TWI616245B - Extrusion device and method for manufacturing variable curvature extrusion - Google Patents

Abstract

An extruding device for manufacturing a variable-curvature extruded part includes: an ingot holder for holding an ingot; and an extrusion plunger for extending into the ingot holder and along a first axis Extruding the extruded ingot; a fixed mold including an opening communicating with the ingot barrel; and a double acting mold including a through hole and a first module, the through hole communicating with the opening, when An outlet die cavity is defined between the first module and the through hole, and the first module moves along the first axis to a first displacement outside the outlet die cavity, then the squeeze plunger causes the squeeze ingot A first extruded part is formed by flowing out of the exit cavity, and the first extruded part and a portion of the first module protruding outside the exit cavity have a first frictional force, thereby making the first extruded part An extruded part is bent in the direction of a first curve.

Description

Extrusion device and method for manufacturing variable curvature extrusion

The invention relates to an extrusion device and an extrusion method, in particular to an extrusion device and an extrusion method for manufacturing a variable curvature extrusion, which can bend an extrusion to a curved direction.

Extrusion refers to forming materials through extrusion. The principle is that the extruded material / extrusion is moderately heated and pressurized, and extruded into the mold at the same speed to make products of the desired shape, size and physical properties. Suitable for processing of easily shaped metal and plastic products. Squeezing is closely related to human life, from food utensils and electronics to the automotive industry and construction.

However, the bars, profiles, pipes, etc. produced by general extrusion equipment can only be extruded linearly according to the extrusion direction. To meet the different purposes of various types of arc-shaped extrusion profiles in various industrial fields, Secondary forming such as stamping and bending. For example, when manufacturing curved extruded profiles during extrusion, traditionally, a single profile is bent by roll bending or bending, and the production efficiency during manufacturing depends on the extrusion speed used during extrusion, but The increase in extrusion pressure required is relatively high, and at the same time is limited by the extrusion capacity of the extrusion device.

In view of this, it is necessary to provide an extrusion device and an extrusion method for manufacturing a variable curvature extrusion part to solve the aforementioned problems.

The main purpose of the present invention is to provide an extrusion device for manufacturing a variable curvature extrusion, which can make an extrusion bend in a curved direction.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an extrusion device for manufacturing a variable-curvature extruded part, which includes: an ingot holder for holding an extruder; and an extrusion plunger for extending into the holder. Ingot bucket, and a Extruding an ingot for extrusion; a fixed mold including an opening communicating with the ingot barrel; and a double-acting mold connected to the fixed mold and including a through hole and a first module, the through hole Connected to the opening, the first module is located in the through hole, and the first module is selectively moved linearly or not with respect to the fixed mold, wherein: when an outlet die is defined between the first module and the through hole Cavity, and the first module moves along the first axis to a first displacement outside the exit die cavity, the extrusion plunger causes the extruded ingot to flow out of the exit die cavity to form a first extrusion There is a first friction between the first extruded part and the part of the first module protruding outside the exit cavity, so that the first extruded part is bent in a direction of a first curve, and the first The curve direction refers to a direction bent around a positive direction of a second axial direction X, and the positive direction of the second axial direction X is perpendicular to the axial direction.

The extrusion device for manufacturing a variable curvature extrusion part of the present invention has the following advantages: First, breakthrough mold and process development, changing the inherent mode of traditional extrusion line bending process that requires bending through complex external mechanisms.

2. When the plastic zone of the high-temperature material is bent and formed, the stress residue and elastic rebound deformation caused by mechanical bending can be avoided. 3. The mechanism of fixed mold and double-acting mold is simplified, which saves mold manufacturing cost. Fourth, reduce the overall cost of extrusion equipment and time, improve industrial efficiency and profit.

