TWI628547B - Expanding device - Google Patents

Abstract

An expansion device includes at least one connection port, a first light emitting element, a sensor, and a microcontroller. The port includes a power pin and at least one data pin. The first light emitting element is used for generating a first light. The sensor senses an external light to generate a sensing signal. The microcontroller controls the brightness or color of the first light and the level of the power pin according to the sensing signal and the level of the data pin.

Description

Expansion device

The invention relates to an expansion device, in particular to an expansion device capable of controlling the voltage level of a port.

With the advancement of technology, the size of portable electronic products is getting smaller and smaller. Taking a notebook computer as an example, a notebook computer usually has one or two ports, so a notebook computer can only be connected to one or two peripheral devices at the same time. In order to connect more peripheral devices, the conventional technology is to couple a hub to a notebook computer. Since the hub has more ports, when the peripheral device is coupled to the hub, the notebook computer can perform data transmission with multiple peripheral devices.

However, when a user couples a peripheral device to a hub, the user cannot know immediately whether the peripheral device is actually connected to the hub. Furthermore, conventional hubs can supply power to peripheral devices. When the peripheral device does not communicate with the notebook computer through the hub, if it continues to supply power to the peripheral device, it will cause power loss.

In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to allow the user to simply and quickly know whether the peripheral device is plugged into the port of the expansion device, and to reduce the power level of the port when the port is not transmitting data to reduce Power loss of the expansion unit.

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides an expansion device, including At least one port, a first light-emitting element, a sensor, and a microcontroller. The port includes a power pin and at least one data pin. The first light emitting element is used for generating a first light. The sensor senses an external light to generate a sensing signal. The microcontroller controls the brightness or color of the first light and the level of the power pin according to the sensing signal and the level of the data pin.

100‧‧‧ Operating System

110‧‧‧host

120, 220, 300‧‧‧ expansion devices

130, 140‧‧‧ Peripherals

PU, PD1, PD2, CN ₁ ~ CN _N ‧‧‧ port

121, 221, SN‧‧‧ sensors

122, 222‧‧‧microcontrollers

123, 223, 228, 229‧‧‧ switchers

124, 125, 224, 225, 250, L ₁ ~ L _N ‧‧‧Light-emitting element

LT‧‧‧External light

S _S ‧‧‧Sensing signal

S _C 、 S _C1 ~ S _C3 ‧‧‧Control signal

S _O , S _T1 , S _T2 ‧‧‧

S _D , S _D1 ~ S _D4 ‧‧‧ drive signal

S _V , S _V1 , S _V2 ‧‧‧ voltage signal

LR‧‧‧light-emitting area

400‧‧‧ users

410‧‧‧ launcher

420‧‧‧ Receiver

430‧‧‧ processor

S _A ‧‧‧ enable signal

S _SP ‧‧‧ Specific Signal

S _B ‧‧‧Brightness signal

S _RF ‧‧‧Reflected signal

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an operating system of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is another possible embodiment of the expansion device of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the appearance of the expansion device of the present invention.

4A and 4B are schematic diagrams of a sensor of the present invention.

In order to make the objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, embodiments are exemplified below and described in detail with the accompanying drawings. The description of the present invention provides different embodiments to explain the technical features of different embodiments of the present invention. Wherein, the arrangement of the elements in the embodiments is for the purpose of illustration and is not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, the part of the figures in the embodiments is repeated for the sake of simplifying the description, and does not mean the correlation between different embodiments.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an operating system of the present invention. As shown, the operating system 100 includes a host 110, an expansion device 120, and peripheral devices 130 and 140. The host 110 receives messages from the peripheral devices 130 and 140 through the expansion device 120, or provides information to the peripheral devices 130 and 140. In other embodiments, the host 110 also supplies power to the peripheral devices 130 and 140 through the expansion device 120. In a possible embodiment, the expansion device 120 is a hub. The invention is not limited Determine the number of peripheral devices. In other embodiments, the operating system 100 has other numbers of peripheral devices.

In this embodiment, the expansion device 120 includes ports PU, PD1, PD2, a sensor 121, a microcontroller 122, a switch 123, light-emitting elements 124, and 125. The port PU is used to couple to the host 110 and provide a message from the host 110 to the microcontroller 122 or transmit a message output by the microcontroller 122 to the host 110. In a possible embodiment, the connection port PU is referred to as an upstream port. The invention does not limit the type of the port PU. In a possible embodiment, the connection port PU is a USB port. In this example, the USB port conforms to USB 2.0, USB 3.0, or USB 3.1 specifications.

