TWI610010B - Foundation pile - Google Patents

Abstract

A foundation pile includes: at least one pile body and a pile seat. The pile body includes a hollow pillar. The pile base includes a ring wall supporting the column, the ring wall has a top surface supporting the column, a bottom surface opposite to the top surface, and an outer ring surface surrounding the top surface and the periphery of the bottom surface. And an inner torus spaced from the outer torus, the inner torus surrounds along the central axis to define a through hole penetrating the top and bottom faces, and the diameter of the outer torus is greater than the diameter of the pile body . The diameter of the outer ring surface of the pile base is larger than the diameter of the pillar of the pile body to increase the supporting area at the bottom of the foundation pile, and further improve the pile end supporting force of the foundation pile. In the case where the same supporting force at the end of the pile is generated, the foundation pile can use a pile body with a smaller cross-sectional area, so the cost can be effectively reduced.

Description

Foundation pile

The invention relates to a construction engineering material, in particular to a foundation pile.

When constructing large or high-rise buildings, when encountering insufficient stratum strength or soft soil layer, it is often necessary to apply foundation piles driven into the ground to transfer the load of the upper building to the soil bearing layer or a harder site to increase the building. Safety and stability of physical structures. Among them, pre-stressed concrete piles (PC piles) and pre-stressed high strength concrete piles (PHC piles) are more common.

Referring to FIG. 1, when a foundation pile 1 such as a PC pile or a PHC pile is implanted into the pile hole 100 to a design depth, the cement mortar 101 in the pile hole 100 will gradually dry and generate a pile end supporting force P acting on the foundation pile 1. . The pile end support force P = ρ * π / 4 * (D) ² , where ρ represents the allowable bearing capacity of the soil at the pile end, and D represents the outermost diameter of the section of the foundation pile 1.

Due to the existing prestressed concrete piles and prestressed high-strength concrete piles, the strength of the concrete materials used is very high. Only the cross-sectional area of the foundation pile 1 itself is used to transmit pressure, and the prestressed concrete piles and prestressed high-strength concrete cannot be exerted. The total strength of the pile is a waste of relative formation strength, and it also leads to excessive costs.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a foundation pile capable of improving the supporting force at the pile end and reducing the cost.

Therefore, the foundation pile of the present invention includes at least one pile body and a pile base for supporting the pile body.

The pile body includes a hollow column surrounding a central axis defining a perforation.

The pile base includes a ring wall supporting the column, the ring wall has a top surface supporting the column, a bottom surface opposite to the top surface, and an outer ring surface surrounding the top surface and the periphery of the bottom surface. And an inner torus spaced from the outer torus, the inner torus surrounds the central axis to define a through-hole that passes through the top and bottom surfaces and communicates with the perforation, and the diameter of the outer torus Larger than the diameter of the pillar of the pile.

Another object of the present invention is still to provide a foundation pile capable of improving pile-end support and reducing cost.

Therefore, the foundation pile of the present invention includes at least one pile body and a pile seat connected to one end of the pile body.

The pile body includes a hollow column body surrounding a central axis defining a perforation, and two cover plates respectively disposed at opposite ends of the column body, and each of the cover plates has an opening communicating with the perforation.

The pile base includes a ring wall surrounding the central axis, and a connecting member disposed on the ring wall and connected to the cover plate of the pile body. The ring wall has a top surface facing the column body and an opposite side. On the bottom surface of the top surface, an outer ring surface surrounding the top surface and the periphery of the bottom surface, and an inner ring surface spaced from the outer ring surface, the inner ring surface surrounds the central surface to define a penetration through the top surface A through hole with the bottom surface, and a diameter of the outer annulus is larger than a diameter of the pillar of the pile body, and the connecting member is disposed on the top surface and has a communication between the through hole and the opening Through-hole.

The beneficial effect of the present invention is that the diameter of the outer ring surface of the ring wall of the pile base is larger than the diameter of the pillar body of the pile body, so as to increase the bearing area at the bottom of the foundation pile, and further improve the pile end support force of the foundation pile. . In the case where the same supporting force at the end of the pile is generated, the foundation pile can use a pile body with a smaller cross-sectional area, so the cost can be effectively reduced.

The foregoing and other technical contents, features, and effects of the present invention will be clearly presented in the following detailed description of preferred embodiments with reference to the drawings.

Before the present invention is described in detail, it should be noted that in the following description, similar elements are represented by the same numbers.

Referring to FIG. 2, a first preferred embodiment of a foundation pile 2 of the present invention includes a concrete pile body 3 and a pile base 4 made of concrete and located below the pile body 3. The pile body 3 includes a hollow pillar 31 surrounding a central axis L to define a perforation 311.

