TWI591027B - Thermo-mechanical reforming method and system and mechanical reforming tool - Google Patents
Thermo-mechanical reforming method and system and mechanical reforming tool Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B23/00—Re-forming shaped glass
- C03B23/02—Re-forming glass sheets
- C03B23/023—Re-forming glass sheets by bending
- C03B23/025—Re-forming glass sheets by bending by gravity
- C03B23/0258—Gravity bending involving applying local or additional heating, cooling or insulating means
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B23/00—Re-forming shaped glass
- C03B23/02—Re-forming glass sheets
- C03B23/023—Re-forming glass sheets by bending
- C03B23/025—Re-forming glass sheets by bending by gravity
- C03B23/0256—Gravity bending accelerated by applying mechanical forces, e.g. inertia, weights or local forces
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Description
本專利申請案根據專利法主張於2011年10月13日提出申請的美國臨時專利申請案序號第61/546,687號的優先權權益,該申請案之內容為本案所依據且該申請案之內容以引用方式全部併入本文中。 The present patent application is based on the priority of the U.S. Provisional Patent Application Serial No. 61/546,687, filed on Oct. 13, 2011, the content of which is hereby incorporated by reference. The citations are all incorporated herein.
本發明係一般性關於平面(二維的)玻璃片之熱再成型成為成型的(三維的)玻璃製品。 The present invention relates generally to the thermal reshaping of planar (two-dimensional) glass sheets into shaped (three-dimensional) glass articles.
在再成型平面玻璃片的領域中存在許多的工業活動。目前,這些活動主要是為了製造用於汽車應用(例如擋風玻璃與側窗)以及建築應用(例如用於建築與商業上非電子顯示器的彎曲玻璃)的成型玻璃製品。用於這些應用的再成型製程之典型特徵為有限的玻璃變形、大的曲率半徑(通常大於50 mm)以及厚的玻璃片厚度(通常大於1.5 mm)。 There are many industrial activities in the field of reshaping flat glass sheets. Currently, these activities are primarily for the manufacture of molded glass articles for automotive applications such as windshields and side windows, as well as architectural applications such as curved glass for architectural and commercial non-electronic displays. Typical features of the reshaping process for these applications are limited glass deformation, large radii of curvature (typically greater than 50 mm), and thick glass sheet thickness (typically greater than 1.5 mm).
基於重力下垂的再成型製程是本技術領域中習知的。參見例如美國專利第6 240 746 B1號,「玻璃板彎曲方法及設備」,2001年6月5日[1]。在重力下垂中,玻璃板係定位於支撐玻璃片週邊的環或骨架。然後加熱該系統 到接近玻璃的軟化點之溫度。在重力作用下,玻璃下垂,最終成為所期望的形狀。可使用一些玻璃片區域的差異化加熱來獲得一些無法僅由等溫重力下垂實現的最終形狀。對於一些特殊的形狀,已經開發基於鉸接骨架的更先進技術(參見例如美國專利第4 286 980 A號,「用於形成彎曲玻璃板的方法及設備」,1981年9月1日[2]以及美國專利第5 167 689號,「用於彎曲玻璃片的製程」,1992年12月1日[3])。該想法是使骨架鉸接,以在重力下垂製程期間的某些時間點修改支撐框架的外部形狀,以於最終獲得更複雜的設計,例如較小的局部曲率半徑。 Reshaping processes based on gravity sag are well known in the art. See, for example, U.S. Patent No. 6,240,746 B1, "Method and Apparatus for Glass Bending," June 5, 2001 [1]. In the sag of gravity, the glass sheet is positioned at a ring or skeleton that supports the periphery of the glass sheet. Then heat the system To the temperature near the softening point of the glass. Under the action of gravity, the glass hangs down and eventually becomes the desired shape. Differentiated heating of some areas of the glass sheet can be used to obtain some final shape that cannot be achieved by isothermal gravity sag only. For some special shapes, more advanced techniques based on articulated frames have been developed (see, for example, U.S. Patent No. 4,286,980, "Method and Apparatus for Forming Curved Glass Sheets", September 1, 1981 [2] and U.S. Patent No. 5,167,689, "Process for Bending Glass Sheets," December 1, 1992 [3]). The idea is to articulate the skeleton to modify the outer shape of the support frame at some point during the gravity drop process to ultimately result in a more complex design, such as a smaller local radius of curvature.
基於壓彎的再成型製程在本技術領域中是習知的。參見例如美國專利第6 422 040號,「用於形成玻璃片的方法」[4]及WO 2004 087590 A2,「藉由擠壓和抽吸隆起玻璃片的方法」,2004年10月14日[5]。在壓彎中,玻璃片藉由與中央公模接觸而成型且外部的母模擠壓玻璃的週邊到中央公模。這個製程具有獲得相對較小半徑(例如小至10 mm(參見以上文獻[5]))的曲率以及相對複雜的形狀之能力。 Reshaping processes based on press bending are well known in the art. See, for example, U.S. Patent No. 6,422,040, "Method for Forming Glass Sheets" [4] and WO 2004 087590 A2, "Method of Extruding and Suctioning Glass Sheets", October 14, 2004 [ 5]. In the bending, the glass piece is formed by contact with the central male mold and the outer master mold presses the periphery of the glass to the central male mold. This process has the ability to obtain a relatively small radius (e.g., as small as 10 mm (see reference [5])) and a relatively complex shape.
現今,對高品質的、薄壁的、成型的玻璃製品之興趣正在增長,特別是具有平面區域與彎曲區域的組合之成型玻璃製品,該彎曲區域通常具有高度彎曲的形狀。需要這些複雜的成型玻璃製品來用作便攜式電子裝置(如平板電腦與智慧型手機)之玻璃蓋或門或窗,以及較大的智慧型應用,如電視機與冰箱。這些較新的應用一般 對於成型的玻璃製品有以下要求:在彎曲的區域中有小半徑的曲率(例如小於20 mm)、在平面區域有幾乎完美的平整度與光學品質、可以位於非常靠近玻璃的最外邊緣之彎曲區域以及可以大於90度的彎曲角度。使用諸如以上描述的再成型製程很難實現該等要求。 Today, interest in high quality, thin-walled, formed glass articles is growing, particularly in the form of molded glass articles having a combination of planar and curved regions, which generally have a highly curved shape. These complex shaped glass products are needed for use as glass covers or doors or windows for portable electronic devices such as tablets and smart phones, as well as larger smart applications such as televisions and refrigerators. These newer applications are generally There are requirements for a shaped glass article: a small radius of curvature in the curved region (for example less than 20 mm), an almost perfect flatness and optical quality in the planar region, and a bend that can be located very close to the outermost edge of the glass. The area and the bend angle can be greater than 90 degrees. It is difficult to achieve such requirements using a reshaping process such as that described above.
依據本發明之一個態樣的熱機械再成型方法包含加熱玻璃片材之可再成型區與非可再成型區至第一溫度,該第一溫度對應於第一黏度(步驟(a))。後續局部加熱該可再成型區至第二溫度,該第二溫度對應於第二黏度,其中該第二黏度低於該第一黏度(步驟(b))。在步驟(b)的過程中使用第一形成方法或第二形成方法於該可再成型區中形成預定彎曲(步驟(c))。該第一形成方法包括使第一推桿接觸該非可再成型區,並沿著直線路徑平移該第一推桿,以對該非可再成型區施加推力,而於該可再成型區中形成該預定彎曲(步驟(c1))。該第二形成方法包括使第二推桿接觸該可再成型區之邊緣區域,並沿著圓形路徑旋轉該第二推桿,以對該可再成型區之該邊緣區域施加推力,而於該可再成型區中形成該預定彎曲(步驟(c2))。 A thermomechanical reshaping method in accordance with an aspect of the invention comprises heating a reformable zone and a non-reformable zone of a glass sheet to a first temperature, the first temperature corresponding to a first viscosity (step (a)). Subsequently heating the reformable zone to a second temperature, the second temperature corresponding to the second viscosity, wherein the second viscosity is lower than the first viscosity (step (b)). A predetermined bending is formed in the reformable region using the first forming method or the second forming method in the step (b) (step (c)). The first forming method includes contacting a first push rod with the non-reformable region and translating the first push rod along a linear path to apply a thrust to the non-reformable region, and forming the same in the reformable region The bending is predetermined (step (c1)). The second forming method includes contacting a second push rod with an edge region of the reformable region and rotating the second push rod along a circular path to apply a thrust to the edge region of the reformable region, and The predetermined curvature is formed in the reformable region (step (c2)).
在該熱機械再成型方法之一個實施例中,其中在步驟(c)中使用步驟(c1),在步驟(c1)的過程中使該第一推桿與 該非可再成型區接觸包括使該第一推桿之彎曲表面與該非可再成型區接觸。 In an embodiment of the thermomechanical reforming method, wherein step (c) is used in step (c), the first putter is made during the step (c1) The non-reformable zone contact includes contacting a curved surface of the first pushrod with the non-reformable zone.
