magnetic field. The change can be 100% (OOK modulation) or 10% (AM). The transmission of data by one of the intensities of the magnetic field is disclosed in the standards ISO 14443 and ISO 18092. The receiving antenna typically has a circular shape with a diameter of about 40 mm, or it has a rectangular shape with a width of about 42 mm and a length of about 72 mm. The transmit antenna has a shape and size similar to that of the receive antenna; these shapes and sizes do not need to be identical; however, significant differences result in less effective magnetic field flow. The flat antenna is placed only in a free and usually large substrate (such as a plastic carrier for a payment card). In the case where a flat antenna is placed on the PCB of an electronic device (eg, placed on a PCB of a mobile phone), the loop of the flat antenna significantly limits the design of the PCB; therefore, it limits the placement and connection of other components on the PCB. According to the publications WO/2014/076669, WO/2013/098784, there are solutions which allow transmission of a strong electromagnetic field capable of affecting a transmitter antenna having a typical surface of a helical antenna (from a small antenna). These publications disclose one solution with a high level of miniaturization; this problem is not significant in the case of placing an NFC antenna on a PCB, since the PCB typically has a sufficiently large overall size. This technical solution for NFC antennas is desirable and not shown in the figures, where the NFC antenna will produce a magnetic field having a shape and size similar to that of a flat helical antenna, but it will not require a similar large surface for its configuration. It will provide more freedom for the design of the surrounding connections.
根據本發明(其要素在於以下事實:螺線管繞組之中部之間的距離係其長度之至少兩倍,且繞組以使得繞組之磁場或互相相反之一方式定向及連接)上述不足由具有至少一定螺線管繞組之NFC天線系統大幅改正,該至少一對螺線管繞組放置於一單一平面中且螺線管繞組之縱軸係基本上相同。用於達成逆磁場之連接將較佳地以使得各螺線管繞組具有其自身之獨立控制之激磁元件之一方式達成,藉此激磁元件具有其經互連之調變輸入且激磁元件之頻率相同。 術語「螺線管繞組」主要表示具有導體之多個螺紋之一圓柱形線圈,其中該線圈之長度比其直徑大,通常線圈之長度係其直徑之至少兩倍。根據本發明之解決方案中之螺線管繞組可具有(但不需要具有)一鐵心;其亦可具有一空心。術語「基本上相同縱軸」(「縱軸係基本上相同的」)意謂完全同軸定向係最佳者,但亦達成具有稍微偏離互相位置之足夠結果。 螺線管繞組之距離對應於接收器之天線之尺寸,較佳地在由螺線管繞組之長度值設定之誤差(或極限)之邊限內。螺線管繞組應以在螺線管繞組跨越接收器之天線之平面時使得至少一些磁場線圍繞接收器之天線之繞組運行放置。 重要的係螺線管繞組具有其在反相位中之磁場,螺線管繞組在相反方向上反向定向。此與足夠軸向距離一起產生一情況,其中天線系統之外邊緣上之磁場具有非常類似於扁平螺旋天線(圖4)之形狀及緯圈之一形狀及緯圈。在中間區域中(恰在兩個螺線管繞組之軸中之位準處),磁場線之緯圈不同於扁平螺旋天線之場線之緯圈;場線變形為螺線管繞組之軸之方向,但接收器之協同效應天線在接近期間從不達到此軸之位準。在自螺線管繞組之軸之遞增距離中磁場線之緯圈較塑形為扁平螺旋天線中已知之形式,其中磁場線與接收器之扁平螺旋天線一起依對角線或垂直方式跨越平面。接收器之天線至螺線管繞組之軸之接近(近似)事實上由個別裝置之本體之厚度限制(例如由行動電話之厚度限制等等)。由具有相反定向之磁場之一對螺線管繞組達成之磁場(其足夠類似於由典型扁平螺旋天線產生之一場)之形狀,但同時節省(或備用)天線之放置必需之表面之一顯著部分。 螺線管繞組較佳地以使得接收器跨越螺線管繞組之長度之扁平螺旋天線之平面的一方式配置,如圖4上所描繪。在發明與接收器之NFC天線之共同構造協作之新天線系統期間,若螺線管繞組之長度在5 mm至20 mm之範疇內,則已展示為較佳的;即,小型繞組係足夠的。螺線管繞組之橫截面可具有任何形狀(圓形、矩形、方形、橢圓形等等),但橫截面之表面必須以使得感應之所得值在自750 nH至2 μH之範圍內且品質Q=15至25之一方式選擇。 螺線管繞組之中部之間的距離係螺線管繞組之長度之至少兩倍;較佳地中部之間的距離係35 mm至45 mm。此等尺寸不僅係天線系統之尺寸標註期間熟習技術者之常式、非發明動作之一結果。確切而言,尺寸顯現螺線管繞組應依自螺線管繞組流出之磁場圍繞接收器之扁平螺旋天線之導體且圍繞此導體運行之此互相距離放置之上述關係,藉此此扁平螺旋天線移動(接近)至螺線管繞組之平面。因此,重要的係螺線管繞組之尺寸配置對應於接收器之天線之所使用且通常標準化之尺寸。如技術之先前狀態中所提及,圓形形狀之接收天線通常具有約40 mm之一直徑,且在矩形形狀之情況中接收天線之寬度係約42 mm且其長度係約72 mm。螺線管繞組之中部之距離在35 mm至45 mm之範圍內,因此顯現與接收器之天線之尺寸接合,其否則將係獨立的,且其係獨立裝置之部分。 根據本發明之兩個螺線管繞組之互相同軸配置提出根據公開案US 2008/0238799 A1之NFC天線。然而,本公開案描述且尋求不同目標;其試圖產生以使得磁場減弱一半空間至線圈之平面且在相反方向上強化一半空間之一方式定向磁場之一可能性。因此,來自半空間之一側之磁場可在理論上直接將能量用於該平面之另一側。若實際上實現此理論預設,則將引起接收器之天線之側上之磁場的強化。在一情況中,未提前界定接收器之天線應自哪一側應接近該對螺線管繞組。所提出之發明(與公開案US 2008/0238799 A1相反)揭示螺線管繞組相對於接收器之天線之分佈之一幾何形狀及一對螺線管繞組中之磁場之相反定向,其中其他獨立激磁元件用於此後一目的。此等係用於達成該對小螺線管繞組模仿螺旋天線之一大表面之輻射(發射)之所陳述之目標必需之特徵。 兩個螺線管繞組之共同軸在自天線系統放置於其中之裝置之邊緣至少3 mm至5 mm之內部配置中。 較佳地,根據本發明之天線系統放置於行動通訊裝置中(例如放置於行動電話中)。