TWI623701B - Terahertz-gigahertz illuminator - Google Patents

Abstract

A terahertz-Girsch illuminator that can be applied to or integrated into many terahertz-Girsch applications and/or systems such as imaging, security or communications. One or more terahertz-Girsch transmitters are combined into an array, wherein each terahertz-Girhitz transmitter comprises a terahertz-Gird source and a terahertz-Girsch lens. In addition, in each terahertz-Girsch transmitter, the geometric relationship between the terahertz-Girsch source and the terahertz-Girsch lens can be dynamically adjusted to dynamically adjust the emission angle of the transmitted terahertz-Girsch wave. With pointing angles. Incidentally, any terahertz-Girsch transmitter can be rotated and/or moved to change the direction of propagation of the transmitted terahertz-Gird wave. In this way, the terahertz-Girsch illuminator can uniformly illuminate interesting objects located at any distance, and does not need to modify other aspects of the terahertz-Girsch light source to effectively apply each of them to uniformly illuminate at any distance. The limited source power of the transmitter of the object of interest.

Description

Terahertz-Girhez illuminator

The invention relates to a terahertz-gigahertz illuminator (THz illuminator), in particular to efficiently use a terahertz-Gird wave and to improve the uniformity of the terahertz-Gird wave on the object. Terahertz-Gehès illuminator.

Interest in terahertz-gehitz technology has increased significantly over the past few decades, and commercial applications using terahertz-Girsch systems have steadily increased correspondingly. For example, the unique transmission properties of terahertz-Girsch waves make terahertz-Giltz imaging systems and terahertz-Girsch security systems of significant commercial value. A classic example is the identification of hidden objects, such as metal weapons covered by fiber clothing. More, due to the wavelength of the terahertz-Girsch wave, the high bandwidth data of the terahertz-gehz wave may be applied to future generation communication systems.

The development of terahertz-jihz technology must overcome some difficult challenges. One such challenge is that currently available commercial terahertz-Girsch sources are not only relatively low power but also expensive. For example, the output power of a typical commercial terahertz-Girsch source is in the range of tens of milliwatts, which is Light-emitting-diodes (LEDs) or even household light bulbs that are significantly smaller than the general performance. Therefore, the design and application of terahertz-Girsch systems is clearly limited by the capabilities of terahertz-Girsch sources. In addition, because the terahertz-Girsch wave is invisible, how to efficiently and uniformly illuminate the terahertz-Girsch wave to one or more objects at an unlimited distance without illuminating other spaces is A difficult problem, especially if the number of such objects, the number of these terahertz-Girsch sources and/or the geometric relationship between these objects and these terahertz-Girsch sources are continuously changing.

In summary, there is a need to develop terahertz Hz illuminators that can efficiently and uniformly illuminate objects without wasting the output power of the terahertz-Girth source.

The terahertz-Girsch illuminator proposed by the present invention uses one or more terahertz-Girsch transmitters of the present invention arranged in an array. In particular, the distribution of these terahertz-Girsch transmitters and the configuration of each terahertz-Girsch transmitter can be dynamically adjusted.

Basically, the proposed terahertz-Girsch transmitter consists of a terahertz-Girsch source and a terahertz-Girsch lens. Incidentally, a lens fixture is configured to hold both the terahertz-Gird source and the terahertz-Girsch lens. The terahertz-Girsch source can be any known, evolving or future terahertz-Girth source. A terahertz-Girsch lens is a single lens element or a combination of a plurality of lens elements that can process terahertz-gehz waves and concentrate their power. In some examples, the terahertz-Girsch source is placed in terahertz The focal point of the Z-Girsch lens or its vicinity is such that the terahertz-Gird wave generated by the terahertz-Girsch source can be emitted to the opposite side. The focal length of the terahertz-Girsch lens should be as small as possible to collect terahertz-Gird waves as much as possible. In some examples, at least one of the terahertz-Girsch source and the terahertz-Girsch lens can be moved along the geometric axis to change the emission of the terahertz-Girsch wave after passing through the terahertz-Girsch lens. angle. Here, the geometric axis is defined as a line connecting the center of the terahertz-Girsch lens and the center of the terahertz-Girth source. In some examples, the terahertz-Girth source and/or the terahertz-Girsch lens may be moved in a direction perpendicular to and/or interdigitated with the geometric axis to change the terahertz-gehz wave through the terahertz - The pointing angle behind the Girsch lens. In some instances, the terahertz-Girsch source and/or the terahertz-Girsch lens can be rotated, as if rotated around a direction parallel to the geometrical axis, thereby altering the propagation of the transmitted terahertz-jihz wave. direction. Here, the emission angle is defined as the angular range of the terahertz-Gird wave emitted by the terahertz-Girsch transmitter, and the pointing angle is defined as the angle between the middle of the transmitted terahertz-Gird wave and the geometric axis. .

Basically, these terahertz-Girsch emitters can be distributed in a single point (ie, a zero-dimensional array), or a two-dimensional array, or a three-dimensional array or others. For example, these emitters can be listed along a straight line, a curve, or a zigzag. For example, these emitters can be distributed over squares, circles, polygons, planar surfaces, curved surfaces, or undulant surfaces. . Lift For example, these emitters can be distributed in a two-dimensional array on the X-Y plane but at least two emitters are not identical in position on the Z-axis. For example, these emitters can be distributed regularly or equidistantly to achieve better illumination uniformity.

