TWI627056B - Method for the manufacturing of a rim,the rim so manufactured,a running wheel including the rim and a bicycle having the running wheel - Google Patents
Method for the manufacturing of a rim,the rim so manufactured,a running wheel including the rim and a bicycle having the running wheel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TWI627056B TWI627056B TW105104970A TW105104970A TWI627056B TW I627056 B TWI627056 B TW I627056B TW 105104970 A TW105104970 A TW 105104970A TW 105104970 A TW105104970 A TW 105104970A TW I627056 B TWI627056 B TW I627056B
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- rim
- reinforcing fiber
- mold
- fiber component
- planar
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000012783 reinforcing fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- FGUUSXIOTUKUDN-IBGZPJMESA-N C1(=CC=CC=C1)N1C2=C(NC([C@H](C1)NC=1OC(=NN=1)C1=CC=CC=C1)=O)C=CC=C2 Chemical compound C1(=CC=CC=C1)N1C2=C(NC([C@H](C1)NC=1OC(=NN=1)C1=CC=CC=C1)=O)C=CC=C2 FGUUSXIOTUKUDN-IBGZPJMESA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 claims 1
- DOSMHBDKKKMIEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[3-(diethylamino)-6-diethylazaniumylidenexanthen-9-yl]-5-[3-[3-[4-(1-methylindol-3-yl)-2,5-dioxopyrrol-3-yl]indol-1-yl]propylsulfamoyl]benzenesulfonate Chemical compound C1=CC(=[N+](CC)CC)C=C2OC3=CC(N(CC)CC)=CC=C3C(C=3C(=CC(=CC=3)S(=O)(=O)NCCCN3C4=CC=CC=C4C(C=4C(NC(=O)C=4C=4C5=CC=CC=C5N(C)C=4)=O)=C3)S([O-])(=O)=O)=C21 DOSMHBDKKKMIEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229920006231 aramid fiber Polymers 0.000 description 14
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 5
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011796 hollow space material Substances 0.000 description 3
- DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N decane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- GNFTZDOKVXKIBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2-methoxyethoxy)benzohydrazide Chemical compound COCCOC1=CC=CC(C(=O)NN)=C1 GNFTZDOKVXKIBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000043261 Hevea brasiliensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003052 natural elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001194 natural rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012815 thermoplastic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
- B60B5/00—Wheels, spokes, disc bodies, rims, hubs, wholly or predominantly made of non-metallic material
- B60B5/02—Wheels, spokes, disc bodies, rims, hubs, wholly or predominantly made of non-metallic material made of synthetic material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
- B29C70/34—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and shaping or impregnating by compression, i.e. combined with compressing after the lay-up operation
- B29C70/345—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and shaping or impregnating by compression, i.e. combined with compressing after the lay-up operation using matched moulds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
- B29C43/02—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C43/027—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles having an axis of symmetry
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/002—Joining methods not otherwise provided for
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/06—Fibrous reinforcements only
- B29C70/10—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres
- B29C70/16—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/06—Fibrous reinforcements only
- B29C70/10—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres
- B29C70/16—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length
- B29C70/20—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length oriented in a single direction, e.g. roofing or other parallel fibres
- B29C70/202—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length oriented in a single direction, e.g. roofing or other parallel fibres arranged in parallel planes or structures of fibres crossing at substantial angles, e.g. cross-moulding compound [XMC]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
- B60B21/00—Rims
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
- B60B21/00—Rims
- B60B21/12—Appurtenances, e.g. lining bands
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
- B29C43/02—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C43/027—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles having an axis of symmetry
- B29C2043/028—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles having an axis of symmetry using radial compression
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
- B29C70/302—Details of the edges of fibre composites, e.g. edge finishing or means to avoid delamination
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2030/00—Pneumatic or solid tyres or parts thereof
- B29L2030/001—Beads
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/30—Vehicles, e.g. ships or aircraft, or body parts thereof
- B29L2031/3091—Bicycles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/32—Wheels, pinions, pulleys, castors or rollers, Rims
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/32—Wheels, pinions, pulleys, castors or rollers, Rims
- B29L2031/322—Wheels, pinions, pulleys, castors or rollers, Rims made wholly of plastics
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