在該熱機械再成型方法之一個實施例中,其中在步驟(c)中使用步驟(c2),在步驟(c2)的過程中使該第二推桿與該可再成型區之邊緣區域接觸包括使該可再成型區之邊緣區域與該第二推桿之平面表面接觸。 In an embodiment of the thermomechanical reforming method, wherein step (c) is used in step (c), the second pusher is brought into contact with an edge region of the reformable region during the step (c2) The method includes contacting an edge region of the reformable region with a planar surface of the second push rod.
在該熱機械再成型方法之一個實施例中,在步驟(b)的過程中,容許該可再成型區藉由重力下垂而形成初始彎曲,該初始彎曲具有初始彎曲角度(步驟(d))。 In an embodiment of the thermomechanical reforming method, during the step (b), the reformable region is allowed to form an initial bend by gravity sag, the initial bend having an initial bend angle (step (d)) .
在該熱機械再成型方法之一個實施例中,其中在步驟(c)中使用步驟(c1),步驟(d)在步驟(c1)之前,在步驟(c1)的過程中將該初始彎曲形成為該預定彎曲,以及在步驟(c)結束時該預定彎曲具有最終彎曲角度,該最終彎曲角度大於該初始彎曲角度。 In an embodiment of the thermomechanical reforming method, wherein step (c) is used in step (c), step (d) is formed prior to step (c1), and the initial bending is formed during step (c1) For the predetermined bending, and at the end of step (c) the predetermined bending has a final bending angle that is greater than the initial bending angle.
在該熱機械再成型方法之一個實施例中,其中步驟(d)在步驟(c1)之前,步驟(c1)開始時該初始彎曲角度係在70至90度的範圍中。 In one embodiment of the thermomechanical reforming method, wherein step (d) is prior to step (c1), the initial bending angle at the beginning of step (c1) is in the range of 70 to 90 degrees.
在該熱機械再成型方法之一個實施例中,在該預定彎曲已於步驟(c)中形成之後,容許該可再成型區中之溫度降低至介於該第一溫度與該第二溫度之間的溫度(步驟(e))。在步驟(e)的過程中,使該第一推桿與該非可再成型區保持接觸(其中在步驟(c)中使用步驟(c1))或使該第二推桿與該可再成型區之該邊緣區域保持接觸(其中在步驟(c)中使用步驟(c2))。 In one embodiment of the thermomechanical reforming method, after the predetermined bend has been formed in step (c), allowing the temperature in the reformable zone to decrease to between the first temperature and the second temperature Temperature between (step (e)). In the process of step (e), the first push rod is brought into contact with the non-reformable region (where step (c) is used in step (c)) or the second push rod and the reformable region are The edge region remains in contact (where step (c2) is used in step (c)).
在該熱機械再成型方法之一個實施例中,步驟(c)開始於該可再成型區處於第三溫度之時,該第三溫度對應於第三黏度,該第三黏度至少比該第一黏度低一個數量級,其中該第三溫度係介於該第一溫度與該第二溫度之間。 In one embodiment of the thermomechanical reforming method, step (c) begins when the reformable zone is at a third temperature, and the third temperature corresponds to a third viscosity, the third viscosity being at least greater than the first The viscosity is one order of magnitude lower, wherein the third temperature is between the first temperature and the second temperature.
在該熱機械再成型方法之一個實施例中,在步驟(c)結束時該預定彎曲具有小於20 mm的最終彎曲半徑。 In one embodiment of the thermomechanical reforming method, the predetermined bend has a final bend radius of less than 20 mm at the end of step (c).
在該熱機械再成型方法之一個實施例中,在步驟(c)結束時該預定彎曲具有大於60度的最終彎曲角度。 In one embodiment of the thermomechanical reforming method, the predetermined bend has a final bend angle greater than 60 degrees at the end of step (c).
在該熱機械再成型方法之一個實施例中,其中在步驟(c)中使用步驟(c1),在步驟(c1)結束時該預定彎曲具有大於90度的最終彎曲角度。 In an embodiment of the thermomechanical reforming method, wherein step (c) is used in step (c), the predetermined bend has a final bend angle greater than 90 degrees at the end of step (c1).
在該熱機械再成型方法之一個實施例中,其中在步驟(c)中使用步驟(c2),該預定彎曲係形成於該玻璃片材之最外部邊緣的20 mm內。 In one embodiment of the thermomechanical reshaping method, wherein step (c) is used in step (c), the predetermined bending is formed within 20 mm of the outermost edge of the glass sheet.
在該熱機械再成型方法之一個實施例中,在步驟(a)中加熱的該玻璃片材係以在0.3 mm至1.5 mm範圍中的厚度提供。 In one embodiment of the thermomechanical reforming method, the glass sheet heated in step (a) is provided in a thickness ranging from 0.3 mm to 1.5 mm.
在該熱機械再成型方法之一個實施例中,在步驟(a)中加熱的該玻璃片材係以大於5 ppm/K的熱膨脹係數提供。 In one embodiment of the thermomechanical reforming process, the glass sheet heated in step (a) is provided at a coefficient of thermal expansion greater than 5 ppm/K.
依據本發明之另一個態樣的機械再成型工具包括具有接觸表面的推桿構件,該接觸表面用以接觸片材;與該推桿構件耦接之直線至旋轉的移動導件;以及與該直線 至旋轉的移動導件耦接之致動器。該直線至旋轉的移動導件設以接收直線移動、將該直線移動轉換成旋轉移動以及將該旋轉移動給予該推桿構件。該致動器設以對該直線至旋轉的移動導件提供該直線移動。 A mechanical reshaping tool according to another aspect of the present invention includes a pusher member having a contact surface for contacting a sheet; a linear to rotary moving guide coupled to the pusher member; and straight line An actuator coupled to the rotating moving guide. The linear to rotational moving guide is configured to receive a linear movement, convert the linear movement into a rotational movement, and impart the rotational movement to the pusher member. The actuator is arranged to provide the linear movement of the linear to rotating moving guide.
在該機械再成型工具之一個實施例中,該直線至旋轉的移動導件包含一對間隔開的可樞轉構件,該可樞轉構件與該推桿構件之相對末端耦接。該可樞轉構件之間的間距足夠寬,以接收該片材之邊緣。 In one embodiment of the mechanical reshaping tool, the linear to rotary moving guide includes a pair of spaced apart pivotable members coupled to opposite ends of the pusher member. The spacing between the pivotable members is sufficiently wide to receive the edges of the sheet.
在該機械再成型工具之一個實施例中,該致動器具有可動臂,該可動臂與該可樞轉構件耦接。該可動臂設以傳送來自該致動器之該直線移動至該可樞轉構件。 In one embodiment of the mechanical reshaping tool, the actuator has a movable arm that is coupled to the pivotable member. The movable arm is configured to transmit the linear motion from the actuator to the pivotable member.
在該機械再成型工具之一個實施例中,該直線至旋轉的移動導件進一步包含止擋構件,該止擋構件用以限制該可樞轉構件之樞轉。 In one embodiment of the mechanical reshaping tool, the linear to rotary moving guide further includes a stop member for limiting pivoting of the pivotable member.
在該機械再成型工具之一個實施例中,該推桿構件之該接觸表面為實質上平面的。 In one embodiment of the mechanical reshaping tool, the contact surface of the pusher member is substantially planar.
依據本發明之另一個態樣的熱機械再成型系統包括一或多個加熱器、推桿構件、直線至旋轉的移動導件以及致動器。該一或多個加熱器用於選擇性地加熱玻璃片材之區域。該推桿構件具有接觸表面,該接觸表面用於在選擇的區域接觸該玻璃片材。該直線至旋轉的移動導件耦接至該推桿構件並設以接收直線移動、將該直線移動轉換成旋轉移動以及將該旋轉移動給予該推桿構件。該致動器耦接至該直線至旋轉的移動導件並設以對該直線 至旋轉的移動導件提供該直線移動。 A thermomechanical reshaping system in accordance with another aspect of the present invention includes one or more heaters, pusher members, linear to rotary moving guides, and actuators. The one or more heaters are used to selectively heat the area of the glass sheet. The pusher member has a contact surface for contacting the glass sheet at a selected area. The linear to rotary moving guide is coupled to the pusher member and is configured to receive a linear movement, convert the linear movement into a rotational movement, and impart the rotational movement to the pusher member. The actuator is coupled to the straight line to the rotating moving guide and is disposed to the straight line The moving guide to the rotation provides this linear movement.
