TWI585586B - Data acquisition device and method thereof - Google Patents

Description

Data acquisition device and method thereof

The present invention relates to a data processing apparatus and method thereof, and more particularly to a data extraction apparatus and method thereof.

With the rapid development of technology, the demand for data storage capacity is increasing. In non-volatile memory (or non-volatile memory) for storing data, flash memory has high storage density, low power consumption, and effective access. Efficiency and reasonable price and other advantages, therefore, has become the mainstream storage medium. The compact flash memory system is conveniently installed in electronic devices, including digital cameras, digital video recorders, digital music players, handheld personal computers, and navigation devices, or as memory cards and flash drives. On the storage device.

The flash memory can still save previously written data when the power is turned off. Compared with other storage media (such as hard disk, floppy disk or tape), the flash memory has the characteristics of small size, light weight, anti-vibration, no mechanical action delay and low power consumption during access. Due to these characteristics of flash memory, in recent years, data storage media such as consumer electronics, embedded systems or portable computers have been widely adopted.

There are two main types of flash memory: NOR flash memory and NAND flash memory. NOR-type flash memory has the advantages of low voltage, fast access and high stability, so it has been widely used in portable electronic devices and electronic communication devices, such as personal computers (PCs), mobile phones. Personal digital assistant (Personal Digital Assistance, PDA) and a set-top box (STB). NAND flash memory is a flash memory designed for data storage. It is usually used as a storage medium for storing and storing large amounts of data, such as a portable memory card (SD Memory Card, Compact Flash Card, Memory Stick). and many more).

However, the characteristics of the flash memory in the hard process process cause two restrictions on use. (1) The data stored in the storage block in the flash memory does not update the data after a long period of time. The charge stored in the unit may have leakage potential, which may result in loss of data; (2) each storage block in the flash memory has a limit on the number of erasures, when a flash memory area When the block write/erase cycle exceeds an upper limit, the reliability of the data in the storage block will drop rapidly and the old flash memory controller mainly controls the correspondence between the logical block and the physical block. However, there is no special design for averaging the number of erasures of each storage block, so that it is easy to make each storage block use unevenly, and the life of the entire flash memory is shortened. On the other hand, for a long time, if the data stored in the flash memory is not specially processed, for example, reprogramming, it is easy to save the data for a long time. However, even if the uniform erase is solved The problem of uneven data, flash memory still has the problem that the flash memory is easy to leak and the data is lost. Therefore, in order to ensure the data is complete and not vulnerable to data loss due to leakage of the storage block, the impact of avoiding leakage is nowadays. One of the most important topics in flash memory.

Therefore, the present invention provides a data capturing device and a method thereof for solving the above problems, which not only can improve the above-mentioned conventional disadvantages, but also can achieve the function of uniformly erasing each block and storing data for a long time, so as to solve the above problem. problem.

An object of the present invention is to provide a data capture device and a method thereof, which can detect a storage state of at least one storage block of a storage block by using a controller to achieve long-term data for each storage block. The purpose of saving the function.

An object of the present invention is to provide a data capture device and a method thereof, wherein the controller compares a storage time of a storage drive according to a reference storage time, and knows whether the storage time of the data of the storage block is Exceeding the threshold value, the purpose of uniformly erasing each storage block is achieved.

An object of the present invention is to provide a data capture device and a method thereof, which are determined by a controller determining that the number of times the storage block reads/writes the data is less than a reference read/write count. The storage time of the data of the storage block exceeds the threshold value, so that each storage block can be evenly erased.

The present invention relates to a data capture device and a method thereof, including a storage unit and a controller. The storage unit includes a plurality of storage blocks, respectively storing at least one data, and the controller stores the data and detects the storage state of one of the storage blocks. The controller reads the data according to the storage state of at least one storage block of the storage blocks and stores the data to other storage blocks, so that each block can be uniformly erased and the data storage function is saved for a long time. The purpose.