- B60B2310/00—Manufacturing methods
- B60B2310/20—Shaping
- B60B2310/204—Shaping by moulding, e.g. injection moulding, i.e. casting of plastics material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
- B60B2310/00—Manufacturing methods
- B60B2310/20—Shaping
- B60B2310/242—Shaping by laminating, e.g. fabrication of sandwich sheets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
- B60B2310/00—Manufacturing methods
- B60B2310/30—Manufacturing methods joining
- B60B2310/318—Manufacturing methods joining by adhesive bonding, e.g. glueing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
- B60B2310/00—Manufacturing methods
- B60B2310/30—Manufacturing methods joining
- B60B2310/321—Manufacturing methods joining by overmolding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
- B60B2360/00—Materials; Physical forms thereof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
- B60B2360/00—Materials; Physical forms thereof
- B60B2360/30—Synthetic materials
- B60B2360/32—Plastic compositions
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
- B60B2360/00—Materials; Physical forms thereof
- B60B2360/30—Synthetic materials
- B60B2360/34—Reinforced plastics
- B60B2360/341—Reinforced plastics with fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
- B60B2360/00—Materials; Physical forms thereof
- B60B2360/30—Synthetic materials
- B60B2360/34—Reinforced plastics
- B60B2360/341—Reinforced plastics with fibres
- B60B2360/3412—Glass fibres
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
- B60B2360/00—Materials; Physical forms thereof
- B60B2360/30—Synthetic materials
- B60B2360/34—Reinforced plastics
- B60B2360/341—Reinforced plastics with fibres
- B60B2360/3416—Carbone fibres
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
- B60B2360/00—Materials; Physical forms thereof
- B60B2360/30—Synthetic materials
- B60B2360/34—Reinforced plastics
- B60B2360/341—Reinforced plastics with fibres
- B60B2360/3418—Aramid fibres
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
- B60B2900/00—Purpose of invention
- B60B2900/10—Reduction of
- B60B2900/111—Weight
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
- B60B2900/00—Purpose of invention
- B60B2900/10—Reduction of
- B60B2900/112—Costs
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
- B60B2900/00—Purpose of invention
- B60B2900/10—Reduction of
- B60B2900/121—Resisting forces
- B60B2900/1216—Resisting forces due to air-drag
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
- B60B2900/00—Purpose of invention
- B60B2900/30—Increase in
- B60B2900/311—Rigidity or stiffness
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
- Y02T10/86—Optimisation of rolling resistance, e.g. weight reduction
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
- Y02T10/88—Optimized components or subsystems, e.g. lighting, actively controlled glasses
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
Abstract
本發明是關於一種製作一輪圈1的方法,該輪圈1具有一材料層結構,並供使用於肌肉動力車輛,該方法包含:a)提供一抗壓及耐高溫的第一模具2;b)將一第一平面強化纖維組件10插入到該第一模具2內,該第一平面強化纖維組件10由至少兩個分別的強化纖維材料層組成;c)將一條或多條強化纖維墊11、12、13,插入到該第一模具2中,位在該第一平面強化纖維組件10之上;d)將一第二平面強化纖維組件14插入到該第一模具2中,位在該一條或多條強化纖維墊11、12、13之上,該第二平面強化纖維組件14由至少兩個分別的強化纖維材料層組成;e)將一間隔件16插入到該第一模具2;將一個邊緣銳利的輔助輪廓層15放置在該間隔件16上,使之前形成的材料層環繞該輔助輪廓層15;f)以一抗壓及耐高溫的第二模具3關閉該第一模具2,及 g)硬化由之前的步驟所得,含有強化纖維的材料層結構,打開該第一及/或第二模具2、3,並取出製得的輪圈1。 The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a rim 1 having a material layer structure for use in a muscle-powered vehicle, the method comprising: a) providing a first mold 2 resistant to pressure and high temperature; Inserting a first planar reinforcing fiber component 10 into the first mold 2, the first planar reinforcing fiber component 10 being composed of at least two separate layers of reinforcing fiber material; c) one or more reinforcing fiber mats 11 , 12, 13, inserted into the first mold 2, positioned on the first planar reinforcing fiber component 10; d) inserting a second planar reinforcing fiber component 14 into the first mold 2, in the On the one or more reinforcing fiber mats 11, 12, 13, the second planar reinforcing fiber assembly 14 is composed of at least two separate layers of reinforcing fiber material; e) inserting a spacer 16 into the first mold 2; Place a sharp edge auxiliary contour layer 15 on the spacer 16 so that the previously formed material layer surrounds the auxiliary contour layer 15; f) close the first mold 2 with a compressive and high temperature resistant second mold 3 ,and g) Hardening The layer structure of the material containing the reinforcing fibers obtained by the previous step, opening the first and/or second molds 2, 3, and taking out the obtained rim 1 .
本發明並揭示根據該方法製得的輪圈,根據該方法製得的運行輪,以及具有根據本發明的運行輪或輪圈的自行車。 The invention also discloses a rim made according to the method, a running wheel made according to the method, and a bicycle having a running wheel or rim according to the invention.
Description
本發明是關於製造輪圈的方法,該輪圈具有材料層結構,並供肌肉動力車輛,例如自行車使用。 The present invention relates to a method of making a rim having a material layer structure and for use in a muscle powered vehicle, such as a bicycle.
在本技術領域中,一種已知的輪圈製造方法記載於德國專利案DE 10 2007 042 198 A1。該專利案建議一種輪圈環的製造方法,用來製造輪圈,特別是緊鉗式輪圈。 A known method of manufacturing a rim is described in the German patent application DE 10 2007 042 198 A1. This patent proposes a method of manufacturing a rim ring for the manufacture of rims, in particular nipper rims.