The pile base 4 includes a ring wall 41 for supporting the pillar 31. The ring wall 41 has a top surface 411 for supporting the pillar 31, a bottom surface 412 opposite to the top surface 411, and a ring surrounding the top surface. An outer ring surface 413 surrounding the periphery of the bottom surface 412 and an inner ring surface 414 spaced from the outer ring surface 413. The inner ring surface 414 surrounds the central surface L and defines a penetrating surface 411 and the bottom surface 412 and a through hole 415 communicating with the through hole 311.

The diameter D2 of the outer ring surface 413 of the pile base 4 is larger than the diameter D1 of the outer edge of the pillar 31 of the pile body 3, and the shortest straight between the top surface 411 and the bottom surface 412 The line distance H2 is less than the length H1 of the pillar 31 of the pile body 3, and is between 10 times the radius R of the outer ring surface 413 and the diameter D2 of the outer ring surface 413, that is, R ≦ H2 ≦ 10D2.

In the preferred embodiment, the diameter D1 of the pillar 31 of the pile body 3 is 600 mm, and the length H1 is 15 m. The diameter D2 of the outer annular surface 413 of the pile base 4 is 700 mm, and the shortest straight line distance H2 between the top surface 411 and the bottom surface 412 of the pile base 4 is 0.7 m.

Referring to Figures 2 and 3, in actual application, the foundation pile 2 is implanted in a pile hole 5 filled with cement mortar 51. Since the cement mortar 51 will flow into the perforation 311 and the through hole 415, the pile The cross-sectional area of the outermost edge of the pillar 31 of the body 3 is π / 4 * (600) ² mm ² , and the cross-sectional area of the outermost edge of the ring wall 41 of the pile base 4 is π / 4 * (700) ² mm ² In the case of the same soil bearing capacity, the bearing capacity of the pile end of the foundation pile 2 is increased to (700/600) ² = 1.3611 times, and because the shortest straight line distance H2 of the pile base 4 accounts for about the foundation pile 2 4.5% of the total length (H1 + H2), that is, an increase of about 4.5% in cost, but it can increase the pile end support force by 36.11%. Therefore, the foundation pile 2 can indeed improve the pile end supporting force and reduce the cost.

Furthermore, since the pile hole 5 is not completely vertical, if the shortest straight line distance H2 between the top surface 411 and the bottom surface 412 of the pile seat 4 is too short, it will easily collide with the pile hole 5 and cause the soil of the hole wall of the pile hole 5 to collapse. However, if the shortest straight line distance H2 between the top surface 411 and the bottom surface 412 of the pile seat 4 is too long, it is easy to be caught by the pile hole 5 and cannot sink to the design depth.

Therefore, the shortest straight line distance H2 between the top surface 411 and the bottom surface 412 is less than the length H1 of the pillar 31 of the pile body 3, and is between the outer ring surface 413 The design between the radius R and 10 times the diameter D2 of the outer annular surface 413 is moderate, so that the pile seat 4 effectively guides the foundation pile 2 to sink.

It should be particularly noted here that in actual operation, the pile seat 4 can be connected to the pile body 3 in the factory in advance, or can be transported to the construction site and then connected to the pile body 3, which can still achieve the same effect.

Referring to FIG. 4, the second preferred embodiment of the foundation pile 2 of the present invention is substantially similar to the first comparative embodiment, except that the foundation pile 2 includes a plurality of pile bodies which are overlapped and docked in the length direction. 3, and a pile base 4 supporting the pile body 3 which is superposed on each other. Since this preferred embodiment is substantially the same as the first preferred embodiment, in addition to achieving the same effect as the first preferred embodiment, the use of the piled bodies 3 which are superposed on each other is beneficial to The production and handling of the pile body 3 and the pile seat 4 can be further shown in FIG. 4, and several pile bodies 3 and one pile seat 4 are stacked to conform to the pile holes 5 of different depths, thereby improving versatility. The lengths H1 (shown in FIG. 2) of the stacked piles 3 may be equal or unequal.

5 and 6, the third preferred embodiment of the foundation pile 2 of the present invention is substantially similar to the first comparative embodiment, except that the outer ring surface 413 of the ring wall 41 of the pile base 4 is formed. A plurality of guide grooves 416 extending from the top surface 411 to the bottom surface 412 are parallel to the central axis L at intervals. The guide groove 416 helps the cement mortar 51 located below the pile base 4 to flow upward, and can relatively reduce the resistance when the foundation pile 2 sinks.

Referring to FIG. 7, the fourth preferred embodiment of the foundation pile 2 of the present invention is substantially similar to the first comparative embodiment, except that the pile seat 4 further includes a strengthening mechanism disposed in the annular wall 41. 42, and the pile 3 also includes a The reinforcing mechanism 32 provided in the cylinder 31 may be a vertical reinforcing bar, a prestressed steel tendon, a spiral stirrup or a horizontal stirrup.