應瞭解到,前面的一般性描述與下面的實施方式皆為本發明之例示,並且意圖提供用以瞭解本發明(如所主張的)之性質與特性的概述或架構。附圖被包括以提供對本發明的進一步瞭解,並且附圖被併入本說明書並構成本說明書之一部分。附圖圖示本發明之各種實施例,並與實施方式一起用於說明本發明之原理與操作。 It is to be understood that the foregoing general description and the following embodiments are illustrative of the invention, and are intended to provide an overview or an understanding of the nature and characteristics of the invention (as claimed). The drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in The drawings illustrate various embodiments of the invention and, together with the embodiments
在以下的實施方式中,可以提出許多具體的細節,以便提供對本發明的實施例之透徹瞭解。然而,對於本技術領域中具有通常知識者而言,何時可在沒有一些或全部這些具體細節的情況下實施本發明的實施例將是清楚的。在其他情況下,可不詳細描述熟知的特徵或製程,以免不必要地混淆本發明。此外,可以使用類似或相同的參照符號,以識別共同的或類似的元件。 In the following embodiments, numerous specific details are set forth to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the invention. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the embodiments of the invention may be practiced without the specific details. In other instances, well-known features or processes may not be described in detail to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the invention. In addition, similar or identical reference symbols may be used to identify common or similar elements.
本文中係揭示用於使玻璃片材再成型成為具有平面與彎曲區域的成型製品之熱機械方法。在一個實施例中,該玻璃材料為玻璃。在另一個實施例中,該玻璃材料為玻璃陶瓷。在一個實施例中,該玻璃片材是薄的,例如具有在0.3 mm至1.5 mm範圍中的厚度。在一個實施例中,該玻璃片材的熱膨脹係數係大於5 ppm/K。用作該玻璃材料的合適玻璃之實例為GORILLA®玻璃, GORILLA®玻璃可向紐約的康寧公司取得。在一些實施例中,該合適玻璃為可離子交換玻璃是需要的,其中該可離子交換玻璃的結構中含有小的鹼金屬或鹼土金屬離子,該等小的鹼金屬或鹼土金屬離子可與較大的鹼金屬或鹼土金屬離子交換。 A thermomechanical method for reshaping a glass sheet into a shaped article having planar and curved regions is disclosed herein. In one embodiment, the glass material is glass. In another embodiment, the glass material is a glass ceramic. In one embodiment, the glass sheet is thin, for example having a thickness in the range of 0.3 mm to 1.5 mm. In one embodiment, the glass sheet has a coefficient of thermal expansion greater than 5 ppm/K. An example of a suitable glass for use as the glass material is GORILLA® glass. GORILLA® glass is available from Corning Incorporated in New York. In some embodiments, the suitable glass is ion exchangeable glass, wherein the structure of the ion exchangeable glass contains small alkali or alkaline earth metal ions, and such small alkali or alkaline earth metal ions can be compared Large alkali or alkaline earth metal ion exchange.
所提供的玻璃片材是一種平面玻璃片材。這種平面的片可以使用任何適當的、生產平面玻璃片材的方法來生產,諸如溢流熔融下拉製程或浮式製程。玻璃片材具有至少一可再成型區及至少一非可再成型區。此處的用語「非可再成型區」並非意指該區域無法被再成型,而是該區域將不會或不被再成型。可再成型區的玻璃材料組成通常與非可再成型區的玻璃材料組成相同。然而,可再成型區與非可再成型區的玻璃材料組成有所差異也是可能的,例如假使需要可再成型區或非可再成型區應具有特殊的性質。一般來說,可再成型區與非可再成型區將是連續的,而且每個可再成型區與至少一非可再成型區為鄰。玻璃片材上的可再成型與非可再成型區之數量與位置將取決於所需的成型製品之最終形狀。 The glass sheet provided is a flat glass sheet. Such planar sheets can be produced using any suitable method of producing flat glass sheets, such as an overflow melt down draw process or a floating process. The glass sheet has at least one reformable zone and at least one non-reformable zone. The term "non-reformable zone" as used herein does not mean that the zone cannot be reshaped, but that the zone will not or will not be reshaped. The glass material composition of the reformable zone is generally the same as the composition of the glass material of the non-reformable zone. However, it is also possible that the composition of the glass material of the reformable zone and the non-reformable zone differs, for example, if a reformable zone or a non-reformable zone is required, it should have special properties. Generally, the reformable zone and the non-reformable zone will be continuous, and each reformable zone will be adjacent to at least one non-reformable zone. The number and location of the reformable and non-reformable regions on the glass sheet will depend on the desired shape of the shaped article.
為了說明的目的,第1a圖圖示玻璃片材100之實例,玻璃片材100具有可再成型區102與非可再成型區104、106。第1b圖圖示玻璃片材100a之實例,玻璃片材100a具有可再成型區102a與非可再成型區106a。第1a圖的可再成型區102相對於玻璃片材100的邊緣101位於內側。另一方面,第1b圖的可再成型區相對於玻璃片材 100a的邊緣101a位於邊緣。如稍後將圖示的,可再成型區102、102a在玻璃片材100、100a上的位置會分別與可再成型區如何進行機械再成型有關。 For purposes of illustration, FIG. 1a illustrates an example of a glass sheet 100 having a reformable region 102 and non-reformable regions 104, 106. Figure 1b illustrates an example of a glass sheet 100a having a reformable region 102a and a non-reformable region 106a. The reformable region 102 of Figure 1a is located on the inside relative to the edge 101 of the glass sheet 100. On the other hand, the reformable zone of Figure 1b is relative to the glass sheet The edge 101a of 100a is located at the edge. As will be illustrated later, the position of the reformable regions 102, 102a on the glass sheets 100, 100a will be associated with how the reformable regions are mechanically reshaped, respectively.
最初,由於玻璃片材(例如在第1a圖中的100、在第1b圖中的100a)是平面的,故可再成型區(例如在第1a圖中的102、在第1b圖中的102a)與非可再成型區(例如在第1a圖中的104、106、在第1b圖中的106a)也將是平面的。之後,可再成型區將被形成為三維的形狀並且將不再是平面的,但是非可再成型區將仍為平面的。典型地,三維的形狀將包括至少一具有預定的曲率半徑之彎曲。預定的曲率半徑將取決於所需的成型製品之最終形狀。在一個實施例中,在可再成型區中形成小的曲率半徑,例如小於20 mm。在一個實施例中,在可再成型區中形成的最終彎曲角度係大於60度。在另一個實施例中,在可再成型區中形成的最終彎曲角度係大於90度。在一個實施例中,可再成型區位於邊緣,而且在位於邊緣的可再成型區中形成的彎曲非常靠近含有位於邊緣的可再成型區之玻璃片材邊緣,例如在玻璃片材邊緣的20 mm以內。 Initially, since the glass sheet (for example, 100 in Fig. 1a, 100a in Fig. 1b) is planar, the reformable region (for example, 102 in Fig. 1a, 102a in Fig. 1b) The non-reformable regions (e.g., 104, 106 in Figure 1a, 106a in Figure 1b) will also be planar. Thereafter, the reformable zone will be formed into a three-dimensional shape and will no longer be planar, but the non-reformable zone will remain planar. Typically, the three dimensional shape will include at least one bend having a predetermined radius of curvature. The predetermined radius of curvature will depend on the final shape of the desired shaped article. In one embodiment, a small radius of curvature is formed in the reformable zone, such as less than 20 mm. In one embodiment, the final bend angle formed in the reformable zone is greater than 60 degrees. In another embodiment, the final bend angle formed in the reformable zone is greater than 90 degrees. In one embodiment, the reformable zone is located at the edge and the bend formed in the reconfigurable zone at the edge is very close to the edge of the glass sheet containing the reformable zone at the edge, such as at the edge of the glass sheet. Within mm.
為了製作成型製品,將如第1a圖或第1b圖中圖示的玻璃片材放置於支座上。該放置使得包括可再成型區的一部分玻璃片材懸於支座。為了說明的目的,第2a圖圖示在支座200上的玻璃片材100。在一個實施例中,支座200具有平面的支撐表面202,支撐表面202用於支 撐玻璃片材100。將玻璃片材100放置於支撐表面202上,使得可再成型區102與非可再成型區104懸於支座200。非可再成型區104在可再成型區102的外側,並且位於玻璃片材100的邊緣上,這使得非可再成型區104適合用於機械接觸而在可再成型區102中形成彎曲。與玻璃材料接觸的支撐表面202較佳是由耐高溫材料製成或塗覆或鍍有耐高溫材料。該種耐高溫材料的實例包括陶瓷、玻璃陶瓷、耐火合金以及超合金,如INCONEL 600與INCONEL 718。 In order to produce a shaped article, a glass sheet as illustrated in Fig. 1a or Fig. 1b is placed on a support. This placement causes a portion of the glass sheet comprising the reformable region to be suspended from the support. For purposes of illustration, Figure 2a illustrates a glass sheet 100 on a support 200. In one embodiment, the support 200 has a planar support surface 202 for supporting the support surface 202 The glass sheet 100 is supported. The glass sheet 100 is placed on the support surface 202 such that the reformable region 102 and the non-reformable region 104 are suspended from the support 200. The non-reformable zone 104 is outside the reformable zone 102 and is located on the edge of the glass sheet 100, which makes the non-reformable zone 104 suitable for mechanical contact to form a bend in the reformable zone 102. The support surface 202 in contact with the glass material is preferably made of a refractory material or coated or plated with a refractory material. Examples of such high temperature resistant materials include ceramics, glass ceramics, refractory alloys, and superalloys such as INCONEL 600 and INCONEL 718.