100, 300, 400, 500‧‧‧ terahertz-jihz illuminators

110, 210, 310, 410, 510‧‧‧ Terahertz-Gehz transmitters

112, 212, 312, 512‧‧‧ terahertz-Girsch light source

114, 214, 314, 514‧‧‧ terahertz-Girsch lenses

116‧‧‧Internal drive

118‧‧‧External drive

251, 253, 35, 451, 452, 453 ‧ ‧ objects

299, 399, 499‧‧‧THz-Ghz wave

The first A diagram abstractly depicts a terahertz-Girsch illuminator with some equal terahertz-Girsch transmitters, the first B diagram abstractly depicting the configuration of the terahertz-Girsch transmitter, the first C-to-first A D-picture defines the emission angle and the pointing angle of the terahertz-Girsch wave emitted by the terahertz-Girsch transmitter, while the first E-picture and the first F-picture abstractly depict some terahertz-Girsch transmitters.

The second A and second B diagrams abstractly depict a terahertz-Gird illuminator in which some of the same terahertz-Girsch transmitters are arranged in a one-dimensional array and the emission angle of the transmitted terahertz-Girsch wave is The second C map and the second D map abstractly depict how the distance between the terahertz-Girsch source and the terahertz-Girsch lens is located inside the terahertz-Girsch transmitter. The drive is changed to dynamically change the launch angle.

The third A and third B diagrams abstractly depict a terahertz-Gird illuminator in which some of the same terahertz-Gird-type emitters are arranged in a two-dimensional array and can vary from one object to another depending on the distance of the different objects. The emission angle of the Hertz-Girsch wave, and the third C and third D diagrams abstractly present the illumination pattern of the terahertz-Girsch illuminator with the same example of four emitters and the relationship between the emission angle and the object distance. Each illuminator has a power of one watt and the illuminators are arranged to There is a one-dimensional array of 40 cm cycles.

Figures 4A and 4B abstractly depict a terahertz-Girsch illuminator in which some of the same terahertz-Girsch transmitters are arranged in a one-dimensional array and any terahertz-Girsch transmitter can be dynamically adjusted separately Its angle of pointing, the fourth C diagram abstractly presents the illumination pattern of the terahertz-Gird illuminator of the same example with five emitters when the object is irradiated at a distance of five meters and the relationship between the angle of emission and the distance of the object. The illuminator has a power of one watt and the illuminators are arranged in a one-dimensional array with a 40 cm period.

Figure 5A abstractly depicts a terahertz-Gird illuminator with three emitters arranged in a one-dimensional array, while Figures 5B through F represent a summary of how this terahertz-Girsch illuminator is It is dynamically adjusted according to the steps mentioned.

The sixth diagram abstractly depicts a front view and a side view of a terahertz-Gird illuminator having sixteen terahertz-Gird illuminators arranged in a four by four array, wherein the terahertz-gehz illuminators are embedded In the common panel.

The detailed description of the present invention will be discussed by the following examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and are applicable to other applications. The drawings disclose some details, and it must be understood that the disclosed details may differ from those disclosed, unless the features are explicitly limited.

The proposed terahertz-Girhitz illuminator has one or more terahertz-Girsch transmitters and collectively uses all terahertz-Gird waves emitted from these terahertz-Girsch transmitters, where the transmitters can According to one or The positions of the plurality of objects are individually and dynamically adjusted. Among them, the first A diagram abstractly depicts the condition of the terahertz-Gird illuminator 100 having some equal terahertz-Girth illuminators 110. As depicted schematically in FIG. B, each terahertz-Girth illuminator 110 has a terahertz-Girth source 112 and a terahertz-Girsch lens 114, wherein the terahertz-Girth source 112 is placed At or near the focus behind the terahertz-Girsch lens 114. The emission angle and the pointing angle of the transmitted terahertz-jihz wave are defined in the first C-picture and the first D-picture. In the situation shown in the first C-picture, the transmitted terahertz-Gird-wave 199 is propagated along a geometric axis defined as a line connecting the center of the terahertz-Girsch lens and the center of the terahertz-Girsch source. That is, the pointing angle is also zero. In the situation shown in the first D-picture, the transmitted terahertz-Gird-wave 199 is propagated in a direction staggered with the geometrical axis, that is, the pointing angle is also greater than zero degrees (a non-zero pointing angle). As shown in FIG. E, for each terahertz-girth encoder 110, the internal driver 116 can be used to move and/or rotate at least terahertz-Gird-child lens 114 and terahertz-Girth source 112. One. In another example, as shown in the first F-figure, for each terahertz-girth encoder 110, the external driver 118 can be used to move and/or rotate the terahertz-Girsch lens 114 with terahertz-Girsch At least one of the light sources 112. In particular, to rotate the terahertz-Girsch lens 114, the axis of rotation is generally perpendicular to the geometric center axis of the terahertz-Girsch lens 114. Obviously, by using the internal driver 116 and/or the external driver 118, for each terahertz-Girth illuminator 110, the emission angle and the pointing angle of the transmitted terahertz-Girsch wave 119 can be dynamically adjusted. .

