TWI619644B - Unmanned aerial vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides an unmanned aerial vehicle. The unmanned aerial vehicle includes a flying vehicle, a fuel cell device, and a fuel generating device. The flying vehicle includes a fuselage, a plurality of air disturbance units, and a plurality of motors. The fuel cell device is used to perform a first chemical reaction to generate electricity to provide the flying vehicle. The fuel generating device is configured to perform at least one second chemical reaction to generate at least one fuel used by the fuel cell device to perform the first chemical reaction.

Description

UAV

The invention relates to an unmanned aerial vehicle, in particular an unmanned aerial vehicle using a fuel cell as a power source.

The current mainstream of UAVs is the use of lithium batteries or fuel cells. Compared with the two, fuel cells have higher energy conversion efficiency. In general, in order to reduce weight, fuel cells using hydrogen and oxygen as the main fuel only use hydrogen storage units. As for oxygen, oxygen in the air is used. However, the concentration of oxygen in the air decreases with height and there are too many other impurities, so the high efficiency advantages of the fuel cell cannot be effectively used. Furthermore, the hydrogen storage device also requires a higher technical threshold and cost.

In addition, due to the size limitation of the hydrogen storage unit and the lithium battery, both types of batteries have technical problems of insufficient battery life.

Therefore, solving the limitations of the above-mentioned batteries is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently.

Therefore, it is necessary to propose an unmanned aerial vehicle to solve the above technical problems.

In order to solve the problems of the conventional techniques described above, the object of the present invention is to An unmanned aerial vehicle is provided. The invention has the following advantages in setting a fuel generating device on an unmanned aerial vehicle: 1. Eliminating the safety concerns of the fuel storage device of the existing fuel cell; 2. Immediately generating electricity at the same time as the fuel is generated; 3. Without being limited by fuel The weight of the storage device can be loaded with more raw materials (such as sodium borohydride and hydrogen peroxide) for generating fuel (such as hydrogen and oxygen); 4. It is not affected by the ambient oxygen concentration and maintains stable power generation.

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides an unmanned aerial vehicle. The unmanned aerial vehicle includes a flying vehicle, a fuel cell device, and a fuel generating device.

The flying vehicle includes a fuselage, a plurality of air disturbance units, and a plurality of motors. The fuel cell device is used to perform a first chemical reaction to generate electricity to provide the flying vehicle. The fuel generating device is configured to perform at least one second chemical reaction to generate at least one fuel used by the fuel cell device to perform the first chemical reaction.

In a preferred embodiment, the unmanned aerial vehicle includes a battery device for supplying power to the flying vehicle and / or storing power generated by the fuel cell device.

In a preferred embodiment, the battery device is a lithium battery.

In a preferred embodiment, the fuel generating device includes at least one raw material input end, at least one reaction tank, at least one filter layer, and at least one fuel output end. The at least one raw material input terminal is used to input at least one raw material. The at least one reaction tank is used for reacting the at least one raw material to generate the at least one fuel. The at least one filtering layer is used for filtering the at least one fuel. The at least one fuel output end is used to deliver the at least one fuel to the fuel cell device.

In a preferred embodiment, the at least one raw material is hydrogen peroxide and sodium borohydride.

In a preferred embodiment, the at least one fuel is hydrogen and oxygen.

In a preferred embodiment, the first chemical reaction comprises: a first ^{_{sub-reaction: H 2 → 2OH - → H}} 2 O + 2e -; a second _{sub-reaction: ½O 2 + H 2 O +} 2e - → 2OH - .

In a preferred embodiment, the second chemical reaction includes: a third sub-reaction: 2H ₂ O ₂ O ₂ +2 H ₂ O ; the fourth reaction: NaBH ₄ + 2H ₂ O 4H ₂ + NaBO ₂ .

Compared with the conventional technology, the fuel generating device provided on the unmanned aerial vehicle of the present invention has the following advantages: 1. Eliminating the safety concerns of the fuel storage device of the existing fuel cell; 2. The power can be generated immediately when the fuel is generated; 3 Do not need to be limited by the weight of the fuel storage device, you can load more raw materials (such as sodium borohydride and hydrogen peroxide) used to generate fuel (such as hydrogen and oxygen); 4. Not affected by the ambient oxygen concentration, maintain stability Power generation.