可將止擋204放置在鄰接支座200處或與支座200整合。止擋204具有止擋表面206,止擋表面206與可再成型區102成相對關係。然而,止擋表面206偏移支撐表面202一段距離,以使可再成型區102被加熱到再成型溫度時有向下彎曲的空間。在本實施例中,止擋表面邊緣208可以發揮限制彎曲程度的功能。止擋204可以由與支座200相同的材料製成。止擋表面206或可能會與非可再成型區104或可再成型區102接觸的止擋表面邊緣208可以由如上所述用於支撐表面202的耐高溫材料製成或塗覆或鍍有該耐高溫材料。 The stop 204 can be placed at or adjacent to the abutment 200. The stop 204 has a stop surface 206 that is in opposing relationship with the reformable region 102. However, the stop surface 206 is offset from the support surface 202 by a distance such that the reformable region 102 has a downwardly curved space when heated to the reshaping temperature. In the present embodiment, the stop surface edge 208 can function to limit the degree of bending. The stop 204 can be made of the same material as the holder 200. The stop surface 206 or the stop surface edge 208 that may contact the non-reformable zone 104 or the reformable zone 102 may be made of or coated or plated with a refractory material for the support surface 202 as described above. High temperature resistant materials.
第3圖圖示用於從玻璃片材100製造成型製品之典型處理順序。線300圖示在再成型製程期間於可再成型區102中的溫度進程,而線302圖示在再成型製程期間機械再成型何時開啟或關閉。在時間t0之前,將玻璃片材100(在第2b圖中)的可再成型區102(在第2b圖中) 與非可再成型區104、106(在第2b圖中),即整個玻璃片材100加熱到溫度T0。第2b圖圖示加熱器210導熱至整個玻璃片材100。加熱器210可以是任何能夠可控制地輸送熱量到玻璃片材100的加熱器,諸如氣體燃燒器、電阻型燈絲以及電漿炬。 FIG. 3 illustrates a typical processing sequence for manufacturing a shaped article from the glass sheet 100. Line 300 illustrates the temperature progression in reformable zone 102 during the reshaping process, while line 302 illustrates when mechanical reshaping is turned on or off during the reshaping process. Prior to time t 0 , the reformable zone 102 (in Figure 2b) of the glass sheet 100 (in Figure 2b) and the non-reformable zones 104, 106 (in Figure 2b), ie the entire The glass sheet 100 is heated to a temperature T 0 . Figure 2b illustrates heater 210 conducting heat to the entire glass sheet 100. The heater 210 can be any heater capable of controllably delivering heat to the glass sheet 100, such as a gas burner, a resistive filament, and a plasma torch.
在第3圖中,並沒有指定溫度T0的數值或值的範圍。這是因為溫度T0的值將取決於玻璃片材100(在第2b圖中)之組成。然而,在本技術領域中具有通常知識者將知道如何基於以下對溫度T0的另外描述來選擇溫度T0。較佳地,溫度T0足夠低以避免玻璃片材100變形或在玻璃片材100中形成光學品質缺陷,但溫度T0足夠高以避免玻璃片材100由於可再成型區102隨後被局部加熱時產生擴張不匹配而破損。在一個實施例中,該玻璃材料在溫度T0的黏度為大於6 x 109泊。在另一個實施例中,該玻璃材料在溫度T0的黏度為大於6 x 109泊、但不大於1012泊。 In Fig. 3, the value of the temperature T 0 or the range of values is not specified. This is because the value of temperature T 0 will depend on the composition of the glass sheet 100 (in Figure 2b). However, those having ordinary skill will know how to select the temperature of the temperature T 0 T 0 otherwise described in the art based. Preferably, the temperature T 0 is low enough to avoid deformation of the glass sheet 100 or 100 is formed in the optical quality defects in the glass sheet, the temperature T 0 is high enough to prevent the glass sheet 100 due to the re-forming region 102 is then locally heated When the expansion does not match and breaks. In one embodiment, the glass material has a viscosity at temperature T 0 greater than 6 x 10 9 poise. In another embodiment, the glass material has a viscosity at temperature T 0 greater than 6 x 10 9 poise but no greater than 10 12 poise.
從時間t0到時間t1到時間t2,局部加熱可再成型區102(在第2c圖中),並且可再成型區102的溫度從在時間t0的溫度T0到時間t1的溫度T1再到時間t2的溫度T2,其中T0<T1<T2。從時間t2到時間t3,關閉對可再成型區102的局部加熱,並且可再成型區102的溫度從在時間t2的溫度T2降到在時間t3時溫度介於T0與T2之間。在時間t3時介於T0與T2之間的這個溫度可為溫度T1或接近溫度T1。 From time t 0 to the times t 1 to time t 2, the local heating may be re-forming region 102 temperature (in the first 2c drawing), and re-forming region 102 from the time t a temperature of 0 T 0 of the times t 1 of The temperature T 1 is again at a temperature T 2 of time t 2 , where T 0 < T 1 < T 2 . From the time t 2 to time t. 3, localized heating of the closed region 102 can be reshaped, and re-forming temperature region from 102 at time t 2 T 2 of the temperature drop at the time t between the temperature T 0. 3 and Between T 2 . This temperature between T 0 and T 2 at time t 3 may be temperature T 1 or close to temperature T 1 .
對於介於時間t0與時間t2之間的任何時間t,在非可再成型區104、106(在第2c圖中)的溫度為低於可再成型區102中的溫度。較佳地,從時間t0到時間t2,在非可再成型區104、106的平均溫度約等於或接近溫度T0。舉例來說,該平均溫度可在T0 +/- 15℃以內。這可能意味著非可再成型區104、106未被加熱,或者非可再成型區104、106被局部加熱以將非可再成型區104、106之溫度維持在溫度T0或接近溫度T0。在時間t2之後,可再成型區102(在第2c圖中)的溫度開始下降,並且最終將會趨近於非可再成型區104、106的溫度(例如溫度T0)。 For any time between time t 0 and time t 2 is t, then the non-molding temperature region 104 (in FIG. 2c.) Is lower than the molding temperature and then in the region 102. Preferably, from time t 0 to time t 2 , the average temperature in the non-reformable regions 104, 106 is approximately equal to or near the temperature T 0 . For example, the average temperature can be within T 0 +/- 15 ° C. This may mean that a non-re forming region 104 is not heated, or may be non-shaped regions 104, 106 are then locally heated to the temperature of the non-forming region 104, and then the temperature is maintained at a temperature close to T 0 or T 0 . After time t 2, the temperature of re-forming region 102 (in FIG. 2c.) Starts to fall and eventually approaches the temperature (e.g., temperature T 0) a non-forming region 104, 106 again.
第2c圖圖示加熱器212(若需要的話可以使用複數個加熱器)在時間t0到時間t2(在第3圖中)導熱至可再成型區102。較佳地,加熱器212設以提供集中的加熱至可再成型區102,從而可以如上所述在時間t0到時間t2維持可再成型區102與非可再成型區104、106之間的所需溫度差異化。使用這種在可再成型與非可再成型區之間的溫度差異化以及從而在可再成型與非可再成型區之間產生的玻璃材料黏度中的差異化來限制可再成型區102的玻璃材料之任何變形。作為實例,這種集中加熱可以是氣體燃燒器所提供的對流加熱,該氣體燃燒器具有用以集中來自該氣體燃燒器的熱之噴嘴,或者這種集中加熱可以是電阻加熱器所提供的輻射加熱,該電阻加熱器具有光學元件,如耐高溫的橢圓鏡,以集中來自該 電阻加熱器的熱。也可以使用除了以上提到的那些之外其他的集中加熱配置。 FIG. 2c illustrates a second heater 212 (if desired, a plurality of heaters may be used) at time t 0 to time t 2 (In Fig. 3) to the thermally conductive region 102 can be reshaped. Preferably, the heater 212 is provided between the heated concentrated to provide a re-forming region 102, can be as described above at time t 0 to time t 2 may be reshaped maintaining region 102 and a non-forming region 104, and then The required temperature is differentiated. Limiting the temperature differential between the reformable and non-reformable regions and thereby the difference in viscosity of the glass material produced between the reformable and non-reformable regions limits the reformable region 102. Any deformation of the glass material. As an example, such concentrated heating may be convection heating provided by a gas burner having a nozzle for concentrating heat from the gas burner, or such concentrated heating may be radiant heating provided by an electric resistance heater The electric resistance heater has an optical element such as a high temperature resistant elliptical mirror to concentrate heat from the electric resistance heater. It is also possible to use a centralized heating configuration other than those mentioned above.