The port PD1 is used for coupling to the peripheral device 130 and providing information from the peripheral device 130 to the microcontroller 122 or transmitting the information output by the microcontroller 122 to the peripheral device 130. The port PD2 is used to couple the peripheral device 140 and provide information from the peripheral device 140 to the microcontroller 122, or transmit the information output by the microcontroller 122 to the peripheral device 140. In a possible embodiment, the ports PD1 and PD2 each have a power pin for receiving a voltage signal output from the microcontroller 122. In a possible embodiment, the voltage signal output by the microcontroller 122 is from the host 110.

In addition, the ports PD1 and PD2 have data pins to provide the information of the peripheral devices 130 and 140 to the host 110 through the microcontroller 122, or to provide the information from the host 110 to the peripheral device through the microcontroller 122. 130 and 140. In other embodiments, the ports PD1 and PD2 are called downstream ports. The invention does not limit the types of the ports PD1 and PD2. In a possible embodiment, the ports PD1 and PD2 are both USB ports. In this example, The USB port conforms to USB 2.0, USB 3.0 or USB 3.1 specifications.

Take the port PD1 as an example. When the port PD1 is a USB port and conforms to the USB 2.0 specification, the pin VBUS of the USB port is used as the above power pin. In addition, at least one of pins D + and D- of the USB port is used as the data pin. In other embodiments. When the port PD1 is a USB port and conforms to the USB 3.0 specification, the pin VBUS of the USB port is used as the above-mentioned power pin. In this example, at least one of pins D +, D-, SSTX +, SSTX-, SSRX +, and SSRX- of the USB port is used as the data pin.

The light emitting elements 124 and 125 correspond to the ports PD1 and PD2, respectively, and are used to indicate the operation modes of the ports PD1 and PD2. Taking the port PD1 as an example, when the data pin of the port PD1 is transmitting data, it indicates that the port PD1 is operating in a normal mode. Therefore, at least one of the brightness and color of the light emitted by the light emitting element 124 is a preset value. When the data pin of the port PD1 is not transmitting data, it indicates that the port PD1 is operating in a sleep mode. Therefore, at least one of the brightness and color of the light emitted by the light emitting element 124 is not equal to a preset value, such as being darker or presenting a different color. In this embodiment, the number of light emitting elements is equal to the number of ports.

The sensor 121 senses an external light LT for generating a sensing signal SS. In a possible embodiment, the external light LT is ambient light, such as sunlight or light emitted by a light source in a room. In another possible embodiment, the external light LT is a reflected light, and the reflected light is a reflected light generated by the light emitted from the sensor 121 to an object.

The invention also does not limit the type of the sensor 121. In a possible embodiment, the sensor 121 is an optical sensor. In this embodiment, the sensor 121 not only has a sensing function, but also has a light emitting function. 4A and 4B are schematic diagrams of the sensor 121. Referring to FIG. 4A, the sensor 121 includes a transmitter 410, a receiver 420, and a processor 430. The transmitter 410 generates a signal S _SP in accordance with a specific enabling signal S _A. The receiver 420 receives external light LT for generating a brightness signal S _B. In a possible embodiment, the external light LT is ambient light, such as sunlight or light emitted by an indoor lamp. The processor 430 processes the brightness signal S _B to generate a sensing signal S _S.

In FIG. 4B, the external light LT received by the receiver 420 is a reflected signal, and the type of the reflected signal is related to the type of the specific signal S _SP . For example, if the specific signal _SP is an optical signal, such as infrared, the reflected signal is also an optical signal. If the specific signal S _SP is an acoustic signal, such as an ultrasonic wave, the reflected signal is also an acoustic signal. As shown, processor 430 generates enabling signal S _A to the transmitter 410. The transmitter 410 generates a signal S _SP in accordance with a specific enabling signal S _A. When a user 400 approaches the sensor 121, the specific signal S _SP is reflected by the user 400, and thus a reflected signal S _{RF is} generated. The receiver 420 generates a luminance signal S _B according to the reflected signal S _RF . Therefore, the sensor of the present invention not only detects the brightness of external light, but also has a light emitting function for detecting whether the user is close to the expansion device 120.