Furthermore, the controller of the data capture device of the present invention compares the storage status of each storage block according to at least one reference state, and knows whether the storage time of the data of each storage block exceeds a threshold value, wherein The reference state is a reference storage time, and the storage state is a storage time in which the data is stored in the storage block. The controller compares the storage time according to the reference storage time, and knows whether the storage time of the data of the storage block exceeds the threshold value, but It achieves the purpose of making each block evenly erased and long-term data storage function.

Moreover, the reference state is a reference read/write count, and the storage state is The number of times the storage block reads/writes data, and the controller determines that the number of times the storage block reads/writes data is less than the reference read/write times, and determines that the storage time of the data of the storage block exceeds the threshold value, and It can achieve the purpose of making each block evenly erased and long-term data storage function.

In order to give the reviewer a better understanding and understanding of the technical features of the present invention and the efficacies achieved, the following is a description of the preferred embodiment and a detailed description.

10‧‧‧ data acquisition device

102‧‧‧Information

104‧‧‧Information

106‧‧‧Information

12‧‧‧ Controller

14‧‧‧storage unit

141‧‧‧First partition

142A‧‧‧First storage block

142B‧‧‧First storage block

142C‧‧‧First storage block

142D‧‧‧First storage block

142E‧‧‧First storage block

142F‧‧‧First storage block

142G‧‧‧First storage block

142H‧‧‧First storage block

143‧‧‧Second division

144A‧‧‧Second storage block

144B‧‧‧Second storage block

144C‧‧‧Second storage block

144D‧‧‧Second storage block

144E‧‧‧Second storage block

144F‧‧‧Second storage block

144G‧‧‧Second storage block

144H‧‧‧Second storage block

16‧‧‧ comparison table

20‧‧‧Host

1 is a block diagram of a preferred embodiment of a data capture device of the present invention; and FIG. 2A is a block diagram of a preferred embodiment of a storage state of the data capture device of the present invention; A block diagram of another preferred embodiment of the storage state of the data capture device of the present invention; FIG. 3A is a block diagram of another preferred embodiment of the storage state of the data capture device of the present invention; Figure 4 is a block diagram of another preferred embodiment of the storage state of the data capture device of the present invention; and Figure 4A is a block diagram of another preferred embodiment of the storage state of the data capture device of the present invention; Figure 4B is a block diagram of another preferred embodiment of the storage state of the data capture device of the present invention; and Figure 5A is a block diagram of another preferred embodiment of the storage state of the data capture device of the present invention. Figure 5 is a further preferred embodiment of the storage state of the data capture device of the present invention. Figure 6 is a block diagram of another preferred embodiment of the data acquisition device of the present invention; and a seventh embodiment is a flow chart of a preferred embodiment of the data acquisition method of the present invention.

First, please refer to the first figure, which is a block diagram of a preferred embodiment of the data capture device of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the data capture device 10 of the present invention includes a controller 12 and a storage unit 14, wherein the storage unit 14 includes a first divided area 141 and a second divided area 143. The first divided area 141 includes a plurality of first storage blocks 142A-142H, and the second divided area 143 includes a plurality of second storage blocks 144A-144H. In addition, the data capture device 10 further includes a look-up table 16.

The data capture device 10 of the embodiment is connected to the host 20 for transmitting data to the host 20 or receiving data transmitted by the host 20. The controller 12 is connected to the storage unit 14 for storing data to the first storage areas. Blocks 142A-142H and the second storage blocks 144A-144H, and detecting the storage states of the first storage blocks 142A-142H and the second storage blocks 144A-144H, and the controller 12 is further The data stored in the first storage blocks 142A-142H and the at least one of the second storage blocks 144A-144H are read to the host 20 according to the read command of the host 20.

In response to the above, the controller 12 reads data according to the storage state of the first storage blocks 142A-142H and the at least one storage block of the second storage blocks 144A-144H and stores the data in other storage blocks. In this way, the purpose of uniformly erasing and storing the data storage function for each storage block can be achieved. The controller 12 compares a reference state to compare the storage state of each of the first storage blocks 142A-142H and each of the second storage blocks 144A-144H, thereby learning each first storage. Whether the storage time of the data of the storage blocks 142A-142H or each of the second storage blocks 144A-144H exceeds a threshold value, and the data is read and stored in other storage blocks.