100, 200‧‧‧ unmanned aerial vehicles

110‧‧‧ flight vehicle

111‧‧‧Airframe

112‧‧‧Air disturbance unit

113‧‧‧ Motor

120‧‧‧ hair fuel cell device

130‧‧‧ fuel generator

131‧‧‧ raw material input

132‧‧‧ reaction tank

133‧‧‧Filter layer

134‧‧‧ fuel output

135‧‧‧ raw materials

136‧‧‧ fuel

137‧‧‧hydrogen peroxide

138‧‧‧Manganese dioxide

139‧‧‧Sodium borohydride

140‧‧‧ catalyst

1111‧‧‧Tripod

Figure 1 shows a block diagram of an unmanned aerial vehicle according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 shows a detailed front view of the fuel generating device of Figure 1; Figure 3 shows the fuel generation of Figure 1 Detailed side view of the device. FIG. 4 shows a block diagram of an unmanned aerial vehicle according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 5 shows a schematic diagram of an unmanned aerial vehicle according to FIG. 4; and FIG. Figure 4 explodes the unmanned aerial vehicle.

The following descriptions of the embodiments are with reference to the drawings, which are used to describe specific embodiments in which the present invention can be implemented. The directional terms mentioned in the present invention, such as "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "inside", "outside", "side", etc., are for reference only Schematic direction. Therefore, the directional terms used are for explaining and understanding the present invention, but not for limiting the present invention.

Referring to Figs. 1 to 3, Fig. 1 shows a block diagram of an unmanned aerial vehicle 100 according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 2 shows a detailed front view of the fuel generating device 130 of Fig. 1; FIG. 3 is a detailed side view of the fuel generating device 130 in FIG. 1. The unmanned aerial vehicle 100 includes a flying vehicle 110, a fuel cell device 120 and a fuel generating device 130.

The flying vehicle 110 includes a fuselage 111, a plurality of air disturbance units 112, a plurality of motors 113, and a plurality of tripods 1111. The fuel cell device 120 is configured to perform a first chemical reaction to generate electricity to provide the flying vehicle 110. The fuel generating device 130 is configured to perform at least one second chemical reaction to generate at least one fuel 136 required for the fuel cell device 120 to perform the first chemical reaction. The plurality of tripods 1111 are used for parking the flying vehicle 110 on the ground.

In detail, the first chemical reaction is a reaction that converts chemical energy into electrical energy. The fuel used in this preferred embodiment is hydrogen and oxygen. The operating principle of the hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell is described below. The hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell contains two electrodes, yin and yang, which are filled with electrolyte, respectively, and the two electrodes have penetration Consisting of thin films. Hydrogen gas into the fuel cell anode (a first sub-reaction), oxygen (or air) enters by a cathode (a second sub-reaction) of the fuel cell, the whole work of reaction formula as follows: ^{_{Anode: H 2 → 2OH - → H}} 2 O + 2e ^-

_{Cathode: ½O 2 + H 2 O +} 2e - → 2OH -

Full ^{_{reaction: ½O 2 + 2H + + 2e}} - → 2H 2 O

Through the action of the catalyst, the hydrogen atoms of the anode are decomposed into two hydrogen protons and two electrons, wherein the protons are "attracted" by the oxygen to the other side of the film, and the electrons form an electric current through an external circuit, and then reach the cathode to form a complete process. As long as the fuel is continuously supplied, the fuel cell will continuously produce electricity, and water is the only emission from the fuel cell. The characteristic of the hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell is that the reaction can be performed only at normal temperature and pressure. In detail, the first chemical reaction is the above-mentioned first sub-reaction and the second sub-reaction, and the full reaction is the addition of the anode reaction and the cathode reaction.

The fuel generating device 130 includes at least one raw material input end 131, at least one reaction tank 132, at least one filter layer 133, and at least one fuel output end 134. The at least one raw material input terminal 131 is used to input at least one raw material 135. Preferably, in the present preferred embodiment, the at least one raw material 135 is hydrogen peroxide (oxygen) and sodium borohydride (hydrogen). The at least one reaction tank 132 is used for reacting the at least one raw material 135 to generate the at least one fuel 136. As mentioned above, the fuel 136 in the preferred embodiment is hydrogen and oxygen. The at least one filtering layer 133 is configured to filter the at least one fuel 136. In detail, the filter layer 133 includes filter paper, silicon rubber, and the like. And sponge. The at least one fuel output end 134 is configured to deliver the at least one fuel 136 to the fuel cell device 120. In detail, the at least one second chemical reaction performed in the at least one reaction tank 132 is two chemical reactions that generate hydrogen and oxygen. Manganese dioxide 138 is added to hydrogen peroxide (hydrogen peroxide) 137 as a catalyst to generate oxygen (third sub-reaction); an appropriate catalyst 140 is added to the sodium borohydride 139 hydrolysis reaction to generate hydrogen (fourth sub-reaction).

