TWI638953B - Built-in shifting mechanism for medical aids - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention aims to disclose a built-in shifting mechanism of a medical aid, which comprises a spindle body, a speed regulating shaft, a driving shaft and a ring gear. The invention controls the speed-regulating shaft to rotate the corresponding plurality of driving/fixing clutches in the engaged or disengaged state to determine whether the driving/fixing clutch acts or not to achieve a plurality of gear shifts. Here, the shifting mechanism of the present invention can be coupled to the wheel, and different power transmission paths can be generated in the gear positions according to the needs of the controller to drive the wheel to travel in various terrain environments. In addition, all of the above components are designed inside a casing (hub), and are not easily affected by external environmental factors (such as external force collision, dust contamination, environmental moisture, etc.), and have a long service life.

Description

Built-in shifting mechanism for medical aids

The present invention relates to a built-in shifting mechanism of a medical aid, in particular to a shifting mechanism that can be coupled to a wheel and that can change different gear positions according to the needs of the user, thereby adjusting the power transmission mode of the wheel transmission. .

It has been found that the shifting mechanism generally used for the body drive is composed of a plurality of mechanical components (control elements, transmission components, etc.), gears, brakes, and clutches. And the shifting mechanism assembled by the components and assembled on the wheels of the vehicle body can switch different gear positions according to the rider's riding demand, so that the relevant components can be activated to achieve appropriate power transmission. A variety of power transmission modes can be generated by a plurality of gear shifts, so that the vehicle body that the operator rides can be optimized for various environments.

Since the development of the shifting mechanism, the common control modes are mainly the two types of translational motion and rotary motion. Taking a translational shifting mechanism as an example, a control element is used to operate a shaft body having a plurality of speed regulating sliders to axially translate in a groove of one of the main shafts, and corresponding to the components of the speed regulating sliders. The design is parallel to the groove, and the moving path corresponding to the speed regulating slider has an engaging or disengaging relationship, thereby switching different gear positions to change the power transmission mode.

In addition, the conventional clutch with the translating shifting mechanism mostly adopts a gear type structure, and the external tooth surface between the gears is engaged with each other, and the inner tooth surface and the speed regulating slider are locked or not to achieve the effect of rotation or braking. In this way, in order to make each component (or gear) that meshes with the speed regulating slider can be effectively actuated, it is necessary to increase the length of the shaft body of the speed regulating slider, or the shaft body of the speed regulating slider maintains a certain length. And increase the length of the groove, the result This is to cause the shifting mechanism to need additional space for the components to be accommodated and have a larger volume. Therefore, the axial space required for the translating shifting mechanism is relatively large, and the conventional structure can only be limited to the design of the eight-speed shifting.

In contrast, the rotary shifting mechanism is controlled by the rotation of the control element by the control element, and is axially displaced in the groove of the main shaft, and the components corresponding to the speed regulating slider are radially grooved. The design mode has an engaging or disengaging relationship with the moving path corresponding to the speed regulating slider, thereby converting different gear positions to change the power transmission mode. Since the components of the rotary shifting mechanism adopt a radial design manner, the axial space required for the shifting mechanism can be greatly reduced, so that the rotary shifting mechanism has a small volume, and a multi-stage shifting structure can be set in a certain space, that is, It has a design that is different from the translating shifting mechanism and has an eight-speed shift.

For the sake of the job, in view of the fact that the rotary shifting mechanism can achieve multi-step shifting and has a small volume design, the inventor has invented and improved the idea of the invention, and began to develop a rotary shifting mechanism to improve the scheme, and hope to open a match. It is used in the wheel structure of medical aids, and at the same time enhances the convenience of use of the rotary shifting mechanism to serve the public and promote the development of this industry. The medical gear of the present invention has the built-in shifting speed of the invention. The emergence of institutions.

An object of the present invention is to provide a built-in shifting mechanism of a medical aid, which combines a shifting mechanism on a wheel and adjusts different gear positions of the shifting mechanism according to the needs of the operator, so as to facilitate the vehicle body in various environments. Under the matching operation, to achieve the optimal effect.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a built-in shifting mechanism for a medical aid, comprising a spindle body having a spindle hole and a groove extending in communication with the spindle bore and opening in the spindle body. One side of the main shaft body is provided with a first fixed clutch, and the other side is provided with a second fixed clutch; a speed regulating shaft that passes through the main shaft hole and is located opposite to the groove, the speed control shaft has a first guide a slot, a second guide slot, a first recess a slot, a second fixing groove, a third guiding groove and a fourth guiding groove, the first fixing groove corresponding to the first fixed clutch, the second fixing groove corresponding to the second fixed clutch; a driving shaft The sleeve is disposed on one side of the drive shaft, a first drive clutch is disposed on one side of the drive shaft, and a second drive clutch is disposed on the other side. The first drive clutch corresponds to the first guide slot, and the second drive clutch pair a second guide groove; and a ring gear sleeved on the main shaft body, a third drive clutch is disposed on one side of the ring gear, and a fourth drive clutch is disposed on the other side, the third drive clutch corresponding to the third a guide groove, the fourth drive clutch corresponding to the fourth guide groove.

