TWI635890B - Flow distributor for liquid descending - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a flow distributor for a liquid falling in a vertically elongated mass transfer tower, a mass transfer tower therefor, and a method of processing a fluid flow in the mass transfer tower. The flow distributor includes a central distribution member for transferring liquid to a plurality of outwardly extending side arm members, which sequentially feeds liquid into a plurality of distribution slots located below the elongated side member. The distribution trough may be oriented substantially perpendicular or parallel to the elongated side member, the distribution trough containing a packed bed disposed therein. The use of such a distributor in a vapor-liquid or liquid-liquid column results in a more uniform horizontal distribution of liquid across the diameter of the mass transfer column.

Description

Flow distributor for liquid drop

The present invention relates generally to heat and mass transfer towers, and more precisely to the use of liquid flow distributors in such towers and methods of distributing liquids using such liquid flow distributors.

The mass transfer tower is arranged to contact two liquid flows with different characteristics from each other, enabling mass and / or heat to be exchanged between different phases. The term "mass transfer tower" as used in this article is not intended to limit a tower in which mass transfer is the main purpose of the treatment of the liquid stream in the tower, but also to cover the heat transfer therein, not the mass transfer as Tower of the main purpose of the aforementioned treatment. Some mass transfer towers, such as those used in multi-component distillation and absorption applications, contact liquid or gas streams with a liquid stream, while others, such as extraction towers, can be designed to promote contact between two liquid phases of different densities . The mass transfer tower is arranged to contact a rising vapor or liquid stream with a falling liquid stream, typically along a plurality of mass transfer surfaces provided in the tower. Usually such transfer surfaces are defined in one or more regions or beds of random or structured packing arranged to promote intimate contact between two fluid phases. As a result, the quality and rate and / or extent of heat transfer between the two phases is enhanced.

To ensure maximum contact between the two fluid phases in the mass transfer column, the descending liquid must be distributed evenly as it enters the packed bed from the upper area of the column. Uneven points The cloth reduces the contact between the two phases and destroys the ratio of liquid / vapor or liquid / liquid along the cross section of the tower, which ratio should be kept substantially constant during the normal operation of the tower. Various liquid distributors are designed with the goal of uniformly distributing liquid across the upper surface of the packed bed, while still providing low pressure drop, minimal blockage, and a wide performance window.

Most dispensers carry liquid to the surface of the packing at multiple spaced locations, called the drip point. In fact, drop point density is a measure of the dispensing performance of a particular dispenser. In addition, the size of the droplets formed at the drip point is also important. If the droplet is too large, the dropping point may also be too large, and the horizontal distribution of the liquid across the surface of the filler may be hindered. If the droplets are too small, the liquid is entrained into the rising vapor or gas and taken out of the tower, thereby reducing the efficiency of heat and / or mass transfer in the tower.

Therefore, what is needed is a liquid dispenser with the ability to provide more uniform distribution of liquid per unit of packed bed surface along a series of spaced-apart drip points. The distributor should still exhibit ideal operating characteristics, such as low pressure drop, pollution resistance and performance at low operation, while being strong and flexible enough to be used in a variety of heat and mass transfer operations.

In one aspect, the invention relates to a flow distributor for descending liquid in a processing tower extending in a vertical direction. The dispenser includes a central distribution member including at least one inlet for receiving a liquid stream, and one or more liquid outlets for discharging a portion of the liquid stream from the central distribution member. The dispenser includes a plurality of elongated side members configured to receive at least a portion of a liquid flow discharged from a liquid outlet of a central distribution member. The elongated side members are spaced from each other along the length of the central distribution member in the longitudinal direction and contain one or more openings for discharging liquid therefrom. The distributor includes a plurality of distribution grooves located near the elongated side member. Each distribution slot includes a pair of elongated side walls and a substantially open floor. The elongated side walls are spaced from each other in the lateral direction To define a liquid receiving space therebetween, and the liquid receiving space is configured to receive liquid discharged from an opening of the elongated side member and discharge liquid received from a substantially open bottom plate. At least a portion of the liquid receiving space is filled with a packed bed, and the liquid discharged from the open floor of the distribution tank has passed through at least a portion of the packing.