In the first figure, the microcontroller 122 controls the brightness and color of the light emitted by the light-emitting elements 124 and 125 and controls the ports PD1 and PD1 according to the sensing signal S _S and the level of the data pins of the ports PD1 and PD2. The level of the power pin of PD2. In this embodiment, the microcontroller 122 indirectly couples the light emitting elements 124 and 125, the data pins of the ports PD1 and PD2 and the power pins through the switch 123, but it is not intended to limit the present invention. In other embodiments, the switcher 123 may be omitted or integrated in the microcontroller 122. In this example, the microcontroller 122 is directly coupled to the light emitting elements 124, 125, the data pins and power pins of the ports PD1 and PD2.

Switch 123 is coupled to data ports PD1 and PD2 connecting pins, and the control signal S _C to port PD1 data pins or S _T1 level of the port pin data PD2 of a level S _T2 S _O output level provided to the microcontroller 122. The microcontroller 122 according to the output level S _O, that data PD1 or PD2 port pin if the data is being transmitted.

In one possible embodiment, the microcontroller 122 generates a drive signal S _D S _V voltage according to the output signal level S _O. Drive signal S _D to control the light emitting element 124 and the brightness and color of the at least one 125. The present invention is not limited to the type of drive signal S _D. In one possible embodiment, the drive signal S _D is a current based signal. In addition, the voltage signal S _{V is} used to set the level of the power pins of the ports PD1 and PD2.

As shown, switch 123 control signal S _C of the drive signal S _D to provide the driving signal S _D1 to the light emitting element 124 or the drive signal S _D as a drive signal S _D2 to the light emitting element 125 as provided. The brightness and color of the light emitting element 124 are controlled by the driving signal S _D1 , and the brightness and color of the light emitting element 125 are controlled by the driving signal S _D2 . In addition, the switch 123 uses the voltage signal S _V as the voltage signal S _V1 and provides the voltage signal S _V1 to the power pin of the port PD1 according to the control signal S _C or the voltage signal S _V as the voltage signal S _V2 and provides the voltage signal. S _{V2 is} the power pin of port PD2.

Since the way in which the microcontroller 122 controls the port PD1 and the light-emitting element 124 is the same as the way in which the microcontroller 122 controls the port PD2 and the light-emitting element 125, the following uses only the port PD1 and the light-emitting element 124 as an example. When the level S _T1 of the data pin of the port PD1 is not equal to a preset value, it means that the data pin of the port PD1 is transmitting data. Therefore, the microcontroller 122 provides a first voltage signal (such as 5V) to the power pin of the port PD1 through the switch 123. At this time, the port PD1 operates in a normal mode. However, when the level S _T1 of the data pin of the port PD1 is equal to a preset value, it means that the data pin of the port PD1 is not transmitting data. Therefore, the microcontroller 122 provides a second voltage signal (such as 4.5V) to the power pin of the port PD1. At this time, the port PD1 operates in a sleep mode. In this embodiment, the second voltage signal is smaller than the first voltage signal. In another possible embodiment, if the port PD1 is not coupled to the peripheral device 130, the microcontroller 122 sets the level of the power pin of the port PD1 to 0V. At this time, the port PD1 also operates in a sleep mode.

In other embodiments, when the port PD1 is operated in the sleep mode, if the level S _T1 of the data pin of the port PD1 is not equal to a preset value, it means that the data pin of the port PD1 starts to transmit data. Therefore, the microcontroller 122 provides the first voltage signal (eg, 5V) to the power pin of the port PD1 again. At this time, the port PD1 leaves the sleep mode and enters the normal mode.

In a possible embodiment, when the microcontroller 122 controls the level of the power pin of the port PD1, the microcontroller 122 simultaneously sets at least one of the brightness and color of the light emitted by the light emitting element 124. For example, when the port PD1 is operated in the normal mode, the microcontroller 122 sets the brightness of the light emitted by the light emitting element 124 to a first brightness value. In this example, the microcontroller 122 may set the color of the light emitted by the light emitting element 124 to a first color. However, when the port PD1 is operated in the sleep mode, the microcontroller 122 reduces the light emitting elements. The brightness of the light emitted by 124. At this time, the brightness of the light emitted by the light emitting element 124 may be a second brightness value, where the second brightness value is smaller than the first brightness value. In this example, the microcontroller 122 may set the color of the light emitted by the light emitting element 124 to a second color, where the second color is different from the first color. In other words, when the port PD1 is operated in different modes, at least one of the brightness and color of the light emitting element 124 is also changed.