其中所描述的方法包括以下步驟:提供一個由固化複合纖維材料製成的輪圈外廓,提供一個塑料成型元件,提供至少一個由複合纖維材料製成的覆蓋層,將該塑料成型元件沿徑向插入在該輪圈外廓內,以及將該覆蓋層相對該塑料成型元件和該輪圈外廓定位,以使覆蓋層的至少一部分從該塑料成型元件延伸到該輪圈外廓的外側。上述此早期文件還涉及將複合纖維材料製成的輻條固裝到一輪圈環的方法。該較早文獻最後還涉及一種輪圈環,一種緊鉗式輪圈和包括該緊鉗式輪圈的自行車。 The method described therein comprises the steps of providing a rim profile made of a cured composite fiber material, providing a plastic forming element, providing at least one cover layer made of a composite fiber material, the plastic molded component along the diameter The insert is inserted into the rim contour and the cover layer is positioned relative to the plastic forming element and the rim contour such that at least a portion of the cover layer extends from the plastic forming element to the outside of the rim contour. The earlier document described above also relates to a method of attaching spokes made of composite fiber material to a rim ring. The earlier document also relates to a rim ring, a clinch rim and a bicycle comprising the nipper rim.
此外,WO 2011/096805 A1也揭示一種製造強化纖維產品的裝置和方法。該文件特別公開了環形的強化纖維複合材料製品。 Furthermore, WO 2011/096805 A1 also discloses an apparatus and method for producing a reinforced fiber product. This document discloses in particular a toroidal reinforced fiber composite article.
很久以來輪圈就已經使用在車輛,用以支撐輪胎。這種輪圈可使用在由內燃機驅動的車輛,例如汽車,卡車或其它多用途車,但也可使用在肌肉動力的車輛,例如自行車。 The rim has been used in vehicles for a long time to support the tires. Such rims can be used in vehicles driven by internal combustion engines, such as automobiles, trucks or other utility vehicles, but can also be used in muscle powered vehicles, such as bicycles.
在自行車領域中,業者已經嘗試使用各種不同的材料來製作輪圈,例如所謂的鋁合金輪圈,鋼質輪圈,鈦合金輪圈,以及所謂的複合輪圈/複合材料輪圈。上述的複合輪圈一般可以理解為包括不同的材料的輪圈。這種複合輪圈的一種特定形態為纖維複合輪圈,亦即使用強化纖維,例如短纖維或長纖維構成的輪圈。該纖維通常是埋設在樹脂中。將該樹脂在製造過程中硬化,以提供全部完成的輪圈。在絕大多數的製程中,最後都還需使用一個或多個修整加工步驟,以對完成後,包括強化纖維的輪圈產物表面加工,加工方法通常就是研磨。 In the field of bicycles, operators have attempted to make rims using a variety of different materials, such as so-called aluminum alloy rims, steel rims, titanium alloy rims, and so-called composite rim/composite rims. The composite rim described above can generally be understood as a rim comprising different materials. One particular form of such a composite rim is a fiber composite rim, that is, a rim made of reinforced fibers, such as staple fibers or long fibers. The fibers are typically embedded in a resin. The resin is hardened during the manufacturing process to provide a fully finished rim. In most processes, one or more finishing steps are required at the end to finish the surface of the rim product, including the reinforced fibers, which is usually ground.
纖維複合輪圈的優點在過去20年中已經變得明顯,因為這種類型的輪圈比起以纖維複合材料以外的它材料製成的輪圈,重量較輕且硬度較高。這種輪圈也都能克服尤其是在高端領域應用上的考驗,例如比賽用自行車,鐵人三項自行車和山岳自行車等用途。 The advantages of fiber composite rims have become apparent over the past 20 years because this type of rim is lighter and stiffer than rims made of materials other than fiber composites. This type of rim can also overcome challenges, especially in high-end applications, such as racing bicycles, triathlon bicycles and mountain bikes.
不幸的是,迄今現有纖維複合輪圈仍然過於昂貴,並且在剛性和輕量化方面,仍有改善空間。 Unfortunately, the existing fiber composite rims are still too expensive and there is still room for improvement in terms of rigidity and weight.
本發明的目的即是要解決上述問題,以消除或至少改善上述已知技術的缺點。本發明特別提供一種適於以機器加工的輪圈,以及用來製作該輪圈的方法,以降低製作成本,並改善輪圈,使其具有優於習知輪圈的剛性和減輕的重量。 It is an object of the present invention to solve the above problems to eliminate or at least ameliorate the disadvantages of the above known techniques. In particular, the present invention provides a rim suitable for machining, and a method for making the rim to reduce manufacturing costs and improve the rim to have a rigidity and reduced weight superior to conventional rims.