Please refer to FIG. 2A and FIG. 2B together, which are schematic diagrams of a preferred embodiment and another preferred embodiment of the storage state of the data capture device of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the storage state of each storage block 142A-142H, 144A-144H of the data capture device 10 of the present invention is the storage time of the data, and the controller 12 uses a reference storage time as a reference state. Comparing each storage block 142A-142H, 144A-144H according to the reference state, and determining whether the storage time of the data of the storage block exceeds the threshold value, that is, the controller 12 stores the data into the storage. When one of the blocks stores the block or at intervals, the controller 12 then compares the storage status of one of the storage blocks according to the reference status to confirm whether to move the data to another storage block. The leakage of electricity is prevented from affecting the data capture device 10, and the leakage causes the data access of the storage device 10 to be affected, and the problem of data loss is avoided.

Referring to FIG. 2A, the data storage time of the first storage block 142B of the first partition 141 is 1 second, and the data storage time of the adjacent first storage block 142A is 0.5 seconds, and another adjacent one. The first storage block 142C is 0.7 seconds, so the reference storage time of the first storage block 142B is the average value of the data storage time of the adjacent storage block, that is, 0.6 seconds. Thus, the first storage block 142B has exceeded Referring to the storage time, the controller 12 reads out and stores the data 102 stored in the first storage block 142B to the first storage block 142H. In this way, the problem that the data 102 is stored in the first storage block 142B for a long time and the data is lost due to leakage is avoided. Similarly, referring to FIG. 2B, the data storage time of the first storage block 142D corresponding to the data 104 is 0.4 seconds, the first storage block 142C is 0.5 seconds, and the first storage block 142E is 0.7 seconds, so the first The average storage time of the adjacent storage blocks of the storage block 142D is 0.6 seconds, and the The storage time of a storage block 142D is less than 0.6 seconds, so the data stored in the first storage area 142C does not need to be moved.

Please refer to FIG. 3A and FIG. 3B together, which are schematic diagrams of another preferred embodiment of the storage state of the data capture device of the present invention. The difference between the second A picture to the second B picture and the third A picture 3th B picture is that the second A picture to the second B picture are averaged by the storage time of the adjacent storage blocks of the tested storage block. The value is used as a reference storage time to compare the detected storage blocks, and the third to third panels B compare the storage time of each storage block with a preset single reference storage time. As shown in the figure, the data capture device 10 of the present invention further presets a reference storage time as a reference state, and the controller 12 uniformly compares the storage time of each of the detected storage blocks according to the preset reference storage time. Determining whether the storage time of the data of each storage block exceeds the reference storage time, and determining whether the storage time of the data of the storage block exceeds the threshold (refer to the storage time), thereby determining whether to move the data to other storage blocks, wherein The embodiment sets the preset reference storage time in the controller 12, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and the preset reference storage time may be set in other storage elements, such as: storage unit 14 or storage. System memory (not shown) of device 10.

Referring to FIG. 3A, the reference storage time preset by the controller 12 is 0.5 seconds, the first storage block 142A of the first partition 141 is 0.5 seconds, and the data storage time of the first storage block 142B is 1 second. The first storage block 142C is 0.7 seconds, so the storage time of the first storage block 142B and the first storage block 142C exceeds the preset reference storage time by 0.5 seconds, so the controller 12 will use the first storage block 142A. The stored first data 102 is maintained, and the second data 104 stored in the first storage block 142B is read out and stored in the first storage block 142H and the third data stored in the first storage block 142C. The 106 is read out and stored to the second storage block 144B. In this way, it can be avoided that the storage of the first data 102 and the second data in the storage block is too long. To the impact of leakage, and thus avoid the loss of data.