可再成型區102的再成型在時間t0到時間t3發生(在第3圖中)。從時間t0到時間t1(在第3圖中),可再成型區102的再成型僅僅是由於熱的影響。在此期間,由於重力的作用可再成型區102可能開始下垂。在時間t1,當可再成型區102處於溫度T1時,添加機械影響到可再成型區102的再成型。對於具有位於內側的可再成型區102之片材100,機械再成型涉及以推桿接觸非可再成型區104並推進非可再成型區104,以在可再成型區102中產生預定的彎曲。假使由於下垂已經在可再成型區102中形成彎曲,則機械再成型將增加彎曲角度至預定或期望的彎曲角度。以這種機械再成型(將在下面進一步描述)可以實現相當大的彎曲角度,如大於90度的彎曲角度。當可再成型區位於邊緣時,使用不同的策略於機械再成型。這種不同的策略也將在下面描述。 Re-forming region 102 is formed again at time t 0 to time T 3 occurs (In Fig. 3). From time t 0 to time t 1 (in FIG. 3), the reforming of the reformable region 102 is only due to the influence of heat. During this time, the reformable zone 102 may begin to sag due to the action of gravity. At time t 1 , when the reformable zone 102 is at temperature T 1 , the addition mechanical influences the reshaping of the reformable zone 102 . For sheet 100 having a reformable region 102 on the inside, mechanical resharing involves contacting the non-reformable region 104 with a pusher and advancing the non-reformable region 104 to create a predetermined bend in the reformable region 102. . If the bend has been formed in the reformable zone 102 due to sagging, mechanical reshaping will increase the bend angle to a predetermined or desired bend angle. With such mechanical reshaping (described further below), a substantial bending angle, such as a bending angle greater than 90 degrees, can be achieved. Different strategies are used for mechanical reshaping when the reformable zone is at the edge. This different strategy will also be described below.
在第3圖中,並沒有指定溫度T1的數值或值的範圍,因為溫度T1將取決於玻璃材料的組成以及在機械再成型之前在可再成型區102中是否需要任何的玻璃實質下垂(在第2c圖中)。然而,在本技術領域中具有通常知識者將能夠基於以下對溫度T1的另外描述來決定溫度T1。溫度T1足夠高以容許可再成型區102的變形。該玻璃材料在溫度T1的黏度至少比該玻璃材料在溫度T0的黏度低一個數量級(即至少10倍),此可將玻璃材料的 變形實質地限制於可再成型區102,假使非可再成型區104、106(在第2c圖中)被保持在溫度T0或接近溫度T0。在一個實施例中,該玻璃材料在溫度T1的黏度為不大於109泊。在另一個實施例中,該玻璃材料的黏度在108泊至109泊之範圍中。在另一個實施例中,溫度T1在該玻璃材料的形成溫度範圍中。在另一個實施例中,溫度T1係介於該玻璃材料的軟化點與退火點之間。在另一個實施例中,溫度T1係至少低於該玻璃材料的軟化點10℃。 In Figure 3, the value of the temperature T 1 or the range of values is not specified, since the temperature T 1 will depend on the composition of the glass material and whether any glass substantial sagging is required in the reformable zone 102 prior to mechanical reshaping. (in Figure 2c). However, having ordinary skill will be able to temperature T 1 to temperature T or less is further determined based on one described in the art. The temperature T 1 is sufficiently high to allow for deformation of the reformable region 102. The viscosity of the glass material at temperature T 1 is at least an order of magnitude lower than the viscosity of the glass material at temperature T 0 (ie, at least 10 times), which substantially limits the deformation of the glass material to the reformable region 102, if not then forming region 104 (in FIG. 2c.) is maintained at a temperature near the temperature T 0 or T 0. In one embodiment, the glass material has a viscosity at temperature T 1 of no greater than 10 9 poise. In another embodiment, the glass material has a viscosity in the range of from 10 8 poise to 10 9 poise. In another embodiment, the temperature T 1 is in the formation temperature range of the glass material. In another embodiment, the temperature T 1 is between the softening point of the glass material and the annealing point. In another embodiment, the temperature T 1 is at least 10 ° C below the softening point of the glass material.
從時間t2到時間t3,關閉對可再成型區102(在第2c圖中)的局部加熱,並使可再成型區102的溫度從溫度T2降至溫度T1(或接近溫度T1)。(溫度T2具有與上述溫度T1相同的性質,兩者不同之處僅在於溫度T2大於溫度T1。)機械再成型從時間t2持續到時間t3,即使此時已關閉局部加熱。然而,這個部份的機械再成型涉及握持非可再成型區104而非推進非可再成型區104。在此握持的過程中,強化了在可再成型區102中形成的彎曲。在時間t3之後,使可再成型區102的溫度下降到溫度T0或降到與非可再成型區104、106相同的溫度。 From time t 2 to time t 3 , local heating of the reformable zone 102 (in Figure 2c) is turned off and the temperature of the reformable zone 102 is lowered from temperature T 2 to temperature T 1 (or near temperature T) 1 ). (Temperature T 2 has the same properties as temperature T 1 described above, except that temperature T 2 is greater than temperature T 1 .) Mechanical reshaping continues from time t 2 to time t 3 , even if local heating is turned off at this time . However, mechanical reshaping of this portion involves holding the non-reformable region 104 rather than advancing the non-reformable region 104. During this grip, the bend formed in the reformable zone 102 is reinforced. After time t 3, the temperature was re-forming region 102 drops down to a temperature T 0 or the same as the non-forming region 104, and then the temperature.
在時間t3之後,可將在可再成型區102中具有預定彎曲的玻璃片材描述為成型製品。可容許該成型製品進一步冷卻至低於溫度T0的溫度。可容許該成型製品進一步冷卻至該玻璃材料的黏度為約1013泊或更大的溫度。在此冷卻之後,可以對該成型製品施加各種製程。舉例來 說,可以對該成型製品進行退火。可以對該成型製品的邊緣進行最後加工、修剪或輪廓修整,以實現最終的尺寸或形狀。可使該成型製品接受離子交換製程以進行強化。可施加防污塗層於該成型製品的表面上。 T after the glass sheet 3 may be curved in a predetermined forming area 102 may be further described as a shaped article at a time. The shaped article can be allowed to further cool to a temperature below the temperature T 0 . The shaped article may be further cooled to a temperature at which the glass material has a viscosity of about 10 13 poise or more. After this cooling, various processes can be applied to the shaped article. For example, the shaped article can be annealed. The edges of the shaped article can be finally machined, trimmed or contoured to achieve the final size or shape. The shaped article can be subjected to an ion exchange process for strengthening. An antifouling coating can be applied to the surface of the shaped article.
第4a圖圖示機械再成型工具400,機械再成型工具400用於機械再成型玻璃片材之位於內側的可再成型區,如第1a圖中的可再成型區102。機械再成型工具400包括彎曲的接觸推桿402。在一個實施例中,彎曲的接觸推桿402具有細長的推桿主體404,推桿主體404具有用於接觸玻璃片材的彎曲表面405。在一個實施例中,彎曲表面405是凸的。彎曲表面405是由在再成型溫度下不會黏著於玻璃材料的材料所製成或電鍍的。這可能是與上述用於支座200(在第2a圖中)相同類型的耐高溫材料。 Figure 4a illustrates a mechanical reshaping tool 400 for mechanically reshaping the internally deformable region of the glass sheet, such as the reformable region 102 of Figure 1a. Mechanical reshaping tool 400 includes a curved contact pusher 402. In one embodiment, the curved contact pusher 402 has an elongated pusher body 404 having a curved surface 405 for contacting the glass sheet. In one embodiment, the curved surface 405 is convex. The curved surface 405 is made or plated from a material that does not adhere to the glass material at the reshaping temperature. This may be the same type of refractory material as described above for the holder 200 (in Figure 2a).