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The feature of the present invention is that the fuel generating device 130 can directly supply the generated fuel (hydrogen and / or oxygen) to the fuel cell device 120, so there is no need to provide a separate fuel storage device (such as a high-pressure steel bottle, etc.) At the same time, because of the safety consideration of fuel storage devices such as high-pressure cylinders, a considerable amount of weight is in the cylinder itself, not the fuel; without the need for a fuel storage device, excess load capacity can be used for storage RAW135.

Furthermore, in the preferred embodiment, oxygen is also pure oxygen with a high concentration (theoretical value is 100%) generated by self-reaction. Compared with the prior art fuel cell using atmospheric oxygen, the present invention has higher Power generation efficiency.

In FIG. 2, the left and right sides are respectively two raw material input terminals 131 for generating hydrogen and oxygen, two reaction tanks 132, and two filter layers 133. In FIG. 3, the input end 131, the reaction tank 132, The portions of the filter layer 133 and the fuel output end 134 are described as examples.

In detail, the plurality of airflow disturbance units 112 are paddles, and can generate airflow in any direction according to the plurality of motors 113 to drive the unmanned aerial vehicle 100 to move.

In the present preferred embodiment, the fuel 136 (hydrogen and oxygen) generated by the fuel generating device 130 is directly supplied to the fuel cell device 120 for power generation, so it can be not limited to the prior art fuel storage device. Therefore, the raw material 135 for generating the fuel 136 can be carried to the maximum, which effectively increases the endurance time of the unmanned aerial vehicle.

Refer to Figures 4 to 6. FIG. 4 shows a block diagram of an unmanned aerial vehicle 200 according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 5 shows a schematic diagram of the unmanned aerial vehicle 200 according to FIG. 4; and FIG. 6 shows a Explosion diagram of unmanned aerial vehicle 200. The difference between this preferred embodiment and the first preferred embodiment is that a battery device 140 is added to the preferred embodiment for supplying power to the flying vehicle 110 and / or storing power generated by the fuel cell device 120. The battery device 140 provides greater flexibility in the power usage of the UAV 100 because the power consumed by the UAV 100 will not remain fixed. When the fuel cell device 120 generates excessive power, the excess power can be used. First stored in the battery device 140, when the electric power required by the unmanned aerial vehicle 100 suddenly increases or the fuel is consumed, the electric power stored in the battery device 140 is used to provide the unmanned aerial vehicle 100 for operation.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that Those skilled in the art can make several improvements and retouches without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and retouches should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

An unmanned aerial vehicle includes: a flying vehicle including a fuselage, a plurality of air disturbance units, and a plurality of motors; a fuel cell device for performing a first chemical reaction to generate electricity to provide the flying vehicle; and a fuel The generating device is configured to perform at least one second chemical reaction to generate at least one fuel used for supplying the fuel cell device with the first chemical reaction; wherein the fuel cell device directly uses the at least one fuel to generate electricity. The unmanned aerial vehicle according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, further comprising a battery device for supplying power to the flying vehicle and / or storing power generated by the fuel cell device. The unmanned aerial vehicle according to item 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein the battery device is a lithium battery. The unmanned aerial vehicle according to item 1 of the patent application scope, wherein the fuel generating device includes: at least one raw material input terminal for inputting at least one raw material; at least one reaction tank for allowing the at least one raw material to react to generate the A fuel; at least one filter layer for filtering the at least one fuel; and at least one fuel output end for delivering the at least one fuel to the fuel cell device. The unmanned aerial vehicle according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the at least one raw material is hydrogen peroxide and sodium borohydride. The unmanned aerial vehicle according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the at least one fuel is hydrogen and oxygen. The UAV applications patentable scope item 1, wherein the first chemical reaction comprises: a first ^{_{sub-reaction: H 2 → 2OH - → H}} 2 O + 2e - a second sub-reaction: ½O ₂ + H ₂ O + 2e ^- → 2OH ^-. The unmanned aerial vehicle according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the second chemical reaction includes: a third sub-reaction: Fourth child response: