TWI602361B - Power plug and outlet with smart thermal protection - Google Patents
Power plug and outlet with smart thermal protection Download PDFInfo
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Description
本發明有關於一種過溫保護裝置,且特別是一種具有智能熱防護機制的電源插頭暨插座。 The invention relates to an over temperature protection device, and in particular to a power plug and socket with an intelligent thermal protection mechanism.
電源插頭、插座、延長線插座等裝置可將外部電源(如交流電)傳遞給用電的電子裝置,基於安全考量,每一個裝置應具有可傳輸電流上限等安全規格。在實際的產品中,也會有過溫保護機制,習知的技術是使用一個溫度感測器,並配合過溫斷電機制。例如,一般可使用保險絲或可回復式的斷電開關,並將其串聯於電源線路,以作過溫保護的控制手段。例如,當電源插頭與插座的插接不良,或者電源插頭或外部插座之負荷量過高,使得導電線路(及元件)的溫度持續上升而超過預設溫度(例如80℃至100℃)時,則利用保險絲或斷電開關以斷開電流,進而達到防止電源插頭或插座過熱溶毀或電線走火的情形發生。 Devices such as power plugs, sockets, and extension cord sockets can transfer external power sources (such as AC power) to powered electronic devices. For safety reasons, each device should have safety specifications such as the upper limit of the current that can be transmitted. In the actual product, there will also be an over-temperature protection mechanism. The conventional technology uses a temperature sensor and cooperates with an over-temperature shutdown mechanism. For example, a fuse or a returnable power-off switch can generally be used and connected in series to the power line for control of over-temperature protection. For example, when the power plug and the socket are not properly inserted, or the load of the power plug or the external socket is too high, the temperature of the conductive line (and component) continues to rise above a preset temperature (for example, 80 ° C to 100 ° C). Then use a fuse or a power-off switch to disconnect the current, thereby preventing the power plug or socket from overheating or the wire from igniting.
然而,傳統上藉由預設的溫度感測,其安全溫度上限通常是固定的溫度,並沒有考慮其他因素,如,環境灰塵的引燃溫度,未達到傳統保護溫度,就可能已經引燃。如此單調的過溫安全性設計,在實際能發揮的過溫保護效果可能有限,仍有相當大的改進空間。 However, traditionally, by the preset temperature sensing, the upper limit of the safe temperature is usually a fixed temperature, and other factors, such as the ignition temperature of the environmental dust, which may not have reached the conventional protection temperature, may have been ignited. Such monotonous over-temperature safety design, the actual over-temperature protection effect can be limited, there is still considerable room for improvement.
本發明實施例提供一種具有智能熱防護機制的插頭暨插座 (Plug&Outlet),可提供插頭暨插座的過溫保護機制,此過溫保護機制是動態的保護機制,以提升插頭與插座的安全性。 The embodiment of the invention provides a plug and socket with intelligent thermal protection mechanism (Plug & Outlet), which provides over-temperature protection for plugs and sockets. This over-temperature protection mechanism is a dynamic protection mechanism to improve the safety of plugs and sockets.
本發明實施例提供一種具有智能熱防護機制的電源插頭,包括電流感測單元、第一溫度感測單元、第二溫度感測單元、開關以及控制單元。電流感測單元感測流過電源插頭的導電接腳的電流。第一溫度感測單元設置於電源插頭的殼體內部,測得導電接腳的溫度。第二溫度感測單元測得環境溫度。控制單元耦接電流感測單元、第一溫度感測單元、第二溫度感測單元以及可控開關。可控開關電性串聯於導電接腳。控制單元依據電流感測單元所測得的導電接腳的電流與第二溫度感測單元測得的環境溫度以判斷第一溫度感測單元所測得的導電接腳的溫度是否過溫。當導電接腳的溫度被判斷為過溫,則控制單元關斷開關,以斷開流過導電接腳的電流。 Embodiments of the present invention provide a power plug having an intelligent thermal protection mechanism, including a current sensing unit, a first temperature sensing unit, a second temperature sensing unit, a switch, and a control unit. The current sensing unit senses the current flowing through the conductive pins of the power plug. The first temperature sensing unit is disposed inside the casing of the power plug, and the temperature of the conductive pin is measured. The second temperature sensing unit measures the ambient temperature. The control unit is coupled to the current sensing unit, the first temperature sensing unit, the second temperature sensing unit, and the controllable switch. The controllable switch is electrically connected in series to the conductive pin. The control unit determines whether the temperature of the conductive pin measured by the first temperature sensing unit is over temperature according to the current of the conductive pin measured by the current sensing unit and the ambient temperature measured by the second temperature sensing unit. When the temperature of the conductive pin is judged to be over temperature, the control unit turns off the switch to turn off the current flowing through the conductive pin.
本發明實施例提供一種具有智能熱防護機制的電源插座,包括電流感測單元、第一溫度感測單元、第二溫度感測單元、開關以及控制單元。電流感測單元感測流過電源插座的饋電導體的電流。第一溫度感測單元設置於電源插座的殼體內部,測得饋電導體的溫度。第二溫度感測單元感測環境溫度。控制單元耦接電流感測單元、第一溫度感測單元、第二溫度感測單元以及可控開關。可控開關電性串聯於導電接腳。控制單元依據電流感測單元所測得的饋電導體的電流與第二溫度感測單元測得的環境溫度以判斷第一溫度感測單元所測得的饋電導體的溫度是否過溫。當饋電導體的溫度被判斷為過溫,則控制單元關斷開關,以斷開流過饋電導體的電流。 Embodiments of the present invention provide a power socket having an intelligent thermal protection mechanism, including a current sensing unit, a first temperature sensing unit, a second temperature sensing unit, a switch, and a control unit. The current sensing unit senses the current flowing through the feed conductor of the power outlet. The first temperature sensing unit is disposed inside the casing of the power socket, and the temperature of the feeding conductor is measured. The second temperature sensing unit senses the ambient temperature. The control unit is coupled to the current sensing unit, the first temperature sensing unit, the second temperature sensing unit, and the controllable switch. The controllable switch is electrically connected in series to the conductive pin. The control unit determines whether the temperature of the feed conductor measured by the first temperature sensing unit is over temperature according to the current of the feed conductor measured by the current sensing unit and the ambient temperature measured by the second temperature sensing unit. When the temperature of the feed conductor is judged to be over temperature, the control unit turns off the switch to turn off the current flowing through the feed conductor.