In general, the terahertz-Girsch lens 114 can be a single lens element or can be composed of a plurality of lens elements, and the terahertz-Girth source 112 is located at or near the focus of the terahertz-Girsch lens 114. The terahertz-gehz wave emitted by the terahertz-Girsch source 112 can be emitted to the opposite side. Thus, the terahertz-Gird wave generated by the terahertz-Girth source 112 can be transmitted through the terahertz-Girsch lens 114 and illuminate objects having a finite size at a finite distance. Furthermore, in order to avoid diffraction and to ensure that a small emission angle is achievable, the diameter of the terahertz-Girsch lens 114 is typically five to ten times the wavelength of the terahertz-Gird wave generated by the terahertz-Girth source 112. For example, if the terahertz-Gird illuminator 100 is designed for a terahertz-gehz wave having a frequency of 100 gigahertz (GHz), the terahertz-Girsch lens 114 must have a diameter of at least thirty millimeters. For example, limited by diffraction, if the ratio of the two is ten times, the minimum emission angle is about five degrees. In any event, larger diameter terahertz-Girth lenses 114 may have some disadvantages due to material cost, size, and weight. In addition, the thickness of the terahertz-Girsch lens 114 does not need to be limited, although a thinner terahertz-Girsch lens 114 having lower material cost, less terahertz-jihz wave absorption, and ease of fabrication is preferred. Good.

In addition, the performance of the terahertz-Girsch lens 114, even the performance of any one of the terahertz-Girsch lenses 114, may be similar to at least one of the following properties: plano-convex lens , a plano-concave lens, a concave-convex lens, and a convex-concave lens. In, for each lens The non-planar surface of the component may be spherical or aspherical, although an aspherical surface may be more practical because it reduces the thickness of the lens component.

Certain embodiments of the present invention are generally depicted in Figures 2A through 2D, where the embodiments relate to terahertz having one and only (or considered to have a zero dimensional array) and having a fixed pointing angle - The terahertz-Gird illuminator 200 of the GHz illuminator 210. In these embodiments, if the distance between the terahertz-Girsch source 212 and the terahertz-Girsch lens 214 is fixed, the angle of illumination of the emitted terahertz-Gird wave will also be correspondingly fixed. Therefore, if the size of the object 251 and the object 253 are not equal to the beam width when the terahertz-Girsch wave 299 reaches the object 251 and the object 253, the transmitted terahertz-Gird wave 299 will not be appropriate. The object 251 and the object 253 are irradiated. In any event, by using the internal driver 216 to change the geometric relationship between the terahertz-Girsch lens 214 and the terahertz-Girth source 212, these embodiments can dynamically adjust the emission angle of the transmitted terahertz-Girsch wave 299. (Or considered to change the beamwidth of the divergent terahertz-Girsch wave 299 when it reaches the object 251 and the object 253) so as to cover the entire object 251 and the entire object 253. Therefore, the disadvantage that at least part of the object 251 is not covered by the terahertz-Girsch wave 299 can be minimized. In summary, these embodiments can efficiently use the terahertz-Girdz wave 299 generated by the terahertz-Girth source 212 by appropriately illuminating the object 251 with the object 253.

Certain embodiments of the present invention are generally depicted in Figures A through 3B, where the embodiments are somewhat identical and have a fixed orientation with an array of equally-spaced one-dimensional arrays. The terahertz-Gird illuminator 300 of the terahertz-Girsch transmitter 310. In these embodiments, in order to efficiently use the individual terahertz-Girditz emitters 310 and to uniformly illuminate objects 35 at any distance from the terahertz-Girth illuminator 300, these terahertz-Girsch transmitters 310 emit The emission angles of the terahertz-gehz waves should be the same, so that the illumination regions corresponding to these terahertz-Girsch emitters 310 can be maintained at a size comparable to the size of the array at any object distance. For example, if the distribution of terahertz-gehz waves 399 illuminated by each terahertz-girsch transmitter 310 is presumed to be a Gaussian profile, each terahertz-girth transmitter 310 There may be equal and defined emission angles of 2*tan ^-1 (0.5*array period/(object distance)), where the array period is the periodic spacing of the terahertz-Girsch emitter array. In other words, whenever the object distance has been determined, all of the terahertz-girsch transmitters 310 can be adjusted to have the desired terahertz-gehz wave 399 emission angle to evenly illuminate the object. In order to provide a specific example, as shown in the third C diagram, this illumination pattern corresponds to four terahertz-Girdhertz emitters 310 each having one watt of power and arranged in a line at a pitch of forty centimeters. If the illumination angles of all terahertz-Girsch transmitters 310 are correctly and dynamically adjusted, a uniform illumination profile can be obtained on the axis along the illumination plane. More, as shown in the third D diagram, the emission angle of each terahertz-Girsch transmitter can be correspondingly varied depending on the object distance. In summary, the internal driver can be applied to dynamically adjust the distance between the terahertz-Gird source 312 and the terahertz-Girsch lens 314 depending on the object distance of the item to be illuminated.