In another aspect, the present invention relates to a mass transfer tower comprising a tower outer shell defining an open internal volume, a mass transfer bed located within the open internal volume and having an upper surface, and for receiving and distributing Liquid flows to the liquid distributor on the upper surface of the mass transfer bed. The liquid distributor includes at least a central distribution member, a plurality of elongated side members, and a plurality of distribution grooves. The elongated side member is located close to the central distribution member and extends in a direction substantially perpendicular to the extension axis of the central distribution member. The distribution slot is located near the elongated side member. Each distribution slot includes a pair of laterally spaced elongated sidewalls. At least a portion of the space defined between the elongated side walls is filled with a filler and the liquid leaving the filler disposed in the distribution tank drops to the upper surface of the underlying mass transfer bed after leaving the distribution tank.

However, another embodiment of the present invention relates to a method for processing a fluid flow in a mass transfer tower. The method includes the steps of: (a) introducing a liquid flow into a liquid flow distributor disposed within an internal volume of the mass transfer tower, wherein introducing includes conveying the liquid flow into a first distributor member in a first direction; (b) introducing The liquid flow is divided into two or more liquid portions; (c) each liquid portion is introduced into a distribution trough arranged at a lower vertical height than the distribution member, wherein the introduction includes transferring the liquid portion into the distribution trough in a second direction; (d) transmitting the liquid portions introduced into the distribution tank through the packed bed provided in the distribution tank; (e) discharging a plurality of liquid streams from the lower part of the distribution tank and flowing the liquid to a level lower than the liquid distributor On the upper surface of the mass transfer bed at an altitude; and (f) contacting at least a portion of the liquid discharged on the upper surface of the packed bed with an upwardly flowing fluid so that the heat between the liquid and the fluid flow and / Or quality transfer Move takes effect.

10‧‧‧mass transfer tower

12‧‧‧ cylindrical shell

14‧‧‧Internal area

16‧‧‧mass transfer bed

18, 118, 218‧‧‧‧ Distributors

20, 22‧‧‧fluid inlet

24‧‧‧Steam inlet

26‧‧‧Steam Outlet

13, 30, 130, 230‧‧‧ Center distribution components

28, 35‧‧‧Liquid outlet

36, 136, 236‧‧‧‧Long side members

38, 145a, 145b, 245‧‧‧ opening

36a‧‧‧upper

36b‧‧‧lower

40, 140, 240‧‧‧‧ Distributors

31, 42a, 42b, 131a, 131b, 141a, 141b, 174a, 174b, 142a, 142b, 231a, 241a, 241b, 242a, 242b, 286a, 286b

44,144,244‧‧‧‧Liquid receiving space

46a, 46b, 137a, 137b, 143a, 143b, 146a, 146b, 176, 237a, 237b

48, 147, 148‧‧‧ floor area

47‧‧‧side support elements

49, 149, 249‧‧‧ packed bed

50, 150, 250‧‧‧ filler

139, 178‧‧‧ floor

135a, 135b, 235‧‧‧ export

159‧‧‧pair

170, 270‧‧‧ side arm distributor

175‧‧‧hole

280‧‧‧Side Arm Plate

288‧‧‧long member

288a, 288b ‧‧‧ part

FIG. 1 is a partial side perspective view of a mass transfer tower having a section of a tower housing sectioned to show one embodiment of a liquid distributor configured according to the present invention provided therein; FIG. 2 is a view of FIG. 1 Top perspective view of the liquid dispenser shown in Figure 3; Figure 3 is a bottom perspective view of the liquid dispenser shown in Figures 1 and 2; Figure 4 is shown in Figures 1 to 3 The top view of the liquid dispenser taken along the line 4-4 of Figure 2 in the direction of the arrow; Figure 5 is the liquid dispenser shown in Figures 1 to 4, along the line of Figure 2 5-5 is a top perspective view of a vertical section taken in the direction of an arrow; FIG. 6 is a configuration according to another embodiment of the present invention, with a section cut away to show the packing provided in the distribution tank of the liquid distributor Top perspective view of the liquid distributor; FIG. 7 is a top perspective view of the vertical section of the liquid distributor shown in FIG. 6, taken along the line 7-7 of FIG. 6 in the direction of the arrow; FIG. 8 It is a liquid distributor shown in Figs. 6 and 7 in a vertical section taken along the line 8-8 of Fig. 6 in the direction of the arrow. Top perspective view; FIG. 9 is a top perspective view of a liquid dispenser configured according to yet another embodiment of the present invention; and FIG. 10 is a liquid dispenser shown in FIG. 9, along line 10 of FIG. -10 is a top perspective view of a vertical section taken in the direction of an arrow; and FIG. 11 is a distribution tank of the liquid distributor shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 An enlarged partial view of one of them, in particular showing the configuration of a side arm distributor and a packed bed in a distribution tank.