1‧‧ ‧Transmission mechanism

10‧‧‧ spindle body

100‧‧‧ spindle hole

101‧‧‧ trench

102‧‧‧Receiving Department

103‧‧‧ first gap

104‧‧‧second gap

105‧‧‧Connecting end

11‧‧‧Speed shaft

110‧‧‧first guide

111‧‧‧Second guiding channel

112‧‧‧First fixed groove

113‧‧‧Second fixed groove

114‧‧‧3rd guide channel

115‧‧‧fourth guide channel

116‧‧‧ Adjusting end

12‧‧‧Drive shaft

120‧‧‧First trench

121‧‧‧Second trench

122‧‧‧ housing room

123‧‧‧ Ribs

124‧‧‧ input

13‧‧‧Sun Gear

130‧‧‧First external tooth surface

131‧‧‧Second external tooth surface

132‧‧‧ internal tooth surface

14‧‧‧ Planetary Arm

140‧‧‧ accommodating slots

141‧‧‧ planetary gear

142‧‧‧First internal tooth surface

143‧‧‧Second internal tooth surface

15‧‧‧ring gear

150‧‧‧ third trench

151‧‧‧fourth trench

152‧‧‧ housing room

153‧‧‧ internal tooth surface

16‧‧·wheels

160‧‧‧First wheel hub cap

161‧‧‧Second wheel hub cap

162‧‧‧ accommodating space

163, 165‧‧‧ grooves

164, 166‧‧ ‧ sales block

17‧‧‧First output ratchet

170‧‧‧ internal tooth surface

171‧‧‧ Groove

18‧‧‧Second output ratchet

180‧‧‧First internal tooth surface

181‧‧‧Second internal tooth surface

182‧‧‧ Groove

19‧‧‧First slider

190‧‧‧First pin

20‧‧‧second slider

200‧‧ ‧bumps

201‧‧‧ratchet structure

202‧‧‧Control loop

203‧‧‧3rd pin

21‧‧‧ Third slider

210‧‧‧3rd pin

22‧‧‧fourth slider

220‧‧‧fourth pin

23‧‧‧Flexible parts

3‧‧‧First drive clutch

30‧‧‧First drive pawl

300‧‧‧First drive pivot end

301‧‧‧First drive control end

302‧‧‧First drive rod end

303‧‧‧First drive groove

31‧‧‧First drive elastic

32‧‧‧First drive ratchet

4‧‧‧Second drive clutch

40‧‧‧Second drive pawl

400‧‧‧Second drive pivot end

401‧‧‧Second drive control terminal

402‧‧‧Second drive rod end

403‧‧‧Second drive trench

41‧‧‧Second drive elastic parts

42‧‧‧Second drive ratchet

5‧‧‧First fixed clutch

50‧‧‧First fixed pawl

500‧‧‧First fixed pivot end

501‧‧‧First fixed control terminal

502‧‧‧First fixed rod end

503‧‧‧First fixed groove

51‧‧‧First fixed elastic parts

52‧‧‧First fixed ratchet

6‧‧‧Second fixed clutch

60‧‧‧Second fixed pawl

600‧‧‧Second fixed pivot end

601‧‧‧Second fixed control terminal

602‧‧‧Second fixed rod end

603‧‧‧Second fixed groove

61‧‧‧Second fixed elastic parts

62‧‧‧Second fixed ratchet

7‧‧‧ Third drive clutch

70‧‧‧ Third drive pawl

700‧‧‧third drive pivot end

701‧‧‧The third drive control end

702‧‧‧ Third drive rod end

703‧‧‧third drive groove

71‧‧‧ Third drive elastic

72‧‧‧ Third drive ratchet

8‧‧‧fourth drive clutch

80‧‧‧fourth drive pawl

800‧‧‧fourth drive pivot end

801‧‧‧fourth drive control end

802‧‧‧fourth drive rod end

803‧‧‧fourth drive groove

81‧‧‧4th drive elastic

82‧‧‧fourth drive ratchet

The first figure: it is the exploded view of the built-in shifting mechanism of the medical aid of the present invention; the second figure is the exploded view of the built-in shifting mechanism of the medical aid of the present invention; the third figure: The hub of the built-in shifting mechanism of the medical aid of the present invention and the first output ratchet exploded view; FIG. 4 is an exploded view of the hub and the second output ratchet of the built-in shifting mechanism of the medical aid of the present invention; Figure 5 is an exploded view of the pawl and groove of the built-in shifting mechanism of the medical aid of the present invention; Figure 6 is a sectional view of the built-in shifting mechanism of the medical aid of the present invention; Figure 7: It is a sectional view of the built-in shifting mechanism of the medical aid of the present invention; FIG. 8 is a combination diagram of the built-in shifting mechanism of the medical aid of the present invention; The invention discloses a combination of a built-in shifting mechanism of a medical aid; FIG. 10A is a first fixed clutch actuation diagram of the built-in shifting mechanism of the medical aid of the present invention; FIG. 10B is a first fixed clutch actuation diagram of the built-in shifting mechanism of the medical aid of the present invention; FIG. 11A is a view of the built-in shifting mechanism of the medical aid of the present invention; 2 fixed clutch actuation diagram 1; FIG. 11B: it is the second fixed clutch actuation diagram of the built-in shifting mechanism of the medical aid of the invention; FIG. 12A: it is the medical aid of the invention The first driving clutch actuation diagram of the built-in shifting mechanism is shown in FIG. 12; FIG. 12B is a first driving clutch actuation diagram of the built-in shifting mechanism of the medical aid of the present invention; FIG. The first gear position diagram of the built-in shifting mechanism of the medical aid of the present invention; FIG. 14 is a second gear position diagram of the built-in shifting mechanism of the medical aid of the present invention; Figure 5: It is the third gear position diagram of the built-in shifting mechanism of the medical aid of the present invention; Figure 16 is the fourth gear of the built-in shifting mechanism of the medical aid of the present invention Figure; and the seventeenth figure: it is a built-in type shifting machine for the medical aid of the present invention The clutch actuation sequence FIG.

In order to enable the reviewing committee to have a better understanding and understanding of the features and effects of the present invention, only the examples and the detailed descriptions are given to illustrate the following: Generally, patients with inconvenient movements of the lower extremities choose wheelchairs as a step. Tools, because the manual wheelchair relies on the patient's hand to push the wheel of the wheelchair forward and backward, so the wrist part of the patient is prone to repeated movement for a long time, causing chronic damage to the ligament compression (such as wrist Tunnel syndrome). Furthermore, the electric wheelchair can directly control a controller to determine the direction of wheelchair movement; however, most electric wheelchairs are constructed only by changing the speed of the electric motor to increase the speed of the wheelchair movement, and cannot be used according to the actual terrain environment. In the situation, the output torque is changed in time to change the usage pattern, and the use of power consumption is faster, and the lack of endurance cannot be improved. Accordingly, the present invention provides an improvement in the defect of the conventional medical aid, and provides a built-in shifting mechanism (hereinafter referred to as a shifting mechanism) of the medical aid, which is mounted on the wheel structure through the shifting mechanism of the present invention. In order to improve the efficiency of the car body, reduce the size of the overall structure and simplify the operation mode. In addition, the shifting mechanism of the present invention is disposed inside a casing (hub), and is not susceptible to external environmental factors (for example, external force into collision, dust contamination, environmental moisture, etc.), and has a long service life.