Certain embodiments of the present invention are generally depicted in Figures 4A and 4B, where embodiments relate to terahertz-Ji with some similar terahertz-Girdher transmitters 410 arranged in a one-dimensional array. Hertz illuminator 400. In these embodiments, each terahertz-Girth illuminator 410 can dynamically adjust its pointing angle and launch angle so that these terahertz-Gird-type emitters 400 can efficiently illuminate at any object distance with collective illumination. Objects 451/452/453 of any size. The directional angle and the angle of emission of each terahertz-Girsch transmitter 400 can be dynamically adjusted to a particular combination whereby terahertz-Ji transmitted from these dynamically adjusted terahertz-Girditz transmitters 410 Hertz waves can cover and only cover these objects 451/452/453. For example, if these terahertz-Gird-type transmitters 410 can all be estimated to be equally spaced and the transmitted terahertz-Gird-waves 499 have a Gaussian profile, each terahertz-Gird-type transmitter 410 can have the same And is defined as the emission angle of 2*tan ^-1 (0.5*FWHM/(object distance)), where FWHM is the full width half maximum illuminated on the object. In order to uniformly illuminate the object using all of the terahertz-Girditz emitters 410, the full half-height is equal to the required illumination area divided by the axial number of these terahertz-girtz emitters 410. For each terahertz-Girth illuminator 410, an internal driver can be used to change the relative position of the terahertz-Girsch source to the terahertz-Girsch lens in order to adjust the pointing angle. The internal driver can also be used to rotate a terahertz-Girsch lens and/or a terahertz-Girth source, and even an external driver can be used to move and/or rotate the terahertz-Girsch transmitter 410, thereby dynamically adjusting the orientation. angle. The pointing angle of the terahertz-Gird illuminator 410 in the Xth row (or the Xth column) of the entire terahertz-Girsch illuminator 400 is defined as tan ^-1 (((array period)*) (0.5*( Axial number) -1) - X) / ((half-peak full height * (0.5 * (axial number) - 1) - X)), where the axial number (ANOS) is terahertz - gigahertz illumination The axial number of the device 410. For example, as shown in the fourth C-picture, the illumination pattern of the example corresponds to five terahertzs each having one watt of power and arranged on the illumination plane to have a forty centimeters period - The gigahertz emitter 410 is applied to illuminate the condition of the object 45 that is five meters away. Obviously, the illumination profile is uniform along the array axis along the five terahertz-girth emitters 410.

Obviously, as mentioned in the above embodiments, the invention has two key features. First, for each terahertz-Girsch transmitter, the geometric relationship between the terahertz-Girsch source and the terahertz-Girsch lens is dynamically tunable, which in turn causes the terahertz-gehz wave to be emitted. The launch angle and/or the pointing angle can also be dynamically adjusted. Second, for some terahertz-Girsch transmitters arranged in an array, different terahertz-Girsch transmitters can be independently and dynamically adjusted so that all terahertz-Girsch transmitters emit terahertz - The GHz wave can effectively illuminate different objects located at different object locations. Therefore, as long as these two key features are achievable, other details do not need to be limited.

For example, for each terahertz-Girhitz emitter, the geometric relationship between the terahertz-Gird source and the terahertz-Girsch lens can be adjusted by at least one of the following steps: moving along the geometric axis too Hertz-Girsch light source, moving a terahertz-Girsch lens along the geometric axis, hangs along the geometric axis A line of straight lines (straight line segments, curved line segments, squall line segments, or others) that move straight along a line that is perpendicular or intersecting with the geometric axis (straight line segment, curve segment, 蜿蜒a line or other) moving the terahertz-Girsch lens, rotating the terahertz-Girth source in a direction perpendicular to or intersecting the geometric axis, and rotating the terahertz in a direction perpendicular or intersecting the geometric axis - Giltz lens. For example, for a plurality of terahertz-Gird-type emitters arranged in an array, the directional angle and the emission angle of the terahertz-gehz wave emitted from the terahertz-Girsch emitters can be transmitted through at least one of the following steps One to adjust: freely rotate at least one terahertz-Girhitz transmitter without changing the geometric relationship between the terahertz-Girsch source and the terahertz-Girsch lens in the inside of the rotated terahertz-Girsch transmitter Moving at least one terahertz-Girhitz transmitter without changing the geometry of the terahertz-Girsch source in the terahertz-Girsch transmitter and the terahertz-Girsch lens, and changing at least one terahertz-Girsch The geometric relationship between the terahertz-Girsch source and the terahertz-Girsch lens in the interior of the emitter. Merely as an example, Figure 5A abstractly depicts a terahertz-Gird illuminator with three terahertz-Gird-type emitters arranged in a one-dimensional array, while Figures 5B through V represent a summary of this How the three terahertz-Girhitz transmitters are dynamically adjusted separately according to the above steps. Here, the terahertz-Girsch illuminator is labeled 500, the terahertz-Girsch transmitter is labeled 510, and the terahertz-Girth source and the terahertz-Girsch lens are labeled 512 and 514, respectively.