In order to make the above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious, the following description will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1‧‧‧ Extrusion device

1’‧‧‧ extrusion device

1a‧‧‧ Extrusion device

1b‧‧‧ Extrusion device

11‧‧‧Ingot barrel

12‧‧‧ squeeze plunger

13‧‧‧Fixed mold

131‧‧‧ opening

132‧‧‧first guide slot

133‧‧‧Second guide groove

14‧‧‧Double acting mould

140‧‧‧ push wedge

141‧‧‧The first module

141’‧‧‧The first module

142‧‧‧Second Module

142’‧‧‧ The second module

143‧‧‧Third module

143’‧‧‧ The third module

144‧‧‧Fourth Module

144‧‧‧Fourth Module

145‧‧‧through hole

150‧‧‧Exit mold cavity

150’‧‧‧Exit mold cavity

151‧‧‧The first exit mold cavity

152‧‧‧Second exit mold cavity

16‧‧‧ through mandrel

9‧‧‧ Extruded

90‧‧‧Three-dimensional bar extrusions

90’‧‧‧Three-dimensional bar extrusions

90a‧‧‧Three-dimensional pipe extrusion

90b‧‧‧Three-dimensional pipe extrusion

91‧‧‧The first extrusion

92‧‧‧Second Extrusion

A‧‧‧first axis

C1‧‧‧ the first curve direction

C2‧‧‧ second curve direction

C3‧‧‧ third curve direction

C4‧‧‧ Fourth curve direction

D1‧‧‧First displacement

D2‧‧‧Second displacement

P‧‧‧ scheduled axial

X‧‧‧ second axis

Y‧‧‧Third axis

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an extrusion device for manufacturing a variable curvature extruded part according to the first embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a extrusion for a variable curvature extruded part according to the first embodiment of the present invention Figure 3 is a partial perspective schematic view of the device; Figure 3 is a first embodiment of the present invention for manufacturing a variable curvature extrusion A schematic cross-sectional view of an extrusion device, which shows that the first extrusion part is bent in a direction of a first curve; FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an extrusion device for manufacturing a variable curvature extrusion part according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It shows that the second extruded part is bent in a direction of a second curve; FIG. 5 is a schematic front view of an extrusion device for manufacturing a variable curvature extruded part according to the first embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 6 is a first implementation of the present invention Example is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a three-dimensional bar extruded part with a square cross-section; FIG. 7 is a schematic front view of an extrusion device for manufacturing a variable curvature extruded part according to another embodiment of the present invention; A three-dimensional schematic view of a three-dimensional bar extruded part with a circular cross-section according to another embodiment; FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an extruding device for manufacturing a variable-curvature extruded part according to the first embodiment of the present invention. It also includes a through mandrel; Figure 10a is a three-dimensional schematic view of a three-dimensional pipe extrusion with a square cross-section according to the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10b is a three-dimensional pipe extrusion with a circular cross-section according to the first embodiment of the present invention Three-dimensional display of the shape Fig. 11a is a schematic front view of an extrusion device for manufacturing a variable curvature extrusion part according to the second embodiment of the present invention; and Fig. 11b is a third embodiment of the present invention for manufacturing a variable curvature extrusion part. A schematic view of the front view of a piece of extrusion equipment.

Please refer to FIG. 1 to FIG. 5, which show an extrusion device 1 for manufacturing a variable curvature extrusion part according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The extrusion device 1 includes an ingot holder 11, an extrusion plunger 12, a fixed mold 13 and a double-action mold 14. The ingot bucket 11 is used for containing an extruded ingot 9. The material of the extruded ingot 9 may be a metal material such as iron, aluminum, magnesium, titanium, or the like. The extrusion plunger 12 is used to extend into the ingot holding barrel 11 and extrude the extrusion ingot 9 along a first axis A. The fixed mold 13 includes an opening 131, and the opening 131 communicates with the ingot bucket 11. The double-action mold 14 is connected to the fixed mold 13 and includes a through hole 145 and the first to fourth modules 141 to 144. The through hole 145 communicates with the opening 131. The first to fourth modules 141 to 144 are all located in the through hole 145, the edges of adjacent modules are adjacent to each other, and the first to fourth modules 141 to 144 are arranged symmetrically in a ring shape. The first to fourth modules 141 to 144 can be selectively moved linearly or not relative to the fixed mold 13. For example, the fixed mold 13 has a plurality of first guide grooves 132. The first to fourth modules 141 to 141 144 can be moved linearly or not along the plurality of first guide grooves 132 of the fixed mold 13. The double-action mold 14 further includes at least one pushing wedge 140 for controlling the first to fourth modules 141 to 144 to move forward and backward along the first axis A. For example, the fixed mold 13 has a plurality of second guide grooves 133, and the at least one pushing wedge 140 is a first to a fourth wedge, and the plurality of second guide grooves 133 (i.e., Move along the third axis (positive or negative direction Y), and the inclined surfaces of the first to fourth wedges can contact the inclined surfaces of the first to fourth modules 141 to 144 to move, respectively.