Referring to the first and second figures, it is an exploded view of the built-in shifting mechanism of the medical aid of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the built-in shifting mechanism 1 of the medical aid of the present invention comprises a spindle body 10, a speed regulating shaft 11, a drive shaft 12 and a ring gear 15. The spindle body 10 has a spindle hole 100 and a groove 101. The spindle hole 100 is inserted through the spindle body 10 at one end of the spindle body 10. The groove 101 communicates with the spindle hole 100 and is opened on one side of the periphery of the spindle body 10. The first fixed clutch 5 and the second fixed clutch 6 are respectively disposed on one side and the other side of the groove 101. The speed control shaft 11 is disposed opposite to the groove 101 through the spindle hole 100. The speed control shaft 11 has a first guiding groove 110, a second guiding groove 111, a first fixing groove 112 and a second fixing groove 113. a third guiding groove 114 corresponding to the first fixed clutch 5 and a second fixing groove 113 corresponding to the second fixed clutch 6. The driving shaft 12 is sleeved on the main shaft body 10, and is located in the front portion of the main shaft body 10. One driving clutch 3 is disposed on one side of the driving shaft 12, and a second driving clutch 4 is disposed on the other side, so that the first driving clutch 3 is disposed. Corresponding to the first guiding groove 110, the second driving clutch 4 corresponds to the second guiding groove 111. The ring gear 15 is sleeved on the main shaft body 10 and located at a rear portion of the main shaft body 10. One of the ring gears 15 is provided with a third drive clutch 7 and the other side is provided with a fourth drive clutch 8. In addition, the present invention further includes a sun gear 13, a planet arm 14, a first slider 19, a second slider 20, a third slider 21, and a fourth slider 22. Sun gear 13 is set on The main shaft body 10 corresponds to the first fixed clutch 5, and the planetary arm 14 is sleeved on the main shaft body 10 and corresponds to the second fixed clutch 6. The first slider 19, the second slider 20, the third slider 21, and the fourth slider 22 are respectively sleeved on the spindle body 10, and are respectively movably disposed on the first guiding slot 110, the second guiding slot 111, The third guiding groove 114 and the fourth guiding groove 115.

Please refer to the third figure and the fourth figure together, which is an exploded view of the hub and the first output ratchet of the built-in shifting mechanism of the medical aid of the present invention, and an exploded view of the hub and the second output ratchet. As shown, the shifting mechanism 1 of the present invention further includes a hub 16, a first output ratchet 17, and a second output ratchet 18. The hub 16 is a hollow cylinder, and includes a first hub cover 160, a second hub cover 161 and an accommodating space 162. The hollow portion of the hub 16 is an accommodating space 162 for the first output ratchet 17, The second output ratchet 18 and the spindle body 10 and their connected components are placed to reduce external environmental factors (such as external force collisions, dust contamination, ambient moisture, etc.) affecting the useful life of the components. The first hub cover 160 and the second hub cover 161 are a hollow cover. The first hub cover 160 covers the hub 16 and is located on one side of the accommodating space 162. The second hub cover 161 covers the hub 16 and Located on the other side of the accommodating space 162.

The first output ratchet 17 is sleeved on the drive shaft 12 and corresponds to the first drive clutch 3 and is located in the accommodating space 162 . The first output ratchet 17 has an inner tooth surface 170, and a plurality of grooves 171 are annularly disposed on the outer circumference thereof. The first output ratchet 17 and the first hub cover 160 are located in the same direction on one side of the hub 16, the hub 16 and the first hub. A plurality of grooves 163 are formed on the inner side of the end face of the cover 160 and are opposite to the grooves 171. When the first output ratchet 17 is disposed on the inner side of the end surface, the groove 171 is formed in a groove shape (not shown) opposite to the groove 163, and the plurality of pin blocks 164 are disposed on the groove formed by the grooves 171 and 163. In the middle, the first output ratchet 17 and the hub 16 are fixed in a concentric direction, and the rotation of the first output ratchet 17 will drive the hub 16 to rotate.

The second output ratchet 18 is sleeved on the ring gear 15 and corresponds to the third drive clutch 7 and the fourth drive clutch 8 and is located in the accommodating space 162 . The second output ratchet 18 has a first inner tooth surface 180 and a second inner tooth surface 181, and a plurality of grooves 182 are disposed on the outer circumference thereof. The second output ratchet 18 and the second hub cover 161 are located in the same direction on the other side of the hub 16. The receiving space 162 is provided with a plurality of grooves 165 opposite to the grooves 182. When the second output ratchet 18 is set to The accommodating space 162, the groove 182 is formed in a groove shape (not shown) opposite to the groove 165, and a plurality of pin blocks 166 are disposed in the groove body formed by the grooves 182, 165 to meet the top The two output ratchets 18 are fixed in a concentric direction with the hub 16, while the rotation of the second output ratchet 18 will drive the hub 16 to rotate.

Referring to the first and second figures, and referring to the fifth, sixth and seventh figures together, it is an exploded view of the pawl and the groove of the built-in shifting mechanism of the medical aid of the present invention, and the medical assistant There is a sectional view 1 and a sectional view 2 of the built-in shifting mechanism. As shown, the drive shaft 12 has at least one first groove 120, at least one second groove 121, and an accommodating chamber 122. The first groove 120 is disposed on one of the drive shafts 12 corresponding to the first drive clutch 3. On the side, the second groove 121 is disposed on the other side of the drive shaft 12 corresponding to the second drive clutch 4, and the accommodation chamber 122 is located inside the drive shaft 12, and a plurality of ribs 123 are ring-shaped.

The first driving clutch 3 includes at least a first driving pawl 30, a first driving elastic member 31 and a first driving ratchet 32. The first driving pawl 30 has a first driving pivot terminal 300 and a first driving. The control end 301, a first driving rod end 302 and a first driving groove 303. The first driving pawl 30 is pivotally disposed on the first groove 120. One end of the first driving pivoting end 300 is connected to the first driving control end 301, and the other end is connected to the first driving rod end 302 to pivot. A drive control end 301 and the first drive rod end 302 move relative to each other in the first groove 120. In detail, the portion of the first groove 120 where the first driving pivot terminal 300 is disposed is not in communication with the accommodating chamber 122, and the first driving pivot terminal 300 is fixed to pivot at a position. The first groove 120 is configured to communicate with the first driving control end 301 and the first driving rod end 302, and is connected to the accommodating chamber 122 to enable the first driving control end 301 to move relative to the first driving rod end 302. The receiving chamber 122 is received or protruded from the drive shaft 12. The first driving groove 303 is opened on one side of the first driving pawl 30 in parallel with the first driving control end 301 and the first driving rod end 302, and the first driving elastic member 31 (shown in FIG. 6) is disposed on the first side. A driving groove 303 is maintained to maintain a fixed direction to abut the first driving control end 301. That is, the first driving control end 301 is held in the receiving chamber 122, and the first driving rod end 302 is kept out of the driving shaft 12 to mesh with the first driving ratchet 32. The first drive ratchet 32 is the first output spine The inner tooth surface 170 of the wheel 17 surrounds the first driving pawl 30; wherein the first groove 120 determines the set number corresponding to the first driving pawl 30. In the embodiment, the first driving pawl 30 is disposed. The two are on opposite sides of the drive shaft 12 and therefore also have two first grooves 120 corresponding to the first drive pawl 30.