In summary, for each terahertz-Girditz transmitter 510, the emission angle of the transmitted terahertz-Girsch wave can be adjusted by at least one of the following: The terahertz-Girsch lens 514 is moved along the geometric axis and the terahertz-Gird source 512 is moved along the geometric axis. Furthermore, the angle of incidence of the transmitted terahertz-Girsch wave can be adjusted by at least one of: rotating the terahertz-Girsch lens 514 about a direction perpendicular to or crossing the geometric axis, about perpendicular or intersecting Rotating the terahertz-Girth source 512 in the direction of the geometric axis, moving the terahertz-Girth lens 514 in a direction perpendicular to or crossing the geometric axis, moving the terahertz-jihz along a direction perpendicular or intersecting the geometric axis Light source 512, and rotating terahertz-Girditz emitter 510 about a direction perpendicular or intersecting the geometric axis.

More generally, in order to ensure that most of the terahertz-Gird waves can be dynamically adjusted by the terahertz-Girsch lens 514, the angle of rotation is often equal to or less than forty-five degrees. Moreover, in general, the distance between the terahertz-Girth source 512 and the terahertz-Girsch lens 514 is equal to or less than the focal length (or equivalent focal length) of the terahertz-Girsch lens 514, This ensures that most of the terahertz-Gird waves emitted by the terahertz-Girsch source 512 can be dynamically adjusted and transmitted through the terahertz-Girsch lens 514. Thereby, in some examples, the internal driver can be designed to move the terahertz-Girsch lens along the geometric axis or in a direction intersecting the geometric axis, where the terahertz-Girsch lens and the terahertz-Girth source The distance along the geometric axis is maintained at a radius equal to or less than the terahertz-Girsch lens. In some examples, the internal driver can be designed to move a terahertz-Gird source along a geometric axis or a direction intersecting the geometric axis, where the terahertz-Girsch lens and the terahertz-Girth source are along The distance of the geometric axis is maintained at or below the terahertz The radius of the Zigzil lens. In some examples, the internal driver can be configured to rotate the terahertz-Girth lens about a rotation angle equal to or less than forty-five degrees about a direction intersecting the geometric axis, or can be configured to surround the geometric axis The vertical direction rotates the terahertz-Girsch lens by a rotation angle equal to or less than forty-five degrees. Similarly, in some examples, the internal driver can be configured to rotate the terahertz-Girth source in a direction that intersects the geometric axis by a rotation angle equal to or less than forty-five degrees, or can be configured to be wound around The terahertz-Girth source is rotated by a direction perpendicular to the geometric axis by a rotation angle equal to or less than forty-five degrees. Similarly, in some examples, the external drive can be configured to rotate the terahertz-girth encoder in a direction that intersects the geometric axis by a rotation angle equal to or less than forty-five degrees, or can be configured to be wound The terahertz-Girheiser transmitter is rotated by a direction perpendicular to the geometric axis by a rotation angle equal to or less than forty-five degrees.

Further, although only zero-dimensional arrays and one-dimensional arrays are depicted in the above embodiments, the present invention can also arrange a plurality of terahertz-Gird-type emitters into a two-dimensional array or a three-dimensional array. Here, the details of the array are not limited. For example, a zero-dimensional array can be a single point, representing that only one terahertz-Girsch transmitter is used. For example, if two or more terahertz-Girsch emitters are used, the one-dimensional array can be a straight line, a curved line or a meander line segment, and the two-dimensional array can be a square, circular, polygonal, planar surface. , a curved surface, a flat surface, or an undulating surface. For example, for a three-dimensional array, two or more terahertz-Gird-type emitters can be distributed in the XY plane as a two-dimensional array as described above but at least two terahertz-Girsch emitters in the Z direction along The Z axis has different positions. In particular, in order to efficiently and uniformly illuminate these objects, it is advantageous, but not mandatory, to arrange these terahertz-Girsch emitters equally spaced. Here, the sixth diagram abstractly depicts front and side views of a terahertz-Gird illuminator having sixteen terahertz-Girth illuminators arranged in a four by four array, wherein these terahertz-Girth illuminations The device is embedded in a common panel.

An advantage of the terahertz-Girth illuminator proposed by the present invention is that the size of the required terahertz-Girsch lens can be reasonably reduced, since each terahertz-Girth source is associated with a terahertz-ji Hertz lenses are paired and different terahertz-Girsch sources are matched with different terahertz-Girsch lenses. Due to the longer wavelengths of terahertz-Girsch waves and the lower power performance of terahertz-Girsch sources, it is common to use most terahertz-Girth sources, but the size of these terahertz-Girsch sources will vary. It has become bigger. Therefore, the use of a plurality of small terahertz-Girsch lenses can be cheaper and lighter than using a few large terahertz-Girsch lenses.

Incidentally, in order to miniaturize the size to provide a compact and portable terahertz-Gird illuminator, each terahertz-Girsch transmitter can be placed in close proximity to other adjacent terahertz-Girsch transmitters. In addition, each terahertz-Girsch transmitter is separated from other terahertz-Girsch transmitters in order to match the intended illuminator operating environment or to match the possible distribution of the position and size of the objects. It is more advantageous.