在行動電話位於PCB之中心之情況中,螺線管繞組可放置於PCB之邊緣處。 為達成螺線管繞組上之磁場之相反定向,此等繞組具有獨立激磁;在此情況中螺線管繞組不串聯或並行連接至一共同激磁元件。 伴隨達成所傳輸之信號之調變深度之改變,若各螺線管繞組L1、L2由具有在橋接中操作之末端位準之激磁元件控制,則此係有利的。螺線管繞組L1將由A1、A3激磁且螺線管繞組L2將由A7、A8激磁。兩個激磁元件將使用相同頻率13.56 MHz操作且其等將具有MOD輸入上之共同數位調變信號。激磁元件之末端位準可藉由各自控制輸入D1、D2、D3、D4關閉,其等與MOD輸入上之數位調變信號同步。 在藉由NFC平台傳輸期間改變(更改)調變深度之新方法係在於以下事實:磁場之強度藉由以所需調變之一節奏打開及關閉激磁元件之末端位準改變。主要相較於迄今所使用之方法(其中振幅調變透過意欲插入額外損耗(通常藉由其值以調變之節奏改變之電阻)標準地實現)此係一非常有效之方法。然而,此解決方案之效能較低,且能量之損耗在與具有根據本發明之可切換末端位準之解決方案比較時係不必要的。 使用具有兩個螺線管繞組L1、L2之天線系統,可能根據關閉(0)及打開(1)激磁元件之末端位準之以下方案改變具有25%分層堆疊之四個位準中之調變深度: <TABLE border="1" borderColor="#000000" width="85%"><TBODY><tr><td><b>輸入</b></td><td><b>調變深度</b></td></tr><tr><td><b>D1</b></td><td><b>D2</b></td><td><b>D3</b></td><td><b>D4</b></td></tr><tr><td> 1 </td><td> 0 </td><td> 0 </td><td> 0 </td><td> 25% </td></tr><tr><td> 1 </td><td> 1 </td><td> 0 </td><td> 0 </td><td> 50% </td></tr><tr><td> 1 </td><td> 1 </td><td> 1 </td><td> 0 </td><td> 75% </td></tr><tr><td> 1 </td><td> 1 </td><td> 1 </td><td> 1 </td><td> 100% </td></tr></TBODY></TABLE>根據本發明之天線系統減少NFC天線之累積區域必需之表面且其亦允許調變深度之有效改變。 若使用兩對或兩對以上螺線管繞組,則達成磁場之經改良之形狀及緯圈及總輻射效能之增加。在此配置中,仍堅持個別對螺線管繞組具有共同軸且其等具有反向定向之磁場。 螺線管繞組之磁場之最佳化緯圈(如圖4中所描繪)在透過螺線管繞組之軸運行之垂直平面中達成。在部分地圍繞接收器之天線之軸旋轉之其他垂直平面中,磁場之緯圈係不同的。使用多對螺線管繞組在多個平面中達成所要緯圈。增加對之數目導致典型扁平天線之磁場之更佳模仿;然而,其將自然由PCB上之可用表面限制。關鍵的係即使在使用一單對螺線管繞組期間(其可係有利的且無需放置於PCB板上(例如放置於其邊緣上或角中)之複雜化)所提出之發明達成所要效應。 在兩對組態之情況中一對螺線管繞組之軸可在第二對之軸上垂直,藉此螺線管繞組之中部放置於圓形上。此幾何形狀產生圓形配置。在四邊形配置之情況中兩對螺線管繞組之軸係平行的。由螺線管繞組之中部界定之圓形或四邊形之表面應在自1200 mm 2至2000 mm 2之範圍內。在多對組態之情況中以使得接收器之天線中感應之信號之所得緯圈係正弦的之一方式調整個別位準(天線)之相位。激磁元件之設定可消除自根據本發明之組態之主要規則之尺寸及角度偏差。若此等幾何偏差由PCB之設計之情況要求,則偏差係可接受的。通常,PCB設計需要矩形架構,其中板上之個別元件之外表面係平行或垂直的。根據本發明之天線系統可適合地調整於此等條件。 本發明之優點主要係相較於根據各自標準之特定建議使用之扁平螺旋天線之用於放置一NFC天線之印刷電路上必需之表面的一顯著節省。所接收之一磁場以宛如其由典型扁平螺旋天線傳輸之方式在接收器之天線上偵測。無需激磁元件中之能力損耗之深度調變之有效定向及控制係另一優點。 According to the invention (the element lies in the fact that the distance between the middle portions of the solenoid winding is at least twice its length, and the windings are oriented and connected in such a way that the magnetic field of the windings or one another is opposite to each other) The NFC antenna system of a certain solenoid winding is substantially corrected, the at least one pair of solenoid windings being placed in a single plane and the longitudinal axes of the solenoid windings being substantially identical. The connection for achieving the reverse magnetic field will preferably be achieved in such a way that each of the solenoid windings has its own independently controlled excitation element, whereby the excitation element has its interconnected modulation input and the frequency of the excitation element the same. The term "solenil winding" primarily refers to a cylindrical coil having a plurality of threads of a conductor, wherein the length of the coil is greater than its diameter, and typically the length of the coil is at least twice its diameter. The solenoid winding in the solution according to the invention may have, but need not have, a core; it may also have a hollow. The term "substantially the same longitudinal axis"("the longitudinal axis is substantially the same") means that the full coaxial orientation is the best, but it also achieves sufficient results with a slight deviation from the mutual position. The distance of the solenoid winding corresponds to the size of the antenna of the receiver, preferably within the margin of the error (or limit) set by the length of the solenoid winding. The solenoid winding should be such that at least some of the magnetic field lines run around the windings of the antenna of the receiver when the solenoid windings traverse the plane of