The first slider 19 includes a first protruding pin 190 disposed on one side of the first slider 19 and inserted into the first guiding slot 110. The first slider 19 is relatively located corresponding to the first driving clutch 3 Room 122 is placed. The rotation of the speed regulating shaft 11 causes the first protruding pin 190 to be displaced in the first guiding groove 110, and simultaneously drives the first sliding block 19 to move in the accommodating chamber 122, so that the first sliding block 19 and the first driving control end 301 are There is a relationship between abutment and separation.

The second driving clutch 4 includes at least one second driving pawl 40, a second driving elastic member 41 and a second driving ratchet 42. The second driving pawl 40 has a second driving pivot terminal 400 and a second driving. The control end 401, a second drive rod end 402 and a second drive groove 403. The second driving pawl 40 is pivotally disposed on the second groove 121, and one end of the second driving pivoting end 400 is connected to the second driving control end 401, and the other end is connected to the second driving rod end 402 to pivotally drive The second drive control end 401 and the second drive rod end 402 are relatively moved in the second groove 121. In detail, the portion of the second groove 121 that is disposed to the second driving pivot terminal 400 is not in communication with the accommodating chamber 122, and is abutted against the second driving pivot terminal 400 to be pivoted at a position. The second groove 121 is provided for the second driving control end 401 and the second driving rod end 402 to move relative to each other, and is connected to the accommodating chamber 122 to enable the second driving control end 401 and the second driving rod end 402 to move relative to each other. The receiving chamber 122 is received or protruded from the drive shaft 12. The second driving groove 403 is disposed on one side of the second driving pawl 40 in parallel with the second driving control end 401 and the second driving rod end 402, and the second driving elastic member 41 (shown in FIG. 7) is disposed on the first side. The second driving groove 403 maintains a fixed direction to abut the second driving control end 401. That is, the second drive control end 401 is held in the accommodating chamber 122, and the second drive rod end 402 is kept out of engagement with the drive shaft 12 and the second drive ratchet 42. The second driving ratchet 42 is a first inner tooth surface 142 of the planetary arm 14 , which surrounds the second driving pawl 40 ; wherein the second groove 121 determines the set number corresponding to the second driving pawl 40 , in this embodiment Medium, second drive pawl 40 Two opposite sides of the drive shaft 12 are provided, thus also having two second grooves 121 corresponding to the second drive pawl 40.

The second slider 20 includes a control ring 202 disposed inside the second slider 20 and maintaining an abutting relationship with the second slider 20, and a second protruding pin is disposed on one side of the control ring 202. 203, the second protruding pin 203 is inserted into the second guiding groove 111, and the second sliding block 20 is opposite to the accommodating chamber 122 corresponding to the second driving clutch 4. A plurality of bumps 200 are disposed on the periphery of the second slider 20. The bumps 200 are correspondingly engaged with the ribs 123 of the drive shaft 12. Therefore, the rotation of the drive shaft 12 will drive the second slider 20 to rotate. The rotation of the timing shaft 11 causes the second protrusion 203 to be displaced in the second guiding groove 111, and simultaneously drives the second slider 20 to move in the accommodating chamber 122, so that the second slider 20 and the second driving control end 401 are There is a relationship between the two. In addition, an elastic member 23 (shown in FIG. 6) is further disposed between the first slider 19 and the second slider 20, and the first slider 19 and the second slider are made by the elastic force of the elastic member 23 itself. A distance is maintained between 20 to avoid interference caused by contact between the first slider 19 and the second slider 20.

The planetary arm 14 includes a plurality of accommodating grooves 140 and planetary gears 141. The accommodating grooves 140 are disposed around the circumference of the planetary arm 14 and respectively accommodate the planetary gears 141. In addition, the planetary arm 14 has a first internal tooth surface 142 and a second internal tooth surface 143 . The first internal tooth surface 142 surrounds the second driving ratchet 42 as the second driving ratchet 42 of the second driving clutch 4 , The second internal tooth surface 143 serves as a second fixed ratchet 62 of the second fixed clutch 6 and surrounds the second fixed pawl 60.

The sun gear 13 is disposed inside the planetary arm 14 and has a first outer tooth surface 130, a second outer tooth surface 131 and an inner tooth surface 132. The first outer tooth surface 130 and the second slider of the sun gear 13 One of the ratchet structures 201 has an engaging or disengaging relationship, and the second outer tooth surface 131 of the sun gear 13 meshes with the planetary gears 141 to maintain a distance from the planetary arms 14, and the inner tooth surface 132 of the sun gear 13 As the first fixed ratchet 52 of the first fixed clutch 5, it surrounds the first fixed pawl 50.

Referring to the first and fifth figures, and referring to FIG. 10A and FIG. 10B together, it is the first fixed clutch actuation diagrams 1 and 2 of the built-in shifting mechanism of the medical aid of the present invention. As shown, the first fixed clutch 5 includes a first fixed pawl 50, a first fixed elastic member 51 and a first fixed ratchet 52. The first fixed pawl 50 has a first fixed pivot end 500, A first fixed control end 501, a first fixed rod end 502 and a first fixed groove 503. The receiving portion 102 has a receiving portion 102 above the groove 101 of the main shaft body 10, and the receiving portion 102 has a first notch 103 at a position relative to the first fixed clutch 5. The first fixed pawl 50 is pivotally disposed on the first notch 103. One end of the first fixed pivoting end 500 is connected to the first fixed control end 501, and the other end is connected to the first fixed rod end 502 to pivotally drive the first The fixed control end 501 and the first fixed rod end 502 are relatively moved relative to the first notch 103. In detail, the receiving portion 102 is provided with a portion of the first fixed pivoting end 500 for carrying the first fixed pivoting end 500 and pivoting at the first notch 103. The first notch 103 is connected to the groove 101 by the first fixed control end 501 and the first fixed rod end 502 relative moving part, so that the first fixed control end 501 and the first fixed rod end 502 can move inwardly. The groove 101 is either outwardly bent on the main shaft body 10. The first fixing groove 503 is disposed on one side of the first fixed control end 501, and the first fixing elastic member 51 (shown in FIGS. 10A and 10B) is disposed on the first fixing groove 503 to abut the first The fixed control terminal 501 maintains a fixed direction. That is, the first fixed control end 501 is held in the groove 101 and is in contact with the peripheral surface of the speed control shaft 11. The first fixed ratchet 52 is an inner tooth surface 132 of the sun gear 13 that surrounds the first fixed pawl 50.