Turning now to the drawings, starting in more detail and starting from Figure 1, the mass transfer tower as a whole is represented by the element symbol 10 and contains an upright cylindrical shell 12, which defines an open inner area 14, in the interior In zone 14, two or more liquid flows are in a countercurrent or cocurrent relationship. At least a portion of the contact between the fluid streams in the mass transfer tower 10 is performed in one or more mass transfer beds 16 disposed in the inner region 14 along a vertical position along the height of the mass transfer tower 10. The mass transfer bed 16 may contain any type of packing, including structured packing, random packing, and combinations thereof. The mass transfer tower 10 also includes at least one liquid distributor 18 disposed above the mass transfer bed 16 and used to facilitate a more uniform horizontal distribution of one or more descending liquid streams within the mass transfer tower 10.

The mass transfer column 10 may be any suitable type of process column configured to contact two liquid streams in order to obtain fractionated products and / or otherwise cause mass transfer and / or heat transfer between different phases. For example, crude atmospheric pressure, lube vacuum, crude vacuum, fluid or thermal cracking fractionating, coking can occur in the mass transfer tower 10 Coker or visbreaker fractionating, coke scrubbing, reactor off-gas scrubbing, gas quenching, edible oil deodorization, pollution control Washing, and other processes. The mass transfer column 10 may be a vapor-liquid column configured to contact one or more rising vapor streams and falling liquid streams, and a gas-liquid column configured to contact one or more rising gas streams and falling liquid streams. Liquid towers, or liquid-liquid towers configured to promote contact between rising and falling liquid streams of different densities. Although it is roughly depicted in FIG. 1 as including a cylindrical, elongated shell, other shapes including a polygon may be used as the mass transfer tower 10. The mass transfer tower 10 is any one or more rigid materials of any suitable diameter and height and made of fluids and conditions that are ideally inert or otherwise compatible with the fluids and conditions present during operation of the mass transfer tower 10.

As shown in FIG. 1, the mass transfer tower 10 may include fluid inlets 20 and 22 for introducing a fluid stream into the interior region 14 of the mass transfer tower 10. The fluid streams introduced into the fluid inlets 20 and 22 of the mass transfer tower 10 may comprise a primary liquid stream, primarily a vapor stream, or a combined vapor or liquid stream. Typically, the flow introduced into the fluid inlet 22 is a liquid flow, while the fluid flow entering the mass transfer tower 10 through the fluid inlet 20 may be a vapor flow, a liquid flow, or a combination of vapor and liquid flows. The mass transfer tower 10 may also include a steam inlet 24 for introducing a main vapor stream into the lower portion of the mass transfer tower 10. Although shown in FIG. 1 as including only two fluid inlets 20 and 22 and a single vapor inlet 24, it should be understood that the mass transfer tower 10 may contain any suitable number of fluid or vapor inlets as needed or desired for a particular application. Place appropriately along the height of the mass transfer tower 10.

The mass transfer column 10 further includes an overhead vapor outlet 26 for discharging vapor products from the upper portion of the mass transfer column 10 and a lower liquid outlet 28 from which a liquid product stream can be extracted. Other traditional tower components, such as reflux stream lines, reboilers, condensers, vapor horns, and other similar objects may also be present in the mass transfer tower 10, but because these components are It is known and considered unnecessary for understanding the present invention, so it is not shown here.

Referring also to FIGS. 2 to 5, a liquid dispenser 18 configured according to one embodiment of the present invention will be described. The liquid distributor 18 is a pipe or ladder type At least one central distribution member 30, or at least a portion thereof, of which the diameter or chord of the mass transfer tower 10 extends horizontally. The central distribution member 30 in an embodiment depicted in FIGS. 2 to 5 may include an elongated duct member having a substantially cylindrical side wall 31. It is also conceivable to have a central distribution member 30 having other cross-sectional shapes including a polygon. In addition, although only one central distribution member 30 is included as shown in FIGS. 2 to 5, the liquid distributor 18 including two or more central distribution members 30 is also fully within the scope of the present invention.

