TWI597014B - A long term water quality degradation biological discharge fish tank - Google Patents

Description

Long-acting water quality degradation bio-discharge ecological fish tank

The purpose of the invention is to effectively degrade the organic matter in the water and improve the self-purification function of the fish tank by accelerating the mechanism of degrading waste under the discharge of the microbial fuel cell system.

According to the general aquarium and seaweed aquarium, it is a semi-closed system. The excrement of fish and other organisms kept in the trough and the organic matter produced by decay after death will all dissolve into the water, making the water quality excellent oxidation. The state, which causes the microbial bacteria in the water to breed, not only destroys the beauty of the aquarium, but also jeopardizes the survival of the fish. In order to control the water quality in the water tank, the general user uses a filter to filter impurities in the water.

The working mode of the conventional filter mainly utilizes the flow of water through the porous filter material, so that the impurities or suspended objects contained in the water are blocked by the filter material, thereby achieving the purpose of removing impurities in the water, but there is impurity accumulation after the filter is used for a long time. In the case of the filter, the filtration effect will be worse, and even in the case of the formation of dirt and dirt in the filter, it will become a source of polluted water quality. Moreover, the filter can only filter molecules whose size is larger than the pores of the filter material. Other proteins or organic substances that are dissolved in water can not function at all. Therefore, after using the filter device to clean the water, the water quality will deteriorate after long-term use. situation.

Since the equipment is not fully cleaned and the water quality is controlled, the user must additionally use other equipment or add chemicals to control the water quality or eliminate harmful bacteria or algae in the water. For example, in the aquarium, expensive protein foaming machines, odor machines, killing lamps and other equipment are installed to eliminate bacteria in the water or to control the water quality. These sizable machines are not only expensive but also must always be used. Changing the water allows the aquarium to raise the mortality rate during the water exchange process.

The aforementioned filters and other machinery and equipment used to control water quality usually cannot achieve complete water quality control effects. In addition, artificial oiling agents, water stabilizers, antibiotics, etc. must be added to the water to control the water quality. Aquatic plants grow in chemical-filled water, which has a considerable degree of impact on their health, and it will cause environmental pollution after sewage discharge, which is inconsistent with environmental protection requirements.

If the conventional aquarium tank is used to control water quality, the main reason for the effective control of water quality is that the water tank is a semi-enclosed environment, and the internal water quantity will not increase, but the original water repeats, but the fish grows in Among them, the excrement and other organic substances are continuously increasing, and the growth and reproduction of microorganisms are rapid. Therefore, no matter what kind of artificial filtration system is used, it can only maintain the short-term water quality and slow down the deterioration of water quality. Moreover, the conventional technology destroys the original ecological balance in the water, so that the microbial food chain system in the water cannot reach a balanced state, and it is necessary to repeatedly change the water to cause trouble for the owner.

Another example is shown in Figure 1. A well-known aquarium structure that uses ultraviolet light to purify water, but the ultraviolet light is only removed for the biological contamination of the fungus, and it cannot effectively remove or decompose the suspended organic waste. It will cause the accumulation of waste organic matter inside the aquarium, and the ecological environment that harms the aquarium must maintain the stability of the aquarium water quality by changing the water at a high frequency.

In order to improve the lack of the aforementioned aquarium water purification system, the inventors actively invested in research and development, and in view of the gradual shortage of global energy, energy conservation is indeed important, and thus developed a microbial fuel cell power generation system and water purification treatment. The combined aquarium structure of the technology accelerates the degradation of organic matter in the aquarium water by the electrochemical reaction under the discharge of the microbial fuel cell, thereby maintaining the cleanliness of the water quality in the aquarium.