Referring to Figures 1 and 5, and referring to Figures 11A and 11B, which are the second fixed clutch actuation diagrams 1 and 2 of the built-in shifting mechanism of the medical aid of the present invention. As shown, the second fixed clutch 6 includes a second fixed pawl 60, a second fixed elastic member 61, and a second fixed ratchet 62. The second fixed pawl 60 has a second fixed pivot end 600. A second fixed control end 601, a second fixed rod end 602 and a second fixed groove 603. The groove 101 of the main shaft body 10 has a receiving portion 102 above the receiving portion 102, and the receiving portion 102 has a second notch 104 at a position relative to the second fixed clutch 6. The second fixed pawl 60 is pivotally disposed on the second notch 104. One end of the second fixed pivoting end 600 is connected to the second fixed control end 601, and the other end is connected to the second fixed rod end 602 to pivotally drive the second The fixed control end 601 and the second fixed rod end 602 are relatively moved relative to the second notch 104. In detail, the receiving unit 102 A portion of the second fixed pivoting end 600 is provided for carrying the second fixed pivoting end 600 and is pivotable at the second notch 104. The second notch 104 is configured to communicate with the second fixed control end 601 and the second fixed rod end 602 with respect to the moving portion, and the second fixed control end 601 and the second fixed rod end 602 are relatively movable when the second fixed control end 601 and the second fixed rod end 602 are relatively moved. The groove 101 is either outwardly bent on the main shaft body 10. The second fixing groove 603 is disposed on one side of the second fixed control end 601, and the second fixing elastic member 61 (shown in FIG. 11A and FIG. 11B) is disposed on the second fixing groove 603 to abut The second fixed control terminal 601 maintains a fixed direction. That is, the second fixed control end 601 is held in the groove 101 and is in contact with the peripheral surface of the speed control shaft 11. The second fixed ratchet 62 is a second internal tooth surface 143 of the planet arm 14 that surrounds the second fixed pawl 60.

Referring to the first, second and fifth figures, the ring gear 15 has at least one third groove 150, at least one fourth groove 151, a receiving chamber 152 and an internal tooth surface 153, and the third groove 150 corresponds to the third The clutch 7 is driven to be disposed on one side of the ring gear 15, the fourth groove 151 is disposed on the other side of the ring gear 15 corresponding to the fourth drive clutch 8, and the accommodation chamber 152 is disposed inside the ring gear 15, and the ring gear 15 is disposed. The planet arms 14 are sleeved such that the inner tooth flanks 153 of the ring gear 15 mesh with the planet gears 141 of the planet arms 14.

The third driving clutch 7 includes at least a third driving pawl 70, a third driving elastic member 71 and a third driving ratchet 72. The third driving pawl 70 has a third driving pivot terminal 700 and a third driving. The control end 701, a third driving rod end 702 and a third driving groove 703. The third driving pawl 70 is pivotally disposed on the third groove 150. One end of the third driving pivoting end 700 is connected to the third driving control end 701, and the other end is connected to the third driving rod end 702 to pivot. The three drive control end 701 and the third drive rod end 702 are relatively moved in the third groove 150. In detail, the portion of the third groove 150 that is disposed to the third driving pivot terminal 700 is not in communication with the accommodating chamber 152, and is abutted against the third driving pivot terminal 700 to be pivoted at a position. The third groove 150 is provided for the third driving control end 701 and the third driving rod end 702 to move relative to each other, and is connected to the accommodating chamber 152 to enable the third driving control end 701 and the third driving rod end 702 to move relative to each other. The receiving chamber 152 is received or circumscribed to the ring gear 15 . The third driving groove 703 is opened parallel to the third driving control end 701 and the third driving rod end 702 On one side of the third driving pawl 70, a third driving elastic member 71 (shown in FIG. 6) is disposed in the third driving groove 703 to maintain a fixed direction against the third driving control end 701. That is, the third drive control end 701 is held in the accommodating chamber 152, and the third drive rod end 702 is maintained in the outer ring gear 15 and meshed with the third drive ratchet 72. The third driving ratchet 72 is the first inner tooth surface 180 of the second output ratchet 18, which surrounds the third driving pawl 70; wherein the third groove 150 determines the set number corresponding to the third driving pawl 70, in this embodiment In the example, the third drive pawl 70 is disposed on the opposite side of the ring gear 15 and thus has two third grooves 150 corresponding to the third drive pawl 70.

The third slider 21 includes a third protruding pin 210 disposed on one side of the third slider 21 and inserted into the third guiding slot 114. The third slider 21 is relatively located corresponding to the third driving clutch 7. Room 152 is provided. The rotation of the speed regulating shaft 11 causes the third protruding pin 210 to be displaced in the third guiding groove 114, and simultaneously drives the third sliding block 21 to move in the accommodating chamber 152, so that the third sliding block 21 and the third driving control end 701 are There is a relationship between the two.

The fourth driving clutch 8 includes at least a fourth driving pawl 80, a fourth driving elastic member 81 and a fourth driving ratchet 82. The fourth driving pawl 80 has a fourth driving pivot terminal 800 and a fourth driving. The control end 801, a fourth driving rod end 802 and a fourth driving groove 803. The fourth driving pawl 80 is pivotally disposed on the fourth groove 151, one end of the fourth driving pivoting end 800 is connected to the fourth driving control end 801, and the other end is connected to the fourth driving rod end 802 to pivotally drive The four drive control end 801 and the fourth drive rod end 802 are relatively moved in the fourth groove 151. In detail, the portion of the fourth groove 151 where the fourth driving pivot terminal 800 is disposed is not in communication with the accommodating chamber 152, and the fourth driving pivot terminal 800 is fixed to pivot at a position. The fourth groove 151 is configured such that the fourth driving control end 801 and the fourth driving rod end 802 are in a moving portion that communicates with the accommodating chamber 152, and when the fourth driving control end 801 and the fourth driving rod end 802 move relative to each other, The receiving chamber 152 is closed to the ring gear 15 . The fourth driving groove 803 is disposed on one side of the fourth driving pawl 80 in parallel with the fourth driving control end 801 and the fourth driving rod end 802, and the fourth driving elastic member 81 (shown in FIG. 7) is disposed on the first side. The four driving grooves 803 maintain a fixed direction against the fourth driving control end 801. Maintain The fourth drive control end 801 is received in the accommodating chamber 152, and the fourth drive rod end 802 is maintained in the outer ring gear 15 to mesh with the fourth drive ratchet 82. The fourth driving ratchet 82 is the second internal tooth surface 181 of the second output ratchet 18, which surrounds the fourth driving pawl 80. The fourth groove 151 determines the set number corresponding to the fourth driving pawl 80. In the example, the fourth drive pawl 80 is disposed on the opposite side of the ring gear 15 and thus has two fourth grooves 151 corresponding to the fourth drive pawl 80.

