TWI568925B - Solid-hydrogen carbon deposit removal control apparatus - Google Patents
Solid-hydrogen carbon deposit removal control apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- TWI568925B TWI568925B TW105103910A TW105103910A TWI568925B TW I568925 B TWI568925 B TW I568925B TW 105103910 A TW105103910 A TW 105103910A TW 105103910 A TW105103910 A TW 105103910A TW I568925 B TWI568925 B TW I568925B
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一種固態氫除積碳控制設備，尤指用於利用固態氫清除引擎積碳之控制設備。 A solid hydrogen decarburization control device, especially a control device for utilizing solid hydrogen to remove carbon deposits from an engine.
按，一般現今汽機車大多使用燃油引擎，而燃油引擎係利用燃燒霧化油氣以產生動力，長時間使用後會於燃燒過程中在汽缸體內進排汽門、燃燒室、火星塞及活塞等機件表面產生積碳現象，又因現今汽機車大多數係短程行駛在市區，使汽機車僅能在速限每小時50公里下行駛，因此，汽機車之引擎長時間在低速狀態下運轉，造成油氣的燃燒不完全造成一氧化碳(CO)、碳氫化合物(HC)及氮氧化物(NOX)排放汙染源，而產生大量的積碳，該類積碳容易堆積在燃燒室、進氣門、排氣門、噴油嘴、火星塞、進氣閥門以及貼黏在進氣岐管節氣閥中燃燒不完全而造成高油耗、運轉效率不佳及引擎爆震不易發動等問題，甚至於對引擎機件造成損壞。 Generally, most of today's steam locomotives use a fuel engine, and the fuel engine uses combustion to atomize oil and gas to generate power. After a long period of use, it will enter and exit the cylinder, combustion chamber, spark plug and piston in the cylinder during combustion. The surface of the piece produces carbon deposits, and because most of today's steam locomotives are short-distance driving in urban areas, the steam locomotive can only travel at a speed limit of 50 kilometers per hour. Therefore, the engine of the steam locomotive runs at a low speed for a long time. The combustion of oil and gas does not completely cause pollution sources of carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons (HC) and nitrogen oxides (NO X ), but generates a large amount of carbon deposits, which are easily accumulated in the combustion chamber, intake valves, Exhaust valves, fuel injectors, spark plugs, intake valves, and incomplete combustion caused by incomplete combustion in the intake manifold, resulting in high fuel consumption, poor operating efficiency, and engine knocking are not easy to start, even for engines Damage to the mechanism.
為清除汽機車於行駛過程中所生成的積碳，現有的因應方式，主要係將氫氣透過管線導入汽機車之引擎中，使氫氣與引擎中的積碳結合，再藉由氫氣燃點低及親氧的助燃特性，使引擎在運轉時，可燃燒該氫氣與積碳的合成物，將積碳奈米化形成微小的碳元素而完全燃燒，並隨著排氣管線排出，即可排除引擎內的積碳； 請參閱中華民國專利公告第M471498號之氫氧除碳機及其引擎熄火自動偵測裝置，其主要是將震動感測器設置在夾持具握把的一彈簧的末端，當引擎停止運轉時，感測器會停止引擎除碳裝置的運轉以中止氫氣的運送，然而，此種作法卻無法了解引擎之積碳是否清除完畢，再者，停止運送後仍會有部份之氫氣充滿在管線中，因此氫氣可能透過管線滲透至汽機車的引擎中，當汽機車的引擎重新發動運轉時，可能產生氫氣爆炸而造成安全上的疑慮。 In order to eliminate the carbon deposit generated by the steam locomotive during the driving process, the existing response method mainly introduces hydrogen into the engine of the steam locomotive through the pipeline, so that the hydrogen is combined with the carbon deposit in the engine, and the hydrogen is low by the hydrogen. The combustion-supporting property of oxygen allows the engine to burn the hydrogen-carbon composite during operation, and carbonizes the carbon to form a tiny carbon element for complete combustion, and can be eliminated from the engine as it is exhausted. Carbon deposit Please refer to the hydrogen-oxygen carbon removal machine of the Republic of China Patent No. M471498 and its automatic engine flameout detection device, which mainly sets the vibration sensor at the end of a spring of the gripper grip when the engine is stopped. The sensor stops the operation of the engine decarburization device to stop the delivery of hydrogen. However, this method does not know whether the carbon deposit of the engine has been removed. Further, after the transportation is stopped, part of the hydrogen is still filled in the pipeline. Therefore, hydrogen may penetrate into the engine of the steam locomotive through the pipeline. When the engine of the steam locomotive is restarted, a hydrogen explosion may occur, causing safety concerns.