the antenna of the receiver. The important system solenoid winding has its magnetic field in the opposite phase, and the solenoid windings are oriented in opposite directions in opposite directions. This, together with a sufficient axial distance, produces a situation in which the magnetic field on the outer edge of the antenna system has a shape very similar to that of a flat helical antenna (Fig. 4) and one of the latitudes and latitudes. In the middle region (just at the level of the axes of the two solenoid windings), the latitude of the magnetic field lines is different from the latitude of the field lines of the flat helical antenna; the field lines are deformed to the axis of the solenoid winding Direction, but the synergistic antenna of the receiver never reaches the level of this axis during the approach. The latitude of the magnetic field lines in the incremental distance from the axis of the solenoid winding is more conventionally shaped as a flat helical antenna, wherein the magnetic field lines straddle the plane diagonally or vertically with the flat helical antenna of the receiver. The proximity (approximation) of the antenna of the receiver to the axis of the solenoid winding is in fact limited by the thickness of the body of the individual device (e.g., by the thickness of the mobile phone, etc.). A significant portion of the surface necessary for the placement of the magnetic field (which is sufficiently similar to that produced by a typical flat helical antenna) by one of the magnetic fields with opposite orientations, but at the same time saving (or spare) the placement of the antenna . The solenoid winding is preferably configured in a manner such that the receiver spans the plane of the flat helical antenna of the length of the solenoid winding, as depicted on FIG. During the new antenna system in which the invention and the NFC antenna of the receiver cooperate, if the length of the solenoid winding is in the range of 5 mm to 20 mm, it has been shown to be preferred; that is, the small winding is sufficient. . The cross section of the solenoid winding can have any shape (circular, rectangular, square, elliptical, etc.), but the surface of the cross section must be such that the resulting value is in the range of 750 nH to 2 μH and the quality Q =15 to 25 one way to choose. The distance between the middle portions of the solenoid windings is at least twice the length of the solenoid windings; preferably the distance between the central portions is 35 mm to 45 mm. These dimensions are not only the result of one of the routine, non-inventive actions of the familiar artisan during the dimensioning of the antenna system. Specifically, the size of the solenoid winding should be based on the relationship of the magnetic field flowing from the solenoid winding around the conductor of the flat spiral antenna of the receiver and the distance between the conductors running around the conductor, whereby the flat spiral antenna moves (close) to the plane of the solenoid winding. Therefore, the size of the important system solenoid windings corresponds to the size of the receiver's antenna and is typically standardized. As mentioned in the prior state of the art, a circular shaped receiving antenna typically has a diameter of about 40 mm, and in the case of a rectangular shape the receiving antenna has a width of about 42 mm and a length of about 72 mm. The distance between the middle of the solenoid winding is in the range of 35 mm to 45 mm, thus appearing to engage the size of the antenna of the receiver, which would otherwise be independent and part of a separate