In another possible embodiment, when the port PD1 is operated in the sleep mode, the microcontroller 122 sets at least one of the brightness and color of the light emitted by the light emitting element 124 according to the sensing signal S _S. For example, when the sensing signal S _{S is} less than a preset value, it indicates that the brightness of the external light LT is low, and the user may turn off the light source of the room or the user may stay away from the expansion device 120. Therefore, the microcontroller 122 reduces the brightness of the light emitted by the light-emitting element 124, such as setting the brightness of the light emitted by the light-emitting element 124 to the second brightness value. In this example, the microcontroller 122 may or may not change the color of the light emitted by the light emitting element 124. However, when the sensing signal S _{S is} greater than a preset value, it indicates that the user may turn on the light source of the room again. Therefore, the microcontroller 122 increases the brightness of the light emitted by the light-emitting element 124, such as setting the brightness of the light emitted by the light-emitting element 124 to a first brightness value. At this time, the microcontroller 122 may set the color of the light emitted by the light emitting element 124 to the first color. In addition, since the user may want to use the expansion device 120, the microcontroller 122 provides a first voltage signal to the power pin of the port PD1. At this time, the port PD1 leaves the sleep mode and enters the normal mode. In some embodiments, if the user does not turn on the light source of the room, but when the user approaches the expansion device 120, the infrared light emitted by the sensor 121 irradiates the user, so the reflected light generated by the user (ie, the external light source LT) will be greater than the preset value. Therefore, the microcontroller 122 sets the brightness of the light emitted by the light emitting element 124 to the first brightness value. At this time, the port PD1 leaves the sleep mode and enters the normal mode.

FIG. 2 is another possible embodiment of the expansion device of the present invention. The expansion device 220 in FIG. 2 is similar to the expansion device 120 in FIG. 1 except that the expansion device 220 in FIG. 2 further includes a hub controller 226, a power management circuit 227, switches 228 and 229, and a Light emitting element 250. The characteristics of the ports PU, PD1, PD2, sensors 221, light emitting elements 224, and 225 in FIG. 2 and the characteristics of the ports PU, PD1, PD2, sensor 121, and light emitting elements 124 and 125 in FIG. 1 The same, so I will not repeat them.

In this embodiment, the hub controller 226 is used to detect the level S _T1 of the data pin of the port PD1 and the level S _T2 of the data pin of the port PD2 and generate a detection result S _R to micro Controller 222. In a possible embodiment, the hub controller 226 provides the detection result S _R to the microcontroller 222 through the I2C protocol, but it is not intended to limit the present invention. In other embodiments, the hub controller 226 provides the detection result S _R to the microcontroller 222 using other communication protocols.

In this embodiment, the hub controller 226 is coupled to the data pins of the ports PD1 and PD2 through the switch 228. The switcher 228 selectively provides the level S _T1 of the data pin of the port PD1 as the output level S _O to the hub controller 226 according to a control signal S _C1 or the level of the data pin of the port PD2 S _T2 S _O as the output level controller 226 provided to the hub. In the present embodiment, the control signal S _C1 generated by the hub-based controller 226, but not to limit the present invention. In other embodiments, the control signal S _C1 may be generated by the microcontroller 222. In addition, the switch 228 can be omitted to save costs. In this example, the hub controller 226 is directly coupled to the data pins of the ports PD1 and PD2. In a possible embodiment, the switch 228 is integrated in the hub controller 226.

The microcontroller 222 knows whether the data pins of the ports PD1 and PD2 are transmitting data according to the detection result S _R. Taking the port PD1 as an example, when the data pin of the port PD1 is transmitting data, the microcontroller 222 makes the brightness of the light-emitting element 224 equal to a preset brightness. When the data pin of the port PD1 is not transmitting data, the microcontroller 222 reduces the brightness of the light emitting element 224. In another possible embodiment, the microcontroller 222 controls at least one of the brightness and color of the light emitting element 224 according to the sensing signal S _S. For example, when the sensing signal S _{S is} greater than a preset value, the microcontroller 222 sets the brightness of the light-emitting element 224 to a preset brightness. When the sensing signal S _{S is} less than a preset value, the microcontroller 222 reduces the brightness of the light emitting element 224.

The invention does not limit how the microcontroller 222 controls the light emitting element 224. In a possible embodiment, the microcontroller 222 is coupled to the light emitting elements 224 and 225 through a switch 223. The microcontroller 222 generates a control signal S _C2 to the switch 223. Switch 223 provided to the light emitting element 225 in accordance with a control signal S _C2 microcontroller 222 generates a drive signal S _D to provide the light emitting element 224, or the drive signal S _D as a driving signal S _D1 as a driving signal S _D2. The light emitting element 224 or 225 emits light in accordance with the driving signal S _D1 or S _D2 . In another possible embodiment, the switcher 223 may be omitted. In this example, the microcontroller 222 is directly coupled to the light emitting elements 224 and 225. In other embodiments, the switcher 223 is integrated in the microcontroller 222.

In addition, the microprocessor 222 generates a driving signal S _D3 according to the detection result S _R to control at least one of the brightness and the color of the light emitted by the light emitting element 250. For example, when one of the ports PD1 and PD2 is operated in the normal mode, the microcontroller 222 controls the brightness of the light emitted by the light emitting element 250 to a third brightness value through the driving signal S _D3 . At this time, the light emitted by the light emitting element 250 may have a third color. However, when the ports PD1 and PD2 are both operated in the sleep mode, the microcontroller 222 controls the brightness of the light emitted by the light emitting element 250 to a fourth brightness value through the driving signal S _D3 , wherein the fourth brightness value is smaller than the third brightness value. At this time, the light emitted by the light emitting element 250 may have a fourth color, wherein the fourth color is different from the third color. Therefore, the user can know the operation modes of the ports PD1 and PD2 according to the brightness and color of the light-emitting element 250.

In other embodiments, the microprocessor 222 generates a driving signal S _D4 to the power management circuit 227 according to the detection result S _R to adjust the levels of the power pins of the ports PD1 and PD2. For example, when the data pin of the port PD1 is transmitting data, the microprocessor 222 sets the power pin of the port PD1 to be equal to a preset level (such as 5V). When the data pin of the port PD1 is not transmitting data, the microprocessor 222 reduces the level of the power pin of the port PD1. In another possible embodiment, the microprocessor 222 further adjusts the levels of the power pins of the ports PD1 and PD2 according to the sensing signal S _S. For example, when the sensing signal S _{S is} greater than a preset value, the microprocessor 222 sets the power pin of the port PD1 equal to a preset level (for example, 5V). When the sensing signal S _{S is} less than a preset value, the microprocessor 222 reduces the level of the power pin of the port PD1. In a possible embodiment, the detection result S _R has higher priority than the sensing signal S _S. Therefore, the microcontroller 222 mainly controls the power of the light-emitting elements 224 and 225 and the ports PD1 and PD2 based on the detection result S _R. Pin level. When the port PD1 or PD2 is operated in the sleep mode, the microcontroller 222 may control the levels of the light emitting elements 224 and 225 and the power pins of the ports PD1 and PD2 according to the sensing signal S _S.

In a possible embodiment, the microcontroller 222 communicates with the power management circuit 227 through the I2C protocol, but is not intended to limit the present invention. In this embodiment, the power management circuit 227 is coupled to the power pins of the ports PD1 and PD2 through a switch 229. As shown, the power management circuit 227 generates a control signal S _C3 to the switcher 229. The switcher 229 provides the voltage signal S _V generated by the power management circuit 227 as the voltage signal S _V1 to the power pin of the port PD1 or the voltage signal S _V2 to the power pin of the port PD2 according to the control signal S _C3. foot. In some embodiments, the switcher 229 may be omitted or integrated in the power management circuit 227. In this example, the power management circuit 227 is directly connected to the power pins of the ports PD1 and PD2. In other embodiments, the control signal S _C3 is generated by the microcontroller 222.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the appearance of the expansion device of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the expansion device 300 includes a sensor SN, ports CN ₁ to CN _N , light emitting elements L ₁ to L _N, and a light emitting region LR. The light emitting elements L ₁ to L _N correspond to the ports CN ₁ to CN _{N, respectively} . In this embodiment, the brightness and color of the light-emitting elements L ₁ to L _N are related to the operating states of the ports CN ₁ to CN _N. Taking the port CN ₁ as an example, when the port CN _{1 is} not coupled to a peripheral device, the light emitting element L ₁ does not emit light. When the port CN _{1 is} coupled to a peripheral device and the data pin of the port CN ₁ is transmitting data, the brightness of the light-emitting element L ₁ is equal to a preset brightness. When the data pin of the port CN ₁ is not transmitting data, the brightness of the light-emitting element L ₁ is reduced.

In other embodiments, the color of the light emitted by the light-emitting element L ₁ is related to the operating state of the port CN ₁ . For example, when the data pin of the port CN ₁ is transmitting data, the color of the light emitted by the light-emitting element L ₁ is equal to a first color. When the data pin of the port CN ₁ is not transmitting data, the color of the light emitted by the light emitting element L ₁ is equal to a second color, wherein the second color is different from the first color.