綜上所述,本發明實施例提供一種具有智能熱防護機制的插頭暨插座,可依據殼體或外在環境溫度的條件,以及目前電流的大小,動態的決定饋電導體(如導電接腳或電源導線)的溫度限制,可適應環境溫度以提供更準確的電流過溫保護機制。 In summary, the embodiment of the present invention provides a plug and socket with an intelligent thermal protection mechanism, which can dynamically determine a feed conductor (such as a conductive pin according to the condition of the housing or the external ambient temperature and the current current). Or the temperature limit of the power cord can be adapted to the ambient temperature to provide a more accurate current overtemperature protection mechanism.
為使能更進一步瞭解本發明之特徵及技術內容,請參閱以下有關本發明之詳細說明與附圖,但是此等說明與所附圖式僅係用來說明本發明,而非對本發明的權利範圍作任何的限制。 The detailed description of the present invention and the accompanying drawings are to be understood by the claims The scope is subject to any restrictions.
1‧‧‧電源插頭 1‧‧‧Power plug
11‧‧‧電流感測單元 11‧‧‧ Current sensing unit
12‧‧‧第一溫度感測單元 12‧‧‧First temperature sensing unit
13‧‧‧第二溫度感測單元 13‧‧‧Second temperature sensing unit
14‧‧‧控制單元 14‧‧‧Control unit
Iac、Ia、Ib、Ic、I1‧‧‧電流 Iac, I a , I b , I c , I 1 ‧‧‧ current
15‧‧‧可控開關 15‧‧‧Controllable switch
16‧‧‧插座 16‧‧‧ socket
161‧‧‧導電片 161‧‧‧Conductor
17、191‧‧‧導電接腳 17, 191‧‧‧ conductive pins
18、18’‧‧‧殼體 18, 18’‧‧‧ shell
Tth、T2a、T2b、T2c‧‧‧溫度門檻值 T th , T 2a , T 2b , T 2c ‧‧‧ temperature threshold
E_T、T1a、T1b、T1c‧‧‧環境溫度 E_T, T 1a , T 1b , T 1c ‧‧‧ ambient temperature
1’‧‧‧電源插座 1'‧‧‧Power Socket
19‧‧‧電源插頭 19‧‧‧Power plug
L1、L2‧‧‧導線 L 1 , L 2 ‧‧‧ wires
S110、S120、S130、S140、S150、S160‧‧‧步驟 S110, S120, S130, S140, S150, S160‧‧ steps
圖1A是本發明實施例提供的具有智能熱防護機制的電源插頭的示意圖。 FIG. 1A is a schematic diagram of a power plug with an intelligent thermal protection mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.
圖1B是本發明實施例提供的具有智能熱防護機制的電源插頭的功能方塊圖。 FIG. 1B is a functional block diagram of a power plug with an intelligent thermal protection mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.
圖2是本發明實施例提供的智能熱防護機制的判斷流程示意圖。 FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a determination process of an intelligent thermal protection mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.
圖3A是本發明實施例提供的動態的溫度門檻值對應於第一溫度與導通電流的示意圖。 FIG. 3A is a schematic diagram of a dynamic temperature threshold corresponding to a first temperature and an on current according to an embodiment of the invention. FIG.
圖3B是圖3A中應用在相同導通電流的情況的示意圖。 FIG. 3B is a schematic diagram of the case where the same on-current is applied in FIG. 3A.
圖3C是圖3A中應用在相同第一溫度的情況的示意圖。 Figure 3C is a schematic illustration of the application of Figure 3A at the same first temperature.
圖4A是本發明實施例提供的動態的溫度門檻值對應於第一溫度的示意圖。 4A is a schematic diagram of a dynamic temperature threshold corresponding to a first temperature provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
圖4B是本發明實施例提供的動態的溫度門檻值對應於導通電流的示意圖。 FIG. 4B is a schematic diagram of a dynamic temperature threshold corresponding to an on current according to an embodiment of the invention.
圖5是本發明實例提供的具有智能熱防護機制的電源插座的示意圖。 FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a power socket with an intelligent thermal protection mechanism provided by an example of the present invention.
本實施例的具有智能熱防護機制的電源插頭暨插座可以是插頭、插座、電源延長線或充電裝置等電源延長裝置。可接收外部電力(如交流電)並將其傳送給其他需要用電的電子裝置(以下簡稱用電裝置)。以下將以實際實施例進行說明,以下實施例將以示範 性的電源插頭及電源延長線插座為例,藉以幫助說明,但本發明並不限定具有智能熱防護機制的電源插頭暨插座的外觀以及應用態樣。 The power plug and socket with the intelligent thermal protection mechanism of this embodiment may be a power extension device such as a plug, a socket, a power extension cord or a charging device. It can receive external power (such as AC power) and transmit it to other electronic devices that need electricity (hereinafter referred to as power devices). The following will be explained in the actual embodiment, and the following embodiments will be demonstrated The power plug and the power extension cord socket are taken as an example to help illustrate, but the invention does not limit the appearance and application of the power plug and socket with intelligent thermal protection mechanism.