機械再成型工具400包括具有可動臂410的致動器408。叉腳412、414耦接可動臂410至細長的推桿主體404之相對側。叉腳412、414與細長的推桿主體404之間的接合可以是固定的或可轉動的。可以控制致動器408來伸長推桿402以接觸玻璃片材的表面,然後施力到玻璃片材的表面。這個力可用以在玻璃片材的可再成型區中形成彎曲。在一個實施例中,致動器408為線性致動器,使得推桿402在先前提及的推桿402伸長過程中沿著直線路徑前進。致動器408與可動臂410構成直線的力控制系統,並且可以各種不同的方式實施。舉例來說, 致動器408與可動臂410可以是氣壓缸。 Mechanical reshaping tool 400 includes an actuator 408 having a movable arm 410. The prongs 412, 414 are coupled to the opposite side of the movable arm 410 to the elongated pusher body 404. The engagement between the prongs 412, 414 and the elongated pusher body 404 can be fixed or rotatable. The actuator 408 can be controlled to extend the push rod 402 to contact the surface of the glass sheet and then apply force to the surface of the glass sheet. This force can be used to create a bend in the reformable area of the glass sheet. In one embodiment, the actuator 408 is a linear actuator such that the push rod 402 advances along a linear path during the elongation of the previously mentioned push rod 402. Actuator 408 and movable arm 410 form a linear force control system and can be implemented in a variety of different manners. for example, The actuator 408 and the movable arm 410 may be pneumatic cylinders.
第4b圖和第4c圖圖示如何使用機械再成型工具400來於可再成型區102中形成彎曲。在一個實施例中,在時間t1(在第3圖中),由於重力的作用可再成型區102已經下垂,而且由於下垂,可再成型區102中已經形成初始彎曲120。在一個實施例中,此初始彎曲120可具有在約70度至約90度的範圍中之初始彎曲角度122。機械再成型在時間t1或之後藉由使推桿402與非可再成型區104成相對關係然後與非可再成型區104接觸而開始。致動器可動臂410沿直線路徑的額外伸展保持推桿接觸表面405與非可再成型區104之間的接觸並對非可再成型區104施加推力。當施加推力到非可再成型區104時,在可再成型區102中的彎曲角度便增加。 FIGS. 4b and 4c illustrate how the mechanical reshaping tool 400 can be used to form a bend in the reformable region 102. In one embodiment, at time t 1 (In Fig. 3), due to gravity can be re-shaped zone 102 has drooping, sagging and because, re-forming region 102 has formed an initial bend 120. In one embodiment, this initial bend 120 can have an initial bend angle 122 in the range of from about 70 degrees to about 90 degrees. Mechanical reshaping or after the time t 1 by the push rod 402 in opposing relation to non-re forming region 104 and into contact with the non-forming area 104 is started again. The additional extension of the actuator movable arm 410 along the linear path maintains contact between the push rod contact surface 405 and the non-reformable region 104 and applies a thrust to the non-reformable region 104. When a thrust is applied to the non-reformable zone 104, the angle of curvature in the reformable zone 102 increases.
第4c圖圖示致動器408使推桿402對著非可再成型區104沿直線路徑前進,直到可再成型區102中形成預定的彎曲角度124。選擇時間t2(在第3圖中)為可再成型區102中可形成預定的彎曲角度124之時。在時間t2,致動器408停止使推桿402對著非可再成型區104前進,例如藉由停止可動臂410的進一步伸展或驅動。從時間t2到時間t3(在第3圖中),致動器408保持推桿402與非可再成型區104接觸,從而施加阻力於非可再成型區104。這種阻力不會導致可再成型區102中額外的彎曲。同時,關閉對可再成型區102的加熱。到時間t3,可再成型區102已冷卻到足以保持預定的彎曲角度 124。在時間t3,致動器408移除推桿402與非可再成型區104的接觸,例如藉由縮回可動臂410。 4c illustrates the actuator 408 advancing the push rod 402 in a linear path against the non-reformable region 104 until a predetermined bend angle 124 is formed in the reformable region 102. The selection time t 2 (in FIG. 3) is when a predetermined bending angle 124 can be formed in the reformable region 102. At time t 2 , the actuator 408 stops advancing the push rod 402 against the non-reformable region 104, such as by stopping further extension or actuation of the movable arm 410. T 2 to time T 3 (in FIG. 3), the actuator 408 to maintain the push rod 402 in contact with the non-reshaped region 104, 104 to apply a resistance to the non-forming region from another time. This resistance does not result in additional bending in the reformable zone 102. At the same time, the heating of the reformable zone 102 is turned off. To time t 3, the forming section 102 may be further cooled to a predetermined bending angle sufficient to maintain 124. At time t 3, the actuator 408 contacts the push rod 402 and the non-removable rechargeable forming region 104, for example, by the movable arm 410 is retracted.
在時間t1時(在第3圖中),當可再成型區102中沒有初始彎曲或只有小的彎曲時,也可使用上述的機械再成型工具400來於可再成型區102中形成彎曲。然而,在此情況下為了形成大的彎曲角度,可能有必要在推桿402對著非可再成型區104前進期間的一些時間點上重新定位致動器408,以避免可動臂410或致動器408的其他部分碰觸片材100。在一個實例中,這樣的重新定位可以藉由將致動器408安裝在旋轉台階(例如在第4d圖中的420)上而自動實現,使得致動器408在時間t1至t3期間(在第3圖中)視需要沿著彎曲的路徑前進。在致動器408沿著彎曲路徑的每個位置上,致動器408通過可動臂410提供給推桿402的移動仍將會沿著直線的路徑。 At time t 1 (in FIG. 3), the mechanical reshaping tool 400 described above can also be used to form a bend in the reformable region 102 when there is no initial bend or only a small bend in the reformable region 102. . However, in this case, in order to create a large bending angle, it may be necessary to reposition the actuator 408 at some point during the advancement of the push rod 402 toward the non-reformable region 104 to avoid the movable arm 410 or actuation. The other portion of the 408 touches the sheet 100. In one example, this can be repositioned by the actuator 408 mounted on the rotating step (e.g., 420 of FIG. 4d) and automatically, so that the actuator 4081 during the time t to t. 3 ( In Figure 3, proceed along the curved path as needed. At each position of the actuator 408 along the curved path, the actuator 408 is provided by the movable arm 410 to the path of the push rod 402 that will still follow a straight line.
第5a圖圖示另一個用於玻璃片材的機械再成型之機械再成型工具500。機械再成型工具500包括平面接觸推桿502、致動器504以及直線至旋轉的移動導件506,直線至旋轉的移動導件506從致動器504取得直線移動,並將該直線移動轉換成平面接觸推桿502的旋轉移動,使平面接觸推桿502能夠沿著圓形路徑前進而給予可再成型區中的玻璃片材彎曲。 Figure 5a illustrates another mechanical reshaping tool 500 for mechanical reshaping of glass sheets. The mechanical reshaping tool 500 includes a planar contact pusher 502, an actuator 504, and a linear to rotational moving guide 506 that linearly moves from the actuator 504 and converts the linear motion into The rotational movement of the planar contact pusher 502 enables the planar contact pusher 502 to advance along a circular path to impart bending to the glass sheet in the reformable zone.
在一個實施例中,平面接觸推桿502具有細長主體505,細長主體505具有平面底表面505a(在第5b圖中 更好看到),平面底表面505a用於接觸玻璃片材。一般來說,平面底表面505a應該是窄的,使得與玻璃片材的接觸可被最小化。細長主體505的前緣505b與後緣505c可以各有圓形的形狀,如圖示,或者每個可以具有不同的形狀,例如平面或傾斜的形狀。細長主體505的頂表面505d可具有平面的形狀,如圖示,或者可以具有不同的形狀,例如彎曲的或傾斜的形狀。在替代的實施例中,機械再成型工具500可以包括非平面接觸推桿來替代平面接觸推桿502。舉例來說,也可以使用彎曲的接觸推桿(如在第4a圖中圖示於402)來取代平面接觸推桿502。 In one embodiment, the planar contact pusher 502 has an elongated body 505 having a planar bottom surface 505a (in Figure 5b) Better to see), the planar bottom surface 505a is used to contact the glass sheet. In general, the planar bottom surface 505a should be narrow so that contact with the glass sheet can be minimized. The leading edge 505b and the trailing edge 505c of the elongated body 505 can each have a circular shape, as shown, or each can have a different shape, such as a planar or slanted shape. The top surface 505d of the elongated body 505 can have a planar shape, as shown, or can have a different shape, such as a curved or slanted shape. In an alternate embodiment, the mechanical reshaping tool 500 can include a non-planar contact pusher instead of the planar contact pusher 502. For example, a curved contact pusher (as illustrated at 402 in Figure 4a) can also be used in place of the planar contact pusher 502.