根據本發明,上述技術難題是以一種包含下列步驟的方法,較佳為依照該順序執行的方法,加以解決:a)提供一個可能為抗壓及耐高溫的第一模具,例如由鋼合金製成的模具,b)將一第一平面強化纖維組件插入到該第一模具內,該第一平面強化纖維組件由至少兩個分離的材料層組成,各材料層的形式例如為針織物,網狀織物,編織物或非編織布,材質為例如包含玻璃纖維,芳族聚酰胺纖維及/或碳纖維,或由玻璃纖維,芳族聚酰胺纖維及/或碳纖維形成,c)將一條或多條主要是由強化纖維製成的強化纖維墊,插入到該第一模具中,在該第一平面強化纖維組件之上,d)將一第二平面強化纖維組件插入到該第一模具中,在該一條或多條強化纖維墊之上,該第二平面強化纖維組件由至少兩個分離的材料層組成,各材料層的形式例如為針織物,網狀織物,編織物或非編織布,材質為例如包含玻璃纖維,芳族聚酰胺纖維及/或碳纖維,或由玻璃纖維,芳族聚酰胺纖維及/或碳纖維形成,e)將一間隔件插入到該第一模具,f)以一抗壓及耐高溫的第二模具關閉該第一模具,該第二模具是由例如鋼合金製成,及 g)以例如提高的壓力及/或溫度,硬化由之前所進行的步驟所得,含有強化纖維的材料層結構,打開該第一及/或第二模具,並取出製得的輪圈。 According to the present invention, the above technical problem is solved by a method comprising the following steps, preferably in accordance with the sequence: a) providing a first mold which may be resistant to pressure and high temperature, for example made of steel alloy a mold, b) inserting a first planar reinforcing fiber component into the first mold, the first planar reinforcing fiber component being composed of at least two separate material layers, each material layer being in the form of, for example, a knitted fabric, a mesh Woven fabric, woven or non-woven fabric, for example comprising glass fibers, aramid fibers and/or carbon fibers, or formed of glass fibers, aramid fibers and/or carbon fibers, c) one or more a reinforcing fiber mat mainly made of reinforced fiber, inserted into the first mold, on the first planar reinforcing fiber component, d) inserting a second planar reinforcing fiber component into the first mold, Above the one or more reinforcing fiber mats, the second planar reinforcing fiber component is composed of at least two separate material layers, each of which is in the form of a knitted fabric, a mesh fabric, a braid Or a non-woven fabric made of, for example, glass fiber, aramid fiber and/or carbon fiber, or formed of glass fiber, aramid fiber and/or carbon fiber, e) inserting a spacer into the first mold f) closing the first mold with a second mold that is resistant to pressure and high temperature, the second mold being made of, for example, a steel alloy, and g) hardening the material layer structure containing the reinforcing fibers obtained by the previously performed steps, for example, by increasing the pressure and/or temperature, opening the first and/or second mold, and taking out the obtained rim.
上述的複合材料層結構/積層結構可以機器容易地實現。該方法可以縮短生產時間。雖然該輪圈的重量相比於已知的最輕質輪圈實質上並無改變,但確可以使其剛性顯著提高。本發明製得的產物,其剛性係數遠遠超過目前市售產品所可以提供的程度。且由於本發明提供一種負載調節設計,其便利特性不但不會惡化,且有所改善。 The above composite layer structure/layer structure can be easily realized by a machine. This method can shorten the production time. Although the weight of the rim is substantially unchanged from the known lightest rim, it is indeed possible to significantly increase its rigidity. The product produced by the present invention has a coefficient of rigidity that far exceeds what is currently available in commercially available products. And since the present invention provides a load regulation design, its convenience characteristics are not deteriorated and improved.
本發明的申請專利範圍附屬項所請求的有利實施例,將在以下作詳細的說明。 Advantageous embodiments as claimed in the dependent claims of the present invention will be described in detail below.
例如,本發明的有利的實施例中,另包括在步驟b之前及/或步驟a之後,將一個第一連續雙鋪織物/材料,沿一線/(螺旋)曲線/邊緣/直線包覆/下捲後,插入到該第一模具中的步驟。該第一連續雙鋪織物/材料之形式為例如以強化纖維製成的針織物,網狀織物,編織物或非編織布,材質為例如包含玻璃纖維,芳族聚酰胺纖維及/或碳纖維,或由玻璃纖維,芳族聚酰胺纖維及/或碳纖維形成。據此而獲得一種特定目的取向的纖維朝向/走向。 For example, in an advantageous embodiment of the invention, it is further included that before the step b and/or after the step a, a first continuous double-ply fabric/material is wrapped/bottomed along a line/(spiral) curve/edge/straight line. After the roll, the step of inserting into the first mold. The first continuous double-ply fabric/material is in the form of a knitted fabric, a mesh fabric, a woven fabric or a non-woven fabric, for example, made of reinforced fibers, and is made of, for example, glass fiber, aramid fiber and/or carbon fiber. Or formed from glass fibers, aramid fibers and/or carbon fibers. According to this, a specific orientation of the fibers is oriented/oriented.
在輪圈的負載能力方面,在本發明的有利的實施例中,另包括在步驟f之前及/或步驟e之後,使用一個第二連續雙鋪織物,沿一線/(螺旋)曲線/邊緣/直線包覆/下捲後,插入到該第一模具中,位於該第二平面強化纖維組件之上的步驟。該第二連續雙鋪織物/材料之形式為例如以強化纖維製成的針織物,網狀織物,編織物或非編織布,材質為例如包含玻璃纖維,芳族聚酰胺纖維及/或碳纖維,或由玻璃纖維,芳族聚酰胺纖維及/或碳纖維形成。 In terms of the load capacity of the rim, in an advantageous embodiment of the invention, it is additionally included before step f and/or after step e, using a second continuous double-ply fabric along a line/(helix) curve/edge/ After linear wrapping/unwinding, the step of inserting into the first mold over the second planar reinforcing fiber component. The second continuous double-ply fabric/material is in the form of a knitted fabric, a mesh fabric, a woven fabric or a non-woven fabric, for example, made of reinforced fibers, and is made of, for example, glass fiber, aramid fiber and/or carbon fiber. Or formed from glass fibers, aramid fibers and/or carbon fibers.
該間隔件可為一個可充氣的軟管,如橡膠,天然橡膠或矽氧烷軟管,也可為一塊發泡材料,諸如聚甲基丙烯酰亞胺結構,亦即以聚合物製得的硬化塑料(PMI)和硬化發泡體(PMI-E),並且屬於聚酰亞胺材料,特別是一塊所謂的Rohacell發泡體,及/或一個不可壓縮的塑料部件,例如一個(熱固性)樹脂組件,並包含(短)玻璃纖維。這種實施例可以達成/形成特別精確和可加載的輪圈凸緣。 The spacer may be an inflatable hose such as rubber, natural rubber or a decane hose, or a foamed material such as a polymethacrylimide structure, that is, a polymer. Hardened plastic (PMI) and hardened foam (PMI-E) and belong to polyimide materials, in particular a so-called Rohacell foam, and / or an incompressible plastic part, such as a (thermosetting) resin Components and contain (short) fiberglass. Such an embodiment can achieve/form a particularly precise and loadable rim flange.
在對力的吸收方面,在本發明的有利的實施例中,該第一連續雙鋪織物及/或第二連續雙鋪織物中的強化纖維主要具有基本上對準於平行該輪圈的圓周方向的排列,亦即對該圓周方向形成大約±5°或大約0°的夾角。 In terms of absorption of force, in an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the reinforcing fibers in the first continuous double layup fabric and/or the second continuous double lay fabric are primarily oriented substantially parallel to the circumference of the rim The alignment of the directions, that is, the angle of the circumferential direction is formed by about ±5° or about 0°.
本發明一個有利的示例性實施方式的特徵還在於,該第一平面強化纖維組件及/或該第二平面強化纖維組件中的強化纖維主要具有基本上對準於正交該輪圈的圓周方向的排列,亦即對該圓周方向形成大約80°到大約100°,較好為85°、90°或95°的夾角。這種設計可以製成在其軸向上特別可加載且具剛性的輪圈。 An advantageous exemplary embodiment of the present invention is further characterized in that the reinforcing fibers in the first planar reinforcing fiber component and/or the second planar reinforcing fiber component mainly have a substantially aligned circumferential direction orthogonal to the rim The arrangement, i.e., the circumferential direction, forms an included angle of from about 80° to about 100°, preferably 85°, 90° or 95°. This design makes it possible to produce a rim that is particularly loadable and rigid in its axial direction.
在本發明一種適用的實施方式中,該第一平面強化纖維組件及/或該第二平面強化纖維組件(各別)具有三層至少在軸向上彼此分離的材料層,其形式為例如以強化纖維製成的針織物,網狀織物,編織物或非編織布,材質為例如包含玻璃纖維,芳族聚酰胺纖維及/或碳纖維,或由玻璃纖維,芳族聚酰胺纖維及/或碳纖維形成。 In a suitable embodiment of the invention, the first planar reinforcing fiber component and/or the second planar reinforcing fiber component (each) have three layers of material separated from each other at least in the axial direction, in the form of, for example, reinforcement. a knitted fabric, a mesh fabric, a woven fabric or a non-woven fabric made of fibers, for example, comprising glass fibers, aramid fibers and/or carbon fibers, or formed of glass fibers, aramid fibers and/or carbon fibers. .
在這種實施例中,一種特別有利的實施方式是當該三個層中,位於中間的層的強化纖維相對於該圓周方向形成95°角的朝向,而相鄰於/鄰接 該中間層的兩層的強化纖維則具有85°角的朝向。上述朝向可有±1°~2°的可容許偏差。 In such an embodiment, a particularly advantageous embodiment is that, among the three layers, the reinforcing fibers of the intermediate layer form an orientation of 95° with respect to the circumferential direction, adjacent to/adjacent The two layers of reinforcing fibers of the intermediate layer have an orientation of 85°. The above orientation may have an allowable deviation of ±1°~2°.
如果在緊接步驟e後及/或緊接在步驟f之前,將一個邊緣鋒利的輔助輪廓層,定位在該間隔件上,並以該步驟所得的材料層結構在該輔助輪廓層上折疊/上捲/下折,則可得到側邊特別具有剛性的輪圈。 If immediately after step e and/or immediately before step f, a sharp edge auxiliary contour layer is positioned on the spacer and the material layer structure obtained in this step is folded over the auxiliary contour layer / The upper roll/lower fold gives a particularly rigid rim on the side.
在上述實施方式中,一種有利的實施方式是在對該輔助輪廓層作折疊/上捲/下折時,是對其圍繞該間隔件的軸向端部作折疊/上捲/下折,使得所得到的材料層結構的橫向端部彼此面對。這種設計可以使輪圈更容易達到/囓合該輪圈所要固定的輪胎鉗夾。 In the above embodiment, an advantageous embodiment is that when the auxiliary contour layer is folded/rolled/folded, the axial end of the spacer is folded/rolled/folded, so that The lateral ends of the resulting material layer structure face each other. This design makes it easier for the rim to reach/engage the tire clamp to which the rim is to be secured.
