TWI573944B - Machining machine spindle and spindle seal - Google Patents

Description

Machining machine spindle and spindle sealing device

The invention relates to a machine part, in particular to a processing machine spindle and a spindle sealing device.

Referring to Figures 1 and 2, a general machine tool spindle 10 is a base 21 rotatably mounted to a processing machine 20 having a spindle 11 and a set of bushing tubes disposed outside the spindle 11 12, a plurality of bearings 13 mounted between the mandrel 11 and the bushing tube 12, a top cover 14 mounted between the mandrel 11 and the bushing tube 12 and pressed against the top side of the bearings 13 a blocking seat 15 fixed to the mandrel 11 and pressing the top cover 14 and the bushing tube 12, and a set of motors attached to the mandrel 11 to be processed by the processing machine 20 (not shown) The drive wheel 16 for driving the mandrel 11 and located on the top side of the barrier seat 15 is shown.

The base 21 has a cooling chamber 211 for accommodating the transmission wheel 16 and the blocking seat 15. By injecting the cooling gear oil 22 into the cooling chamber 211, the transmission wheel 16 and the spindle 11 can be taken away for high speed rotation. The high heat generated.

In order to prevent the cooling gear oil 22 from flowing into the bearings 13 through the gap between the transmission wheel 16 and the barrier seat 15, the high-viscosity lubricating butter of the bearings 13 is destroyed, causing the bearings 13 to be damaged, usually in the transmission. A labyrinth seal structure 17 is formed between the bottom surface of the wheel 16 and the top surface of the barrier seat 15 by the engagement of the ring groove and the collar. The labyrinth seal structure 17 has an outer labyrinth channel with an inverted U-shaped cross section. 171 and an inner labyrinth channel 172, it is hoped that the formed multiple curves can prevent the cooling gear oil 22 from flowing into the bearings 13, but the following problems still exist in use:

When the transmission wheel 16 and the spindle 11 rotate at a high speed, the cooling gear oil 22 is deposited on the outer labyrinth channel 171 due to the spray rebound effect, and the barrier seat 15 is provided with a plurality of oil holes 151 for most of the accumulation. The cooling gear oil 22 is discharged, but a part of the cooling gear oil 22 is pushed to the top edge of the inner labyrinth channel 172 due to capillary action and centrifugal force, and the external oil pressure of the outer labyrinth channel 171 is greater than the The internal oil pressure of the outer labyrinth channel 171 generates a squeezing effect, and the accumulated cooling gear oil 22 is gradually pushed to the boundary between the inner labyrinth channel 172 and the barrier seat 15, and slowly goes to the barrier seat 15 and the center. The socket of the shaft 11 leaks, and in order to prevent the leakage of the cooling gear oil 22 from flowing into the bearings 13, an inner oil seal 18 must be installed between the mandrel 11 and the inner ring 141 of the top cover 14, where An outer oil seal 19 is disposed between the outer ring 142 of the top cover 14 and the bushing tube 12, which not only causes a large number of components of the main shaft 10 of the processing machine, but also requires time-consuming assembly, and at the same time, because the mandrel 11 and the The inner ring 141 is provided with a ring groove that cooperates with each other to accommodate the ring groove The inner oil seal 18 is provided with a ring groove that is fitted between the outer ring 142 and the bushing tube 12 to accommodate the outer oil seal 19, and has a problem that manufacturing is time consuming and the manufacturing cost is high.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a processing machine spindle and a spindle sealing device which can reduce the number of constituent components, save assembly time, save manufacturing time, and reduce manufacturing cost by providing a sealing effect without installing an oil seal.

Therefore, the processing machine spindle of the present invention is mounted on a machine seat of a processing machine, and comprises a mandrel, a bushing tube, a bearing unit, a top cover, a nut and a spindle sealing device. The mandrel is rotatably mounted to the base, the bushing tube is sleeved outside the mandrel and is fixedly coupled to the base, and the bearing unit has a mounting between the mandrel and the bushing tube respectively a top bearing and a bottom bearing, the top cover is mounted between the mandrel and the bushing tube and located on a top side of the top bearing, the nut is screwed to the mandrel and located on a top side of the top cover, The spindle sealing device comprises a blocking seat and a transmission wheel, the blocking seat sleeve is disposed on the mandrel and fixed on the top side of the bushing tube and the top cover, and comprises a top surface and a concentric shape respectively formed on the blocking seat An outer convex ring and an inner convex ring, and a plurality of oil holes extending through the outer convex ring in a radial direction, the driving wheel sleeve is disposed on the mandrel and can drive the mandrel to rotate and be located on the top side of the blocking seat. The outer ring groove and the inner ring groove respectively formed on the bottom surface of the transmission wheel and the inner ring groove are respectively formed, and the inner ring groove and the inner ring groove are formed by the outer ring groove and the inner ring groove. And a first blocking ring groove disposed on the spacer ring and communicating with the inner ring groove and the oil drain holes and expanding the diameter, the first The ring-breaking groove has a first guiding groove disposed from the top edge toward the top end and close to the circumference; the outer ring groove and the inner ring groove are respectively sleeved outside the outer convex ring and the inner convex ring, and cooperate with each other to form a labyrinth Sealed construction.

The utility model has the advantages that: the first blocking ring groove is stepped with the inner ring groove and the first guiding groove forms a sealing line, so that the cooling gear oil can be prevented from infiltrating into the bearing unit, so that the invention can Reduce component count, save assembly man-hours, save manufacturing man-hours, and reduce manufacturing costs.

Before the present invention is described in detail, it should be noted that the relative positional terms used in the following description, such as "top" and "bottom", are based on the orientations shown in the figures and the normal orientation of use.

Referring to FIG. 3 and FIG. 6, an embodiment of the processing machine spindle 3 of the present invention is suitable for being mounted on a base 101 of a processing machine 100. The embodiment includes a spindle 30, a bushing tube 40, a bearing unit 50, A top cover 60, a nut 70, and a spindle seal 8 are provided.

The mandrel 30 is rotatably mounted to the base 101 in a top and bottom direction.

The bushing tube 40 is sleeved outside the mandrel 30 and is locked and fixed to the base 101.

The bearing unit 50 has a two-stage bearing 51 and a two-bottom bearing 52 that are respectively mounted between the mandrel 30 and the bushing tube 40.

The top cover 60 is mounted between the mandrel 30 and the bushing tube 40 and is located on the top side of the top bearing 51, and has an outer ring 61 and an inner ring 62, and the inner ring 62 has a lower height than the outer ring 62. Ring 61.

The nut 70 is screwed to the mandrel 30 and is located on the top side of the inner ring 62.

The spindle seal 8 includes a barrier seat 80 and a drive wheel 90.

Referring to FIGS. 4 , 5 , and 6 , the barrier seat 80 is sleeved outside the mandrel 30 and sits on the top side of the bushing tube 40 and the outer ring 61 of the top cover 60, and the bushing tube 40 The locking knot is fixed, and includes an outer convex ring 82 and an inner convex ring 83 respectively formed on a top surface 81 and concentric, and a plurality of oil holes 84 extending through the outer convex ring 82 in the radial direction.

The transmission wheel 90 is sleeved on the mandrel 30 and is driven by a motor (not shown) of the processing machine 100 and can drive the spindle 30 to rotate. The transmission wheel 90 is located on the top side of the barrier seat 80, including respectively The outer ring 82 and the inner ring 83 are formed on a bottom surface 91 and are concentric with an outer ring groove 92 and an inner ring groove 93. A spacer ring formed by the outer ring groove 92 and the inner ring groove 93 is formed. a first blocking ring groove 95 and a second blocking ring groove 96 which are sequentially disposed on the spacer ring 94 and communicate with the inner ring groove 93 and gradually increase the diameter from the top end toward the bottom end, respectively. The first blocking ring groove 95 and the second blocking ring groove 96 communicate with the oil discharging holes 84.

The inner ring groove 93 is stepped with a cross section of the first blocking ring groove 95 and the second blocking ring groove 96. The first blocking ring groove 95 has a first side from the top edge toward the top end and close to the circumference. a guiding groove 951, the second blocking ring groove 96 has a second guiding groove 961 disposed from the top edge toward the top end and close to the periphery. In the embodiment, the first guiding groove 951 and the second guiding groove 961 are both pointed. Corner slot.

The outer ring groove 92 and the inner ring groove 93 are respectively sleeved outside the outer ring 82 and the inner ring 83, and cooperate with each other to form a labyrinth seal structure.

Referring to FIG. 3 to FIG. 6, when the processing machine main shaft 3 is mounted on the base 101, the transmission wheel 90 and the blocking seat 80 are located in a cooling chamber 102 of the base 101, and in use, by the cooling The cooling gear oil 103 is injected into the chamber 102 to take away the high heat generated by the transmission wheel 90 and the spindle 30 due to high-speed rotation. When the transmission gear 90 rotates at a high speed with the spindle 30, Spraying the rebound effect and accumulating in the outer ring groove 92, although most of the accumulated cooling gear oil 103 can be discharged from the oil drain holes 84 and flow back to the cooling chamber 102, a part of the cooling gear oil 103 is still Pushing into the inner ring groove 93, at this time, by the second blocking ring groove 96 and the first blocking ring groove 95 having a stepped section, and the second guiding groove 961, the The cooling gear oil 103 is pushed to the second guide groove 961, that is, pushed in the direction of the outer ring groove 92, thereby blocking the cooling gear oil 103 from being squeezed into the ball due to capillary action and centrifugal force. The case of the top edge 931 of the inner ring groove 93, thereby forming a first sealing line of defense, which can prevent The cooling gear oil 103 penetrates into the socket of the blocking seat 80 and the mandrel 30, causing damage to the top bearing 51. Further, the present invention has a cross section of the first blocking ring groove 95 and the inner ring groove 93. In a stepped shape and the first guiding groove 951, a second sealing line can be formed to ensure a sealing effect.

The first guide groove 951 and the second guide groove 961 are sharp-angled grooves, so that the cooling gear oil 103 can be smoothly squeezed into the first guide groove 951 and the second guide groove 961, effectively blocking The cooling gear oil 103 is squeezed into the top edge 931 of the inner ring groove 93 by capillary action and centrifugal force to prevent the cooling gear oil 103 from penetrating into the top bearings 51.

It should be noted that, as shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. 5, the present invention only needs to be stepped by the first blocking ring groove 95 and the inner ring groove 93, and the first guiding groove 951 forms a sealing line. The sealing effect can be produced. The second blocking ring groove 96 and the second guiding groove 961 are formed to form two sealing lines to ensure that the cooling gear oil 103 does not penetrate into the top bearing 51, thereby ensuring the quality of use.

In summary, the processing machine main shaft and the main shaft sealing device of the present invention have the following advantages and advantages, so that the object of the present invention can be achieved:

1. The invention does not need to be equipped with an inner oil seal and an outer oil seal, which can reduce the number of components of the main shaft 3 of the processing machine and save assembly man-hours.

2. The present invention does not require an interfitting ring groove between the mandrel 30 and the inner ring 62 of the top cover 60 for internal oil seal installation, and does not require the outer ring 61 and the bushing tube 40 of the top cover 60. A matching ring groove is provided between the outer oil seals for installation, which can save manufacturing man-hours and reduce manufacturing costs.

However, the above is only the embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of the invention is not limited thereto, and all the equivalent equivalent changes and modifications according to the scope of the patent application and the patent specification of the present invention are still The scope of the invention is covered.

3‧‧‧Processing machine spindle

30‧‧‧ mandrel

31‧‧‧ bottom section

32‧‧‧ top section

40‧‧‧Blint tube

50‧‧‧ bearing unit

51‧‧‧ top bearing

52‧‧‧Bottom bearing

60‧‧‧ top cover

61‧‧‧ outer ring

62‧‧‧ Inner Ring

70‧‧‧ nuts

8‧‧‧Spindle seal

80‧‧‧Resistance block

81‧‧‧ top surface

82‧‧‧Outer ring

83‧‧‧Inner ring

84‧‧‧ oil drain

90‧‧‧Drive wheel

91‧‧‧ bottom

92‧‧‧ outer ring groove

93‧‧‧ Inner ring groove

931‧‧‧Top edge

94‧‧‧ spacer ring

95‧‧‧First blocking ring groove

951‧‧‧First guide channel

96‧‧‧Second blocking ring groove

961‧‧‧Second guiding channel

100‧‧‧Processing machine

101‧‧‧ machine base

102‧‧‧Cooling room

103‧‧‧Cooling gear oil

Other features and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the embodiments of the drawings, wherein: Figure 1 is a fragmentary partial cross-sectional view of a general machine tool spindle mounted on a machine base; Figure 2 is a view taken from Figure 1 A partial enlarged view showing the prevention of the penetration of the cooling gear oil into the bearing by a labyrinth seal structure and an inner oil seal and an outer oil seal; FIG. 3 is an incomplete partial cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of the machine tool spindle of the present invention mounted on a Figure 4 is a partially exploded perspective view of the embodiment, showing a spindle sealing device including a blocking seat and a transmission wheel; Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the transmission wheel, showing that the transmission wheel has a a blocking ring groove and a second blocking ring groove; Fig. 6 is a partial enlarged view taken from Fig. 3, illustrating the sealing state of the embodiment; and Fig. 7 is a view similar to Fig. 5, illustrating the transmission wheel There is the first blocking ring groove.

3‧‧‧Processing machine spindle

84‧‧‧ oil drain

30‧‧‧ mandrel

90‧‧‧Drive wheel

40‧‧‧Blint tube

92‧‧‧ outer ring groove

51‧‧‧ top bearing

93‧‧‧ Inner ring groove

60‧‧‧ top cover

931‧‧‧Top edge

61‧‧‧ outer ring

95‧‧‧First blocking ring groove

62‧‧‧ Inner Ring

951‧‧‧First guide channel

70‧‧‧ nuts

96‧‧‧Second blocking ring groove

8‧‧‧Spindle seal

961‧‧‧Second guiding channel

80‧‧‧Resistance block

101‧‧‧ machine base

82‧‧‧Outer ring

102‧‧‧Cooling room

83‧‧‧Inner ring

103‧‧‧Cooling gear oil

Claims (8)

A machining machine spindle mounted on a machine seat of a processing machine, comprising: a mandrel rotatably mounted on the machine base; a bushing tube sleeved outside the mandrel and fixedly locked with the machine base a bearing unit having two top bearings and two bottom bearings respectively mounted between the mandrel and the bushing tube; a top cover mounted between the mandrel and the bushing tube and located at the top bearing a top side; a nut locked to the mandrel and located on a top side of the top cover; and a spindle sealing device including a blocking seat disposed on the mandrel and fixed to the bushing tube and the top cover The top side comprises an outer convex ring and an inner convex ring respectively formed on a top surface and concentric, and a plurality of oil holes extending through the outer convex ring in a radial direction, and a transmission wheel disposed on the mandrel and The mandrel is rotatable and located on the top side of the barrier seat, and includes an outer ring groove and an inner ring groove respectively corresponding to the outer convex ring and the inner convex ring formed on a bottom surface, and the outer ring groove and the outer ring groove a spacer ring formed by the inner ring groove, and an enlarged diameter of the inner ring groove and the oil drain hole a first blocking ring groove having a first guiding groove disposed from the top edge toward the top end and adjacent to the periphery, wherein the outer ring groove and the inner ring groove are respectively sleeved on the outer ring ring The inner convex ring is outside and cooperates with each other to form a labyrinth seal structure. The processing machine spindle of claim 1, wherein the transmission wheel further has a second blocking ring groove disposed from the first blocking ring groove toward the bottom end and enlarging the diameter, the second blocking ring groove The inner ring groove and the oil drain hole are connected, and the second block ring groove has a second guide groove disposed from the top edge toward the top end and adjacent to the circumference. The processing machine spindle of claim 1, wherein the first guiding groove is a sharp groove. The processing machine spindle of claim 2, wherein the first guiding groove is a sharp groove, and the second guiding groove is a sharp groove. A spindle sealing device mounted on a spindle of a main shaft, comprising: a blocking seat disposed on the mandrel, comprising a convex ring and an inner convex ring respectively formed on a top surface of the blocking seat and concentrically, And a plurality of oil holes extending through the outer convex ring in a radial direction; and a driving wheel disposed on the mandrel and driving the mandrel to rotate and located on the top side of the blocking seat, respectively corresponding to the outer convex ring, The inner ring is formed on a bottom surface of the transmission wheel and is concentric with an outer ring groove and an inner ring groove, a spacer ring formed by the outer ring groove and the inner ring groove, and a spacer ring disposed in the spacer ring The inner ring groove and the oil discharge holes are gradually enlarged by a first blocking ring groove, and the first blocking ring groove has a first guiding groove disposed from the top edge toward the top end and adjacent to the circumference. The spindle seal device of claim 5, wherein the transmission wheel further has a second blocking ring groove disposed from the first blocking ring groove toward the bottom end and enlarging the diameter, the second blocking ring groove Connecting the inner ring groove and the oil drain holes, The second blocking ring groove has a second guiding groove disposed from the top edge toward the top end and adjacent to the circumference. The processing machine spindle of claim 5, wherein the first guiding groove is a sharp groove. The processing machine spindle of claim 6, wherein the first guiding groove is a sharp groove, and the second guiding groove is a sharp groove.