Similarly, referring to the third B diagram, the reference storage time preset by the controller 12 is also 0.5 seconds, and the first storage block 142C corresponds to the data storage time of the first data 102 is 0.4 seconds, the first storage area. The data storage time of the block 142D corresponding to the second data 104 is 0.5 seconds, and the data storage time of the first storage block 142E corresponding to the third data 106 is 0.3 seconds. Therefore, the first storage block 142C to the first storage block 142E The storage time is less than or equal to 0.5 seconds, so the controller 12 determines that the data 102, 104, 106 stored in the first storage block 142C to the first storage block 142E need not be moved.

Please refer to FIG. 4A and FIG. 4B together, which are schematic diagrams of another preferred embodiment of the storage state of the data capture device of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the storage state of each storage block 142A-142H, 144A-144H of the data capture device 10 of the present invention is the number of data read/write times, so the reference state adopted by the data capture device 10 is For a reference read/write count, and the reference read/write count is the average of the number of data read/write times of the adjacent storage blocks of the detected storage block, and the storage state is the storage area. The number of times the block reads/writes data, the controller 12 determines that the storage time of the data stored in the storage block has exceeded the storage time according to the number of times the read/write data of the storage block is less than the reference read/write times. The threshold is depreciated, so the controller 12 reads the data and stores it in other storage blocks; when the controller 12 determines the storage block according to the number of times the read/write data of the storage block is greater than the reference read/write times The stored time of the stored data does not exceed the threshold of the storage time, so the controller 12 does not read the data and stores it in other storage blocks.

As shown in FIG. 4A, the first storage blocks 142A-142H of the first partition 141 and the second storage blocks 144A-144H of the second partition 143 are sequentially arranged. The storage state of the first storage block 142B is 10 times of reading/writing times, and the reference state is a reference read/write number according to adjacent storage blocks. The number of read/write times is one of the average read/write times to obtain the reference read/write times, and the first storage block 142B is adjacent to the first storage block 142A and the first storage block. 142C, the number of read/write times of the first storage block 142A is 100, and the number of read/write times of the first storage block 142C is 80, so the reference read/write of the first storage block 142B The number of times is (100 times + 80 times) / 2, that is, the number of reference read/write times is 90 times. Therefore, the controller 12 reads and writes the number of times according to the first storage block 142B 10 times less than the reference reading. The number of writes is 90 times, and it is determined that the data stored in the first storage block 142B has exceeded the predetermined threshold of the storage block. Therefore, the controller 12 determines to read the data of the first storage block 142B to the first storage. Block 142H is stored.

Referring to FIG. 4B, the storage states of the first storage blocks 142A-142H and the second storage blocks 144A-144H are the number of record read/write times, and the reference state is a reference read/write. In the same manner, the number of read/write times of the first storage block 142A is 100, and the number of read/write times of the controller 12 according to the first storage block 142A is equal to 100 times of the reference read/write times. 100 times, the controller 12 determines that the data of the first storage block 142A does not need to be moved, and continues to be stored in the first storage block 142A.

Please refer to FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B together, which are schematic diagrams of another preferred embodiment of the storage state of the data capture device of the present invention. The difference between the fourth A to the fourth B and the fifth to fifth B is that the fourth to fourth B are read/write with the adjacent storage blocks of the tested storage block. The average of the number of entries is used as the reference read/write count to compare the detected storage blocks, and the fifth to fifth B charts compare each storage with a preset single reference read/write times. The number of reads/writes to the block. As shown in the figure, the storage device 10 of the present invention further presets a reference read/write frequency, and the controller 12 uniformly compares the detected read/write times according to the preset reference. The number of read/writes of each storage block to determine whether the number of read/write times of each storage block exceeds the threshold (ie, the number of read/write times), thereby determining whether to move the data. To other storage blocks, in this embodiment, the preset reference read/write times are set in the controller 12, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and the preset reference read/write can be further performed. The number of entries is set in other storage elements, such as storage unit 14 or system memory (not shown) of storage device 10.