Since the pile body 3 and the pile seat 4 are made of concrete, the reinforcement mechanism 32 and the strengthening mechanism 42 are combined into a reinforced concrete structure, which can effectively improve the pressure resistance of the pile body 3 and the pile seat 4. In the preferred embodiment, the strengthening mechanism 42 is a spiral stirrup and a vertical reinforcing bar, and the reinforcing mechanism 32 is a prestressed steel tendon and a spiral stirrup.

Referring to FIG. 8, a fifth preferred embodiment of the foundation pile 2 of the present invention is substantially the same as the first preferred embodiment, and includes a pile body 3 and a pile seat 4. The difference is that the pile body 3 further includes two cover plates 33 respectively disposed at opposite ends of the pillar body 31, and each of the cover plates 33 has an opening 331 communicating with the through hole 311. The pile base 4 further includes a connecting piece 43 disposed on the top surface 411 of the ring wall 41 and connected to the cover plate 33 below the pile body 3, and the connecting piece 43 has a through hole 415 and The opening 331 is a through hole 431.

In the preferred embodiment, the cover plate 33 and the connecting member 43 are made of a metal material, and the cover plate 33 and the connecting member 43 are joined to each other by welding. Of course, in practical applications, it can be mechanically engaged with each other by using tenons or bolts.

Since this preferred embodiment is substantially the same as the first preferred embodiment, except that the same effect as the first preferred embodiment can be achieved, the pile body 3 and the pile seat 4 can be manufactured separately, and thereafter The cover plate 33 and the connecting member 43 made of metal materials are then used to cooperate with welding methods or machinery. The jointing method is used to facilitate the production and handling of the pile body 3 and the pile seat 4, and can also be used to deeply join several pile bodies 3 and one pile seat according to the pile hole 5 (shown in FIG. 5) as shown in FIG. 4, in order to improve the versatility.

It should be particularly noted here that in actual operation, the pile seat 4 can be connected to the pile body 3 in the factory in advance, or can be transported to the construction site and then connected to the pile body 3, which can still achieve the same effect.

Referring to FIG. 10, a sixth preferred embodiment of the foundation pile 2 of the present invention is substantially the same as the fifth preferred embodiment, except that the outer ring surface 413 of the ring wall 41 of the pile base 4 is formed. A plurality of guide grooves 416 extending from the top surface 411 to the bottom surface 412 along the central axis L direction. The guide groove 416 facilitates the flow of the cement mortar 51 (shown in FIG. 5), so that the foundation pile 2 can stably sink along the pile hole 5 (shown in FIG. 5).

Referring to FIG. 11, the seventh preferred embodiment of the foundation pile 2 of the present invention is substantially the same as the fifth preferred embodiment. The difference is that the pile seat 4 further includes a The reinforcing mechanism 42, and the pile body 3 further includes a reinforcing mechanism 32 disposed in the pillar 31.

One end of the reinforcement mechanism 42 is connected to the connecting member 43, and two ends of the reinforcement mechanism 32 are connected to the cover 33. The reinforcement mechanism 42 and the reinforcement mechanism 32 may be vertical steel bars, Prestressed steel tendons, spiral stirrups or horizontal stirrups.

Since the pile body 3 and the pile seat 4 are made of concrete, the reinforcement mechanism 32 and the strengthening mechanism 42 are combined into a reinforced concrete structure, which can effectively improve the pressure resistance of the pile body 3 and the pile seat 4. In the preferred embodiment, the reinforcing mechanism 42 is a spiral stirrup and a vertical reinforcing bar, and the reinforcing mechanism 32 Prestressed steel tendons and spiral stirrups.

In summary, in the foundation pile 2 of the present invention, the diameter D2 of the outer ring surface 413 of the ring wall 41 of the pile base 4 is larger than the diameter D1 of the pillar 31 of the pile body 3 to increase the bottom of the pile 2 The bearing area further improves the pile-end supporting force of the foundation pile 2. In the case of generating the same supporting force at the end of the pile, the foundation pile 2 can use the pile body 3 with a small cross-sectional area. Therefore, the cost can be effectively reduced, and the purpose of the cost invention can be achieved.

However, the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. When the scope of implementation of the present invention cannot be limited by this, that is, the simple equivalent changes and modifications made according to the scope of the patent application and the description of the invention, All are still within the scope of the invention patent.