如果將該材料層結構的軸向端部重疊,或使用一個間隙,使其在圓周方向上由其軸向上觀察時保持常時相隔,將可提高該夾鉗固定的負載能力。這種設計使得在這種實施方式中,較容易取出該間隔件。且這種實施下,也可縮短製造所需時間。 If the axial ends of the material layer structure are overlapped, or a gap is used so as to be constantly spaced apart when viewed in the axial direction in the circumferential direction, the load capacity of the clamp can be increased. This design makes it easier to remove the spacer in this embodiment. In this implementation, the time required for manufacturing can also be shortened.
為了提高製造的效率,本發明的有利作法是將該強化纖維預先以樹脂,如環氧樹脂,熱固性樹脂或熱塑性樹脂浸透,或者先加以“乾燥”,其後在另一個分別的步驟中,以(上述)樹脂浸透。 In order to improve the efficiency of the production, it is advantageous in the present invention that the reinforcing fiber is previously impregnated with a resin such as an epoxy resin, a thermosetting resin or a thermoplastic resin, or "dried" first, and then in another separate step, (The above) resin is saturated.
在本發明的一種有利的實施例中,該第一模具是至少沿其軸向分模,例如分成兩個半模,及/或將該第二模具沿其圓周方向分模,彼此間形成一個連結,較好分成三個相同尺寸的分模。這種設計使得組件的出入以及各別材料層的插入作業,更形簡易。 In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the first mold is divided at least along its axial direction, for example into two mold halves, and/or the second mold is divided along its circumferential direction to form a mutual The link is preferably divided into three split molds of the same size. This design makes the component's access and the insertion of individual material layers easier.
如果輪圈的空氣動力特性並非重要,本發明一種有利的實施方式是在步驟g之後或緊接之後,在該輪圈的徑向內側鑽出供輻條連接的孔洞及/或閥件通孔。這種設計可以製成特別輕量的輪圈。 If the aerodynamic properties of the rim are not important, an advantageous embodiment of the invention is to drill a spoke-connected hole and/or a valve member through-hole on the radially inner side of the rim after or immediately after step g. This design can be made into a particularly lightweight rim.
為以有效的方式製造可加載(運行)的車輪,本發明的有利的實施方式是將第一組輻條連接到其輪圈上,徑向上離開第二組輻條連接處的位置,例如使兩組輻條連接到輪圈的不同層上。 In order to manufacture a loadable (running) wheel in an efficient manner, an advantageous embodiment of the invention is to connect the first set of spokes to their rims, radially away from the position of the second set of spoke connections, for example two sets The spokes are attached to different layers of the rim.
如果在步驟f之前或緊接之前,執行一個真空產生步驟,則可使各個組件良好的定位,之間沒有自由移動的空間。為此目的,可以插入一個具有三部分徑向套筒的蓋體。此外,使用一個袋子覆蓋,也可達到相同效果。 If a vacuum generation step is performed before or immediately before step f, the individual components can be well positioned with no free movement between them. For this purpose, a cover with a three-part radial sleeve can be inserted. In addition, the same effect can be achieved by covering with a bag.
為了使間隔件可以容易地取出,並在同一時間,以產生可加載的輪圈凸緣,本發明的有利的實施例是在步驟f之後或緊接其後,對輪圈的徑向外側銑削,以產生輪圈的凸緣。作為銑削的替代工法,也可以使用車削加工。 In order to allow the spacer to be easily removed and at the same time to produce a loadable rim flange, an advantageous embodiment of the invention is to radially outer milling the rim after or immediately after step f To create the flange of the rim. As an alternative to milling, turning can also be used.
在本發明一種有利的示例性實施例中,其特徵也在於將發泡的楔件貼附到,例如以黏膠貼附到該徑向內側,其方式可例如為以一條黏著膠帶,以螺旋方式貼附。 In an advantageous exemplary embodiment of the invention, it is also characterized in that the foamed wedge is attached to, for example, an adhesive inner side to the radially inner side, for example by means of an adhesive tape, spiral Way to attach.
在本發明進一步有利的實施例中,另包括覆蓋後來成為制動側翼的區域的步驟,較好覆蓋在該發泡楔件之上,其形式例如為針織物,網狀織物,編織物或非編織布。 In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the method further comprises the step of covering the area which later becomes the brake flank, preferably overlying the foaming wedge, in the form of, for example, a knitted fabric, a mesh fabric, a woven fabric or a non-woven fabric. cloth.
為了提供將來能進行良好的速度測定或步調測定,在本發明的有利實施方式中,是將一個(永久)磁鐵,(磁力)感測器,RFID晶片,配重及/或閥管,插入到該輪圈中或該發泡楔件中的一個。 In order to provide a good speed measurement or pacing measurement in the future, in an advantageous embodiment of the invention, a (permanent) magnet, a (magnetic) sensor, an RFID wafer, a counterweight and/or a valve tube are inserted into One of the rims or the foaming wedge.
如果將該發泡楔件及/或輪圈以一條或多條強化纖維墊覆蓋,且該強化纖維墊的強化纖維主要以接近或完全沿該圓周方向排列,則可製得具有優化的空氣動力學特性的輪圈,並能提升其負載能力。 If the foaming wedge and/or the rim are covered by one or more reinforcing fiber mats, and the reinforcing fibers of the reinforcing fiber mat are mainly arranged close to or completely along the circumferential direction, an optimized aerodynamic force can be obtained. Learn the characteristics of the rim and improve its load capacity.