The central distribution member 30 contains at least one liquid inlet for receiving a liquid flow therein. When the liquid passes through the central distribution member 30, it is divided into a plurality of smaller liquid portions, and the plurality of smaller liquid portions are then discharged from the central distribution member 30 through one or more liquid outlets 35. As specifically shown in FIG. 4, the liquid outlets 35 may be of any desired shape, such as circular, triangular, or even vertically elongated, and spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance along the length of the central distribution member 30. The exact number and size of the liquid outlets 35 are not particularly limited and can be selected to match the expected flow rate of liquid through the liquid distributor 18.

The individual liquid flows discharged from the central distribution member 30 through the liquid outlet 35 are sent to a plurality of elongated side members 36 which are longitudinally partitioned along the length of the central distribution member 30 and extend outwardly therefrom in a general angular direction. The elongated side members 36 are generally substantially parallel to each other and are formed in a range of about 30 ° to 150 °, about 45 ° to about 135 °, or about 60 ° to about 120 ° with respect to the central axis 37 of the central distribution member 30. Angle. Preferably, but not necessarily, each of the elongated side members may extend substantially perpendicular to the extension central axis 37 of the central distribution member 30, as shown in FIGS. 2 to 5. As used herein, the term "substantially" means within 5 ° such that an element that is "substantially vertical" is within 5 ° vertical. Any number of elongated side members 36 may be selected to achieve the desired drop point density into the underlying mass transfer bed.

The central distribution member 30 may be provided in a relationship on the elongated side member 36, such as As shown in FIG. 2 to FIG. 5, or alternatively, the central distribution member 30 and the elongated side member 36 may be arranged in a coplanar relationship, where the central distribution member 30 and the elongated side member 36 are located at substantially the same position. Vertical height. When each of the elongated side members 36 includes a separate upper portion 36a and a lower portion 36b, as shown in Figs. 2 to 5, one of the upper portion 36a (or the lower portion 36b, not shown in the embodiment) may be combined with The central distribution member 30 is disposed in a coplanar relationship, while the lower portion 36b (or the upper portion 36a, not shown in the embodiment) may be disposed at a lower vertical height than the central distribution member 30. In addition, both the upper portion 36a and the lower portion 36b may reside at substantially the same vertical height as the central distribution member 30.

As shown particularly in FIG. 5, each of the elongated side members 36 includes a plurality of openings 38 for discharging liquid from the elongated side members 36 and entering one or more distribution grooves 40, which are located near but below The vertical height position of the elongated side member 36. The openings 38 are provided along the bottom of the elongated side member 36, but in addition or alternatively, one or more openings 38 may also be positioned in the lower portion of the sidewall of the at least one elongated side member 36. In the embodiments depicted in FIGS. 2 to 5, the distribution grooves 40 are aligned in parallel with respect to the elongated side member 36, but are oriented substantially perpendicular to the central distribution member 30. Further, in the embodiments depicted in FIGS. 2 to 5, the ratio of the elongated side members 36 to the distribution groove 40 is 1: 1, so that each of the elongated side members is configured to feed a single distribution groove 40.

Each distribution tank 40 includes a pair of elongated side walls 42a and 42b that are laterally spaced from each other and define a liquid receiving space 44 therebetween. The liquid receiving space 44 is configured to receive at least a portion of the liquid discharged from the opening 38 of the elongated side member 36. The distribution slot 40 also includes a pair of opposing end walls 46a and 46b and a substantially open floor area 48 extending between the side walls 42a and 42b. As shown in FIG. 3, each distribution slot may include one or more side support elements 47 spaced along the length of the distribution slot 40, and the remaining floor area 48 is opened and configured to discharge away from each Liquid in the distribution tank 40. The number and spacing of the side support elements 47 depend in part on the materials and the intended function of the liquid distributor 18, but can also be determined by the type and size of the fillers provided in the liquid receiving space 44 of the distribution tank 40.

According to the invention, at least a part, or each distribution tank 40 contains a packed bed 49 of packing 50 arranged in the liquid receiving space 44. When liquid is introduced into the liquid receiving space 44, it passes downward through the packing 50 before leaving the distribution tank 40 through the floor area 48. All the liquid fed into the distribution tank 40, or at least most of it, passes through the packed bed 49 of the packing 50 before being discharged from the liquid distributor 18 and onto the bottom mass transfer bed 16 (FIG. 1). Functionally, the packing bed 49 of the packing 50 enhances the horizontal spreading of the liquid as the liquid flows downward through each distribution tank 40.