The material of the fixed extrusion die 13 and the double-acting die 14 can be die steel, carbon steel, stainless steel, or other metal materials and non-metal materials. The above-mentioned die steel refers to cold die and hot forging die. Or die casting steel. The fixed mold 13 and the double-acting mold 14 can be considered as one body.

Please refer to FIG. 3 and FIG. 5. According to the first bending mode of the present invention, when the first to fourth modules 141 to 144 and the through hole 145 define an exit cavity 150 (that is, the exit cavity 150) The cross-sectional area is the cross-sectional area of the through hole 145 minus the cross-sectional areas of the first to fourth modules 141 to 144), and the first module 141 moves along the first axis A to one of the exit cavity 150 During the first displacement D1, the extrusion plunger 12 causes the extrusion ingot 9 to flow out of the exit cavity 150 to form a first extrusion 91, and the first extrusion 91 and the first module 141 protrude from There is a first friction force F1 between the part outside the exit cavity 150, so that the first extruded part 91 is bent toward a first curved direction C1, the first curved direction C1 refers to a second axis A direction bent toward the positive direction of X, and the positive direction of the second axial direction X is perpendicular to the first axial direction A. When the first displacement D1 is larger, the first extrusion 91 is bent more toward the first curve direction C1 (that is, the curvature is greater).

Please refer to FIG. 4 and FIG. 5. According to the second bending mode of the present invention, when the exit cavity 150 is defined between the first to fourth modules 141 to 144 and the through hole 145, and the second module 142 follows When the first axis A moves to a second displacement D2 outside the exit cavity 150, the extrusion plunger 12 causes the extrusion ingot 9 to flow out of the exit cavity 150 to form a second extrusion 92 There is a second frictional force F2 between the second extrusion part 92 and the part of the second module 142 protruding outside the exit cavity 150, so that the second extrusion part 92 faces a second curve direction. C2 is curved, and the second curved direction C2 refers to a direction bent around the negative direction of the second axial direction X.

Please refer to FIG. 5 and FIG. 1 again. Similarly, according to the third bending mode of the present invention, when the exit cavity 150 is defined between the first to fourth modules 141 to 144 and the through hole 145, and the first When the three modules 143 move along the first axis A to a third displacement (not shown) outside the exit cavity 150, the extrusion plunger 12 causes the extrusion ingot 9 to flow out of the exit cavity 150. A third extruded part (not shown) is formed. The third extruded part and a portion of the third module 143 protruding from the exit cavity 150 have a third frictional force, thereby making the Third squeeze The profile is curved toward a third curved direction C3, which refers to a direction bent about a positive direction of a third axial direction Y, and the positive direction of the third axial direction Y is perpendicular to the axial direction and the first Two axial X. Furthermore, according to the fourth bending mode of the present invention, when the exit cavity 150 is defined between the first to fourth modules 141 to 144 and the through hole 145, and the fourth module 144 is along the first axis When A moves to a fourth displacement (not shown) outside the exit cavity 150, the extrusion plunger 12 causes the extrusion ingot 9 to flow out of the exit cavity 150 to form a fourth extrusion ( (Not shown), there is a fourth friction between the fourth extruded part and the portion of the fourth module 144 protruding outside the exit cavity 150, so that the fourth extruded part faces a fourth curve The direction C4 is curved, and the fourth curved direction C4 is a direction curved around the negative direction of the third axial direction Y.