The light-emitting area LR surrounds the ports CN ₁ to CN _N and the light-emitting elements L ₁ to L _N to indicate the operation mode of the expansion device 300. For example, when one of the ports CN ₁ to CN _N is transmitting data, the light emitting area LR has a first brightness value or a third color. When no data is transmitted from the ports CN ₁ to CN _N , the light-emitting area LR has a second brightness value or a fourth color, wherein the second brightness value is smaller than the first brightness value and the fourth color is different from the third color.

In addition, the sensing result of the sensor SN also affects the brightness and color of the light emitting elements L ₁ to L _N and the light emitting region LR. For example, when the ports CN ₁ to CN _N are not transmitting data, if the sensing result generated by the sensor SN is less than a preset value, it means that the user may turn off the light source in the space where the expansion device 300 is located. Therefore, the brightness of at least one of the light emitting elements L ₁ to L _N and the light emitting region LR becomes dark. However, when the user approaches the expansion device 300 or the user turns on the light source, it indicates that the user wants to use the expansion device 300. Therefore, the brightness of at least one of the light emitting elements L ₁ to L _N and the light emitting region LR increases.

In other embodiments, the level of the power pin of any one of the ports CN ₁ to CN _N is related to the operation mode of the corresponding port. Take the port CN ₁ as an example. When the port CN ₁ is transmitting data, the level of the power pin of the port CN ₁ is equal to a preset level (such as 5V). When the port CN _{1 is} not transmitting data, the level of the power pin of the port CN ₁ is lower than the preset level. In a possible embodiment, when the port CN _{1 is} not coupled to a peripheral device, the level of the power pin of the port CN ₁ is equal to 0V.

In a possible embodiment, when the level of the power pin of the port CN ₁ is different from the preset level (5V), if the sensing result generated by the sensor SN is greater than the preset value, it indicates that the user To use the expansion device 300. Therefore, the microcontroller in the expansion device 300 sets the level of the power pin of the port CN ₁ equal to the preset level.

All words (including technical and scientific words) belong to the general understanding of those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field to which this invention belongs. In addition, unless explicitly stated, the definition of a vocabulary in a general dictionary should be interpreted as consistent with its meaning in articles in the relevant technical field, and should not be interpreted as ideal or overly formal.

Although the present invention has been disclosed as above with preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person with ordinary knowledge in the technical field can make some changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. . For example, the system, device, or method according to the embodiments of the present invention may be implemented in physical embodiments of hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be determined by the scope of the appended patent application.

Claims (9)

An expansion device includes: at least one connection port, including a power pin and at least one data pin; a first light emitting element for generating a first light; and a sensor for sensing an external light for Generating a sensing signal; and a microcontroller, controlling the brightness or color of the first light and controlling the level of the power pin according to the sensing signal and the level of the data pin, wherein when the data is connected When the pin level is not equal to a preset value, the microcontroller sets the power pin level to be equal to a first preset level. When the data pin level is equal to the preset value, the micro The controller sets the level of the power pin equal to a second preset level, and the second preset level is smaller than the first preset level. When the port is not coupled to a peripheral device, the The microcontroller sets the level of the power pin equal to a third preset level, and the third preset level is not equal to the second preset level. The expansion device described in item 1 of the patent application scope further includes: a hub controller that detects the level of the data pin and informs the microcontroller of the detection result. The expansion device according to item 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein the hub controller communicates with the microcontroller through an I2C protocol. The expansion device according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, further comprising: a second light emitting element for providing a second light, wherein the microcontroller controls the brightness or color of the second light according to the level of the data pin . The expansion device described in item 2 of the patent application scope further includes: a power management circuit controlled by the microcontroller to adjust the level of the power pin. The expansion device according to item 5 of the scope of patent application, wherein the microcontroller communicates with the power management circuit through an I2C protocol. The expansion device according to item 1 of the patent application scope, wherein the sensor comprises: a transmitter that generates a specific signal according to a uniform energy signal; a receiver that receives the external light to generate a brightness signal; and A processor generates the enable signal and processes the brightness signal to generate the sensing signal. The expansion device according to item 7 of the patent application scope, wherein the external light is an ambient light. According to the expansion device described in item 7 of the scope of patent application, an object generates a reflected signal according to the specific signal reflection, and the external light is the reflected signal.