The filler 50 used in the distribution tank 40 may be any suitable filler type, including structured filler, random filler, and combinations thereof. When the packing 50 contains structured packing, as shown generally in Figures 2 to 5, the packing bed 49 may contain two or more (or at least three) sheets of corrugated or mesh packing extending vertically . The angle of inclination and the size of the curl of the structured packing 50 may vary depending on the dispersion rate and the desired degree. The filler may be woven or non-woven and may or may not be perforated. Preferably, at least a portion of the lower edge of the packing 50 in the packing bed 49 is jagged to generate a jagged drip stream edge and prevent liquid from collecting in the lower portion of the liquid distributor 18. In the vertical direction of the sheet of filler 50 in the packed bed 49, a "line" is discharged that discharges the liquid across the surface of the underlying mass transfer bed. These parallel drip irrigation zones across the surface of the underlying mass transfer bed enhance the Even distribution of liquid.

Turning now to FIGS. 6 to 8, a liquid dispenser 118 configured according to another embodiment of the present invention will be described. As shown in FIGS. 6 to 8, the liquid distributor 118 includes a groove-shaped center. The distribution member 130 and the central distribution member 130 include a pair of laterally spaced elongated side walls 131a and 131b extending in a substantially horizontal direction. The elongated side walls 131a and 131b are connected to the bottom by the bottom plate 139 and connected to the ends by the end walls 137a and 137b. Alternatively, the cover (not shown) may cover substantially all or at least a portion of the open area along the top end of the central distribution member 130, depending on the particular application in which the liquid dispenser 118 is to be used. Although shown as including only a single distribution member 130, embodiments having two or more central distribution members 130 or more are also contemplated and fall within the scope of the present invention.

The central distribution member 130 includes a liquid inlet (not shown) for receiving a liquid flow and a plurality of liquid outlets 135a and 135b defined in the side walls 131a and 131b of the central distribution member 130 for discharging liquid therefrom. In the alternative, one or more of the outlets 135a and 135b may be defined along the length of the bottom plate 139 of the central distribution member 130. Similar to the liquid dispenser 18 described in detail previously, the liquid dispenser 118 further includes a plurality of elongated side members 136 extending from the central distribution member 130 in an outward direction. Preferably, the elongated side member 136 is oriented perpendicular to the central distribution member 130, as shown in Figs. 6 to 8. The elongated side member 136 of the liquid distributor 118 includes an elongated groove instead of a pipe member, each of which includes a pair of lateral spaces connected to each other via a bottom plate 147 at the bottom and connected to one end by a pair of end walls 143a and 143b. Open elongated side walls 141a and 141b. Although shown in FIGS. 6 to 8 with two generally rectangular elongated side members 136, the liquid dispenser 118 may include any number of elongated side members having any cross-sectional shape including a semi-cylindrical or polygonal shape 136.

In a similar manner as previously described, the central distribution member 130 may be arranged above the elongated side member 136, as shown in Figures 6 to 8, or, alternatively, may be coplanar Position so that the central distribution member 130 and the elongated side member 136 Basically on the same horizontal plane. As specifically shown in FIG. 7, each of the elongated side members 136 includes a plurality of openings 145a, which are defined on the respective side walls 141a and 141b, and are configured to discharge liquid from each of the elongated side members 136 to one or more Lower distribution slot 140.

The liquid distributor 118 shown in FIGS. 6 to 8 is arranged in a vertical structure so that the distribution groove 140 extends in a direction substantially perpendicular to the extending direction with respect to the elongated side member 136. Therefore, each of the elongated side members 136 is configured to feed at least two different distribution grooves 140 through the discharge openings 145 a and 145 b which are longitudinally spaced along the length of the side walls 141 a and 141 b opposed to each of the elongated side members 136. As shown in FIGS. 6 to 8, the openings 145 a and 145 b are arranged in pairs 159 at lateral intervals. One opening 145 a in the pair 159 is defined by the side wall 141 a and the other opening 145 b in the pair 159 is opposed. The side wall 141b is defined. The openings 145a and 145b of each pair 159 may be directly opposite to each other, or one of the openings 145a and 145b may be horizontally and / or vertically offset from the other opening 145b or 145a (not shown in the embodiment). . Although shown as being defined below the side wall portions 141a, 141b, one or more openings 145a or 145b may also be defined in different positions within the side walls 141a and 141b or in the bottom plate 147 of the elongated side member 136.

