TWI569148B - Automatic detection of transmission - Google Patents

Description

Transmission automatic detection technology method

The invention relates to a method for data transmission, in particular to a method for transmitting automatic detection technology.

Modern serial communication is moving towards high-wide communication technology. USB, HDMI, DisplayPort, Thunderbolt, and EtherCAD interfaces have been proposed, but the transmission distance is short.

The transmission interface used in general communication, such as RS232, RS422, RS485 communication interface is stable, because of its simple architecture, high anti-noise capability and low hardware cost, it is still widely used in data transmission and automation of people's livelihood and industrial instruments. Control and GPS communication; however, the two parameters must meet the following parameters before transmitting the data. "1. Must set the same Baud Rate" and "2. Same packet format". Otherwise, the data will not be available. Correct and complete transmission, therefore, the parameter conditions (bow rate and packet format) cannot be randomly changed, thus limiting the application of automation equipment.

Therefore, in recent years, the Auto Baud Rate (ABR) technology has been developed to enable the receiver controller to determine the baud rate set by the transmitter controller based on the received signal to solve the problem of baud rate matching. The related research can be roughly developed from both software and hardware. The existing technologies mainly include:

1. The receiver first detects the period between each of the two received signals in a series of signals (fall edge or rise edge), and selects the smallest period value as a variable, and estimates the transmission by a probability density function. The baud rate set by the end controller uses the software to allow the receiving end controller to automatically recognize the baud rate of the adapting transmitting end controller, but the probability density function is limited by the environmental conditions and increases the BER (Bit Error Rate).

2. Starting from the calculus strategy, the principle is to set the baud rate of the receiving controller first, such as 9600, so when the transmitting end adopts the baud rate of 9600, the receiving end will receive the complete packet content; The data is transmitted at a rate of 4800. Because 9600/4800=2, the receiving end will receive the same bit data twice, in order to infer the baud rate used by the transmitting end.

3. At the receiving end, a specially designed Auto Baud Rate Detect (ABRD) chip, the Si8900, can automatically recognize the baud rate of the sending end from the packet output from the transmitting end, and adapt the receiving end to communicate. However, in conjunction with the identification, the transmitting controller must send 16 additional 0XAA special packets for identification by the receiving controller before transmitting the data, and increase the 0X55 data that is recognized by the Si8900.

However, in any case, although the above methods improve the baud rate matching problem, it is necessary to modify the firmware or hardware circuit, in addition to being unable to be compatible with the current system, thereby increasing the development cost, and hiding a serious drawback, that is, still unable to Knowing the packet format setting of the transmitting end controller, resulting in poor reliability of the handshake, it is necessary to improve.

Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a method for automatic transmission detection technology, which can achieve automatic matching of parameter settings at both ends of the communication without changing the existing hardware and firmware, and increase the reliability and provision of the handshake mechanism. More operational features.

Therefore, the method for transmitting automatic detection technology of the present invention is mainly applied to at least two communication interfaces capable of mutual communication, the communication interface is RS-232, and the communication interface masks a plurality of transmission pins, an encoder and an The encoder and the transmission pin are connected to the transceiver controller, and the encoder has a transmission group capable of encoding the data signal, and a receiving group for receiving the data signal, and the receiving automatic detection technology includes There are steps of establishing a command channel, performing parameter matching, and performing data transmission; wherein, first, a parameter is not established between the existing transmission pins (such as CTS/RTS) of the communication interface (bow rate/packet format) /frequency) After setting the command channel (that is, establishing the command channel step), when the data transmission is to be performed, the transmitting end first encodes the parameter, and then transmits the command channel to the receiving group of another communication interface, so that the The communication interface can automatically match the parameter settings at both ends of the transmission and reception for the data transmission, so it can be effectively improved without changing the existing hardware and firmware. Hold reliability and more operation functions; in addition, when it can be extended to use on RS-422 or RS-485 communication interface, only need to use a dedicated line to form a command channel, which can achieve the function of automatically adjusting transmission parameters. At the same time, different transmission interfaces (RS-232, RS-422, RS-485) can be directly transmitted. The characteristics of the input parameter matching effectively increase the functions of the field of automation control applications.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication interface according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a schematic structural diagram of an encoder according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 3 is a block diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

4 is a schematic diagram of a connection of an RS-323 communication interface according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a connection of an RS-422/RS-485 communication interface according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a table of bit material conversion table according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the error step size coefficient according to a transmission environment according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing the relative relationship between the error crossing value and the error step coefficient according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a structural diagram of a test platform entity according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a structural diagram of a test platform according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

【annex】

Annex 1 is a test result diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

The above and other technical contents, features, and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments White.

Referring to FIG. 1 , a first embodiment of the present invention transmits an automatic detection technology method, which is mainly applied to at least two communication interfaces that can communicate with each other, and the communication includes a plurality of transmission pins, an encoder, and a a transceiver controller connectable to the encoder and the transmission pin; wherein the communication interface is RS-232; and the transceiver controller can receive the value output by the encoder, and convert the value into The number of pulses is transmitted to the transceiver controller of another communication interface to be communicated.

Referring to FIG. 2, the encoder has a transmission group for encoding a data signal, and a receiving group for decoding and restoring after receiving the data signal; wherein the transmission group includes a coding unit, an error step coefficient generation unit, and a An error crossing value generating unit, and a first processing unit connected to the encoding unit, the error step coefficient generating unit, and the error crossing value generating unit, wherein the encoding unit converts the desired data into a binary value, and the And generating, by the error step coefficient generating unit and the error crossing value generating unit, an error step coefficient and an error crossing value, respectively, and performing the foregoing coefficients and the overshoot value in the first processing unit, And integrated into a transmission value, and converted into a numerical signal output by the transceiver controller; further, the receiving end has a decoding unit, a second processing unit connected to the decoder, and a second processing unit The error step coefficient generating unit, and the foregoing decoding unit receives the transceiver controller The digital signal is decoded, transmitted to the second processing unit, and then removed The error step coefficient generated by the error step coefficient generating unit has obtained a binary value, and the processing unit rounds off the decimal point and has obtained an integer, and the transmission data has been obtained, and of course, the receiving end can be made more timely.

Referring to FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, when the present invention is used, the automatic transmission detection technology method includes the steps of establishing a command channel, performing a parameter matching step, performing a data transmission step, etc.; the steps are as follows:

(1) Step of establishing command channel: it is set between any two communication interfaces, and is connected by using the transmission pin of the communication interface, and the command channel does not need to set parameters (such as baud rate/packet format/bandwidth), In actual use, the transmission pin (RTS/CTS) can be used as a command channel; in addition, if it is used in RS-422/RS-485, as shown in Figure 5, a dedicated line is also established to utilize the dedicated line. As a command channel, in the following embodiment, only the communication interface is RS-232 as an example.

(2) Parameter matching step: after the parameter is encoded by the transmission group, after the command channel is transmitted to the receiving group, the receiving group decodes the parameter and the receiving and receiving controller of the receiving group will automatically After adjusting the parameters set by the transceiver controller of the transmitting end, the flow is as follows: the transmitting group encodes the transmitted data in units of bits, and converts the bit data into a relative binary value according to FIG. 6 before being transmitted. Its value relative to the decimal value is Numb, and then according to the formula (1), multiply the error step coefficient first, and then add the error overshoot value, the purpose is to place the bit data (Data) less The high-order area (b(n+1) and b(n)) of the noise interference, the low-order area composed of the error step coefficient and the error override value, stores the error caused by the noise during the transmission, and the relative The relationship is expressed by equation (1); in addition, the error step coefficient can be communicated by communication The environment is defined (as shown in FIG. 7), and as such, the error crossing value and the error step coefficient can be obtained as shown in FIG. 8.