直線至旋轉的移動導件506具有支座510、512,支座510、512間隔充足的距離,以容許支座510、512之間可接收玻璃片材的邊緣。導件506具有有角度的托架514、516。有角度的托架之角518、520藉由樞轉接頭522、524與支座510、512耦接。有角度的托架514、516之腳526、528牢固地附接於細長主體505的末端530、532,例如藉由將細長主體的末端530、532組裝進入腳526、528中的狹縫。支座使得在有角度的托架514、516之中間位置中,推桿502之平面底表面505a平行於支座510、512之基部534、536。 The linear to rotary moving guide 506 has abutments 510, 512 that are spaced a sufficient distance to allow the edges of the glass sheets to be received between the supports 510, 512. Guide 506 has angled brackets 514, 516. The angled bracket corners 518, 520 are coupled to the mounts 510, 512 by pivot joints 522, 524. The angled brackets 514, 516 feet 526, 528 are securely attached to the ends 530, 532 of the elongated body 505, such as by assembling the ends 530, 532 of the elongated body into the slots in the feet 526, 528. The mount is such that in the intermediate position of the angled brackets 514, 516, the planar bottom surface 505a of the push rod 502 is parallel to the bases 534, 536 of the mounts 510, 512.
致動器504具有可動臂538,可動臂538牢固地附接於軛件544。軛件544的叉腳546、548經由樞轉接頭(在圖中只可見到樞轉接頭548(第5b圖))與腳540、542耦接。可動臂538在朝向支座510、512的方向上之直線 移動沿著圓形路徑移動有角度的托架514、516,且有角度的托架514、516之旋轉中心在樞轉點522、524。由於推桿502耦接於有角度的托架514、516,故推桿502隨著有角度的托架514、516在圓形路徑移動。可動臂538可以持續直線移動,致使推桿502沿著圓形路徑移動。 The actuator 504 has a movable arm 538 to which the movable arm 538 is securely attached. The prongs 546, 548 of the yoke 544 are coupled to the feet 540, 542 via a pivot joint (only the pivot joint 548 (Fig. 5b) is visible in the figures). The straight line of the movable arm 538 in the direction toward the holders 510, 512 The movement moves the angled brackets 514, 516 along a circular path, and the centers of rotation of the angled brackets 514, 516 are at pivot points 522, 524. Since the push rod 502 is coupled to the angled brackets 514, 516, the push rod 502 moves in a circular path with the angled brackets 514, 516. The movable arm 538 can continue to move linearly, causing the push rod 502 to move along a circular path.
第5b圖圖示如何使用機械再成型工具500來於玻璃片材中位於邊緣的可再成型區(如在第1b圖中的可再成型區102a)中形成彎曲。使用類似於第2b圖中圖示用於玻璃片材100的設置加熱玻璃片材100a到溫度T0(在第3圖中)。在時間t0(在第3圖中),開始玻璃片材100a的可再成型區102a之局部加熱,例如使用加熱器212。在時間t1(在第3圖中),推桿502朝向玻璃片材100a前進直到平面底表面505a與可再成型區102a的邊緣區域102a1接觸。可以最小化並於稍後用機器切除平面表面505a與可再成型區102a接觸的邊緣區域102a1。以推桿502接觸可再成型區102的邊緣區域102a1,致動器504在朝向支座510、512的方向上沿著直線路徑平移或推進可動臂538。如第5c圖中所圖示,這使有角度的托架514、516(在第5a圖中)繞著樞轉接頭524、522(在第5a圖中)旋轉。由於推桿502被附接到有角度的托架514、516,故推桿502也旋轉,而往下推動可再成型區102a的邊緣區域102a1並致使彎曲形成於可再成型區102a中。當可動臂538進一步朝向支座512、510(在第 5a圖中)前進時,彎曲角度隨之增加。可動臂538可一直前進直到有角度的托架514、516到達止擋表面554(在第5a圖中的552)。在本實施例中,可以將彎曲形成於非常靠近玻璃片材100a的最外部邊緣並與可再成型區102a重疊,例如在最外部邊緣的20 mm內(在第1b圖中圖示為101a)。 Figure 5b illustrates how the mechanical reshaping tool 500 can be used to form a bend in the edge-formable reformable region of the glass sheet (e.g., the reformable region 102a in Figure 1b). Similar to the first use is illustrated in FIG. 2b for a heating glass sheets 100a of the glass sheet 100 to a temperature T 0 (In Fig. 3). At time t 0 (in FIG. 3), local heating of the reformable region 102a of the glass sheet 100a is initiated, for example using the heater 212. At time t 1 (in FIG. 3), the pusher 502 is advanced toward the glass sheet 100a until the planar bottom surface 505a is in contact with the edge region 102a1 of the reformable region 102a. The edge region 102a1 in which the planar surface 505a is in contact with the reformable region 102a can be minimized and later machined. With the pusher 502 contacting the edge region 102a1 of the reformable region 102, the actuator 504 translates or advances the movable arm 538 along a linear path in a direction toward the mounts 510, 512. As illustrated in Figure 5c, this causes the angled brackets 514, 516 (in Figure 5a) to rotate about the pivot joints 524, 522 (in Figure 5a). Since the push rod 502 is attached to the angled brackets 514, 516, the push rod 502 also rotates, pushing the edge region 102a1 of the reformable region 102a downward and causing the bend to be formed in the reformable region 102a. As the movable arm 538 is advanced further toward the mounts 512, 510 (in Figure 5a), the angle of curvature increases. The movable arm 538 can be advanced until the angled brackets 514, 516 reach the stop surface 554 (552 in Figure 5a). In this embodiment, the bend can be formed very close to the outermost edge of the glass sheet 100a and overlap the reformable area 102a, for example within 20 mm of the outermost edge (illustrated as 101a in Figure 1b) .
推桿502的旋轉發生於時間t1到時間t2(在第3圖中)。在時刻t2或之後不久,停止推桿502的旋轉及可再成型區102a的局部加熱。從時間t2到時間t3,保持推桿502的平面底表面505與可再成型區102a的邊緣之間的接觸,以強化經由推桿502形成於可再成型區102a中的彎曲。然而,在這段期間中不旋轉推桿502,使得額外的彎曲不會發生。在時間t3之後,釋放或移除推桿502與可再成型區102a的邊緣之間的接觸。這可藉由縮回可動臂538來實現,從而使推桿502旋轉回到其中間位置。 The rotation of the push rod 502 occurs from time t 1 to time t 2 (in FIG. 3). 2 or shortly after the time t, and stop the rotation of the push rod 502 may be locally heated reshaping area 102a. From time t 2 to time t 3, a plane bottom surface 502 to maintain the push rod 505 may be in contact with the edge between the re-forming region 102a, may be formed in order to strengthen the bending reshaped region 102a via the push rod 502. However, the pusher 502 is not rotated during this period so that additional bending does not occur. After time t 3, release or removal of the contact between the push rod 502 may be further shaped edges of the region 102a. This can be accomplished by retracting the movable arm 538 to rotate the push rod 502 back to its neutral position.
也可以使用具有一些修改的機械再成型工具500來於位於內側的可再成型區中形成彎曲,其中在可再成型區中尚未形成初始彎曲,或者在可再成型區中僅已形成小的彎曲。一個修改可以是以彎曲的接觸推桿(如在第4a圖中的推桿402)取代平面接觸推桿502。然後,可以藉由重新定位及調整止擋表面552、554的大小來增加有角度的托架514、516之移動範圍。在使用中,可使彎曲的接觸推桿之彎曲表面與玻璃片材的非可再成型區接觸,並且有角度的托架514、516之擺動可沿著圓形路徑移動 彎曲的接觸推桿,同時彎曲的接觸推桿與非可再成型區接觸,從而在可再成型區中產生彎曲。 It is also possible to use a mechanical reshaping tool 500 with some modifications to form a bend in the reconfigurable zone located on the inside, wherein no initial bend has been formed in the reformable zone, or only a small bend has been formed in the reformable zone . One modification may be to replace the planar contact pusher 502 with a curved contact pusher (such as the pusher 402 in Figure 4a). The range of movement of the angled brackets 514, 516 can then be increased by repositioning and adjusting the size of the stop surfaces 552, 554. In use, the curved surface of the curved contact pusher can be brought into contact with the non-reformable region of the glass sheet, and the swing of the angled brackets 514, 516 can be moved along a circular path The curved contact pusher while the curved contact pusher contacts the non-reformable zone to create a bend in the reformable zone.