為要提高預製完成的各個組件的凝聚性,本發明一種有利的實施例是在預期裝置輻條的區域,固定/披上強化纖維補片。 In order to increase the cohesiveness of the prefabricated individual components, an advantageous embodiment of the invention is to secure/coat a reinforcing fiber patch in the area where the spokes of the device are intended.
在本發明的有利的實施例中,將一片撞擊防護纖維片,例如由熱塑性材料製成的材料片,定位在該發泡楔件所在的區域,較好為位在該發泡楔件上的徑向中心區域。 In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, a piece of impact resistant fibrous sheet, such as a sheet of material made of a thermoplastic material, is positioned in the region of the foaming wedge, preferably on the foaming wedge. Radial center area.
為能夠迅速檢測出輪圈的磨耗,本發明一種有利的實施例是在(只在/恰在)一個制動側翼的區域內,定位並固定一個芳族聚酰胺纖維區段。在這種芳族聚酰胺纖維區段的圓周方向之後,亦即在切面方向上,可以跟隨另一個芳族聚酰胺纖維區段。在這種實施例中,一種有利的實施方式是,將該芳族聚酰胺纖維區段僅存在於一個單一的制動側翼上,以免不必要地增加重量。 In order to be able to quickly detect the wear of the rim, an advantageous embodiment of the invention is to position and fix an aramid fiber section in the region of (only/just) one of the brake flank. After the circumferential direction of the aramid fiber section, that is to say in the direction of the facet, it is possible to follow another aramid fiber section. In such an embodiment, an advantageous embodiment is that the aramid fiber segments are present only on a single brake flank to avoid unnecessarily increasing weight.
為要提高穩定性,可以使用一個另加的輻條固定系統,該輻條固定系統以螺旋織物/螺旋網狀織物製成,以便利輻條及/或閥插件插入。 To improve stability, an additional spoke attachment system can be used which is constructed of a spiral fabric/spiral mesh fabric to facilitate insertion of the spokes and/or valve inserts.
在本發明的有利實施例中,在該(樹脂)的浸透步驟中,使用提高的壓力及/或溫度,以實現該(運行)車輪的硬化。 In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, in the (resin) soaking step, an increased pressure and/or temperature is used to effect hardening of the (running) wheel.
本發明還涉及一種用於肌肉動力車輛,例如自行車的輪圈,該輪圈具有材料層結構,並根據本發明的方法製造。 The invention also relates to a rim for a muscle-powered vehicle, such as a bicycle, having a material layer structure and manufactured in accordance with the method of the invention.
本發明還涉及一種(運行)車輪,該車輪具有如上所述態樣的輪圈及/或由根據本發明方法(的態樣)所製得的輪圈。 The invention also relates to a (running) wheel having a rim as described above and/or a rim made by the method according to the invention.
最後,本發明還涉及一種自行車,該自行車具有如上所述的(運行)車輪,或如上所述的輪圈。 Finally, the invention also relates to a bicycle having a (running) wheel as described above, or a rim as described above.
以下將參考圖式,詳細說明本發明。圖式顯示根據本發明第一實施例的輪圈,以及根據本發明的方法所製得的輪圈。 The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. The drawings show a rim according to a first embodiment of the invention, and a rim made in accordance with the method of the invention.
1‧‧‧輪圈 1‧‧‧ rims
2‧‧‧第一模具 2‧‧‧First mould
3‧‧‧第二模具 3‧‧‧Second mold
4‧‧‧第一環件 4‧‧‧First ring
5‧‧‧第二環件 5‧‧‧second ring
6‧‧‧軸向 6‧‧‧Axial
7‧‧‧徑向 7‧‧‧ Radial
8‧‧‧圓周方向 8‧‧‧Circumferential direction
9‧‧‧中空空間 9‧‧‧ hollow space
10‧‧‧第一平面強化纖維組件 10‧‧‧First planar reinforced fiber component
11‧‧‧零度強化纖維層/強化纖維墊 11‧‧‧Zero reinforced fiber layer/reinforced fiber mat
12‧‧‧零度強化纖維層/強化纖維墊 12‧‧‧Zero reinforced fiber layer/reinforced fiber mat
13‧‧‧零度強化纖維層/強化纖維墊 13‧‧‧Zero reinforced fiber layer/reinforced fiber mat
14‧‧‧第二平面強化纖維組件 14‧‧‧Second Plane Reinforced Fiber Assembly
15‧‧‧輔助輪廓層 15‧‧‧Auxiliary contour layer
16‧‧‧間隔件 16‧‧‧ spacers
圖1為橫截面圖,僅顯示橫切過圖中所示的輪圈的圓周方向(即沿徑向方向)所見的輪圈。圖中顯示的是在硬化並由模具中取出之前的尚未完成的狀態。其後可能進行後處理/修整。 Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view showing only the rim seen across the circumferential direction of the rim shown in the Figure (i.e., in the radial direction). Shown in the figure is the unfinished state before being hardened and removed from the mold. Subsequent processing/dressing may follow.
該圖式僅是示意性質,並僅用於便利理解本發明的內容。該圖是一個疊加的示意圖,用來顯示依序執行的步驟,並一方面表示該輪圈放置在模具中的狀態,另一方面表示各別的材料層在該模具閉合之前,如何對準。 This drawing is merely illustrative in nature and is only used to facilitate an understanding of the invention. The figure is a superimposed schematic showing the steps performed in sequence, and on the one hand indicates the state in which the rim is placed in the mold, and on the other hand indicates how the individual layers of material are aligned before the mold is closed.
圖1顯示根據本發明的輪圈1的一個區段。輪圈1是放置在第一模具2的上方,第二模具3的下方。該第二模具3也可以稱為一個套筒。 Figure 1 shows a section of a rim 1 according to the invention. The rim 1 is placed above the first mold 2, below the second mold 3. This second mold 3 can also be referred to as a sleeve.
第一模具2是分模成為第一環件4及第二環件5,兩者配置在沿圓周方向的平面上,並定位於與一軸線方向正交的位置。該軸線方向6是以圖中標以6的箭頭表示,而徑向7則由標以7的箭頭表示。該圓周方向8是由標以8的箭頭表示。 The first mold 2 is divided into a first ring member 4 and a second ring member 5, both of which are disposed on a plane in the circumferential direction and positioned at a position orthogonal to an axial direction. The axis direction 6 is indicated by the arrow labeled 6 in the figure, while the radial direction 7 is indicated by the arrow labeled 7. This circumferential direction 8 is indicated by the arrow labeled 8.
第一模具2和第二模具3在兩者之間定義一個中空空間9,輪圈1的材料層結構中的各個材料層,是插入及/或定位於該中空空間9中。 The first mold 2 and the second mold 3 define a hollow space 9 between them, and each material layer in the material layer structure of the rim 1 is inserted and/or positioned in the hollow space 9.
第一平面強化纖維組件10先放置/插入到該第一模具2中,從而能夠額外地將一片第一連續雙鋪織物放置在兩者之間,但圖中並沒有顯示該第一連續雙鋪織物。在第一環件4與第二環件5之間的分割平面所在區域,軸向鄰近分割平面且徑向外側於該輪圈的徑向最內部區域處,有一零度強化纖維層11位在一定距離間隔處。其後另有一零度強化纖維層12和又一片零度強化纖維層13,其後是相鄰的下一個徑向外側鄰接層,即第二平面強化纖維組件14。上述零度強化纖維層11,12和13也可稱為強化纖維墊。 The first planar reinforcing fiber component 10 is first placed/inserted into the first mold 2, so that a piece of the first continuous double-ply fabric can be additionally placed between the two, but the first continuous double-ply is not shown in the figure. Fabric. In the region of the dividing plane between the first ring member 4 and the second ring member 5, axially adjacent to the dividing plane and radially outward at the radially innermost portion of the rim, there is a zero degree reinforcing fiber layer 11 at a certain position Distance separation. Thereafter, a zero degree reinforcing fiber layer 12 and a further zero degree reinforcing fiber layer 13 are formed, followed by an adjacent next radially outer abutting layer, i.e., a second planar reinforcing fiber component 14. The above zero-degree reinforcing fiber layers 11, 12 and 13 may also be referred to as reinforcing fiber mats.
第一平面強化纖維組件10和第二平面強化纖維組件14均包含三層強化纖維材料層,彼此分離,並各別具有85°,95°和85°角的朝向。 The first planar reinforcing fiber component 10 and the second planar reinforcing fiber component 14 each comprise three layers of layers of reinforcing fiber material separated from one another and each having an orientation of 85°, 95° and 85° angles.
一個輔助輪廓層15,例如由一個邊緣鋒利的玻璃纖維條帶製成的材料層,放置在一個間隔件16的徑向外側。如之前對圖式的說明所述,該零度強化纖維層11,12和13的遠端是配置成環繞該輔助輪廓層15的軸向端面,使該零度強化纖維層11,12和13的遠端互相接觸,彼此重疊或彼此軸向隔開。所形成的狀態並沒有在圖中顯示出來。 An auxiliary contour layer 15, such as a layer of material made of a sharp edged fiberglass strip, is placed radially outward of a spacer 16. As described in the previous description of the drawings, the distal ends of the zero-degree reinforcing fiber layers 11, 12 and 13 are disposed to surround the axial end faces of the auxiliary contour layer 15, such that the zero-degree reinforcing fiber layers 11, 12 and 13 are far. The ends are in contact with one another, overlapping each other or axially spaced from each other. The resulting state is not shown in the figure.
第一模具2和第二模具3是由鋼合金組件組成。各別的材料層的強化纖維材質是碳(長)纖維。 The first mold 2 and the second mold 3 are composed of a steel alloy component. The reinforcing fiber material of each material layer is carbon (long) fiber.
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DE102015102466.7A DE102015102466A1 (en) | 2015-02-20 | 2015-02-20 | A machined reinforcing fiber rim for a vehicle and method of manufacturing such a rim |
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US11584155B2 (en) | 2018-10-10 | 2023-02-21 | Sram, Llc | Composite bicycle rim |
CN111806147B (en) * | 2020-03-23 | 2022-08-05 | 同济大学 | FSAE racing car composite material rim and forming method thereof |
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