請同時參照圖1A與圖1B,圖1A是本發明實施例提供的具有智能熱防護機制的電源插頭的示意圖,圖1B是本發明實施例提供的具有智能熱防護機制的電源插頭的功能方塊圖。就外觀而言,如圖1A所示,具有智能熱防護機制的電源插頭1具有插座16、至少兩個導電接腳17、與殼體18。導電接腳17用以連接外部電源,如市電插座。導電接腳17的數目與結構是對應於外部電源的插座而對應設置,例如,電源插頭1具有兩個導電接腳17,分別對應市電的火線(L)與零線(N);或者,電源插頭1具有三個導電接腳17,分別對應市電的火線(L)、零線(N)與地線(G),但本發明並不因此限定。接著,插孔16可用以連接用電裝置(圖未示)的電源插頭,以輸出電力至用電裝置,插座16的插孔內具有導電片(通常為導電銅片)以對應導電接腳17的火線(L)、零線(N)與地線(G)等接線,但本發明也不限定插座16的插孔數目與結構,圖1A僅是用以示意以幫助說明,所屬技術領域具有通常知識者可依照上述原理設計其他形式的電源插頭。 Please refer to FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B simultaneously. FIG. 1A is a schematic diagram of a power plug with an intelligent thermal protection mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1B is a functional block diagram of a power plug with an intelligent thermal protection mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention. . In terms of appearance, as shown in FIG. 1A, the power plug 1 having an intelligent thermal protection mechanism has a socket 16, at least two conductive pins 17, and a housing 18. The conductive pin 17 is used to connect an external power source, such as a commercial power outlet. The number and structure of the conductive pins 17 are correspondingly arranged corresponding to the socket of the external power source. For example, the power plug 1 has two conductive pins 17 respectively corresponding to the live line (L) and the neutral line (N) of the mains; or The plug 1 has three conductive pins 17, which correspond to the live line (L), the neutral line (N) and the ground line (G) of the mains, respectively, but the invention is not limited thereto. Then, the jack 16 can be used to connect a power plug of an electric device (not shown) to output power to the electric device. The jack of the socket 16 has a conductive piece (usually a conductive copper piece) to correspond to the conductive pin 17 . Wires (L), neutral (N) and ground (G) are wired, but the invention does not limit the number and structure of the sockets of the socket 16. FIG. 1A is only for illustration to help explain, and has the technical field. Generally, the knowledge base can design other forms of power plugs according to the above principles.
再來,就功能方塊而言,如圖1B所示,本實施例的具有智能熱防護機制的電源插頭1包括電流感測單元11、第一溫度感測單元12、第二溫度感測單元13、可控開關15以及控制單元14。控制單元14耦接電流感測單元11、第一溫度感測單元12、第二溫度感測單元13以及可控開關15。控制單元14並未繪示在圖1A中。控制單元14例如是微控制器(MCU)或中央處理器(CPU),但本發明並不因此限定。可控開關15電性串聯於一個導電接腳17,以控制導電接腳17是否能導通外部電源所產生的電流,如圖1B的電流Iac,在此所述的導電接腳17例如是對應於市電的火線(L)或零線(N),而不是對應地線(G)的導電接腳,因地線(G)正常並無 電流產生。 In addition, as shown in FIG. 1B, the power plug 1 with the intelligent thermal protection mechanism of the present embodiment includes a current sensing unit 11, a first temperature sensing unit 12, and a second temperature sensing unit 13. The controllable switch 15 and the control unit 14. The control unit 14 is coupled to the current sensing unit 11, the first temperature sensing unit 12, the second temperature sensing unit 13, and the controllable switch 15. Control unit 14 is not shown in Figure 1A. The control unit 14 is, for example, a microcontroller (MCU) or a central processing unit (CPU), but the invention is not limited thereto. The controllable switch 15 is electrically connected in series to a conductive pin 17 to control whether the conductive pin 17 can conduct current generated by an external power source, such as the current Iac of FIG. 1B. The conductive pin 17 described herein corresponds to, for example, The live wire (L) or neutral wire (N) of the mains, not the conductive pin of the corresponding ground wire (G), because the ground wire (G) is normal. Current is generated.
接著,請參照圖2,運用圖2以幫助說明本發明實施例的智能熱防護機制的概念。所述判斷機制可以前述的具有智能熱防護機制的電源插頭1實現。首先,在步驟S110中,感測電流,例如感測導電接腳17的電流,參照圖1A。然後,在步驟S120中,感測導電接腳17的溫度。接著,在步驟S130中,感測環境溫度。然後,判斷是否過溫,可例如運用查找表(Look Up Table)或是運用公式(函數)計算。當判斷為未過溫,則進行步驟S150,控制單元14不作動。當判斷為過溫,則進行步驟S160,控制單元14段開可控開關15,藉以斷開流過導電接腳17的電流。 Next, referring to FIG. 2, FIG. 2 is applied to help illustrate the concept of the intelligent thermal protection mechanism of the embodiment of the present invention. The judging mechanism can be implemented by the aforementioned power plug 1 having an intelligent thermal protection mechanism. First, in step S110, a current is sensed, for example, a current of the conductive pin 17, as shown in FIG. 1A. Then, in step S120, the temperature of the conductive pin 17 is sensed. Next, in step S130, the ambient temperature is sensed. Then, it is judged whether or not the temperature is excessive, and can be calculated, for example, by using a look up table or by using a formula (function). When it is determined that the temperature has not been exceeded, the process proceeds to step S150, and the control unit 14 does not operate. When it is determined that the temperature is too high, step S160 is performed, and the control unit 14 opens the controllable switch 15 to disconnect the current flowing through the conductive pin 17.