M = Numb × error step coefficient + error override value. . Formula 1)

Num is a decimal value relative to (b(n+1)b(n)), M is a scalar quantity, determines the number of waves of the output, and adds the error step coefficient and the error overshoot value. To meet the error caused by positive and negative noise; in practice, the encoded bit data has a pulse sequence determined by the M number in the communication medium, so if the 8-bit data is transmitted, there are 8 time lengths. The pulse sequence and a (b(n+1)b(n)=11) end wave sequence are used to inform the receiving and receiving controller of the receiving end, and the packet ends.

After receiving the pulse wave sequence, the receiving group reversely decodes the restored data. The communication bandwidth is wide. If the transmission bandwidth is defined as f _λ and v is the speed representing the pulse wave (called the encoding speed), the transmission bandwidth can be calculated according to the following equation (2).

Therefore, when b(n+1)b(n)=11 represents the end of the packet, the packet length can be automatically identified, and only the number of pulses is calculated, so that the communication bandwidth can be automatically adjusted without setting parameters during communication; The receiving and receiving controller of the receiving group end automatically adjusts the parameters set by the transmitting and receiving controller of the transmitting group end, so the parameter data is transmitted through the command channel that is not required to be set before communication between CTS/RTS. The setting is the command.

(3) Data transfer step: After the matching is completed, the data transfer operation can be performed through the transfer pin (TX/RX).

In conjunction with reference 9, FIG. 10, in addition, in order to prove the feasibility of the present invention, a personal computer and ARDUINO UNO development board architecture test platform, wherein the personal computer is connected via USB-RS232 and connected to an ARDUINO UNO development board.埠Connected, virtualized as an RS232 interface A, while another ARDUINO UNO development board is set up to another RS232 interface B, two analog RS232 interfaces, except for the 10th and 11th corners of the serial communication department, while selecting the 6th The foot acts as a CTS, and the 8th foot is modeled as an RTS, and is structured as a command channel. Finally, the ARDUINO UNO overall development environment (IDE) is used as a human-machine interface to monitor the conversion and execution process.

The test results are shown in Annex 1. The RS232 interface B is selected by the random number to select the arbitrary baud rate. First, the parameter value is sent after the change through the command channel, and then the test word (Test Word)->>>> >>>>>> The test word after parameter be changed !!", and RS232 interface A is responsible for receiving the command channel command first, setting the automatic matching to the parameter setting of RS323 interface B, receiving this test word and Displayed in the human machine interface in the personal computer, and when the two ends of the communication have the same parameters, the displayed test words will be correct. Observe the results shown in Annex I, 100% correct, the accuracy is quite high, and the experiment is randomly transmitted at the end. By comparing the results, it proves that the method of this study is indeed feasible.

In summary, the present invention has the following effects as compared with the prior art, and is described in detail as follows:

1. In the existing RS-232 communication interface, the present invention does not need to change the existing hardware and firmware, and uses the existing transmission pin to establish a command channel without parameter setting, and by the transmission group and the receiving group Coding and writing relative programming can automatically match the parameter settings at both ends of the communication, effectively improving the reliability of the handshake and more operational functions.

2. When extending to the RS-422/RS-485 communication interface, it can still retain the existing hardware and firmware, and only need to use a dedicated line to form a command channel, which can achieve the function of automatically adjusting the transmission parameters. At the same time, because both the transmission group and the receiving group have the same coding design, it can be transmitted in different transmission interfaces (RS-232, RS-422, RS-485) as long as the command channel is established. The function of parameter matching effectively increases the functionality of the field of automation control applications.

In summary, the method for transmitting automatic detection technology of the present invention first uses a command channel set between a transmission pin (such as CTS/RTS) of the communication interface to establish a parameter (bow rate/packet format/bandwidth). When the data transmission is to be performed, the transmitting end first encodes the parameters, and then transmits the command channel to the receiving group of another communication interface, so that the communication interface can automatically match the parameter settings of the transmitting and receiving ends, so as to facilitate The data transmission is carried out, so that it is possible to effectively improve the grip reliability and more operational functions without changing the existing hardware and firmware, so that the object of the present invention can be achieved.

The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and the simple equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the scope of the present invention and the contents of the invention are generally modified. All should remain within the scope of the invention patent.

Claims (5)

A transmission automatic detection technology method is mainly applied to at least two mutual communication communication interfaces for data transmission; wherein the communication interface is RS-232, and the communication interface masks a plurality of transmission pins and an encoder And a transceiver controller connectable to the encoder and the transmission pin, and the encoder has a transmission group capable of encoding the data signal, and a receiving group for decoding and restoring the data signal; the sequence is as follows : establishing a command channel step, which is set between any two communication interfaces, and is connected by using a transmission pin of the communication interface, and the command channel does not need to set parameters; performing a parameter matching step, the transmission group first encodes the parameters After the command channel is transmitted to the receiving group, the receiving group decodes and knows its parameters, and the receiving and receiving controller of the receiving group is automatically adapted to the parameters set by the transmitting and receiving controller of the transmitting end; The two transceiver controllers transmit/receive data messages. The method for transmitting automatic detection technology according to claim 1 of the patent application scope, wherein the command channel uses a CTS/RTS transmission pin in RS-232 as a command channel. The method for transmitting automatic detection technology according to claim 1, wherein the transmission group includes a coding unit, an error step coefficient generation unit, an error crossing value generation unit, and an encoding unit and an error level. a first processing unit connected to the coefficient generating unit and the error crossing value generating unit, and the foregoing encoding unit converts the data to be transmitted into a binary number a value, and the binary value is generated by the error step coefficient generating unit and the error crossing value generating unit respectively, and an error step value and an error crossing value are respectively generated, and the foregoing coefficients and the exceeding value are used in the first processing unit Performing an operation, and integrating into a transmission value, and converting the signal into a value signal output by the transceiver controller; further, the receiving end has a decoding unit, a second processing unit connected to the decoder, and a first An error step coefficient generating unit connected to the processing unit, wherein the decoding unit decodes the value signal received by the transceiver controller, transmits the value signal to the second processing unit, and simultaneously divides the error level coefficient generating unit to generate The error step coefficient has obtained a binary value, and the processing unit rounds off the decimal point and has obtained an integer, and the transmission data has been obtained. A transmission automatic detection technology method is mainly applied to at least two mutual communication communication interfaces for data transmission; wherein the communication interface is RS-422/RS-485, and the communication interface masks a plurality of transmission pins And an encoder and a transceiver controller connectable to the encoder and the transmission pin, and the encoder has a transmission group capable of encoding the data signal, and a receiving group for receiving the data signal and then restoring; The sequence is as follows: a command channel step is established, and a dedicated line respectively connected to the transceiver controllers is disposed between the two communication interfaces to form a command channel by using the dedicated line, and the command channel does not need to set parameters; In the matching step, after the transmission group encodes the parameter, after the command channel is transmitted to the receiving group, the receiving group decodes the parameter, and the receiving and receiving controller of the receiving group automatically adapts to the transmitting end. The parameters set by the transceiver controller; The data transmission step is performed, and the two transceiver controllers transmit/receive data messages. The method for transmitting automatic detection technology according to claim 4, wherein the transmission group includes a coding unit, an error step coefficient generation unit, an error crossing value generation unit, and a coding unit and an error level. a first processing unit connected to the coefficient generating unit and the error crossing value generating unit, and the foregoing encoding unit converts the data to be transmitted into a binary value, and the binary value passes through the error step coefficient generating unit and the error crossing value An error step coefficient and an error pass value are respectively generated in the generating unit, and the foregoing coefficients and the overshoot value are calculated in the first processing unit, and integrated into a transmission value, and converted into a numerical signal by the transmitting and receiving a controller output; in addition, the receiving end has a decoding unit, a second processing unit connected to the decoder, and an error step coefficient generating unit connected to the second processing unit, and the foregoing decoding unit The numerical signal received by the transceiver controller is decoded and transmitted to the second processing unit, and at the same time Dividing by the error step coefficient generated by the error step coefficient generating unit, a binary value has been obtained, and the processing unit rounds off the decimal point and has obtained an integer, and the transmission data has been obtained.