In addition, the material of the terahertz-Girsch lens (or the material of each lens element) can be glass, quartz or any other that can make terahertz-ji Hertz wave penetrates the material. In addition, the details of the internal drive and the external drive are also unlimited. For example, a combination of motor and mechanical structure can be used to move a terahertz-Girth source and/or a terahertz-Girsch lens to dynamically adjust the distance between them, while a linear brake can be used to move the terahertz The Girsch transmitter, as well as the rotary brake, can be used to rotate the terahertz-Girsch transmitter. Incidentally, in order to further improve the quality of the terahertz-Girsch wave emitted by the terahertz-Girsch transmitter, at least a part of the terahertz-Girsch lens may be coated with an anti-reflection layer. Or at least a portion of the one or more lens elements may be coated with a reflective layer, or at least one of the lens holders for holding the terahertz-Girsch lens and the terahertz-Girth source may be used. The surface is covered (or covered) with a reflective layer. Here, the anti-reflection layer may be any material that can absorb terahertz-Girsch waves and minimize the reflection of terahertz-gehz waves from a terahertz-Girsch source. Merely by way of example, the material of the antireflective layer may be Expandable Polypropylene (EPP), or even an expandable polypropylene mixed with carbon particles, silver particles or other conductive particles.

Although the same embodiment uses the same terahertz-Girsch transmitter to construct the terahertz-Gird illuminator, the present invention can use different terahertz-Girsch transmitters to construct the terahertz-Gird illuminator. In other words, the present invention can use different terahertz-Girditz transmitters with different terahertz-Girsch lenses and/or different terahertz-Girth sources, although dynamically adjusted by different terahertz-Girsch transmitters The resulting terahertz-Girsch illuminator will dynamically adjust the terahertz-Girsch photo formed by the same terahertz-Girsch transmitter The complexity of the Ming instrument. For example, different terahertz-Girhitz emitters with different terahertz-Girsch lenses may require different geometric relationships between terahertz-Girsch sources and terahertz-Girsch lenses to make each terahertz The terahertz-gehz waves emitted by the Girsch transmitter have similar (even equal) pointing angles or emission angles.

The various applications of the proposed terahertz-Girsch illuminators can be summarized as follows. In the state of the terahertz-Girhez illuminator embedded in the terahertz-Girth image system, a device is used to detect the object distance (such as a depth imager or radar system) and then a terahertz-Girsch illuminator Used together, the role of the depth imager or radar system is to find the location of the object of interest, and then the terahertz-Girsch illuminator operates correspondingly to focus the terahertz-gehz wave on objects of interest, like Uniformly and efficiently illuminate only objects of interest. Such a way can improve the signal-to-noise-ratio of the terahertz-Ghiz image system.

Obviously, many modifications and differences may be made to the invention in light of the above description. It is therefore to be understood that within the scope of the appended claims, the invention may be The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the claims of the present invention; any equivalent changes or modifications made without departing from the spirit of the present invention should be included in the following patents. Within the scope.

Claims (21)