基於上述的判斷機制,再參照圖1A與圖1B,以說明示範性的實施方式的細節。詳細的說,導電接腳17經由可控開關15導通至插座16的一個插孔的導電片,可控開關15受控於控制單元14,且在控制單元14判斷導電接腳17的溫度過溫時,可控開關15被關斷而斷開電流Iac,藉此可切斷電源插頭1與外部電源(以及用電裝置)之間的電源傳輸。可控開關15可以是繼電器(relay)或電子開關,但本發明也不限定可控開關15的實現方式。以下將說明控制單元14如何判斷導電接腳17的溫度是否過溫。 Based on the above-described determination mechanism, reference is again made to FIGS. 1A and 1B to illustrate details of an exemplary embodiment. In detail, the conductive pin 17 is electrically connected to the conductive piece of one of the sockets of the socket 16 via the controllable switch 15, the controllable switch 15 is controlled by the control unit 14, and the temperature of the conductive pin 17 is judged to be over temperature at the control unit 14. At this time, the controllable switch 15 is turned off to turn off the current Iac, whereby the power transmission between the power plug 1 and the external power source (and the electric device) can be cut off. The controllable switch 15 can be a relay or an electronic switch, but the invention does not limit the implementation of the controllable switch 15. How the control unit 14 determines whether the temperature of the conductive pin 17 is over temperature will be described below.
電流感測單元11感測流過電源插頭1的導電接腳17的電流,在此所述的導電接腳17例如是對應於市電的火線(L)或零線(N),而不是對應地線(G)的導電接腳,因地線(G)正常並無電流產生。在實際應用時,有導通電流的導電接腳17例如是銅片。電流感測單元11例如是霍爾效應電流感測器,但本發明並不因此限定。所屬技術領域具有通常知識者應容易了解如何利用習知技術感測電流的方式,不再贅述。流過電源插頭1的導電接腳17的電流是判斷導電接腳17的溫度是否過溫的其中一個依據,另一個依據是第二溫度感測單元13測得的環境溫度。 The current sensing unit 11 senses the current flowing through the conductive pin 17 of the power plug 1, and the conductive pin 17 described herein is, for example, a live line (L) or a neutral line (N) corresponding to the mains, instead of correspondingly The conductive pin of the wire (G) has no current due to the normal ground wire (G). In practical applications, the conductive pin 17 having a conducting current is, for example, a copper piece. The current sensing unit 11 is, for example, a Hall effect current sensor, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art should readily understand how to sense current using conventional techniques, and will not be described again. The current flowing through the conductive pin 17 of the power plug 1 is one of the basis for judging whether the temperature of the conductive pin 17 is over temperature, and the other is based on the ambient temperature measured by the second temperature sensing unit 13.
第一溫度感測單元12設置於電源插頭1的殼體18,以測得導 電接腳17的溫度。在一實施例中,第一溫度感測單元12可設置於殼體18內部。第一溫度感測單元12可以設置於接觸或鄰近於導電接腳17的位置。第一溫度感測單元12感測導電接腳17的溫度的方式可以是接觸式或非接觸式。在一實施例中,第一溫度感測單元12可以接觸式感測導電接腳17的溫度,以產生較準確的溫度,例如第一溫度感測單元12是熱電阻或熱電偶,但本發明並不限定第一溫度感測單元12感測導電接腳17的溫度的方式。 The first temperature sensing unit 12 is disposed on the housing 18 of the power plug 1 to measure the guide The temperature of the electrical pin 17. In an embodiment, the first temperature sensing unit 12 may be disposed inside the housing 18 . The first temperature sensing unit 12 may be disposed at a position in contact with or adjacent to the conductive pin 17. The manner in which the first temperature sensing unit 12 senses the temperature of the conductive pin 17 may be contact or non-contact. In an embodiment, the first temperature sensing unit 12 can contactly sense the temperature of the conductive pin 17 to generate a more accurate temperature, for example, the first temperature sensing unit 12 is a thermal resistor or a thermocouple, but the present invention The manner in which the first temperature sensing unit 12 senses the temperature of the conductive pin 17 is not limited.
第二溫度感測單元13感測環境溫度。第二溫度感測單元13環境溫度,例如可感應殼體18的溫度,此時所測得的環境溫度是殼體18本身的溫度,但本發明並不因此限定。殼體18的溫度可反映電源插頭1之外的環境溫度,但殼體18的溫度未必須與環境溫度相同。在另一實施例中,當第二溫度感測單元13設置於殼體18表面,則實際測得的環境溫度可能會更接近外在環境溫度。控制單元14依據電流感測單元11所測得的導電接腳17的電流與第二溫度感測單元13測得的環境溫度以判斷第一溫度感測單元12所測得的導電接腳17的溫度是否過溫。當導電接腳17的溫度被判斷為過溫,則控制單元14關斷可控開關15,以斷開流過導電接腳17的電流(如圖1B的電流Iac)。簡言之,判斷是否過溫的條件是以電流以及環境溫度為比較基準,再利用第一溫度感測單元12感測導電接腳17(如銅片)的溫度,以判斷銅片溫度是否在合理的升溫溫度,此智能熱防護機制是動態的過溫判斷機制。 The second temperature sensing unit 13 senses the ambient temperature. The ambient temperature of the second temperature sensing unit 13, for example, can sense the temperature of the housing 18, where the measured ambient temperature is the temperature of the housing 18 itself, but the invention is not so limited. The temperature of the housing 18 may reflect the ambient temperature outside of the power plug 1, but the temperature of the housing 18 does not have to be the same as the ambient temperature. In another embodiment, when the second temperature sensing unit 13 is disposed on the surface of the housing 18, the actually measured ambient temperature may be closer to the external ambient temperature. The control unit 14 determines the conductive pin 17 measured by the first temperature sensing unit 12 according to the current of the conductive pin 17 measured by the current sensing unit 11 and the ambient temperature measured by the second temperature sensing unit 13. Is the temperature too warm? When the temperature of the conductive pin 17 is judged to be over temperature, the control unit 14 turns off the controllable switch 15 to turn off the current flowing through the conductive pin 17 (such as the current Iac of FIG. 1B). In short, the condition for judging whether the temperature is over-temperature is based on the current and the ambient temperature, and the temperature of the conductive pin 17 (such as a copper piece) is sensed by the first temperature sensing unit 12 to determine whether the temperature of the copper piece is With reasonable temperature rise, this intelligent thermal protection mechanism is a dynamic over-temperature judgment mechanism.