In addition, please refer to FIG. 5 and FIG. 1 again. According to the fifth bending mode of the present invention, when the exit cavity 150 is defined between the first to fourth modules 141 to 144 and the through hole 145, and the first And the third modules 141 and 143 move along the first axis A to the first and third displacements (not shown) outside the exit cavity 150, respectively, the squeeze plunger 12 causes the squeeze ingot 9 to move from The exit cavity flows out to form a fifth extruded part (not shown). The fifth extruded part and the first and third module modules 141 and 143 protrude out of the exit cavity 150. There are the first and third frictional forces therebetween, thereby bending the fifth extrusion toward a fifth curved direction C5, which refers to a direction bent about a positive direction of a predetermined axial direction P, The predetermined axial direction is located between the positive direction of the second axial direction X and the positive direction of the third axial direction Y.

In the present invention, during the extrusion process, when the extruded part will leave the exit cavity, the displacement of at least one module of the double-acting die increases the uniaxial surface or the outer multiaxial surface of the extruded part to form tensile stress, so that The reduction of the axial flow velocity achieves the purpose of bending deformation of the extruded part.

Please refer to FIGS. 5 and 6. In this embodiment, when the first to fourth modules 141 to 144 have a square cross-section, and the first to fourth modules 141 to 144 and the through hole 145 define the When exiting the cavity 150, the exit cavity 150 It is a square section. According to the design of the first to fifth bending modes of the present invention, a three-dimensional bar extruded part 90 having a square cross section can be obtained. Please refer to FIG. 7 and FIG. 8. In another embodiment, when the first to fourth modules 141 ′ to 144 ′ are arc-shaped cross-sections, and the first to fourth modules 141 ′ to 144 ′ and the continuous When the exit cavity 150 'is defined between the holes 145, the exit cavity 150' has a circular cross section. According to the design of the first to fifth bending modes of the present invention, a three-dimensional bar extrusion 90 'having a circular cross section can be obtained.

Please refer to FIG. 9, FIG. 10 a and FIG. 10 b, the extrusion device 1 for manufacturing a variable curvature extrusion part according to the present invention further includes a through-mandrel 16 that extends into the exit cavity 150. According to the design of the first to fifth bending modes of the present invention, three-dimensional pipe extrusions 90a, 90b having a hollow square cross-section or a hollow circular cross-section can be obtained. In addition to the above-mentioned hollow shape formed by the through-mandrel 16 extending into the exit cavity 150, the three-dimensional pipe extrusions 90a, 90b having a hollow square cross-section or a hollow circular cross-section (Figures 10a and 10a) (Shown in Fig. 10b) are substantially similar to three-dimensional bar extrusions 90, 90 '(see Figs. 6 and 8) having a square or circular cross section.

Please refer to FIG. 11a, which shows a second embodiment of an extrusion device 1a for manufacturing a variable curvature extrusion. The extrusion device 1a for manufacturing a variable curvature extrusion part of the second embodiment is substantially similar to the extrusion device 1 for manufacturing a variable curvature extrusion part of the first embodiment, and the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals. The difference between the extrusion devices 1a and 1 of the second and first embodiments is that the extrusion device 1a of the second embodiment may include only the first module 141. When a first exit cavity 151 is defined between the first module 141 and the through hole 145 (that is, the cross-sectional area of the first exit cavity 151 is the cross-sectional area of the through hole 145 minus the first module 141 Cross-sectional area), and when the first module 141 moves along the first axis A to a first displacement D1 outside the first exit cavity 151, the squeeze plunger 12 causes the squeeze ingot 9 to move from the first An exit die cavity 151 flows out to form a first extrusion part 91. The first extrusion part 91 and a portion of the first module 141 protruding outside the first exit cavity 151 have a first frictional force. F1, borrow This bends the extruded member 91 toward a first curved direction C1. The first curved direction C1 refers to a direction bent about a positive direction of a second axial direction X, and the positive direction of the second axial direction X is perpendicular to the positive direction. First axis A. When the first displacement D1 is larger, the first extrusion is bent more toward the first curved direction C1 (similar to that shown in FIG. 3).