A terahertz-Girth illuminator comprising: a terahertz-Girsch transmitter having a terahertz-Gird source and a terahertz-Girsch lens; here, the emission of the terahertz-Girsch transmitter At least one of an angle and a pointing angle can be dynamically adjusted; here, the angle of emission is defined as the angular range of the terahertz-Gird wave emitted by the terahertz-Girditz transmitter; here, the pointing angle is defined as The angle between the middle of the transmitted terahertz-Girsch wave and the geometrical axis, where the geometric axis is defined as the line connecting the center of the terahertz-Girsch lens to the center of the terahertz-Girsch source. A terahertz-Gird illuminator as described in claim 1, wherein the terahertz-Girsch lens has a diameter of at least five to ten of a wavelength of a terahertz-Gird-wave generated by a terahertz-Gird source. Times. A terahertz-Gird illuminator as described in claim 1, wherein the terahertz-Girsch lens can be a single lens element or a combination of a plurality of lens elements. The terahertz-Gird illuminator of claim 3, wherein at least one surface of the at least one lens element is spherical or aspherical. A terahertz-Gird illuminator as claimed in claim 3, wherein the at least one lens element has a performance equal to at least one of the following: a plano-concave lens, a plano-convex lens, a meniscus lens and a convex-concave lens. A terahertz-Gird illuminator as claimed in claim 1, wherein the terahertz-Girth source is located at or near the focus of the terahertz-Girsch lens to thereby produce a terahertz-Gird source Terahertz-Girsch waves can be emitted to the opposite side. The terahertz-Gird illuminator of claim 1, further comprising at least one of: an internal driver configured to move the terahertz-Girth source along the geometric axis; and an internal driver Configure to move the terahertz-Girsch lens along the geometric axis. The terahertz-Gird illuminator of claim 1, further comprising at least one of: an internal driver configured to rotate the terahertz-Girsch lens; and an internal driver configured to rotate too Hertz-Girsch light source. The terahertz-Gird illuminator of claim 1, further comprising an external driver configured to rotate and/or move the entire terahertz-Girditz transmitter without changing the terahertz-Girsch Light source and terahertz-jihs The geometric relationship between the mirrors. The terahertz-Girhetz illuminator of claim 7, further comprising at least one of: the internal driver configured to move the terahertz-Girsch lens along the geometric axis, where the terahertz-Girsch lens The distance from the terahertz-Girsch source is maintained at a radius equal to or less than the radius of the terahertz-Girsch lens; the internal driver is configured to move the terahertz-Girsch lens in a direction intersecting the geometric axis, where terahertz - The distance between the gigahertz lens and the terahertz-Girsch source is maintained at a radius equal to or less than the radius of the terahertz-Girsch lens; the internal driver is configured to move the terahertz-Girth source along the geometric axis, where terahertz-ji The distance between the Hertzian lens and the terahertz-Girsch source is maintained at a radius equal to or less than the radius of the terahertz-Girsch lens; the internal driver is configured to move the terahertz-Girth source along the direction intersecting the geometric axis, where The distance between the terahertz-Girsch lens and the terahertz-Girsch source is kept at or below the radius of the terahertz-Girsch lens; the internal driver is Rotating the terahertz-Girsch lens in a direction intersecting the axis of the terahertz-Girsch lens geometry, wherein the angle of rotation is equal to or less than 45 degrees; the internal driver is configured to cross along the axis of the terahertz-Girth source geometry The direction of rotation of the terahertz-Girsch lens, where the angle of rotation is equal to or less than 45 degrees; the internal driver is configured to follow the axis of the terahertz-Girsch lens geometry Rotating the terahertz-Girth source in the direction of the intersection, wherein the angle of rotation is equal to or less than 45 degrees; the internal driver is configured to rotate the terahertz-Girth source in a direction intersecting the axis of the terahertz-Girth source geometry, wherein the angle of rotation Equal to or less than 45 degrees; the external driver is configured to rotate the terahertz-Girditz transmitter in a direction that intersects the axis of the terahertz-Girsch lens geometry, wherein the angle of rotation is equal to or less than 45 degrees; and the external driver is configured to The terahertz-Girditz transmitter is rotated in a direction intersecting the axis of the terahertz-Girth source geometry, wherein the angle of rotation is equal to or less than 45 degrees. The terahertz-Girhetz illuminator of claim 7, further comprising at least one of: the internal driver configured to move the terahertz-Girsch lens along the geometric axis, where the terahertz-Girsch lens The distance from the terahertz-Girsch source is maintained at a radius equal to or less than the radius of the terahertz-Girsch lens; the internal driver is configured to move the terahertz-Girsch lens in a direction intersecting the geometric axis, where terahertz - The distance between the gigahertz lens and the terahertz-Girsch source is maintained at a radius equal to or less than the radius of the terahertz-Girsch lens; the internal driver is configured to move the terahertz-Girth source along the geometric axis, where terahertz-ji The distance between the Hertzian lens and the terahertz-Girsch source is maintained at a radius equal to or less than the radius of the terahertz-Girsch lens; The internal driver is configured to move the terahertz-Gird source in a direction crossing the geometric axis, where the distance between the terahertz-Girsch lens and the terahertz-Girth source remains at or below the terahertz-Girsch lens Radius; the internal driver is configured to rotate the terahertz-Girsch lens in a direction that intersects the axis of the terahertz-Girsch lens geometry, where the angle of rotation is equal to or less than 45 degrees; the internal driver is configured to follow the terahertz- The terahertz-Girsch lens is rotated in the direction of the axis crossing in the gigaherian source geometry, wherein the angle of rotation is equal to or less than 45 degrees; the internal driver is configured to rotate the terahertz-jihz in a direction intersecting the axis of the terahertz-Girsch lens geometry a light source, wherein the angle of rotation is equal to or less than 45 degrees; the internal driver is configured to rotate the terahertz-Girth source in a direction intersecting the axis of the terahertz-Girth source geometry, wherein the angle of rotation is equal to or less than 45 degrees; the external driver is Configuring to rotate terahertz-Girsch emission in a direction that intersects the axis of the terahertz-Girsch lens geometry The rotation angle is equal to or less than 45 degrees; and the external driver is configured to rotate the terahertz-Girditz transmitter in a direction crossing the axis of the terahertz-Girth source geometry, wherein the angle