According to the conventional microbial fuel cell (MFC), a bioelectrochemical device that directly converts the chemical energy of an organic substance into electrical energy by utilizing the catalytic action of microorganisms. MFC can produce electricity while oxidizing organic matter, especially in the field of wastewater treatment. Because too many microorganisms are metabolized for metabolism. During metabolism and growth, glucose or other carbohydrates are fed to cause a portion of the electrochemically active microorganisms to produce electrons. Electrons migrate to the anode in a variety of ways, transfer to the cathode through an external circuit, and eventually react with oxygen and protons in the cathode region to form water. This directional migration produces current. Without consideration, reaction kinetics, and effects from each kinetic and microbiological, glucosinolate oxidation is an exothermic entropy-enhancing reaction at temperatures suitable for microbial survival, and the reaction can proceed spontaneously. However, due to the limitation of reaction kinetics, the use of glucose as a substrate for power generation also requires ruthenium catalysis. Microorganisms in the anode chamber of the microbial fuel cell act to catalyze the reaction. The thermodynamic efficiency of microbial fuel cells is very high. From a thermodynamic point of view, the reversible voltage of a microbial fuel cell with glucose as a substrate is a function of temperature and changes positively with temperature: temperature rises, reversible voltage rises; temperature decreases, reversible voltage decreases. 1 The pseudo-reversibility of the reversible voltage with temperature is small. Since the temperature at which the microbial fuel cell operates is generally between 20 and 50 ° C, the reverberant voltage of the temperature can be ignored. Temperature not only affects the reversible voltage, but also affects the rate of reaction of glucose oxidation and microbial activity. The optimal operating temperature of a microbial fuel cell with glucose as a substrate is 350 °C.

However, at present, there has not been a combination of a microbial fuel cell and a fish tank water purification technology to form a long-lasting water-degrading bio-discharge ecological fish tank that is energy-saving, has the ability to generate electricity, improves the efficiency of water purification, and is environmentally friendly and has a long service life. .

The main object of the present invention is to provide a long-lasting water-degrading bio-discharge ecological fish tank utilizing the principle of microbial fuel cell, which is energy-saving, capable of generating electricity, improving water purification efficiency, environmental protection and increasing service life.

In order to achieve the above object, a long-acting water-degrading biodischarge ecological fish tank according to the present invention comprises: a cylinder having a top portion and a bottom portion, and a first portion formed by the outer peripheral wall. a cavity, and the top is formed with an opening, wherein an organic layer is laid in the bottom direction of the cavity and the cavity is filled with an aqueous solution of organic matter; a trapping unit is internally formed with a space and the space and the opening of the cylinder An electrode group having an anode electrode disposed in the cavity of the bottom of the cylinder and immersed in the organic aqueous solution and covered by the organic layer, and a cathode electrode is disposed in the cylinder The capacitor in the top of the body is immersed in the aqueous solution of organic matter, and an electrical connection unit is electrically connected to the anode electrode and the cathode electrode outside the cavity of the cylinder.

Preferably, a light-emitting unit is further disposed in the space of the insect trapping unit and electrically connected to the anode electrode and the cathode electrode.

Preferably, the inner space of the cavity of the cylinder is divided by the organic layer into an aerobic layer and an anaerobic layer.

Preferably, the anode electrode material may be a metal or a non-metal electrode, the metal electrode is selected from the group consisting of stainless steel, platinum, and platinum; and the non-metal electrode is a carbon substrate.

Preferably, the cathode electrode material may be platinum-loaded graphite, carbon cloth or carbon paper.

The techniques, means and other efficiencies employed in the present invention in order to achieve the above objects are described in the accompanying drawings.

Referring to FIG. 2, a schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the long-acting water-degrading bio-discharge ecological fish tank shown in the schematic diagram includes:

a cylinder 20 having a top portion 21 and a bottom portion 22 and an opening 25 formed therein, and a receiving groove 24 formed by the opening 25 and the outer peripheral wall 23, wherein the bottom portion of the receiving groove 24 An organic layer 26 is laid in the direction of 22 and the tank 24 will be filled with an aqueous solution of organic matter; wherein the organic layer 26 is a soil sandstone structure in the preferred embodiment.

An insect trap unit 30 is internally formed with a space 31 and the space 31 communicates with the opening 25 of the cylinder block 20, so that the insects captured by the mosquito trap unit 30 can directly communicate with the opening 25 into the capacity. In the tank 24, it is decomposed by the aquarium in the tank or through the water purifying mechanism of the present invention, and further supplemented by the additional organic matter (worm corpse) to maintain the ecological chemical reaction balance of the fish tank.