device. An NFC antenna according to the publication US 2008/0238799 A1 is proposed in accordance with the mutual coaxial arrangement of two solenoid windings according to the invention. However, the present disclosure describes and seeks different objectives; it attempts to create one of the possibilities of orienting the magnetic field in such a way that the magnetic field is reduced by half the space to the plane of the coil and one half of the space is strengthened in the opposite direction. Therefore, the magnetic field from one side of the half space can theoretically directly apply energy to the other side of the plane. If this theoretical preset is actually implemented, it will cause an enhancement of the magnetic field on the side of the antenna of the receiver. In one case, the pair of solenoid windings should be approached from which side the antenna of the receiver is not defined in advance. The proposed invention (as opposed to the publication US 2008/0238799 A1) reveals the geometry of the distribution of the solenoid windings relative to the antenna of the receiver and the opposite orientation of the magnetic fields in a pair of solenoid windings, among which other independent excitations The component is used for this latter purpose. These are used to achieve the characteristics necessary for the stated goal of the small solenoid winding to mimic the radiation (emission) of one of the large surfaces of the helical antenna. The common axis of the two solenoid windings is in an internal configuration of at least 3 mm to 5 mm from the edge of the device in which the antenna system is placed. Preferably, the antenna system according to the present invention is placed in a mobile communication device (e.g., placed in a mobile phone). In the case where the mobile phone is at the center of the PCB, the solenoid winding can be placed at the edge of the PCB. To achieve the opposite orientation of the magnetic field on the solenoid windings, the windings have independent excitation; in this case the solenoid windings are not connected in series or in parallel to a common excitation element. This is advantageous if the change in the modulation depth of the transmitted signal is achieved, if each of the solenoid windings L1, L2 is controlled by an excitation element having an end level operating in the bridge. The solenoid winding L1 will be energized by A1, A3 and the solenoid winding L2 will be energized by A7, A8. The two excitation components will operate with the same frequency 13.56 MHz and they will have a common digital modulation signal on the MOD input. The end positions of the excitation elements can be turned off by respective control inputs D1, D2, D3, D4, which are synchronized with the digital modulation signals on the MOD input. A new method of changing (changing) the modulation depth during transmission by the NFC platform is due to the fact that the strength of the magnetic field changes by opening and closing the end level of the excitation element in one of the desired modulation rhythms. This is a very effective method compared to the methods used to date (where amplitude modulation is achieved by standard means of inserting additional losses (usually by their values in a rhythm of the modulation). However, the effectiveness of this solution is low and the loss of energy is not necessary when compared to solutions having switchable end positions according to the present invention. Using an antenna system with two solenoid windings L1, L2, it is possible to change the four levels of the 25% layered stack according to the following scheme of closing (0) and opening (1) the end position of the excitation element. Change depth: <TABLE border="1"borderColor="#000000"width="85%"><TBODY><tr><td><b>Enter</b></td><td><b> Modulation depth</b></td></tr><tr><td><b>D1</b></td><td><b>D2</b></td><td ><b>D3</b></td><td><b>D4</b></td></tr><tr><td> 1 </td><td> 0 </td ><td> 0 </td><td> 0 </td><td> 25% </td></tr><tr><td> 1 </td><td> 1 </td><Td> 0 </td><td> 0 </td><td> 50% </td></tr><tr><td> 1 </td><td> 1 </td><td> 1 </td><td> 0 </td><td> 75% </td></tr><tr><td> 1 </td><td> 1 </td><td> 1 </td><td> 1 </td><td> 100% </td></tr></TBODY></TABLE> The antenna system according to the present invention reduces the surface necessary for the accumulation region of the NFC antenna and also Allows for effective changes in modulation depth. If two or more pairs of solenoid windings are used, an improved shape of the magnetic field and an increase in the latitude and total radiation efficiency are achieved. In this configuration, it is still pervasive that the individual pairs of solenoid windings have a common axis and that they have a magnetic field that is oriented in the opposite direction. The optimized latitude of the magnetic field of the solenoid winding (as depicted in Figure 4) is achieved in a vertical plane through the axis of the solenoid winding. In other vertical planes that partially rotate around the axis of the antenna of the receiver, the latitude of the magnetic field is different. Use multiple pairs of solenoid windings to achieve the desired latitude in multiple planes. Increasing the number results in a better simulation of the magnetic field of a typical flat antenna; however, it will naturally be limited by the available surface on the PCB. The key system achieves the desired effect even when using a single pair of solenoid windings, which can be advantageous and without the need to be placed on a PCB (e.g., placed on its edges or corners). In the case of two pairs of configurations, the shaft of a pair of solenoid windings may be perpendicular to the axis of the second pair, whereby the middle of the solenoid winding is placed in a circle. This geometry produces a circular configuration. In the case of a quadrilateral configuration, the axes of the two pairs of solenoid windings are parallel. The circular or quadrilateral surface defined by the middle of the solenoid winding should be in the range from 1200 mm 2 to 2000 mm 2 . In the case of multiple pairs of configurations, the phase of the individual levels (antennas) is adjusted in such a way that the resulting latitude of the signal induced in the antenna of the receiver is sinusoidal. The setting of the excitation element eliminates the size and angular deviation from the main rules of the configuration according to the invention. If such geometric deviations are required by the design of the PCB, the deviation is acceptable. In general, PCB designs require a rectangular architecture in which the outer surfaces of individual components on the board are parallel or perpendicular. The antenna system according to the present invention can be suitably adjusted to such conditions. The advantages of the present invention are primarily a significant savings over the surface necessary for placement of an NFC antenna on a flat helical antenna for use in accordance with the specific recommendations of the respective standards. One of the received magnetic fields is detected on the antenna of the receiver as if it were transmitted by a typical flat helical antenna. Another aspect of effective orientation and control that does not require depth modulation of the capability loss in the excitation component.