是以，要如何解決上述習知之問題與缺失，即為相關業者所亟欲研發之課題所在。 Therefore, how to solve the above-mentioned problems and shortcomings is the subject of research and development that the relevant industry is eager to develop.
本發明之主要目的乃在於，利用控制裝置之流量設定器，依據車輛之引擎排氣量及汽缸數與一定的空氣、燃料與氫氣之混合比例計算出適當之流量值，讓控制裝置對車輛之引擎進行積碳清除時，可以控制定量之氫氣供給車輛，以確保引擎之積碳在形成氫化學反應之下提升助燃效果，積碳得以順利清除，並逐步降低廢氣排放趨近於零。 The main purpose of the present invention is to use the flow rate setter of the control device to calculate an appropriate flow rate value according to the engine exhaust volume and the number of cylinders and a certain ratio of air, fuel and hydrogen, so that the control device is on the vehicle. When the engine performs carbon removal, it can control the quantitative hydrogen supply vehicle to ensure that the carbon deposit of the engine enhances the combustion-supporting effect under the formation of hydrogen chemical reaction, the carbon deposition can be smoothly removed, and the exhaust gas emission is gradually reduced to zero.
為達上述目的，本發明之固態氫除積碳控制設備係設置有控制裝置以及氫氣載體，控制裝置具有進氣口以及出氣口，進氣口係連接於氫氣載體，出氣口係連接於車輛之進氣歧管，且控制裝置具有流量設定器，流量設定器係設定有複數個流量值，該流量值係依據車輛之引擎排氣量及汽缸數，利用一定的空氣、燃料與氫氣之混合比例計算所得，當控制裝置對車輛之引擎清除積碳時，係先發動車輛之引擎，並讓控制裝置依據流量設定器所設定之流量值，將氫氣載體所儲存之氫氣輸送至車輛之進氣歧管。 In order to achieve the above object, the solid hydrogen decarburization control device of the present invention is provided with a control device and a hydrogen carrier, the control device has an air inlet and an air outlet, the air inlet is connected to the hydrogen carrier, and the air outlet is connected to the vehicle. An intake manifold, and the control device has a flow rate setter, and the flow setter is configured with a plurality of flow values, which are based on a mixture ratio of air, fuel and hydrogen according to the engine exhaust volume and the number of cylinders of the vehicle. Calculated, when the control device removes carbon deposits from the engine of the vehicle, the engine of the vehicle is first started, and the control device transmits the hydrogen stored in the hydrogen carrier to the intake air of the vehicle according to the flow value set by the flow setter. tube.
1‧‧‧控制裝置 1‧‧‧Control device
11‧‧‧進氣口 11‧‧‧air inlet
12‧‧‧出氣口 12‧‧‧ air outlet
13‧‧‧時間設定器 13‧‧‧Time Setter
131‧‧‧待機時間設定值 131‧‧‧Standby time setting
132‧‧‧運轉時間設定值 132‧‧‧Operating time set value
14‧‧‧工作控制器 14‧‧‧Working controller
141‧‧‧循環次數設定值 141‧‧‧ Cycle number setting
15‧‧‧流量設定器 15‧‧‧Flower Setter
151‧‧‧流量值 151‧‧‧ flow value
16‧‧‧流量表 16‧‧‧Flow Meter
2‧‧‧氫氣載體 2‧‧‧ Hydrogen carrier
3‧‧‧內視鏡 3‧‧‧Endoscope
4‧‧‧氣體排放偵測器 4‧‧‧ gas emission detector
5‧‧‧車輛 5‧‧‧ Vehicles
51‧‧‧進氣歧管 51‧‧‧Intake manifold
52‧‧‧引擎 52‧‧‧ engine
53‧‧‧排氣歧管 53‧‧‧Exhaust manifold
第一圖係為本發明第一實施例之方塊圖。 The first figure is a block diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention.
第二圖係為本發明氫氣流量設定值之分析表。 The second figure is an analysis table of the hydrogen flow set value of the present invention.
第三圖係為本發明第二實施例之方塊圖。 The third figure is a block diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention.
請參閱第一圖與第二圖所示，由圖中可清楚看出，本發明係設置有控制裝置1，控制裝置1具有進氣口11、出氣口12、時間設定器13、工作控制器14、流量設定器15與流量表16，其中：該進氣口11係連接有氫氣載體2,該氫氣載體2為固態氫載體，用以存放氫氣。 Referring to the first and second figures, it can be clearly seen from the figure that the present invention is provided with a control device 1 having an air inlet 11, an air outlet 12, a time setter 13, and a working controller. 14. The flow rate setter 15 and the flow meter 16, wherein the gas inlet port 11 is connected to a hydrogen carrier 2, which is a solid hydrogen carrier for storing hydrogen.