An electrode group 40 having an anode electrode 41 disposed in the cavity 24 of the bottom portion 22 of the cylinder block 20 and immersed in the organic aqueous solution and covered by the organic layer 26, a cathode electrode 42 The accommodating groove 24 of the top portion 21 of the cylinder block 20 is immersed in the aqueous solution of the organic matter, and the electrical connection unit 43 is electrically connected to the external portion of the cavity 24 of the cylinder block 20. The anode electrode 41 and the cathode electrode 42. The material of the anode electrode 41 may be metal or non-metal, the metal is selected from the group consisting of stainless steel, platinum, and platinum; the non-metal is a carbon substrate, and further includes compact carbon and fiber. Carbon, compact carbon such as graphite, fibrous carbon such as carbon cloth, carbon paper, carbon fiber and carbon cotton; and the cathode electrode 42 material may be platinum-loaded graphite, carbon cloth, carbon paper or the like.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a light-emitting unit 32 is disposed in the space of the insect trap unit 30 and electrically connected to the anode electrode 41 and the cathode electrode 42 to utilize the cylinder. The discharge system of the body 20 and the aqueous solution of the organic matter in the cavity 24 and the electrode group 40 formed by the electrode assembly 40 provides the power supplied by the light-emitting unit 32 in the trap unit 30, wherein The illumination unit 32 is preferably an LED light source.

Furthermore, the mechanism for accelerating the degradation of organic matter by discharge through the microbial fuel cell system is specifically that the internal space of the cavity 24 of the cylinder 20 is divided by the organic layer 26 into a direction toward the top 21 of the upper layer. An aerobic layer 241, and an anaerobic layer 242 in the direction of the bottom portion 22 of the lower layer, and an organic layer 26 is disposed between the aerobic layer 241 (upper layer) and the anaerobic layer 242 (lower layer), thereby blocking And preventing the oxygen diffusion of the aerobic layer 241 (upper layer) to the anode electrode 41, resulting in a decrease in electrical properties; wherein the battery generates electricity and a mechanism for degrading the organic matter, the anaerobic layer 242 (lower layer) is an anaerobic power generation portion The organic matter in the water is decomposed by the bacteria into carbon dioxide and electrons (e ^- ), and the electrons (e ^- ) are transmitted to the cathode electrode 42 via the external electrical connection unit 43 and the oxygen (the photosynthesis is metabolized by the water implant) Produce) combined into water. At the same time, the inorganic substances in the water (EX: aquatic animal excrement) undergo bacterial digestion, from ammonia to nitrite and then to nitrate, and the nitrate part is absorbed by plants in the water. The aerobic layer 241 (upper layer), since the nitrate is a matrix required for the aerobic cathode, can be reduced by denitrification, and the nitrate is reduced to nitrogen to increase the reduction potential, thereby improving the system performance, thereby achieving the purpose of the present invention. Organic matter degradation efficiency.

Please refer to Figure 3 for the electrical variation diagram of the single-tank sludge microbial fuel cell system with different cathode immersion areas. The research model is in the single-tank sludge microbial fuel cell system. The area selected for this study is controlled at 75 of the total area. % (exposure of three quarters, M _A75 ), 50% (half exposure, M _A50 ), 0% (not exposed, M _A0 ), and in comparison of power density, M _A75 is 1.93 for M _A50 and M _{A0 respectively} . The ratio is 6.44 times, so that under the condition of optimal cathode exposure area (three-quarter exposure, M _A75 ) is the best condition of the system, so the preferred embodiment of the present invention selects the optimal condition ( M _A75 ) is used as the exposed area of the cathode.

According to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the long-acting water-degrading bio-discharge ecological fish tank has been tested, and the test result shows that the degradation efficiency of the organic matter in the water environment can be increased by 30% in three days, and the pH value of the water is further maintained 6~ Between 7, it helps to maintain the cleanliness of the aquatic system in the aquarium for a long time.