When arranged in a vertical arrangement, as shown in FIGS. 6 to 8, the openings 145 a and 145 b of the pair 159 may be arranged to feed the same distribution slot 140. The number of openings 145a and 145b of the pair 159 generally corresponds to the number of distribution slots 140 configured to feed each elongated side member 136. In addition, one or more elongated side members 136 may be configured to feed the same distribution groove 146 as shown generally in FIGS. 6 to 8. Depending on the size and particular tower operation, suitably at least two, at least three, or at least four elongated side members 136 may be configured to feed a single distribution slot 146.

The liquid distributor 118 may further include a plurality of side arm distributors 170 to facilitate the flow of liquid between the elongated side member 136 and the distribution tank 140. As shown in FIGS. 6 to 8, the side arm distributor 170 includes a pair of spaced apart side wall portions 174 a and 174 b, and a single end wall 176 provided at an outer end of the side arm distributor 170. The side walls 141 a and 141 b of the elongated side member 136 are connected to the side walls 174 a and 174 b of the side arm distributor 170 at the other ends thereof. Generally, as shown in FIG. 8, the side arm distributor 170 is opened at the top and includes a bottom plate 178 for allowing liquid to flow from the elongated side member 136 into each of the distribution grooves 140. As shown in FIG. 8, the bottom plate 178 of each side arm distributor 170 includes a plurality of holes 175 for discharging liquid to the distribution tank 140. Each side arm distributor 170 is used to spread the liquid discharged from the side arm distributor 170 throughout the distribution groove 140 in a direction substantially perpendicular to the extending direction of each distribution groove 140. The holes 175 defined in the bottom plate 178 (or, alternatively, the lower portions of the side walls 174a and 174b) are spaced at a predetermined distance to provide the required amount of liquid to the distribution tank 140, and at desired positions within the tank 140 .

As shown in FIGS. 6 to 8, each distribution groove 140 includes a pair of elongated side walls 142 a and 142 b laterally spaced from each other to define a liquid receiving space 144 therebetween. The distribution tank 140 further includes a pair of end walls 146 a and 146 b provided at substantially opposite ends of the liquid receiving space 144. The top of the distribution tank 140 is open, and the bottom plate area 148 may also be substantially open, except for maintaining the shape of the distribution tank 140 and / or the filler supported therein at a predetermined distance along the length of the tank. Some lateral supports (not shown) extend between the side walls 142a and 142b.

As shown in FIGS. 6 to 8, the liquid distributor 118 further includes a packing bed 149 of the packing 150 provided in the liquid receiving space 144. Packed bed 149 is configured such that the liquid passes through the packing 150 before leaving the floor area 148 of the substantially open distribution tank 140. At least a portion of the feed is fed into the distribution tank 140. As described above, the filler 150 may be a regular or random filler, and may include a wire mesh or gauze-type filler, as generally depicted in FIGS. 6 to 8. Alternatively, any other type of filler or filling arrangement previously described may be used in the distribution tank 140. Similar to the liquid distributor 18, the distribution tank 140 of the distributor 118 is the only component of the distributor 118 that includes the filler 150. Both the central distribution member 130 and the elongated side member 136 define a substantially hollow liquid storage space, and the liquid storage space does not include any type of filler disposed therein.

Turning now to FIGS. 9 to 11, a modification of the liquid distributor 118 is shown as a liquid distributor 218, and is shown as including a central distribution member 230 and a close, but higher vertical height than the elongated distribution slot 240. A plurality of elongated side members 236. As described in the previous embodiments shown in FIGS. 6 to 8, the central distribution member 230 includes an opening having a pair of side walls 231a and 231b, a pair of opposite end walls 237a and 237b, and a plurality of liquid outlets 235 End grooves for feeding the liquid accommodated in the central distribution member 230 into each of the elongated side members 236. The central distribution member 230 may be placed at a higher vertical height than each of the elongated side members 236, as shown approximately in Figs. 9 and 10, but the central distribution member 230 and the elongated side members 236 are disposed at Embodiments of a coplanar configuration are also within the scope of the present invention.

The liquid distributors 218 shown in FIGS. 9 to 11 are arranged in parallel so that the distribution grooves 240 extend in a direction substantially parallel to the extending direction of the elongated side member 236. Each elongated side member 236 is configured to feed two or more different distribution slots 240, but each distribution slot 240 is fed from a single elongated side member 236. However, when the parallel arrangement is shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the discharge opening provided on one of the given side walls 241a or 241b may be configured to feed liquid into a single distribution tank 240, as shown in FIG. 9 And first Figure 10 shows. Therefore, in this configuration, each distribution tank 240 is configured to receive liquid from a single elongated side member 236.