更進一步,本發明實施例所使用的智能熱防護機制,是以導通電流(I)與環境溫度(E_T)作為基準,而得到溫度門檻值(Tth),此動態的溫度門檻值(Tth)是導通電流(I)與環境溫度(E_T)的函數,可表示為Tth(I,E_T)。例如,可以使用查找表(Look Up Table)或者利用控制單元14執行計算而得到溫度門檻值(Tth)。過溫判斷機制以查找表實現時,控制單元14可儲存有查找表,控制單元14將導電接腳17的電流與環境溫度(E_T)對照於查找表,以得到溫度門 檻值(Tth),此溫度門檻值(Tth)是動態溫度限制條件。請參照圖3A,圖3A是本發明實施例提供的動態的溫度門檻值對應於環境溫度(E_T)與導通電流(I)的示意圖,其橫軸是導通的電流(I),縱軸是環境溫度(E_T)(可代表殼體溫度或環境溫度),每一個事先設定的溫度門檻值T2a、T2b、T2c決定一個動態溫度限制條件,如圖3A中溫度門檻值T2a、T2b、T2c各自對應代表動態溫度限制條件的一條線(可以是曲線或直線),其中T2c>T2b>T2a。然而,本發明的動態溫度限制條件並不限定於圖3A的例子,圖3A僅是用以幫助說明。請參照圖3B,當電流I固定為I1的情況下,當環境溫度E_T越高(由T1a改變至T1b,再改變至T1c)則溫度門檻值Tth也越高(由T2a改變至T2b,再改變至T2c)。再參照圖3C,當環境溫度E_T為不變的情況下,可知當電流越高(由Ia改變至Ib,再改變至Ic)則溫度門檻值Tth也越高(由T2a改變至T2b,再改變至T2c)。上述的動態溫度限制條件可儲存於查找表中,控制單元14可簡單的利用查表方式快速找到溫度門檻值Tth。 Furthermore, the intelligent thermal protection mechanism used in the embodiments of the present invention obtains a temperature threshold (T th ) based on the on current (I) and the ambient temperature (E_T), and the dynamic temperature threshold (T th ) ) is a function of the on current (I) and the ambient temperature (E_T) and can be expressed as T th (I, E_T). For example, a temperature threshold (T th ) can be obtained using a look up table or using the control unit 14 to perform calculations. When the over temperature determination mechanism is implemented by a lookup table, the control unit 14 may store a lookup table, and the control unit 14 compares the current of the conductive pin 17 with the ambient temperature (E_T) against the lookup table to obtain a temperature threshold (T th ). This temperature threshold (T th ) is a dynamic temperature limiting condition. Referring to FIG. 3A, FIG. 3A is a schematic diagram of a dynamic temperature threshold corresponding to ambient temperature (E_T) and a conducting current (I) according to an embodiment of the present invention. The horizontal axis is the conducting current (I), and the vertical axis is the environment. Temperature (E_T) (which can represent the case temperature or ambient temperature), each preset temperature threshold T 2a , T 2b , T 2c determines a dynamic temperature limit condition, such as the temperature threshold T 2a , T 2b in Figure 3A And T 2c each correspond to a line (which may be a curve or a straight line) representing a dynamic temperature limiting condition, where T 2c > T 2b > T 2a . However, the dynamic temperature limiting conditions of the present invention are not limited to the example of FIG. 3A, and FIG. 3A is only for assistance in explanation. Referring to FIG 3B, when the current I is fixed to the case where I 1, when the ambient temperature is higher E_T (changed from T 1a to T 1b, and then changed to the T 1c) the threshold temperature T th higher (by the T 2a Change to T 2b and change to T 2c ). Referring again to FIG. 3C, when the ambient temperature E_T is constant, it is known that the higher the current (from I a to I b and then to I c ), the higher the temperature threshold T th (changed by T 2a ) To T 2b , change to T 2c ). The dynamic temperature limiting conditions described above can be stored in a lookup table, and the control unit 14 can quickly find the temperature threshold T th simply by means of a look-up table.