Referring to FIG. 5A, the number of reference read/write times preset by the controller 12 is 90, and the first storage block 142A of the first partition 141 is 100 times, and the first storage block 142B is read. The number of writes/writes is 80, and the number of read/write times of the first storage block 142A and the first storage block 142C exceeds the preset reference read/write times. 90 times, the controller 12 maintains the second data 104 stored in the first storage block 142B, and reads and stores the first data 102 stored in the first storage block 142A to the first storage block. 142H and the third data 106 stored in the first storage block 142C are read out and stored in the second storage block 144B. In this way, the storage time of the first data 102 and the third data 106 stored in the storage block can be prevented from being affected by the leakage, thereby avoiding the problem of data loss.

Similarly, referring to FIG. 5B, the number of reference read/write times preset by the controller 12 is also 90 times, and the number of read/write times of the first storage block 142C corresponding to the first data 102 is 80 times, the number of read/write times of the first storage block 142D corresponding to the second data 104 is 90 times, and the number of read/write times of the first storage block 142E corresponding to the third data 106 is 70 times, therefore, The storage time of a storage block 142C to the first storage block 142E is equal to or less than 90 times, so the controller 12 determines that the data 102, 104, 106 stored in the first storage block 142C to the first storage block 142E is not Must be moved.

In addition, the comparison table 16 records the first storage blocks of the storage unit 10 142A-142H and the second storage blocks 144A-144H are used to store the correspondence between the data, that is, the comparison table 16 is used to record the storage blocks of the storage unit for storing the corresponding storage blocks of the data. That is, the controller 12 records and stores the storage block of the written data in the comparison table 16. Therefore, the controller 12 updates the record of the comparison table 16 when the operation of storing the data is completed. For example, when the controller 12 reads the data 102 of the first storage block 142A and reads it and stores it to the first storage block 142H, The controller 12 then updates the record of the lookup table 16, and the recorded data 102, 104 is stored in the first storage block 142H.

Please refer to the sixth drawing, which is a block diagram of another preferred embodiment of the data capture device of the present invention. The difference between the first figure and the sixth figure is that the first storage blocks 142A-142H and the second storage blocks 144A-144H of the first figure are sequentially arranged, and the first storages of the sixth figure are The blocks 142A-142H and the second storage blocks 144A-144H are arranged in a random number. As shown in the figure, after the storage unit 14 has been operated by the uniform erase and long-term data storage algorithms, the arrangement of the first storage blocks 142A-142H and the second storage blocks 144A-144H will be The initial arrangement (as shown in the first figure) gradually becomes a random number arrangement (as shown in the sixth figure). The comparison table 16 records the first storage blocks 142A-142H of the storage unit 10 and the second storage blocks 144A-144H, so regardless of the storage blocks 142A-142H, 144A- of the storage unit 14. 144H how to sort the numbers, the controller 12 can obtain the corresponding positions of the first storage blocks 142A-142H and the second storage blocks 144A-144H by using the comparison table 16 to store the data to the corresponding storage area. Piece.

Please refer to the seventh figure, which is a flowchart of a preferred embodiment of the data acquisition method of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the data acquisition method of the present invention is applied to a data capture device 10, and the data capture method first displays at least one data as shown in step S100. The storage unit 14 as shown in the first figure includes a first partition 141 and a second partition 143. The first partition 141 includes the first storage blocks 142A-142H. The second partition 143 includes the second storage blocks 144A-144H, and the first partition 141 and the second partition 143 are more as shown in FIG. 6, the storage blocks 142A-142H, 144A-144H. The controllers 12 of the data capture device 10 detect the first storage blocks 142A-142H and the second storage blocks 144A-144H, as shown in step S110. The storage state is determined according to step S120, the controller 12 determines whether to read the data according to the storage states of the at least one storage block of the first storage blocks 142A-142H and the second storage blocks 144A-144H. When the storage state is the data read/write times, when the storage state of the storage block is greater than the reference state, the controller 12 performs step S130, when the storage state of the storage block is less than the reference state. , the controller 12 performs step S140; if stored Storage time is, the storage state of the memory when the block is less than a reference state, the controller 12 executes step S130, the storage state of the memory when the block is greater than a reference state, the controller 12 executes step S140.