The fourth slider 22 includes a fourth protruding pin 220 disposed on one side of the fourth sliding block 22 and inserted in the fourth guiding slot 115. The fourth sliding block 22 is relatively located corresponding to the fourth driving clutch 8 . Room 152 is provided. The rotating shaft 11 rotates to displace the fourth protruding pin 220 in the fourth guiding groove 115, and simultaneously drives the fourth sliding block 22 to move in the accommodating chamber 152, so that the fourth sliding block 22 and the fourth driving control end 801 are There is a relationship between the two.

Referring to FIG. 5, please refer to FIG. 12A and FIG. 12B together, which is the first driving clutch actuation diagrams 1 and 2 of the built-in shifting mechanism of the medical aid of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the first drive clutch 3, the second drive clutch 4, the third drive clutch 7 and the fourth drive clutch 8 of the present invention are identical in structure and operation, except that the drive ratchet is an internal tooth of different components. The face, and the corresponding matching slider and the guide groove are different; therefore, the 遂 is described by the action of the first drive clutch 3, and the other drive clutches are not described again.

In the first stage, as shown in FIG. 12A, when the first protruding pin 190 is not rotated by the speed regulating shaft 11, the first slider 19 is driven to move in the first guiding slot 110, and is not yet at the first driving control end 301. In the lower part, the first driving pawl 30 is fixed in the first direction by the urging force of the first driving elastic member 31 (as shown in FIG. 6) (in the twelfth A picture) For example, the first driving rod end 302 is relatively moved and the other driving rod end 302 is fixed in the other direction (in the case of the twelfth A diagram, the upward tilting is performed), so the first driving pawl 30 The first drive ratchet 32 is in an engaged state. On the other hand, when the first lug 190 is rotated by the speed regulating shaft 11 to drive the first slider 19 to move in the first guiding slot 110 and is under the first driving control end 301, The first slider 19 is made to abut the first drive control end 301 The first driving pawl 30 and the first driving ratchet 32 assume an unengaged state when the first driving rod end 302 is relatively moved to be folded downward.

Referring to the fifth figure, the tenth A picture, and the tenth B picture, as shown in the figure, the first fixed clutch 5 and the second fixed clutch 6 of the present invention have the same structure and operation manner, the only difference is that the fixed ratchet is different. The inner tooth surface of the member and the corresponding matching fixed groove are different; therefore, the 遂 is described by the first fixed clutch 5, and the second fixed clutch 6 is not described again.

The first fixed control end 501 is received when the first fixed pawl 50 is not locked by the speed regulating shaft 11 and can be engaged with the first fixing groove 112 of the speed regulating shaft 11 as shown in FIG. Due to the force of the first fixed elastic member 51, it contacts the peripheral edge of the speed regulating shaft 11, and maintains the downward folding while the first fixed rod end 502 is relatively moved to lift upward; however, the first fixed pawl at this time 50 is still insufficiently in contact with the first fixed ratchet 52 to assume an unmated state. On the other hand, when the first fixed pawl 50 is rotated by the speed regulating shaft 11 and is engaged with the first fixing groove 112, the first fixed control end 501 is replaced by the first fixed elastic member 51. The force and the structural design of the first fixing groove 112 are such that the first fixed control end 501 is further folded downward, while the first fixed rod end 502 is relatively moved upwards, and the first fixed pawl is at this time. The 50 is brought into contact with the first fixed ratchet 52 to assume an engaged state.

Refer to the first, second and fifth figures, and please refer to the eighth and ninth figures together. It is the combination diagram 1 and 2 of the built-in shifting mechanism of the medical aid of the present invention. As shown in the figure, after the assembly of the shifting mechanism 1 of the present invention is completed, the spindle body 10 has a connecting end 105 protruding from the hub 16, the first hub cover 160 and the drive shaft 12, which can be transferred to a wheel structure. The shaft (not shown) is coupled by a snapping, fixing, screwing or assembling manner, and the shifting mechanism 1 is fixed to a wheel structure (not shown), and the gear shifting mechanism 1 is used to change the gear position to determine the power transmission of the wheel. mode. In addition, the regulating shaft 11 has an adjusting end 116 protruding from the hub 16, the second hub cover 161 and the main shaft body 10, and is connectable with a control element (not shown), and the rotating shaft is rotated through the control element. 11. Operate the drive/fixed clutches in a engaged or/and disengaged state. Moreover, the drive shaft 12 has an input end 124 protruding from the first hub cover 160, which can be coupled to a transmission component (not shown) Connected, and the transmission element transmits power to the drive shaft 12 to rotate, thereby transmitting power to the associated coupling element. The operation state described below will be described in detail with the wheel structure in which the shifting mechanism 1 is mounted on a manual wheelchair (not shown); however, the medical device having the wheel structure can be mounted with the shifting mechanism 1 of the present invention. The use of the invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed herein.

Referring to the first, second and fifth figures, and referring to the thirteenth figure, it is a schematic diagram of the first gear position of the built-in shifting mechanism of the medical aid of the present invention. As shown in the figure, when the user operates the control element to rotate the speed control shaft 11 so that the speed change mechanism 1 is in the first gear position, the first gear position belongs to the design of the high speed gear, and the hub 16 is in the same direction with respect to the drive shaft 12. The method of accelerating the rotation drives the wheel to move. At this time, the first drive clutch 3, the third drive clutch 7, and the second fixed clutch 6 assume an unmated state, and the second drive clutch 4, the fourth drive clutch 8, and the first fixed clutch 5 assume an engaged state (such as the seventeenth Figure shows). The transmission element transmits power to the drive shaft 12, and the drive shaft 12 drives the planetary arm 14 to rotate by the action of the second drive clutch 4. The sun gear 13 maintains a fixed one-way operation due to the engagement of the first fixed clutch 5, and the planetary arm 14 The planetary gear 141 rotates together with the ring gear 15 and the sun gear 13 , and the ring gear 15 acts on the fourth drive clutch 8 to cause the second output ratchet 18 to rotate, and the rear hub 16 accelerates in the same direction as the output power source. Start the wheel. Here, the power transmission state of the shifting mechanism 1 is the drive shaft 12 → the second drive clutch 4 → the planetary arm 14 → the planetary gear 141 → the ring gear 15 → the fourth drive clutch 8 → the second output ratchet 18 → the hub 16 → the wheel.