實例 1在根據圖2、圖3、圖4及圖5之此實例中,天線系統具有標記為L1及L2之兩個螺線管繞組 1。在此實例中螺線管繞組 1由纏繞於扁平鐵心上之導體形成且其長度係10 mm。螺線管繞組 1之感應係μH;其品質係20。 螺線管繞組 1以使得其等具有一共同縱軸 3之一方式放置於行動電話之PCB上。當元件安裝於PCB上時由共同生產不規則性引起之同軸性中之最終偏差不影響所達成之結果。螺線管繞組 1之末端距離30 mm,其對應於中部之40 mm距離。螺線管繞組之軸 3基本上與行動電話之較短邊緣平行且其自行動電話之邊緣之距離係約4 mm,其在圖5上描繪。當比較圖5與圖6上之典型NFC扁平螺旋天線時,立即明顯的係節省受NFC建置影響之表面空間。 呈兩個小型元件之形式之螺線管繞組 1在NFC裝置2之PCB之設計期間比扁平螺旋天線簡單放置。 螺線管繞組 1在相反方向上連接使得螺線管繞組之磁場在反相位中。 實例 2在此實例中來自先前實例之天線系統具有根據圖7之兩個獨立控制之激磁元件 4。 各螺線管繞組 1L1、L2由在橋接中操作之兩個末端位準控制。在調變器件將末端位準A1、A3、A7、A8打開及關閉允許將深度調變設定為在具有一25%步進之自25%至100%之範圍內。在關閉末端位準期間不存在耐熱性之能量之一不必要轉換。 實例 3在根據圖8之此實例中使用兩對相同螺線管繞組 1;其等以使得螺線管繞組 1之中部位於一圓形上之一方式配置在該圓形中且螺線管繞組 1之軸 3互相垂直且軸之交叉點在該圓形之中間。 圓形之直徑(在±10 mm之邊限內)對應於接收器之天線之尺寸。 實例 4在根據圖9之此實例中,使用兩對螺線管繞組 1,其等配置成四邊形。 螺線管繞組 1之中部在四邊形之相對側上;螺線管繞組 1之軸 3互相平行。 產業利用性產業利用性係明顯的。根據本發明,可能產業地且重複地組成及使用具有小組裝空間之NFC天線系統且亦可能有效地改變調變深度。 Example 1 In this example according to Figures 2, 3, 4 and 5, the antenna system has two solenoid windings 1 labeled L1 and L2. In this example, the solenoid winding 1 is formed of a conductor wound on a flat core and has a length of 10 mm. The inductance of the solenoid winding 1 is μH; its quality is 20. The solenoid windings 1 are placed on the PCB of the mobile phone in such a way that they have a common longitudinal axis 3 . The final deviation in the coaxiality caused by the common production irregularities when the components are mounted on the PCB does not affect the achieved results. The end of the solenoid winding 1 is 30 mm, which corresponds to a distance of 40 mm from the middle. The shaft 3 of the solenoid winding is substantially parallel to the shorter edge of the mobile phone and its distance from the edge of the mobile phone is about 4 mm, which is depicted in FIG. When comparing the typical NFC flat-helical antennas of Figures 5 and 6, immediate significant savings in surface space affected by NFC construction are achieved. The solenoid winding 1 in the form of two small components is simply placed during the design of the PCB of the NFC device 2 than the flat helical antenna. The solenoid windings 1 are connected in opposite directions such that the magnetic field of the solenoid windings is in the opposite phase. Example 2 In this example the antenna system from the previous example has two independently controlled excitation elements 4 according to Figure 7. Each of the solenoid windings 1 L1, L2 is controlled by two end levels operating in the bridge. Turning the end positions A1, A3, A7, A8 on and off in the modulation device allows the depth modulation to be set to range from 25% to 100% with a 25% step. One of the energies that do not have heat resistance during the closing of the end level does not need to be converted. Example 3 uses two pairs of identical solenoid windings 1 in this example according to Fig. 8; this is arranged in the circle in such a way that the middle of the solenoid winding 1 is on a circle and the solenoid winding The axes 3 of 1 are perpendicular to each other and the intersection of the axes is in the middle of the circle. The diameter of the circle (within the margin of ±10 mm) corresponds to the size of the antenna of the receiver. Example 4 In this example according to Fig. 9, two pairs of solenoid windings 1 were used , which were arranged in a quadrilateral shape. The middle of the solenoid winding 1 is on the opposite side of the quadrilateral; the axis 3 of the solenoid winding 1 is parallel to each other. Industrial utilization industry utilization is obvious. According to the present invention, it is possible to industrially and repeatedly constitute and use an NFC antenna system having a small assembly space and it is also possible to effectively change the modulation depth.