該出氣口12用以輸出氫氣載體2所存放之氫氣，且出氣口12係連接於車輛5之進氣歧管51。 The air outlet 12 is for outputting hydrogen stored in the hydrogen carrier 2, and the air outlet 12 is connected to the intake manifold 51 of the vehicle 5.
該時間設定器13係設置有待機時間設定值131以及運轉時間設定值132，時間設定器13於執行時，係先執行待機時間設定值131再進行運轉時間設定值132，且時間設定器13執行待機時間設定值131與運轉時間設定值132一次為一循環。 The time setter 13 is provided with a standby time set value 131 and an operation time set value 132. When the time setter 13 is executed, the standby time set value 131 is executed first and then the operation time set value 132 is performed, and the time setter 13 executes. The standby time set value 131 and the operation time set value 132 are one cycle at a time.
該工作控制器14具有循環次數設定值141，此循環次數設定值141為設定時間設定器13執行待機時間設定值131與運轉時間設定值132之循環次數。 The work controller 14 has a cycle number setting value 141 which is the number of cycles in which the set time setter 13 executes the standby time set value 131 and the operation time set value 132.
該流量設定器15係設定有複數個流量值151，請參閱第二圖所示，流量值151係依據車輛5之引擎52排氣量及汽缸數，利用一定的空氣、燃料與氫氣之混合比例計算所得，即複數個流量值151係符合不同排氣量之車輛5，而前述之空氣、燃料與氫氣之混合比，按現今傳統引擎之材質與構造，比例值經測試後以14.35：0.48：0.16為最佳化狀況。 The flow rate setter 15 is provided with a plurality of flow rate values 151. Please refer to the second figure. The flow rate value 151 is based on the exhaust ratio of the engine 52 and the number of cylinders of the vehicle 5, and uses a certain ratio of air, fuel and hydrogen. Calculated, that is, a plurality of flow values 151 are vehicles 5 that meet different displacements, and the aforementioned mixing ratio of air, fuel and hydrogen is according to the material and structure of the conventional engine today, and the ratio is tested to 14.35:0.48: 0.16 is optimized.
該流量表16係用以顯示出氣口12輸出氫氣之流量。 The flow meter 16 is for displaying the flow rate of the hydrogen output from the gas outlet 12.
藉上，當控制裝置1對車輛5之引擎52清除積碳時，係先 依照車輛5之排氣歧管53的排氣量，將流量設定器15調整至適合之流量值151，以及調整時間設定器13與工作控制器14，續先發動車輛5之引擎52，並讓時間設定器13係先以待機時間設定值131所設定之時間，讓車輛5之引擎52運轉，此時控制裝置1不提供氫氣至車輛5，待時間設定器13進入運轉時間設定值132時，控制裝置1依據流量設定器15之流量值151，將氫氣載體2所提供之氫氣輸入至車輛5之進氣歧管51，重複執行時間設定器13所設定之待機時間設定值131與運轉時間設定值132至工作控制器14所設定之循環次數設定值141。 By the way, when the control device 1 removes carbon deposits from the engine 52 of the vehicle 5, According to the exhaust amount of the exhaust manifold 53 of the vehicle 5, the flow rate setter 15 is adjusted to a suitable flow rate value 151, and the time setter 13 and the work controller 14 are adjusted, and the engine 52 of the vehicle 5 is continuously activated, and The time setter 13 first operates the engine 52 of the vehicle 5 at the time set by the standby time set value 131. At this time, the control device 1 does not supply hydrogen gas to the vehicle 5, and when the time setter 13 enters the operation time set value 132, The control device 1 inputs the hydrogen gas supplied from the hydrogen carrier 2 to the intake manifold 51 of the vehicle 5 according to the flow rate value 151 of the flow rate setter 15, and repeats the standby time setting value 131 and the operation time setting set by the time setter 13. The value 132 is set to a cycle number set value 141 set by the work controller 14.