An extrusion method for manufacturing a variable curvature extruded part according to a second embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps: extruding an extruded ingot along a first axis; and when the first An exit cavity is defined between a module and a through hole of the double-acting die, and the first module moves along the first axis to a first displacement outside the exit cavity, so that the extruded ingot is removed from the exit cavity. The exit cavity flows out to form a first extrusion. The first extrusion and the portion of the first module protruding outside the exit cavity have a first friction force, thereby making the first extrusion The profile is bent toward a first curved direction, the first curved direction refers to a direction bent about a positive direction of a second axial direction X, and the positive direction of the second axial direction X is perpendicular to the first axial direction A.

Please refer to FIG. 11b, which shows a third embodiment of an extrusion device 1b for manufacturing a variable curvature extrusion. The extruding device 1b of the third embodiment for manufacturing a variable curvature extruded part is substantially similar to the extruding device 1 of the first embodiment for manufacturing a variable curvature extruded part, and the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals. The difference between the extrusion devices 1b and 1 of the third and first embodiments is that the extrusion device 1a of the third embodiment may include only the first and second modules 141 and 142. When a second exit cavity 152 is defined between the first and second modules 141, 142 and the through hole 145 (that is, the cross-sectional area of the second exit cavity 152 is the cross-sectional area of the through hole 145 minus the The cross-sectional area of the first and second modules 141, 142), and the second module 142 moves along the first axis A to a second displacement D2 outside the second exit cavity 152, the extrusion column The plug 12 causes the extruded ingot 9 to flow out from the second outlet die cavity 152 to form a second extrusion member 92. The second extrusion member 92 and the second module 142 protrude from the second outlet die cavity 152. There is a second frictional force F2 between the parts, so that the extrusion 91 Bending toward a second curved direction C2, the second curved direction C2 refers to a direction bent around the negative direction of the second axial direction X (similar to that shown in FIG. 4).

The extrusion device for manufacturing a variable curvature extrusion part of the present invention has the following advantages: First, breakthrough mold and process development, changing the inherent mode of traditional extrusion line bending process that requires bending through complex external mechanisms. 2. When the plastic zone of the high-temperature material is bent and formed, the stress residue and elastic rebound deformation caused by mechanical bending can be avoided. 3. The mechanism of fixed mold and double-acting mold is simplified, which saves mold manufacturing cost. Fourth, reduce the overall cost of extrusion equipment and time, improve industrial efficiency and profit.

In summary, it only describes the implementation or examples of the technical means adopted by the present invention to solve the problem, and is not intended to limit the scope of patent implementation of the present invention. That is, all changes and modifications that are consistent with the meaning of the scope of patent application of the present invention, or made according to the scope of patent of the present invention, are covered by the scope of patent of the present invention.

1‧‧‧ Extrusion device

11‧‧‧Ingot barrel

12‧‧‧ squeeze plunger

13‧‧‧Fixed mold

140‧‧‧ push wedge

141‧‧‧The first module

145‧‧‧through hole

150‧‧‧Exit mold cavity

9‧‧‧ Extruded

91‧‧‧The first extrusion

A‧‧‧Axial

C1‧‧‧ the first curve direction

D1‧‧‧First displacement

Y‧‧‧ axial

F1‧‧‧First friction

Claims (9)