1‧‧‧螺線管繞組1‧‧‧Solenoid winding
2‧‧‧進場通訊(NFC)裝置 2‧‧‧Incoming Communication (NFC) device
3‧‧‧縱軸 3‧‧‧ vertical axis
4‧‧‧激磁元件 4‧‧‧Exciting components
A‧‧‧距離 A‧‧‧ distance
A1‧‧‧末端位準 A1‧‧‧ end level
A3‧‧‧末端位準 A3‧‧‧ end level
A7‧‧‧末端位準 A7‧‧‧ end level
A8‧‧‧末端位準 A8‧‧‧ end level
D1‧‧‧控制輸入 D1‧‧‧Control input
D2‧‧‧控制輸入 D2‧‧‧Control input
D3‧‧‧控制輸入 D3‧‧‧Control input
D4‧‧‧控制輸入 D4‧‧‧Control input
L1‧‧‧螺線管繞組 L1‧‧‧ Solenoid winding
L2‧‧‧螺線管繞組 L2‧‧‧ Solenoid winding
本發明由圖1至圖9進一步揭示。螺線管繞組之尺寸之所描繪之特定比率及磁場線之緯圈及多對組態之情況中之相互位置之實例係僅為繪示且無法解譯為限制保護之範疇。 圖1係根據其中典型扁平螺旋天線用於傳輸器及接收器之側上之本技術之狀態的在傳輸器與接收器之間的感應耦合期間之磁場之一示意性描繪。 圖2係具有位於共同縱軸上且具有中部之距離A之一單對螺線管繞組之一天線系統。 圖3描繪螺線管繞組附近之磁場;螺紋之數目僅為繪示。 圖4描繪具有如在自圖1之典型扁平螺旋天線之情況中之接收器之天線之位準處的一類似緯圈之螺線管繞組之磁場。 圖5係NFC通訊裝置之邊緣處之一單對螺線管繞組之放置之一實例。 圖6呈現與先前圖之一比較;其描繪根據技術之狀態之具有典型扁平螺旋天線之類似NFC裝置。 圖7係具有獨立控制之末端位準A1、A3、A7、A8之激磁元件之一方案。 圖8係圓中之四個螺線管繞組之放置之一實例。 圖9係四邊形中之四個螺線管繞組之放置之一實例。The invention is further disclosed by Figures 1 to 9. The specific ratios depicted for the dimensions of the solenoid windings and the examples of the mutual position of the latitude of the magnetic field lines and the multiple pairs of configurations are merely illustrative and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of protection. 1 is a schematic depiction of one of the magnetic fields during inductive coupling between a transmitter and a receiver in accordance with the state of the art in which a typical flat spiral antenna is used on the side of the transmitter and receiver. 2 is an antenna system having a single pair of solenoid windings on a common longitudinal axis and having a central distance A. Figure 3 depicts the magnetic field near the solenoid winding; the number of threads is only shown. 4 depicts a magnetic field of a similarly latitudinal solenoid winding having the position of the antenna of the receiver as in the case of the typical flat helical antenna of FIG. Figure 5 is an example of the placement of a single pair of solenoid windings at the edge of an NFC communication device. Figure 6 presents a comparison with one of the previous figures; it depicts a similar NFC device with a typical flat helical antenna according to the state of the art. Figure 7 is an illustration of one of the excitation elements with independently controlled end levels A1, A3, A7, A8. Figure 8 is an example of the placement of four solenoid windings in a circle. Figure 9 is an example of the placement of four solenoid windings in a quadrilateral.
Claims (16)
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US20080238799A1 (en) * | 2007-03-26 | 2008-10-02 | Sony Ericsson Mobile Communications Japan, Inc. | Near field communication antenna and mobile device |
US20120071088A1 (en) * | 2010-09-21 | 2012-03-22 | Inside Secure | NFC Card for Handheld Device |
CN103390802A (en) * | 2013-07-24 | 2013-11-13 | 深圳市江波龙电子有限公司 | NFC (near field communication) antenna module, card reader and intelligent card |
US20150130979A1 (en) * | 2013-11-08 | 2015-05-14 | Nokia Corporation | Coil Arrangement |
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US20080238799A1 (en) * | 2007-03-26 | 2008-10-02 | Sony Ericsson Mobile Communications Japan, Inc. | Near field communication antenna and mobile device |
US20120071088A1 (en) * | 2010-09-21 | 2012-03-22 | Inside Secure | NFC Card for Handheld Device |
CN103390802A (en) * | 2013-07-24 | 2013-11-13 | 深圳市江波龙电子有限公司 | NFC (near field communication) antenna module, card reader and intelligent card |
US20150130979A1 (en) * | 2013-11-08 | 2015-05-14 | Nokia Corporation | Coil Arrangement |
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