查找表的資料儲存內容,也可以如圖4A或圖4B的方式代表,以圖4A而言,每一個電流I的值產生一條曲線(或直線),橫軸是環境溫度E_T,縱軸是溫度門檻值Tth,每一個電流值(如5A、10A或20A)對應於環境溫度E_T,則可得到溫度門檻值Tth,因此可用查找表儲存上述資料。當電流I為已知(如5A、10A或20A),則隨著環境溫度E_T的上升,溫度門檻值Tth可隨著環境溫度而上升。又如圖4B所示,每一個環境溫度E_T的值產生一條曲線(或直線),橫軸是電流I,縱軸是溫度門檻值Tth,每一個環境溫度E_T(如50℃、40℃、30℃或20℃)對應於一個電流值,則可得到溫度門檻值Tth,因此可用查找表儲存上述資料。當環境溫度E_T為已知(如50℃、40℃、30℃或20℃),則隨著電流I的增加,溫度門檻值Tth也隨之上升。經由上述,應可理解本發明實施例將動態溫度限制條件(或溫度門檻值Tth)儲存於查找表的方式以及資料內 容。然而,本發明並不限制獲得溫度門檻值Tth(I,E_T)的查表方式以及查找表的內容,只要是基於電流(I)與環境溫度(E_T)進行查表而得到的溫度門檻值Tth都是屬於本發明實施例的範疇。由以上可知,介於第二溫度感測單元13所測得的環境溫度E_T與溫度門檻值Tth的溫度區間,是一個動態的溫度限制區間。換句話說,第一溫度感測單元12感測導電接腳17的溫度在介於環境溫度E_T與溫度門檻值Tth之間時都表示未發生過溫狀況,且本發明實施例的過溫判斷機制不受限於任何一個預設的絕對溫度值,如80℃或100℃。本發明實施例的溫度門檻值Tth是隨著電流(I)與第二溫度感測單元13所測得的環境溫度E_T而動態增減。因此,相較於傳統以絕對溫度為判定依據之方式,本發明實施例的過溫判定方式可增加過溫判定的可靠度。 The data storage content of the lookup table can also be represented as shown in FIG. 4A or FIG. 4B. In FIG. 4A, the value of each current I produces a curve (or a straight line), the horizontal axis is the ambient temperature E_T, and the vertical axis is the temperature. The threshold value T th , each current value (such as 5A, 10A or 20A) corresponding to the ambient temperature E_T, can obtain the temperature threshold T th , so the above table can be stored in a lookup table. When the current I is known (e.g., 5A, 10A or 2OA), increases as the ambient temperature E_T, the threshold temperature T th may vary with the ambient temperature rises. As shown in FIG. 4B, the value of each ambient temperature E_T produces a curve (or a straight line), the horizontal axis is the current I, and the vertical axis is the temperature threshold T th , and each ambient temperature E_T (eg, 50 ° C, 40 ° C, 30 ° C or 20 ° C) corresponds to a current value, then the temperature threshold T th can be obtained, so the above data can be stored in a lookup table. When the ambient temperature E_T is known (eg, 50 ° C, 40 ° C, 30 ° C, or 20 ° C), as the current I increases, the temperature threshold T th also rises. Through the above, it should be understood that the dynamic temperature limiting condition (or temperature threshold T th ) of the embodiment of the present invention stores the manner of the lookup table and the content of the data. However, the present invention does not limit the manner of obtaining the temperature threshold value T th (I, E_T) and the content of the lookup table as long as it is a temperature threshold obtained by looking up the current (I) and the ambient temperature (E_T). Tth is a category of embodiments of the present invention. It can be seen from the above that the temperature interval between the ambient temperature E_T and the temperature threshold T th measured by the second temperature sensing unit 13 is a dynamic temperature limiting interval. In other words, the first temperature sensing unit 12 senses that the temperature of the conductive pin 17 between the ambient temperature E_T and the temperature threshold T th indicates that no over temperature condition has occurred, and the over temperature of the embodiment of the present invention The judgment mechanism is not limited to any one of the preset absolute temperature values, such as 80 ° C or 100 ° C. The temperature threshold value T th of the embodiment of the present invention dynamically increases and decreases with the current (I) and the ambient temperature E_T measured by the second temperature sensing unit 13. Therefore, the over temperature determination method of the embodiment of the present invention can increase the reliability of the over temperature determination compared to the conventional method of determining the absolute temperature.
在另一實施例中,當溫度門檻值(Tth)是利用控制單元14基於電流(I)與環境溫度(E_T)以進行運算而獲得,則動態的溫度門檻值Tth(I,E_T)是以電流(I)和環境溫度(E_T)作為變數的函數式,其函數式可儲存於控制單元14,當電流(I)已知,且已知環境溫度(E_T),將兩者帶入溫度門檻值Tth(I,E_T)的函數式,則可以得到動態的溫度門檻值Tth。然而,本發明並不限制溫度門檻值Tth(I,E_T)的函數內容,只要是基於電流(I)與環境溫度(E_T)進行運算而得到的溫度門檻值Tth都是屬於本發明實施例的範疇。 In another embodiment, when the temperature threshold (T th ) is obtained by the control unit 14 based on the current (I) and the ambient temperature (E_T), the dynamic temperature threshold T th (I, E_T) is obtained. The current (I) and the ambient temperature (E_T) are used as a function of the variable, and the functional formula can be stored in the control unit 14, when the current (I) is known, and the ambient temperature (E_T) is known, bringing the two into A dynamic temperature threshold value T th can be obtained by a functional formula of the temperature threshold T th (I, E_T). However, the present invention does not limit the function content of the temperature threshold value T th (I, E_T), as long as the temperature threshold value T th obtained by calculating based on the current (I) and the ambient temperature (E_T) belongs to the implementation of the present invention. The scope of the example.