of rotation is equal to or less than 45 degrees. The terahertz-Girhetz illuminator as described in claim 8 of the patent application further comprises at least one of the following: The internal driver is configured to move the terahertz-Girsch lens along the geometric axis, wherein the distance between the terahertz-Girsch lens and the terahertz-Girth source is maintained at a radius equal to or less than the radius of the terahertz-Girsch lens; The driver is configured to move the terahertz-Girsch lens in a direction crossing the geometric axis, wherein the distance between the terahertz-Girsch lens and the terahertz-Girth source is maintained at or below the terahertz-Girsch lens Radius; the internal drive is configured to move the terahertz-Girth source along the geometric axis, where the distance between the terahertz-Girsch lens and the terahertz-Girth source is maintained at or below the terahertz-Girsch lens Radius; the internal driver is configured to move the terahertz-Girth source in a direction crossing the geometric axis, where the distance between the terahertz-Girsch lens and the terahertz-Girth source remains equal to or less than terahertz-ji The radius of the Hertz lens; the internal driver is configured to rotate terahertz-gihs in a direction that intersects the axis of the terahertz-Girsch lens geometry Where the angle of rotation is equal to or less than 45 degrees; the internal driver is configured to rotate the terahertz-Girsch lens in a direction intersecting the axis of the terahertz-Girth source geometry, wherein the angle of rotation is equal to or less than 45 degrees; the internal driver is configured To rotate a terahertz-Girth source in a direction intersecting the axis of the terahertz-Girsch lens geometry, wherein the angle of rotation is equal to or less than 45 degrees; the internal driver is configured to intersect along the axis of the terahertz-Girth source geometry Directional rotation of the terahertz-Girth source, where the angle of rotation is equal to or less than 45 degrees; the external driver is configured to rotate the terahertz-Girditz emitter in a direction intersecting the axis of the terahertz-Girsch lens geometry, wherein the angle of rotation is equal to or less than 45 degrees; and the external driver is configured to follow In the Hertz-Girsch source geometry, the direction of the axis crossing is rotated by a terahertz-Girditz emitter with a rotation angle equal to or less than 45 degrees. The terahertz-Gird illuminator of claim 9, further comprising at least one of: the internal driver configured to move the terahertz-Girsch lens along the geometric axis, where the terahertz-Girsch lens The distance from the terahertz-Girsch source is maintained at a radius equal to or less than the radius of the terahertz-Girsch lens; the internal driver is configured to move the terahertz-Girsch lens in a direction intersecting the geometric axis, where terahertz - The distance between the gigahertz lens and the terahertz-Girsch source is maintained at a radius equal to or less than the radius of the terahertz-Girsch lens; the internal driver is configured to move the terahertz-Girth source along the geometric axis, where terahertz-ji The distance between the Hertzian lens and the terahertz-Girsch source is maintained at a radius equal to or less than the radius of the terahertz-Girsch lens; the internal driver is configured to move the terahertz-Girth source along the direction intersecting the geometric axis, where The distance between the terahertz-Girsch lens and the terahertz-Girsch source is kept at or below the radius of the terahertz-Girsch lens; the internal driver is Along opposing to THz - gigahertz lens geometric center axis Rotating the terahertz-Girsch lens in the direction of the cross, wherein the angle of rotation is equal to or less than 45 degrees; the internal driver is configured to rotate the terahertz-Girsch lens in a direction intersecting the axis of the terahertz-Girth source geometry, wherein the angle of rotation Equal to or less than 45 degrees; the internal driver is configured to rotate the terahertz-Gird source in a direction that intersects the axis of the terahertz-Girsch lens geometry, wherein the angle of rotation is equal to or less than 45 degrees; the internal driver is configured to follow The terahertz-Girth source geometry crosses the terahertz-Girth source in the direction of the axis crossing, where the angle of rotation is equal to or less than 45 degrees; the external driver is configured to rotate the terahertz in a direction that intersects the axis of the terahertz-Girsch lens geometry a Girsch transmitter in which the angle of rotation is equal to or less than 45 degrees; and the external driver is configured to rotate the terahertz-Girditz transmitter in a direction intersecting the axis of the terahertz-Girth source geometry, wherein the angle of rotation is equal to or less than 45 degree. The terahertz-Gird illuminator of claim 1, further comprising at least one of the following: one or more lens elements of the terahertz-Girsch lens are coated with a retroreflective layer: and Hertz-Girsch lens with terahertz-Girsch source At least a portion of the inner surface of the zig-zirtz lens holder is coated with a retroreflective layer. The terahertz-Gird illuminator as described in claim 1 further comprises two or more terahertz-Girth emitters placed in a one-dimensional array, a two-dimensional array or a three-dimensional array. A terahertz-Gird illuminator as claimed in claim 14, comprising at least one of the following: the one-dimensional array is selected from one of the following: a straight line, a curved line or a squall line segment; and the two-dimensional array is selected from the group consisting of One: round, polygonal, planar surface, curved surface and undulating surface. A terahertz-Gird illuminator as claimed in claim 14, wherein each terahertz-Gird-offer transmitter is tuned to emit the same terahertz-gehz wave having the same angle of emission and the same pointing angle . The terahertz-Gird illuminator according to claim 14 further comprising at least one of the following: at least two terahertz-Girsch transmitters are dynamically adjusted to emit terahertz-Girsch waves Different emission angles: and at least two terahertz-Girsch transmitters are dynamically adjusted to have different pointing angles for the transmitted terahertz-Gird waves. A terahertz-Girsch illuminator as described in claim 14 of the patent scope, at least one terahertz-Girsch source in the terahertz-Girhitz emitter and terahertz-ji The geometric relationship between the Hertz lenses can be adjusted. The terahertz-Gird illuminator as described in claim 14 further includes one of the following: at least one terahertz-Girsch transmitter can be freely rotated; at least one terahertz-Girhitz transmitter can Freely moved; and at least two terahertz-Girsch transmitters can dynamically adjust any of the emission angle and the pointing angle of the transmitted terahertz-Girsch wave. The terahertz-Gird illuminator of claim 14, further comprising at least one of: the terahertz-Girsch transmitters are regularly distributed throughout the array; and the terahertz-Girsch transmitters, etc. The distance is distributed throughout the array.