由於控制裝置1對車輛5之引擎52清除積碳時，為依照車輛5之排氣量，將流量設定器15調整至適合之流量值151，因此，控制裝置1所輸出之氫氣量，對於車輛5而言，不會產生過量或不足之情形，以確保引擎之積碳可順利清除，使用者可利用流量表16監控氫氣之輸出量，更加確保引擎之積碳可順利清除。 When the control device 1 removes carbon deposits from the engine 52 of the vehicle 5, the flow rate setter 15 is adjusted to a suitable flow rate value 151 in accordance with the amount of exhaust of the vehicle 5, and therefore, the amount of hydrogen output by the control device 1 is for the vehicle. 5, there will be no excessive or insufficient situation to ensure that the engine's carbon deposit can be smoothly removed, users can use the flow meter 16 to monitor the hydrogen output, to ensure that the engine's carbon can be removed smoothly.
請參閱第三圖所示，由圖中可清楚看出，本發明第二實施例與前述第一實施例之差異在於內視鏡3與氣體排放偵測器4之設置，控制裝置1對車輛5之引擎52清除積碳前，係先以內視鏡3檢查車輛5之引擎52內積碳程度，再依據引擎52內積碳程度來設定時間設定器13以及工作控制器14，而氣體排放偵測器4會於控制裝置1對車輛5之引擎52清除積碳時持續地偵測車輛5經由排氣岐管53所排放出之廢氣，使用者可藉引擎52之積碳程度設定時間設定器13以及工作控制器14，並由氣體排放偵測器4得知清除積碳時，車輛5經由排氣岐管53所排放出氣體中一氧化碳(CO)、碳氫化合物(HC)、二氧化碳(CO2)、與氧氣(O2)關係二氧化碳(CO2)之濃度變化，完全燃燒值一氧化碳(CO=0.00%vol)、碳氫化合物(HC=0ppmvol)、二氧化碳(CO2=14.2%vol)與氧氣 (O2=0.00%vol)，以可藉由二氧化碳(CO2)之濃度判斷引擎52之積碳程度，藉以增加控制裝置1之運作時間，或是停止控制裝置1。 Referring to the third figure, it can be clearly seen from the figure that the difference between the second embodiment of the present invention and the foregoing first embodiment lies in the arrangement of the endoscope 3 and the gas emission detector 4, and the control device 1 is on the vehicle. Before the engine 52 of the engine 52 removes the carbon deposit, the degree of carbon deposition in the engine 52 of the vehicle 5 is first checked by the endoscope 3, and the time setter 13 and the work controller 14 are set according to the carbon deposition degree in the engine 52, and the gas emission detection is performed. The detector 4 continuously detects the exhaust gas discharged from the vehicle 5 via the exhaust manifold 53 when the control device 1 removes the carbon deposit from the engine 52 of the vehicle 5, and the user can set the time setter by the carbon deposition degree of the engine 52. 13 and the work controller 14, and the gas discharge detector 4 knows that when the carbon deposit is removed, the vehicle 5 emits carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbon (HC), carbon dioxide (CO) in the gas via the exhaust manifold 53. 2 ), the change in concentration of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) with oxygen (O 2 ), complete combustion value of carbon monoxide (CO = 0.00% vol), hydrocarbon (HC = 0 ppm vol), carbon dioxide (CO 2 = 14.2% vol) and Oxygen (O 2 =0.00% vol) to determine the engine 52 by the concentration of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) The carbon deposition degree is used to increase the operation time of the control device 1, or to stop the control device 1.
1‧‧‧控制裝置 1‧‧‧Control device
11‧‧‧進氣口 11‧‧‧air inlet
12‧‧‧出氣口 12‧‧‧ air outlet
13‧‧‧時間設定器 13‧‧‧Time Setter
131‧‧‧待機時間設定值 131‧‧‧Standby time setting
132‧‧‧運轉時間設定值 132‧‧‧Operating time set value
14‧‧‧工作控制器 14‧‧‧Working controller
141‧‧‧循環次數設定值 141‧‧‧ Cycle number setting
15‧‧‧流量設定器 15‧‧‧Flower Setter
151‧‧‧流量值 151‧‧‧ flow value
16‧‧‧流量表 16‧‧‧Flow Meter
2‧‧‧氫氣載體 2‧‧‧ Hydrogen carrier
5‧‧‧車輛 5‧‧‧ Vehicles
51‧‧‧進氣歧管 51‧‧‧Intake manifold
52‧‧‧引擎 52‧‧‧ engine
53‧‧‧排氣歧管 53‧‧‧Exhaust manifold
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| CN114370334A (en) * | 2020-10-14 | 2022-04-19 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Engine cleaning method and cleaning system for hybrid vehicle and hybrid vehicle |
| CN114856842A (en) * | 2022-04-07 | 2022-08-05 | 东风汽车集团股份有限公司 | HHO-based combustion control system and method for internal combustion engine |
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