Refer to the first, second and fifth figures, and please refer to the fourteenth figure, which is a schematic diagram of the second gear position of the built-in shifting mechanism of the medical aid of the present invention. As shown in the figure, when the user operates the control element to rotate the speed control shaft 11 so that the speed change mechanism 1 is in the second gear position, the second gear position belongs to the design of the direct drive gear, and the wheel movement can be driven in a labor-saving manner. . At this time, the second drive clutch 4, the third drive clutch 7, the fourth drive clutch 8, the first fixed clutch 5, and the second fixed clutch 6 assume an unmated state; the first drive clutch 3, the first gear of the sun gear 13 The ratchet structure 201 of the tooth surface 130 and the second slider 20 is presented Engagement state (as shown in Figure 17). The transmission component transmits power to the drive shaft 12, and the drive shaft 12 drives the first output ratchet 17 to rotate by the action of the first drive clutch 3, while the second slider 20 meshes with the sun gear 13 to drive the planetary gear 141 to rotate; The first fixed clutch 5 and the second fixed clutch 6 are in an unmated state, so that the sun gear 13 and the planetary arm 14 are only idling, and the rear hub 16 directly engages the input power of the drive shaft 12 to start the wheel operation. Here, the power transmission state of the shifting mechanism 1 is the drive shaft 12 → the first drive clutch 3 → the first output ratchet 17 → the hub 16 → the wheel, and the sun gear 13 and the planetary arm 14 are kept idling, and there is no power output.

Refer to the first, second and fifth figures, and please refer to the fifteenth figure, which is a schematic diagram of the third gear position of the built-in shifting mechanism of the medical aid of the present invention. As shown in the figure, when the user operates the control element to rotate the speed control shaft 11 so that the speed change mechanism 1 is in the third gear position, the third gear position belongs to the neutral design, so that the hub 16 maintains the unconstrained state, and can be Auxiliary personnel push the wheels of the wheelchair to move. At this time, the first drive clutch 3, the second drive clutch 4, the third drive clutch 7, the fourth drive clutch 8, the first fixed clutch 5, and the second fixed clutch 6 all assume an unengaged state, and only the sun gear 13 The ratchet structure 201 of the first outer flank 130 and the second slider 20 assumes an engaged state (as shown in FIG. 17). The auxiliary personnel directly pushes the wheel of the wheelchair, and the second slider 20 maintains meshing with the sun gear 13 to drive the planetary gear 141 to rotate; however, the first fixed clutch 5 and the second fixed clutch 6 are in an unmated state, The sun gear 13 and the planet arm 14 are only idling. Herein, the power transmission state of the shifting mechanism 1 is that the wheel itself is driven by the auxiliary personnel, and the sun gear 13 and the planetary arm 14 are kept idling, and there is no power output.

Refer to the first, second and fifth figures, and please refer to the sixteenth figure, which is a schematic diagram of the fourth gear position of the built-in shifting mechanism of the medical aid of the present invention. As shown in the figure, when the user operates the control element to rotate the speed control shaft 11 so that the speed change mechanism 1 is in the fourth gear position, the fourth gear position belongs to the design of the reverse gear, and the hub 16 is opposite to the drive shaft 12. The method of decelerating rotation drives the wheel to move. At this time, the first drive clutch 3, the second drive clutch 4, the fourth drive clutch 8, and the first fixed clutch 5 assume an unmated state, and the third drive The clutch 7, the second fixed clutch 6, and the first outer flank 130 of the sun gear 13 and the ratchet structure 201 of the second slider 20 assume an engaged state (as shown in Fig. 17). The transmission component transmits power to the drive shaft 12, and the bumps 200 of the second slider 20 are rotated by being engaged with the ribs 123 of the drive shaft 12, while the second slider 20 is engaged with the sun gear 13 The planetary gear 141 is rotated to rotate the planetary gear 141, so that the planetary arm 14 performs a fixed one-way operation due to the action of the second fixed clutch 6. Therefore, the ring gear 15 is rotated together, and the ring gear 15 is driven by the third driving clutch 7. The second output ratchet 18 rotates, and the rear hub 16 is rotated in the reverse direction as an output power source to start the wheel operation. Here, the power transmission state of the shifting mechanism 1 is the drive shaft 12 → the second slider 20 → the sun gear 13 → the planetary gear 141 → the ring gear 15 → the third drive clutch 7 → the second output ratchet 18 → the hub 16 → the wheel.

When the shifting mechanism 1 of the present invention uses the speed regulating shaft 11 to switch the gear position, the gear positions are sequentially changed, that is, the first gear position is sequentially changed to the fourth gear position, and then the fourth gear position is switched back. The first gear position cannot be directly switched to the first gear position by the fourth gear position, or is directly switched from the first gear position to the fourth gear position. According to the design of this structure, it is to avoid the user from directly switching from the first gear (high gear) to the fourth gear (reverse gear) to cause severe deceleration, or to switch directly from the fourth gear (reverse gear). To the first gear (high gear) caused a sharp acceleration, which led to dangerous situations.

The shifting mechanism 1 of the present invention, in combination with the operation mode of the transmission component, can design the transmission component as a rocker structure (not shown) to provide a power source for the drive shaft 12 via the user back and forth swinging the rocker; wherein, when the shifting mechanism When the gear position of 1 is in the fourth gear position (reverse gear), the way the user operates the rocker remains unchanged (that is, it also pushes forward), but at this time, due to the connection mode of the shifting mechanism 1 and the wheel, The wheel is decelerated and moved backwards. Therefore, the user does not need to change the control mode of the rocker due to the change of the gear position of the shifting mechanism 1, thereby improving the operating posture of the user and making it easier to apply force, and effectively solving the manual wheelchair depends on the hand of the patient. The wheels of the wheelchair move back and forth, causing chronic damage to the ligaments (such as carpal tunnel syndrome).

In summary, the shifting mechanism taught by the present invention increases the use pattern of the wheel (high speed, direct drive, neutral, reverse, etc.) by a plurality of gear positions, instead of only a single operation mode, and can be The gears are changed in time to meet the needs of the users, so that the wheel structure of the medical aids can be optimized for operation in various environments. In addition, the rotary shifting mechanism is modified to replace the translating shifting mechanism, which is capable of matching various wheel structures that require a lighter, thinner, and smaller volumetric design, thereby having the advantage of being lightweight and reducing the use space. In addition, all components are placed inside the hub, which is not susceptible to external environmental factors and has a long service life.