An extruding device for manufacturing a variable-curvature extruded part includes: an ingot holder for containing an extruded ingot; an extrusion plunger for extending into the ingot holder and along a first The extruded ingot is extruded axially; a fixed die includes an opening that communicates with the ingot barrel; and a double-acting die connected to the fixed die and includes a through hole and a first module , The through-hole communicates with the opening, the first module is located in the through-hole, and the first module is selectively moved linearly or not with respect to the fixed mold, wherein: when the first module is between the through-hole and the through-hole An outlet cavity is defined, and the first module moves along the first axis to a first displacement outside the outlet cavity, then the extrusion plunger causes the extruded ingot to flow out of the outlet cavity to form a first cavity. An extruded part, the first extruded part and a portion of the first module protruding outside the exit cavity have a first frictional force, so that the first extruded part is bent in a first curved direction The first curve direction refers to a direction bent around the positive direction of a second axis, and the second The positive direction perpendicular to the first axis. As described in item 1 of the scope of the patent application, the extrusion device for manufacturing a variable curvature extrusion part, wherein the double-action mold further includes: a second module, which is also located in the through hole, and the second module is opposite to The fixed mold is selectively moved linearly or not, wherein when the exit cavity is defined between the first and second modules and the through hole, and the second module moves to the first axis along the first axis When a second displacement outside the exit cavity occurs, the extrusion plunger causes the extruded ingot to flow out of the exit cavity to form a second extrusion, and the second extrusion and the second module protrude from the extrusion cavity. There is a second frictional force between the parts outside the exit cavity, so that the second extrusion is bent toward a second curved direction, The second curved direction refers to a direction bent around the negative direction of the second axial direction. As described in item 2 of the scope of the patent application, the extrusion device for manufacturing a variable curvature extrusion part, wherein the double-acting mold further includes: a third and a fourth module, which are also located in the through hole, and the third And the fourth module selectively moves linearly or not relative to the fixed mold, wherein: when the exit cavity is defined between the first to fourth modules and the through hole, and the third module is along the first mold When moving axially to a third displacement outside the exit die cavity, the squeeze plunger causes the extruded ingot to flow out of the exit die cavity to form a third extrusion part, and the third extrusion part and the The third module has a third frictional force between the portion protruding outside the exit cavity, so that the third extruded part is bent in a third curved direction, which refers to a third axis A direction in which the positive direction is bent, and the positive direction of the third axis is perpendicular to the first and second axes; and when the exit is defined between the first to fourth modules and the through hole Cavity, and when the fourth module moves along the first axis to a fourth displacement outside the exit cavity, the Extruding the plunger causes the extruded ingot to flow out of the exit cavity to form a fourth extruded part, and a fourth extruded part and a portion of the fourth module protruding outside the exit cavity have a first extruded part. Four frictional forces, thereby causing the fourth extruded part to bend in a fourth curved direction, the fourth curved direction refers to a direction bent about a negative direction of the third axial direction. As described in item 3 of the scope of patent application, an extrusion device for manufacturing a variable-curvature extruded part, wherein: when the exit cavity is defined between the first to fourth modules and the through hole, and the first When the third and third modules move along the first axis to the first and third displacements outside the exit cavity, respectively, the extrusion plunger causes the extrusion ingot to flow out of the exit cavity to form a fifth extrusion. Profile, the fifth extrusion and the The first and third modules have the first and third friction forces between the parts protruding outside the exit cavity, thereby bending the fifth extrusion toward a fifth curve, the fifth curve The direction refers to a direction bent around a positive direction of a predetermined axial direction, the predetermined axial direction being located between the positive direction of the second axial direction and the positive direction of the third axial direction. The extrusion device for manufacturing a variable curvature extrusion part as described in the third item of the patent application scope, wherein the first to fourth modules have a square or arc-shaped cross section. The extrusion device for manufacturing a variable curvature extrusion part as described in item 3 of the scope of patent application, wherein the first to fourth modules are arranged symmetrically in a ring shape. As described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, the extrusion device for manufacturing a variable curvature extrusion, wherein as the first displacement is larger, the first extrusion is bent more toward the first curve direction. As described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, the extrusion device for manufacturing a variable curvature extrusion part, wherein the double-acting mold further includes: at least one pushing wedge for controlling the first module along the first axis Move back and forth. As described in item 1 of the scope of the patent application, the extrusion device for manufacturing a variable curvature extrusion part further includes: a mandrel penetrating into the exit cavity.