更進一步,當已判斷過溫,則控制單元14更可利用異常指示單元(圖未示)產生狀態異常指示,所述異常指示單元可以利用如是發光二極體、發光二極體顯示器、或者是蜂鳴器等可產生聲光信號的元件,甚至異常指示單元可以傳遞異常指示信號至其他電子裝置,以提供異常通知,但本發明並不因此限定。上述異常指示僅是用以舉例,本發明也不限定控制單元14所產生的異常指示的內容以及實施方式。 Further, when it is determined that the temperature is too high, the control unit 14 may further generate a state abnormality indication by using an abnormality indicating unit (not shown), and the abnormality indicating unit may utilize, for example, a light emitting diode, a light emitting diode display, or A buzzer or the like that can generate an acousto-optic signal, and even the abnormality indicating unit can transmit an abnormality indicating signal to other electronic devices to provide an abnormality notification, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The above abnormality indication is merely an example, and the present invention does not limit the content and implementation of the abnormality indication generated by the control unit 14.
接著,請同時參照圖1A、圖1B與圖5,圖5是本發明實例提 供的具有智能熱防護機制的電源插座的示意圖。相異於圖1A的電源插頭1的形式,圖5是基於圖1B的功能方塊的原理實現的具有智能熱防護機制的電源插座1’,此電源插座1’是延長線插座。電源插座1’包括圖1B的電流感測單元11、第一溫度感測單元12、第二溫度感測單元13、可控開關15以及控制單元14。控制單元14耦接電流感測單元11、第一溫度感測單元12、第二溫度感測單元13以及可控開關15。控制單元14並未繪示在圖5中。除此之外,電源插座1’也具有電源插頭19與插座16,兩者之間以饋電導體連接,且使用可控開關15電性串聯於饋電導體。所述饋電導體是傳輸電流的導電元件,如對應連接於火線(L)的導線L1及相關導電元件,或者是對應連接於零線(N)的導線L2及相關導電元件。在圖5的實施例中,所述饋電導體包括彼此電性連接的電源(輸入)插頭19的導電接腳191、導線L1(或L2)以及電源(輸出)插座16的導電片161。電源插頭19也包括至少兩個導電接腳191(對應火線(L)或零線(N)),每一個導電接腳191連接一條電源導線,如導線L1對應火線(L),導線L2對應零線(N)。電流感測單元11感測流過電源插座1’的饋電導體的電流。不同於圖1A的設計,電流感測單元11可以不必位於電源插頭19’而是在電源插座1’的殼體18’,且電流感測單元11感測導線L1(或L2)的電流,如圖5所示,但本發明並不因此限定。在又一實施例中,類似於圖1A的電源插頭1的設計,電源插座1’的電流感測單元11也可以設置在電源插頭19,且電流感測單元11感測流過電源插頭19的導電接腳191的電流。 Next, please refer to FIG. 1A, FIG. 1B and FIG. 5 simultaneously. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a power socket with an intelligent thermal protection mechanism according to an example of the present invention. Different from the form of the power plug 1 of FIG. 1A, FIG. 5 is a power socket 1' having an intelligent thermal protection mechanism based on the principle of the functional block of FIG. 1B, which is an extension cord socket. The power socket 1' includes the current sensing unit 11, the first temperature sensing unit 12, the second temperature sensing unit 13, the controllable switch 15, and the control unit 14 of FIG. 1B. The control unit 14 is coupled to the current sensing unit 11, the first temperature sensing unit 12, the second temperature sensing unit 13, and the controllable switch 15. Control unit 14 is not shown in FIG. In addition to this, the power socket 1' also has a power plug 19 and a socket 16, which are connected by a feed conductor and electrically connected in series with the feed conductor using a controllable switch 15. The feed conductor is a conductive element that transmits current, such as a wire L 1 and an associated conductive element connected to the live wire (L), or a wire L 2 and an associated conductive component corresponding to the neutral wire (N). In the embodiment of FIG. 5, the feed conductor includes a power source electrically connected to each other (input) plug of conductive pins 19119, wire L 1 (or L 2) and a power (output) receptacle 161 of the conductive sheet 16 . The power plug 19 also includes at least two conductive pins 191 (corresponding to a live wire (L) or a neutral wire (N)). Each of the conductive pins 191 is connected to a power supply wire. For example, the wire L 1 corresponds to a live wire (L), and the wire L 2 Corresponding to the zero line (N). The current sensing unit 11 senses the current flowing through the feed conductor of the power outlet 1'. Unlike the design of FIG. 1A, current sensing unit 11 may not necessarily be located in the power plug 19 'but power receptacle 1' housing 18 ', and the current sensing unit 11 sense leads L 1 (or L 2) current As shown in FIG. 5, the present invention is not limited thereto. In still another embodiment, similar to the design of the power plug 1 of FIG. 1A, the current sensing unit 11 of the power socket 1' may also be disposed at the power plug 19, and the current sensing unit 11 senses the flow through the power plug 19. The current of the conductive pin 191.
第一溫度感測單元12設置於電源插座1’的殼體18’內部,感測饋電導體的溫度。在一實施例中,第一溫度感測單元12設置接觸(或鄰近於)導線L1(或L2),以感測導線L1(或L2)上的一預設位置的溫度,但本發明並不因此限定。在又一實施例中,類似於圖1A的電源插頭19的設計,電源插座1’的第一溫度感測單元12可設置於電源插頭19,且第一溫度感測單元12感測電源插頭19的 導電接腳191的溫度。第二溫度感測單元13設置於電源插座1’的殼體18’,測得環境溫度(E_T),所述環境溫度可以是殼體18’的環境溫度或者是外部的環境溫度。 The first temperature sensing unit 12 is disposed inside the housing 18' of the power socket 1' to sense the temperature of the feed conductor. In an embodiment, the first temperature sensing unit 12 is configured to contact (or be adjacent to) the wire L 1 (or L 2 ) to sense the temperature of a predetermined position on the wire L 1 (or L 2 ), but The invention is not limited thereby. In still another embodiment, similar to the design of the power plug 19 of FIG. 1A, the first temperature sensing unit 12 of the power socket 1' may be disposed on the power plug 19, and the first temperature sensing unit 12 senses the power plug 19 The temperature of the conductive pin 191. The second temperature sensing unit 13 is disposed in the housing 18' of the power socket 1', and measures an ambient temperature (E_T), which may be an ambient temperature of the housing 18' or an external ambient temperature.