Claims (10)

A built-in shifting mechanism for a medical accessory, comprising: a spindle body having a spindle hole, and a groove extending in the opening of the spindle body, the first side of the spindle body is provided with a first a fixed clutch, the other side is provided with a second fixed clutch; a speed regulating shaft that passes through the spindle hole and is located opposite to the groove, the speed regulating shaft has a first guiding slot, a second guiding slot, and a first guiding slot a fixing groove, a second fixing groove, a third guiding groove and a fourth guiding groove, the first fixing groove corresponding to the first fixed clutch, the second fixing groove corresponding to the second fixed clutch; a drive shaft is sleeved on the main shaft body, a first drive clutch is disposed on one side of the drive shaft, and a second drive clutch is disposed on the other side, the first drive clutch corresponding to the first guide groove, and the second The driving clutch corresponds to the second guiding groove; and a ring gear is sleeved on the main shaft body, a third driving clutch is disposed on one side of the ring gear, and a fourth driving clutch is disposed on the other side, the third driving clutch pair is disposed Should be the third guide The fourth of the drive clutch should fourth guide grooves. The built-in shifting mechanism of the medical aid according to claim 1, further comprising a first slider, a second slider, a third slider and a fourth slider, the first sliding The block includes a first protruding pin disposed on the first sliding block and movably inserted in the first guiding slot, the second sliding block includes a control ring and a plurality of protruding blocks, and the control ring is disposed on the first guiding block The second slider has a second protruding pin disposed on one side of the control ring, the second protruding pin is movably inserted into the second guiding slot, and the protruding ring is disposed on the second sliding a third periphery of the block, and corresponding to the plurality of ribs of the drive shaft, the third slider includes a third protruding pin disposed on the third sliding block and movably inserted in the third guiding slot. The fourth slider includes a fourth protruding pin disposed on the fourth sliding block and movably inserted into the fourth guiding rail. The built-in shifting mechanism of the medical aid according to claim 2, further comprising a planetary arm and a sun gear, the planetary arm sleeved on the main shaft body and corresponding to the second fixed clutch, and having a plurality a receiving slot and a plurality of planetary gears, wherein the receiving groove ring is disposed on the planetary arm, and respectively receiving the planetary gears, the sun gear is sleeved on the main shaft body and corresponds to the first fixed clutch, and has a first outer tooth surface and a second outer tooth surface, wherein one end surface of the second slider is a ratchet structure corresponding to the first outer tooth surface, and the inner gear surface of the planetary gear and the ring gear And the second external tooth surface is engaged. The built-in shifting mechanism of the medical aid according to claim 1, further comprising a hub, a first output ratchet and a second output ratchet, the hub having a first hub cover and a second hub a cover and an accommodating space, one side of the hub is connected to the first hub cover, and the other side is connected to the second hub cover, so that the first hub cover and the second hub cover are respectively located on one side of the accommodating space And the other side, the accommodating space is disposed inside the hub, and the spindle body, the first output ratchet and the second output ratchet are accommodated, and the first output ratchet is sleeved on the driving shaft corresponding to the first A drive clutch is disposed on the ring gear to correspond to the third and fourth drive clutches. The built-in shifting mechanism of the medical aid of claim 1, wherein the first fixed clutch comprises a first fixed pawl, a first fixed elastic member and a first fixed ratchet, the first The fixed pawl has a first fixed pivot end, a first fixed control end, a first fixed rod end and a first fixing groove, and the first fixed pawl is pivotally disposed on one of the main shaft bodies a first notch is located above the groove, one end of the first fixed pivot end is connected to the first fixed control end, and the other end is connected to the first fixed rod end to pivotally drive the first fixed control end And the first fixed rod end is opposite to the groove, the first fixing groove is formed on one side of the first fixed control end, and the first fixing elastic member is disposed on the first fixing groove to abut the a first fixed control end, the first fixed ratchet surrounding the first fixed pawl. The built-in shifting mechanism of the medical aid according to claim 1, wherein the second fixed clutch comprises a second fixed pawl, a second fixed elastic member and a second fixed ratchet, the second The fixed pawl has a second fixed pivot end, a second fixed control end, a second fixed rod end and a second fixing groove, and the second fixed pawl is pivotally disposed on the main shaft body a second notch, the second notch is located above the groove, the second fixed pivot end is connected to the second fixed control end, and the other end is connected to the second fixed rod end to pivotally drive the second fixed control The second fixing groove is opposite to the groove, the second fixing groove is formed on one side of the second fixed control end, and the second fixing elastic member is disposed on the second fixing groove to abut The second fixed control end surrounds the second fixed pawl. The built-in shifting mechanism of the medical aid of claim 1, wherein the first driving clutch comprises at least a first driving pawl, a first driving elastic member and a first driving ratchet, the first driving ratchet a driving pawl having a first driving pivot end, a first driving control end, a first driving rod end and a first driving groove, the first driving pawl being pivotally disposed on the driving shaft a first groove, one end of the first driving pivot end is connected to the first driving control end, and the other end is connected to the first driving rod end to pivotally drive the first driving control end and the first driving rod end The first driving groove is opened on one side of the first driving pawl, and the first driving elastic member is disposed on the first driving groove to abut the first driving control end. The first drive ratchet surrounds the first drive pawl. The built-in shifting mechanism of the medical aid according to claim 1, wherein the second driving clutch comprises at least one second driving pawl, a second driving elastic member and a second driving ratchet. The second driving pawl has a second driving pivoting end, a second driving control end, a second driving rod end and a second driving groove, and the second driving pawl is pivotally disposed on the driving shaft a second groove, one end of the second driving pivot end is connected to the second driving control end, and the other end is connected to the second driving rod end to pivotally drive the second driving control end and the second driving rod end The second driving groove is opposite to one side of the second driving pawl, and the second driving elastic member is disposed on the second driving groove to abut the second driving control end. The second drive ratchet surrounds the second drive pawl. The built-in shifting mechanism of the medical aid according to claim 1, wherein the third driving clutch comprises at least a third driving pawl, a third driving elastic member and a third driving ratchet. The third driving pawl has a third driving pivoting end, a third driving control end, a third driving rod end and a third driving groove, the third driving pawl being pivotally disposed on the ring gear a third groove, one end of the third driving pivot end is connected to the third driving control end, and the other end is connected to the third driving rod end to pivotally drive the third driving control end and the third driving rod end The third driving groove is opposite to one side of the third driving pawl, and the third driving elastic member is disposed on the third driving groove to abut the third driving control end. The third drive ratchet surrounds the third drive pawl. The built-in shifting mechanism of the medical aid according to the first aspect of the invention, wherein the fourth driving clutch comprises at least a fourth driving pawl, a fourth driving elastic member and a fourth driving ratchet. The fourth driving pawl has a fourth driving pivoting end, a fourth driving control end, a fourth driving rod end and a fourth driving groove, and the fourth driving pawl is pivotally disposed on the ring gear a fourth groove, one end of the fourth driving pivot end is connected to the fourth driving control end, and the other end is connected to the fourth driving rod end to pivotally drive the fourth driving control end and the fourth driving rod end The fourth driving groove is opposite to one side of the fourth driving pawl, and the fourth driving elastic member is disposed on the fourth driving groove to abut the fourth driving control end. The fourth drive ratchet surrounds the fourth drive pawl.