2‧‧‧ foundation pile

3‧‧‧ pile body

31‧‧‧ cylinder

311‧‧‧perforation

32‧‧‧ Reinforcement Agency

33‧‧‧ Cover

331‧‧‧ opening

4‧‧‧ pile seat

41‧‧‧ ring wall

411‧‧‧Top

412‧‧‧ underside

413‧‧‧outer torus

414‧‧‧Inner torus

415‧‧‧through hole

416‧‧‧Guide

42‧‧‧ Strengthening institutions

43‧‧‧Connector

431‧‧‧through hole

5‧‧‧ pile hole

51‧‧‧ cement mortar

L‧‧‧ center axis

D1, D2‧‧‧ diameter

H2‧‧‧shortest straight distance

H1‧‧‧ length

R‧‧‧ radius

FIG. 1 is a sectional view illustrating an existing foundation pile; FIG. 2 is a sectional view illustrating a first preferred embodiment of the foundation pile of the present invention; and FIG. 3 is a sectional view illustrating an application aspect of the first preferred embodiment. Figure 4 is a sectional view illustrating the second preferred embodiment of the foundation pile of the present invention; Figure 5 is a sectional view illustrating the third preferred embodiment of the foundation pile of the present invention; Figure 6 is another sectional view to assist in the explanation Figure 5; Figure 7 is a sectional view illustrating a fourth preferred embodiment of the foundation pile of the present invention; 8 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a fifth preferred embodiment of the foundation pile of the present invention; FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view illustrating another aspect of the fifth preferred embodiment; FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the present invention; A sixth preferred embodiment of a foundation pile; and FIG. 11 is a sectional view illustrating a seventh preferred embodiment of the foundation pile of the present invention.

2‧‧‧ foundation pile

3‧‧‧ pile body

31‧‧‧ cylinder

311‧‧‧perforation

4‧‧‧ pile seat

41‧‧‧ ring wall

411‧‧‧Top

412‧‧‧ underside

413‧‧‧outer torus

414‧‧‧Inner torus

415‧‧‧through hole

L‧‧‧ center axis

D1, D2‧‧‧ diameter

H2‧‧‧shortest straight distance

H1‧‧‧ length

R‧‧‧ radius

Claims (10)

A foundation pile includes: at least one pile body, including a hollow column body surrounding a central axis defining a perforation; and a pile seat, comprising a ring wall for supporting the pillar body of the pile body, the ring wall A top surface of a pillar supporting the pile body, a bottom surface opposite to the top surface, an outer ring surface surrounding the top surface and the periphery of the bottom surface, and an inner ring surface spaced from the outer ring surface, The inner ring surface surrounds the central axis to define a through hole that passes through the top surface and the bottom surface and communicates with the perforation, and the diameter of the outer ring surface is greater than the diameter of the pillar of the pile body, and the through hole The pore size is smaller than that of the perforation. The foundation pile according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the outer circumferential surface of the pile seat is formed with a plurality of guide grooves extending from the top surface to the bottom surface, and the guide grooves extend along the central axis direction. The foundation pile according to item 1 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the shortest straight line distance between the top surface of the pile base and the bottom surface is smaller than the length of the pillar body of the pile body and is between the outer ring surface of the pile base The radius is between 10 times the diameter of the torus outside the pile. The foundation pile according to any one of items 1 to 3 of the scope of patent application, wherein the pile base further comprises a strengthening mechanism disposed in the annular wall. The foundation pile according to item 1 of the scope of the patent application includes a plurality of pile bodies that are overlapped and docked along the length direction, and a pile base that supports the pile bodies that are overlapped and docked with each other. A foundation pile comprising: At least one pile body includes a hollow column surrounding a central axis defining a perforation, and two cover plates respectively disposed at opposite ends of the column, each of the cover plates having an opening communicating with the perforation. And a pile base, including a ring wall surrounding the central axis, and a connecting member disposed on the ring wall and connected to one of the cover plates of the pile body, the ring wall having a pillar facing the column A top surface, a bottom surface opposite to the top surface, an outer ring surface surrounding the top surface and the periphery of the bottom surface, and an inner ring surface spaced from the outer ring surface, the inner ring surface is bounded along the central axis to define A through hole penetrating the top surface and the bottom surface, and the diameter of the outer ring surface is larger than the diameter of the pillar of the pile body, the hole diameter of the through hole is smaller than the hole diameter of the perforation, and the connecting member is disposed in the pile seat The top surface has a through hole communicating with the through hole and the opening. The foundation pile according to item 6 of the patent application scope, wherein a plurality of guide grooves extending from the top surface to the bottom surface are formed on the outer ring surface of the pile base, and the guide grooves extend along the central axis direction. The foundation pile according to item 6 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the shortest straight line distance between the top surface of the pile base and the bottom surface is less than the length of the pillar body of the pile body and is between the outer ring surface of the pile base The radius is between 10 times the diameter of the outer torus. The foundation pile according to any one of items 6 to 8 of the scope of patent application, wherein the pile seat further includes a strengthening mechanism provided in the annular wall, and one end of the strengthening mechanism is connected to the connecting member. . The foundation pile according to item 6 of the scope of the patent application includes a plurality of pile bodies which are overlapped and docked with each other along the length direction, and a pile that is overlapped and docked with each other. The pile of the pile.