100‧‧‧玻璃片材 100‧‧‧glass sheet
100a‧‧‧玻璃片材 100a‧‧‧glass sheet
101‧‧‧邊緣 101‧‧‧ edge
101a‧‧‧邊緣 101a‧‧‧ edge
102‧‧‧可再成型區 102‧‧‧reformable area
102a‧‧‧可再成型區 102a‧‧‧reformable area
102a1‧‧‧邊緣區域 102a1‧‧‧Edge area
104‧‧‧非可再成型區 104‧‧‧non-reformable area
106‧‧‧非可再成型區 106‧‧‧non-reformable area
106a‧‧‧非可再成型區 106a‧‧‧non-reformable area
120‧‧‧初始彎曲 120‧‧‧ initial bending
122‧‧‧初始彎曲角度 122‧‧‧ initial bending angle
124‧‧‧預定的彎曲角度 124‧‧‧Predetermined bending angle
200‧‧‧支座 200‧‧‧Support
202‧‧‧支撐表面 202‧‧‧Support surface
204‧‧‧止擋 204‧‧‧stop
206‧‧‧止擋表面 206‧‧‧stop surface
208‧‧‧止擋表面邊緣 208‧‧‧stop surface edge
210‧‧‧加熱器 210‧‧‧heater
212‧‧‧加熱器 212‧‧‧heater
300‧‧‧線 300‧‧‧ line
302‧‧‧線 302‧‧‧ line
400‧‧‧機械再成型工具 400‧‧‧Mechanical reforming tools
402‧‧‧接觸推桿 402‧‧‧Contact putter
404‧‧‧推桿主體 404‧‧‧Pushing body
405‧‧‧彎曲表面 405‧‧‧Bend surface
408‧‧‧致動器 408‧‧‧ actuator
410‧‧‧可動臂 410‧‧‧ movable arm
412‧‧‧叉腳 412‧‧‧ fork feet
414‧‧‧叉腳 414‧‧‧ fork feet
500‧‧‧機械再成型工具 500‧‧‧Mechanical reforming tools
502‧‧‧推桿 502‧‧‧Put
504‧‧‧致動器 504‧‧‧Actuator
505‧‧‧細長主體 505‧‧‧Slim body
505a‧‧‧平面底表面 505a‧‧‧ flat bottom surface
505b‧‧‧前緣 505b‧‧‧ leading edge
505c‧‧‧後緣 505c‧‧‧ trailing edge
505d‧‧‧頂表面 505d‧‧‧ top surface
506‧‧‧導件 506‧‧‧Guide
510‧‧‧支座 510‧‧‧Support
512‧‧‧支座 512‧‧‧Support
514‧‧‧托架 514‧‧‧ bracket
516‧‧‧托架 516‧‧‧ bracket
518‧‧‧角 518‧‧‧ corner
520‧‧‧角 520‧‧‧ corner
522‧‧‧樞轉接頭 522‧‧‧ pivot joint
524‧‧‧樞轉接頭 524‧‧‧ pivot joint
526‧‧‧腳 526‧‧‧ feet
528‧‧‧腳 528‧‧‧ feet
530‧‧‧末端 End of 530‧‧‧
532‧‧‧末端 End of 532‧‧
534‧‧‧基部 534‧‧‧ base
536‧‧‧基部 536‧‧‧ base
538‧‧‧可動臂 538‧‧‧ movable arm
540‧‧‧腳 540‧‧‧ feet
542‧‧‧腳 542‧‧‧ feet
544‧‧‧軛件 544‧‧ y yoke
546‧‧‧叉腳 546‧‧‧ fork feet
548‧‧‧叉腳 548‧‧‧ Fork
554‧‧‧止擋表面 554‧‧‧stop surface
以下是對附圖中的圖示之說明。該等圖示不一定按比例繪製,並且為了清楚與簡明的益處,可將圖示之某些特徵與某些視圖在比例或示意上誇大。 The following is a description of the illustrations in the drawings. The illustrations are not necessarily to scale, and are in the
第1a圖圖示具有位於內側的可再成型區之玻璃片材。 Figure 1a illustrates a glass sheet having a reformable zone on the inside.
第1b圖圖示具有位於邊緣的可再成型區之玻璃片材。 Figure 1b illustrates a glass sheet having a reformable region at the edge.
第2a圖圖示在支座上之玻璃片材。 Figure 2a shows the glass sheet on the support.
第2b圖圖示導熱至玻璃片材之可再成型與非可再成型區的加熱器。 Figure 2b illustrates a heater that conducts heat to the reformable and non-reformable regions of the glass sheet.
第2c圖圖示導熱至玻璃片材之可再成型區的加熱器。 Figure 2c illustrates a heater that conducts heat to the reformable zone of the glass sheet.
第3圖圖示在用於再成型玻璃片材的製程期間於玻璃片材之可再成型區中的溫度進程。 Figure 3 illustrates the temperature progression in the reformable zone of the glass sheet during the process for reshaping the glass sheet.
第4a圖圖示用於在位於內側的可再成型區中形成彎曲的機械再成型工具。 Figure 4a illustrates a mechanical reshaping tool for forming a bend in a reconfigurable zone located on the inside.
第4b圖圖示機械再成型工具之推桿與玻璃片材之非可再成型區接觸。 Figure 4b illustrates the pusher of the mechanical reshaping tool in contact with the non-reformable region of the glass sheet.
第4c圖圖示機械再成型工具之推桿對玻璃片材之非可再成型區施加推力。 Figure 4c illustrates the pusher of the mechanical reshaping tool applying a thrust to the non-reformable region of the glass sheet.
第4d圖圖示機械再成型工具之致動器組裝於旋轉台階上。 Figure 4d illustrates the assembly of the mechanical reshaping tool actuator on the rotating step.
第5a圖圖示用於在位於邊緣的可再成型區中形成彎曲之機械再成型工具。 Figure 5a illustrates a mechanical reshaping tool for forming a bend in a reconfigurable zone located at the edge.
第5b圖圖示機械再成型工具之推桿與玻璃片材之可再成型區之邊緣區域接觸。 Figure 5b illustrates the pusher of the mechanical reshaping tool in contact with the edge region of the reformable region of the glass sheet.
第5c圖圖示機械再成型工具之推桿對玻璃片材之可再成型區之邊緣區域施加推力。 Figure 5c illustrates the pusher of the mechanical reshaping tool applying a thrust to the edge region of the reformable region of the glass sheet.
100‧‧‧玻璃片材 100‧‧‧glass sheet
102‧‧‧可再成型區 102‧‧‧reformable area
104‧‧‧非可再成型區 104‧‧‧non-reformable area
106‧‧‧非可再成型區 106‧‧‧non-reformable area
120‧‧‧初始彎曲 120‧‧‧ initial bending
122‧‧‧初始彎曲角度 122‧‧‧ initial bending angle
200‧‧‧支座 200‧‧‧Support
212‧‧‧加熱器 212‧‧‧heater
402‧‧‧接觸推桿 402‧‧‧Contact putter
405‧‧‧彎曲表面 405‧‧‧Bend surface
408‧‧‧致動器 408‧‧‧ actuator
410‧‧‧可動臂 410‧‧‧ movable arm
Claims (9)
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US201161546687P | 2011-10-13 | 2011-10-13 |
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US9611165B2 (en) * | 2012-06-08 | 2017-04-04 | Corning Incorporated | Method and apparatus for bending a glass sheet and an electronic device casing |
JP5435166B1 (en) | 2012-06-14 | 2014-03-05 | 日本電気硝子株式会社 | Manufacturing method of glass plate having bent portion and glass plate having bent portion |
JP5510693B1 (en) * | 2012-12-07 | 2014-06-04 | 日本電気硝子株式会社 | Method for producing tempered glass plate having bent portion and tempered glass plate having bent portion |
KR102432352B1 (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2022-08-16 | 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 | Apparatus for forming window glass and method for manufacturing electronic device having the window |
TWI660920B (en) | 2018-06-25 | 2019-06-01 | 海納光電股份有限公司 | Non-contact forming device and method |
CN110028230B (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2021-11-09 | 重庆立玻光电科技有限公司 | Curved glass processing method |
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JPS55158138A (en) | 1979-05-23 | 1980-12-09 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Manufacture of bent glass |
JPS6321229A (en) * | 1986-07-11 | 1988-01-28 | Nippon Kiden Kogyo Kk | Method and device for bending glass sheet |
FR2659957B1 (en) | 1990-03-20 | 1993-07-16 | Saint Gobain Vitrage Int | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR THE BOMBING OF GLASS SHEETS. |
US5322539A (en) * | 1992-06-26 | 1994-06-21 | Desert Glassworks, Inc. | Quartz tank member and method of production thereof |
US6240746B1 (en) | 1997-04-04 | 2001-06-05 | Asahi Glass Company Ltd. | Glass plate bending method and apparatus |
US6422040B1 (en) | 2000-06-15 | 2002-07-23 | Glasstech, Inc. | Method for forming glass sheets |
FR2852951B1 (en) | 2003-03-26 | 2007-02-16 | Saint Gobain | METHOD FOR BOMBING GLASS SHEETS BY PRESSING AND SUCTION |
ATE526294T1 (en) * | 2003-10-28 | 2011-10-15 | Schott Ag | METHOD FOR PRODUCING A GLASS MOLDED PART WITH AT LEAST ONE ANGLED LEG |
EP2457881B1 (en) * | 2010-11-30 | 2019-05-08 | Corning Incorporated | Method and apparatus for bending a sheet of material into a shaped article |
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CN104203847A (en) | 2014-12-10 |
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