Then, the controller 12 determines that the data stored in the storage block is not read and stored in another storage block, and the controller 12 determines that the storage block of the storage unit 14 is stored, as shown in step S140. The data needs to be read and stored in other storage blocks. Finally, the controller 12 records the storage states of the first storage blocks 142A-142H and the second storage blocks 144A-144H of the storage unit 16 and stores them in the comparison table 16 according to step S150. The controller 12 uses the number of reading/writing of data or the number of erasures of data as the reference state and the storage state.

In summary, the data acquisition device and method of the present invention are used to prevent data from being stored in the storage device for a long time and being affected by leakage, resulting in data loss.

Therefore, the present invention is a novelty, progressive and available for industrial use. It should be in accordance with the patent application requirements of the patent law of China. Undoubtedly, the invention patent application is filed according to law, and the prayer bureau will grant the patent as soon as possible.

However, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, so that the shapes, structures, features, and spirits described in the claims of the present invention are equally changed. Modifications are intended to be included in the scope of the patent application of the present invention.

10‧‧‧ data acquisition device

12‧‧‧ Controller

14‧‧‧storage unit

141‧‧‧First partition

142A‧‧‧First storage block

142B‧‧‧First storage block

142C‧‧‧First storage block

142D‧‧‧First storage block

142E‧‧‧First storage block

142F‧‧‧First storage block

142G‧‧‧First storage block

142H‧‧‧First storage block

143‧‧‧Second division

144A‧‧‧Second storage block

144B‧‧‧Second storage block

144C‧‧‧Second storage block

144D‧‧‧Second storage block

144E‧‧‧Second storage block

144F‧‧‧Second storage block

144G‧‧‧Second storage block

144H‧‧‧Second storage block

16‧‧‧ comparison table

20‧‧‧Host

Claims (9)

A data capture device includes: a storage unit including a plurality of storage blocks for storing at least one data separately; and a controller connected to the storage unit for storing the data to the storage blocks, And comparing, according to the at least one reference state, a storage state of each of the storage blocks, and determining whether the storage time of the data of each of the storage blocks exceeds a threshold value, and if the storage time of the data exceeds the threshold value, Read the data and save it to another storage block. The data capture device of claim 1, wherein the reference state is a reference storage time, the storage state is a storage time of the data stored in the storage block, and the controller stores the reference time according to the reference Comparing the storage time, it is known whether the storage time of the data of the storage block exceeds the threshold. The data extraction device of claim 1, wherein the reference state is a reference read/write number, and the storage state is the number of times the storage block reads/writes the data, the control The device determines that the number of times the storage block reads/writes the data is less than the reference read/write times, and determines that the storage time of the data of the storage block exceeds the threshold. The data capture device of claim 3, wherein the reference read/write count is an average read/write count, which is a read/write of the corresponding at least one adjacent storage block. An average of the number of entries, the adjacent storage block being adjacent to the detected storage block. The data acquisition device of claim 1, further comprising: a comparison table, wherein the storage blocks of the storage unit are recorded for storing corresponding storage blocks of the data. A data capture method includes: storing at least one data to a storage unit, the storage unit including a plurality of storage blocks; detecting a storage state of the storage blocks; comparing at least one reference state with each of the storage areas The storage state of the block to know whether the storage time of the data of each of the storage blocks exceeds a threshold; and if the storage time of the data exceeds the threshold, the data is read and stored in another storage block . The method for extracting data according to claim 6, wherein the storage state is the number of times the storage block reads/writes the data, and the reference state is one of the storage blocks. Number of entries. The method of extracting data according to claim 6, wherein the storage state is the number of erasures of the data in the storage block, and the reference state is a reference storage time of the data in the storage block. The method for extracting data according to claim 6 further includes a step of recording the blocks of the storage unit for storing corresponding storage blocks of the data.