The liquid flow between the elongated side member 236 and the distribution tank 240 may also be facilitated by a plurality of side arm distributors 270 positioned close to each discharge opening 245. Suitable for use with the side arm distributor 270 in this embodiment, the close-up view provided in Figure 11 is particularly shown and includes an elongated member 288 with an open top, with opposing side walls 288a and 288b, which extend through the distribution slot The side wall 242b of 240 also enters the liquid receiving space 244. One portion 288a of the elongated member may be positioned at a lower vertical height than the other portion 288b of the elongated member, thereby giving the side arm distributor 270 a substantially stepped profile. When the liquid passes through the discharge opening 245 of the elongated side member 236, it enters the elongated member 288 and passes through the side wall 242b into the liquid receiving space 244 of the distribution groove 240. Thereafter, the liquid falls through the packing bed 249 of the packing 250 before being discharged out of the distribution tank 240 through a floor area (not shown). The distribution slot 240 may be physically connected to the elongated side member 236 by a side arm distributor 270 via a side arm piece 280 extending horizontally from the upper edge of the elongated member 288 and configured to be inserted into the distribution slot 240. Corresponding grooves in the sidewall 242a. This attachment member is exemplary, and other devices or structures may be used within the scope of the present invention.

As shown in FIGS. 9 to 11, the liquid distributor 218 is shown to utilize random packing in a packed bed 249 of the packing 250. Additionally or in the alternative, structured or wire mesh fillers may be used, and the details of the filler 250 are similar to those previously described.

Referring again to FIG. 1, when the lowered liquid is discharged from the distribution tank 40 of the liquid distributor 18, it falls on the upper surface of the mass transfer bed 16. Although shown as including the liquid distributor 18 shown in FIGS. 2 to 5, it should be understood that the mass transfer tower 10 may include the liquid distributor 118 provided as described in relation to FIGS. 6 to 8. Or contain images about 9 to FIG. 11 illustrates the liquid distributor 218 provided. Additionally, when the mass transfer tower 10 includes two or more mass transfer beds 16, it may also include two or more liquid distributors configured to receive and discharge liquid flow to the upper surface of each mass transfer bed 16 in a similar manner. 18, 118, 218.

In summary, it will be seen that the present invention is well adapted to achieve the results and objectives described above and other advantages inherent to the structures described and disclosed.

It should be understood that certain features and sub-combinations are useful and can be used individually and without reference to other features and sub-combinations. This is contemplated by the scope of the patent application of the present invention and is within the scope of the patent application of the present invention.

Since many possible embodiments can be made with the invention disclosed herein without departing from the scope of the invention disclosed herein, it should be understood that everything described herein or shown in the drawings will be interpreted as Descriptive rather than restrictive meaning

Claims (20)