然後,控制單元14依據電流感測單元11所測得的饋電導體的電流(I)與第二溫度感測單元13測得的環境溫度(E_T)以判斷第一溫度感測單元12所測得的饋電導體(例如是對應於市電的火線(L)或零線(N)的導電接腳191)的溫度是否過溫。當饋電導體的溫度被判斷為過溫,則控制單元14關斷可控開關15,以斷開流過饋電導體的電流(I)。控制單元14依據動態的溫度門檻值(Tth)判斷饋電導體的溫度是否過溫。控制單元14獲得溫度門檻值(Tth)的方式可以是利用查找表或利用計算實現。在一實施例中,控制單元14儲存有查找表,控制單元14將饋電導體的電流(I)與環境溫度(E_T)對照於查找表,以得到動態的溫度門檻值Tth。在另一實施例中,控制單元14基於饋電導體的電流(I)與環境溫度(E_T)以將溫度門檻值Tth(I,E_T)的函數進行運算,而獲得動態的溫度門檻值Tth。 Then, the control unit 14 determines the current temperature (I) of the feed conductor measured by the current sensing unit 11 and the ambient temperature (E_T) measured by the second temperature sensing unit 13 to determine the first temperature sensing unit 12 to measure. The temperature of the resulting feed conductor (for example, the conductive pin 191 corresponding to the live (L) or neutral (N) of the mains) is over temperature. When the temperature of the feed conductor is judged to be over temperature, the control unit 14 turns off the controllable switch 15 to turn off the current (I) flowing through the feed conductor. The control unit 14 determines whether the temperature of the feed conductor is over temperature based on the dynamic temperature threshold (T th ). The manner in which the control unit 14 obtains the temperature threshold (T th ) may be implemented using a lookup table or by calculation. In an embodiment, the control unit 14 stores a lookup table, and the control unit 14 compares the current (I) of the feed conductor with the ambient temperature (E_T) against the lookup table to obtain a dynamic temperature threshold T th . In another embodiment, the control unit 14 calculates a dynamic temperature threshold T based on the current (I) of the feed conductor and the ambient temperature (E_T) as a function of the temperature threshold T th (I, E_T). Th .
綜上所述,本發明實施例所提供的具有智能熱防護機制的插頭暨插座,可依據殼體或外在環境溫度的條件,以及目前電流的大小,動態的決定饋電導體(如導電接腳或電源導線)的溫度限制,可適應環境溫度以提供更準確的電流過溫保護機制。 In summary, the plug and the socket with the intelligent thermal protection mechanism provided by the embodiments of the present invention can dynamically determine the feed conductor (such as the conductive connection according to the condition of the housing or the external ambient temperature and the current current). The temperature limit of the foot or power lead can be adapted to the ambient temperature to provide a more accurate current over temperature protection mechanism.
以上所述僅為本發明之實施例,其並非用以侷限本發明之專利範圍。 The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
11‧‧‧電流感測單元 11‧‧‧ Current sensing unit
12‧‧‧第一溫度感測單元 12‧‧‧First temperature sensing unit
13‧‧‧第二溫度感測單元 13‧‧‧Second temperature sensing unit
14‧‧‧控制單元 14‧‧‧Control unit
Iac‧‧‧電流 Iac‧‧‧ Current
15‧‧‧可控開關 15‧‧‧Controllable switch
16‧‧‧插座 16‧‧‧ socket
Claims (10)
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TW105111219A TWI602361B (en) | 2016-04-11 | 2016-04-11 | Power plug and outlet with smart thermal protection |
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TW105111219A TWI602361B (en) | 2016-04-11 | 2016-04-11 | Power plug and outlet with smart thermal protection |
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TWI602361B true TWI602361B (en) | 2017-10-11 |
TW201737576A TW201737576A (en) | 2017-10-16 |
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Cited By (1)
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TWI804841B (en) * | 2020-04-01 | 2023-06-11 | 矽創電子股份有限公司 | The structure of the safety socket |
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TWI645203B (en) * | 2018-03-23 | 2018-12-21 | 勝德國際研發股份有限公司 | Electronic device and detecting module thereof |
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TWM350146U (en) * | 2008-08-01 | 2009-02-01 | Prodigit Electronics Co Ltd | Electrical protection device of electrical socket |
TW201138237A (en) * | 2010-04-30 | 2011-11-01 | Prodigit Elec Co Ltd | Socket apparatus with over-current actuating/breaking protection |
CN102891410A (en) * | 2012-10-29 | 2013-01-23 | 杭州凯特电器有限公司 | Extension socket capable of protecting router through temperature alarm |
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Patent Citations (3)
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TWM350146U (en) * | 2008-08-01 | 2009-02-01 | Prodigit Electronics Co Ltd | Electrical protection device of electrical socket |
TW201138237A (en) * | 2010-04-30 | 2011-11-01 | Prodigit Elec Co Ltd | Socket apparatus with over-current actuating/breaking protection |
CN102891410A (en) * | 2012-10-29 | 2013-01-23 | 杭州凯特电器有限公司 | Extension socket capable of protecting router through temperature alarm |
Cited By (1)
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TWI804841B (en) * | 2020-04-01 | 2023-06-11 | 矽創電子股份有限公司 | The structure of the safety socket |
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