Further, the reaction process of the biofuel cell is such that the organic matter in the aqueous solution or sludge in the anode tank directly generates protons (H ⁺ ), electrons and metabolites under the action of microorganisms, and the electrons are transported to the electrode surface through the carrier. Electronic support may be exogenous dye molecules, related to the respiratory chain NADH and a dye molecule, it may be a reducing substance produced by the metabolism of microorganisms, such as H ₂ S ^2- and the like. Electrons come to the cathode via an external circuit, while protons migrate to the cathode through the solution and the film. The protons and electrons transferred from the anode are combined with an oxidant (such as oxygen) to reduce the reaction on the surface of the cathode.

The main structure of the biofuel cell mainly includes an anodic chamber, a cathode chamber, and a proton exchange membrane. Electrodes are arranged on the anode and cathode slots, and wires are connected therebetween. In addition, protons are used. The exchange membrane separates the anode and cathode channels. The anode tank must have an organic substance and a catalyst (microorganism), and the cathode tank has a buffer solution. In addition to membranes, microbial fuel cells have been developed in recent years to develop membrane-less microbial fuel cells. The membraneless microbial fuel cell is a result of omitting the proton exchange membrane by utilizing a partial anti-air permeability effect of the cathode material.

Conventional knowledge

X‧‧‧UV tube

This creation

20‧‧‧ cylinder

21‧‧‧ top

22‧‧‧ bottom

23‧‧‧Weibi

24‧‧‧ 容容

25‧‧‧ openings

26‧‧‧Organic layer

30‧‧‧Insect catching unit

31‧‧‧ Space

40‧‧‧electrode group

41‧‧‧Anode electrode

411‧‧‧Bioelectric exchange film

42‧‧‧Cathode electrode

43‧‧‧Electrical connection unit

32‧‧‧Lighting unit

Figure 1 is a schematic view of a conventional aquarium water purification. 2 is a schematic view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 is a graph showing the electrical changes of a single-tank sludge microbial fuel cell system with different cathode immersion areas.

20‧‧‧ cylinder

21‧‧‧ top

22‧‧‧ bottom

23‧‧‧Weibi

24‧‧‧ 容容

241‧‧‧ aerobic layer

242‧‧‧ Anaerobic layer

25‧‧‧ openings

26‧‧‧Organic layer

30‧‧‧Insect catching unit

31‧‧‧ Space

41‧‧‧Anode electrode

411‧‧‧Bioelectric exchange film

42‧‧‧Cathode electrode

43‧‧‧Electrical connection unit

Claims (4)

A long-acting water-degrading bio-discharge ecological aquarium comprising: a cylinder having a top portion and a bottom portion; and a cavity formed by the outer peripheral wall, wherein the top portion forms an opening, wherein the opening An organic layer is disposed in the bottom direction of the trough and the cuvette is filled with an aqueous solution of organic matter; an insect trapping unit is internally formed with a space and the space is in communication with the opening of the cylinder; an electrode group having an anode electrode is disposed therein a groove in the bottom of the cylinder, and immersed in the organic aqueous solution and covered by the organic layer, a cathode electrode is disposed in the cavity of the top of the cylinder and immersed in the cavity An aqueous solution of the organic material and an electrical connection unit are electrically connected to the anode electrode and the cathode electrode outside the cavity of the cylinder; wherein the internal space of the cavity of the cylinder is distinguished by the organic layer An oxygen layer and an anaerobic layer. The long-acting water-degrading bio-discharge ecological aquarium according to the first aspect of the patent application has a light-emitting unit disposed in the space of the insect-catching unit and electrically connected to the anode electrode and the cathode electrode. The long-acting water-degrading bio-discharge ecological aquarium according to claim 1, wherein the anode electrode material may be a metal or a non-metal electrode, and the metal electrode is selected from the group consisting of stainless steel, platinum, and platinum. Group; non-metallic electrodes are carbon substrates. The long-acting water-degrading bio-discharge ecological fish tank according to claim 1, wherein the cathode electrode material is platinum-loaded graphite, carbon cloth or carbon paper.