A flow distributor for a falling liquid in a vertical elongated processing tower, the flow distributor comprising: a central distribution member including at least one inlet for receiving a liquid flow and for discharging from the central distribution member One or more liquid outlets as part of the liquid flow; a plurality of elongated side members arranged to receive at least a portion of the liquid discharged from the liquid outlet of the central distribution member, wherein the plurality of elongated side members Are spaced apart from each other longitudinally along the length of the central distribution member and contain one or more openings for discharging liquid therefrom; a plurality of distribution grooves are positioned near the elongated side member in the plurality of distribution grooves Each includes a pair of elongated side walls, where the pair of elongated side walls are laterally spaced apart from each other to define a liquid receiving space and a substantially open floor area therebetween, wherein the liquid receiving space is configured to receive from the elongated Liquid discharged from the opening of the side member and discharged from the distribution tank through the bottom plate area; and two or more sheets of structured filler, located at The liquid receiving spaces are used to enhance the horizontal spreading of the liquid when the liquid is contained in the liquid receiving space and before the liquid is discharged from the distribution tank through the bottom plate area, the structure is regular Each of the two or more sheets of structured material defines a lower drip edge of one of the liquids. The distributor according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the plurality of elongated side members include at least a first elongated side member and a second elongated side member, and the plurality of distribution slots include at least one first A distribution tank and a second distribution tank, wherein the first elongated side member is configured to discharge liquid into each of the first distribution tank and the second distribution tank. The dispenser according to item 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein the second elongated side member is configured to discharge liquid into each of the first distribution tank and the second distribution tank. The dispenser according to item 2 of the patent application scope, wherein the first elongated side member includes a first pair of liquid outlets and a second pair of liquid outlets, wherein the first pair of liquid outlets are configured to discharge liquid into the The first distribution tank and the second pair of liquid outlets are configured to discharge liquid into the second distribution tank. The dispenser according to item 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein the first elongated side member includes at least one first pair of liquid outlets disposed on opposite sides of the elongated side member, wherein the first pair of liquid outlets therein One is arranged to discharge liquid into the first distribution tank and the other is arranged to discharge liquid into the second distribution tank. The dispenser according to item 2 of the scope of patent application, further comprising a third distribution tank and a fourth distribution tank, wherein the first elongated side member is arranged to discharge liquid into the first distribution tank and the second distribution tank. The distribution groove and the second elongated side member are arranged to discharge liquid into the third distribution groove and the fourth distribution groove. The dispenser according to item 2 of the scope of patent application, further comprising a third distribution tank and a fourth distribution tank, wherein each of the first elongated side member and the second elongated side member are arranged to discharge liquid into Each of the first distribution slot, the second distribution slot, the third distribution slot, and the fourth distribution slot. The dispenser according to item 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein the elongated shafts of the first elongated side member and the second elongated side member are substantially parallel to each other and the first elongated side member and the second long The shaped side member is substantially perpendicular to the elongation axis of the central distribution member. The distributor according to item 8 of the scope of patent application, wherein the elongation axes of the first and second distribution grooves are substantially parallel to the elongation of the first elongated side member and the second elongated side member axis. The distributor according to item 8 of the scope of patent application, wherein the elongation axes of the first and second distribution grooves are substantially perpendicular to the elongation of the first elongated side member and the second elongated side member axis. The distributor according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the central distribution member is located at least a part of the vertical height higher than the elongated side member. The dispenser according to item 1 of the patent application scope, wherein the central distribution member is substantially on the same vertical plane as at least a part of the elongated side member. The distributor according to item 1 of the patent application range, wherein each of the elongated side members extends outward from the central distribution member at an angle within a range of about 30 ° to 150 °. The distributor according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the two or more sheets of each of the structured packings extend vertically and are corrugated. The dispenser according to item 1 of the patent application scope, wherein the structured packing comprises at least two vertically extending gauze-like packing sheets. The dispenser according to item 1 of the patent application range, wherein the structured packing comprises the structured packing of the fabric. The distributor according to item 1 of the patent application range, wherein the structured packing comprises a porous structured packing. The dispenser according to item 1 of the patent application scope, wherein at least a part of the lower drip edge is serrated. The dispenser according to item 14 of the scope of patent application, wherein when the liquid is discharged from the distribution tank, a plurality of parallel lines of liquid are generated at the edges of the drops. A flow distributor for descending liquid in a vertically elongated processing tower, the flow distributor includes: a central distribution member including at least one inlet for receiving a liquid flow and for distributing from the central distribution member One or more liquid outlets that discharge a portion of the liquid stream; a plurality of elongated side members arranged to receive at least a portion of the liquid discharged from the liquid outlet of the central distribution member, wherein the plurality of elongated sides The members are longitudinally spaced from each other along the length of the central distribution member and contain one or more openings for discharging liquid therefrom; a plurality of distribution grooves, which are located near the elongate side member, the plurality of distribution grooves Each of the two includes a pair of elongated side walls, where the pair of elongated side walls are laterally spaced apart from each other to define a liquid receiving space therebetween and a substantially open floor area, wherein the liquid receiving space is configured to receive from the long The liquid discharged from the opening of the side member and the liquid is discharged from the distribution tank through the bottom plate area, wherein the plurality of elongated side members include at least a first length A side member and a second elongated side member, and the plurality of distribution slots include at least a first distribution slot and a second distribution slot, wherein the first elongated side member is configured to discharge liquid into each of the first distributions Tank and the second distribution tank; and a plurality of vertically extending corrugated structured packing sheets, which are located in the liquid receiving space of each of the first distribution tank and the second distribution tank, and are used for containing the liquid Enhance the horizontal spread of the liquid while in the liquid receiving space and before the liquid is discharged from the first or second distribution tank through the floor area, wherein each of the structured packing sheets defines a lower drip Edges, the drip edges make the liquid discharged from each of the first and second distribution grooves along a plurality of parallel lines.