TWI557097B - Shape memeory alloy ceramic composite material for three dimensional printing and application method thereof - Google Patents

Description

Memory alloy ceramic composite material for three-dimensional printing and application method thereof

The invention relates to a material for three-dimensional printing and a method for applying the same, and in particular to a memory alloy ceramic composite material for three-dimensional printing and a method for applying the same.

With the rapid development of technology, traditional flat copying technology can no longer meet the needs of use. In view of this, many manufacturers are actively involved in the development and research of three-dimensional printing (or three-dimensional printing) technology. Common three-dimensional printing technologies include Additive Manufacturing (AM), and current laminated manufacturing technologies are mainly based on Laser Sintering. In the laser sinter lamination manufacturing technology, how to increase the density and strength of the listed three-dimensional objects is an object of development for those skilled in the art.

The invention provides a memory alloy ceramic composite material for three-dimensional printing and an application method thereof, which can reduce the influence of the rapid change of thermal energy and temperature on the thermal stress caused by the ceramic powder, and reduce the occurrence of cracks, thereby further improving the The density and strength of the printed three-dimensional object.

The invention provides a memory alloy ceramic composite material for three-dimensional printing, comprising ceramic powder and memory alloy powder. The material of the ceramic powder includes zirconia, alumina, tantalum nitride, tantalum carbide or ruthenium oxide. Memory alloy powder materials include gold-cadmium alloy, silver-cadmium alloy, copper-zinc alloy, copper-zinc-aluminum alloy, copper-zinc-tin alloy, copper-zinc-bismuth alloy, copper-tin alloy, copper- Zinc-gallium alloy, indium-titanium alloy, gold-copper-zinc alloy, nickel-aluminum alloy, iron-platinum alloy, titanium-nickel alloy, titanium-nickel-palladium alloy, titanium-niobium alloy, uranium-niobium alloy or iron - Manganese-sulfur alloy. After the memory alloy ceramic composite material is irradiated by laser light, the memory alloy powder is melted and filled into the gap between the ceramic powder bodies.

The present invention proposes a three-dimensional printing method comprising the following steps. First, the aforementioned memory alloy ceramic composite material is provided on a substrate. Next, the memory alloy ceramic composite material for three-dimensional printing is irradiated with laser light to melt the memory alloy powder and fill the gap between the ceramic powder bodies to form a three-dimensional printing material.

Based on the above, the memory alloy ceramic composite material for three-dimensional printing of the present invention is irradiated with laser light, wherein the memory alloy powder is melted and filled into the gap between the ceramic powder bodies. That is, after being irradiated by laser light, the memory alloy powder can be used as a bonding agent for ceramic powder bonding to form a three-dimensional printing material. In this way, the thermal stress caused by the ceramic powder can be reduced and reduced by the rapid change of thermal energy and temperature. Less cracking occurs. Therefore, the three-dimensional printing method performed by the memory alloy ceramic composite material proposed by the present invention can further enhance the density and strength of the printed three-dimensional object.

The above described features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following description.

10‧‧‧Substrate

100‧‧‧Laser light

200‧‧‧Memory Alloy Ceramic Composites

202‧‧‧Memory alloy powder

202a‧‧‧melted memory alloy powder

204‧‧‧Ceramic powder

205‧‧‧3D printing materials

1 to 2 are schematic flow charts of a three-dimensional printing method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The memory alloy ceramic composite material for three-dimensional printing according to an embodiment of the present invention may include ceramic powder and memory alloy powder. The material of the ceramic powder may include zirconium oxide, aluminum oxide, silicon nitride, silicon carbide or silicon oxide. The material of the memory alloy powder may include gold-cadmium alloy (Au-Cd), silver-cadmium alloy (Ag-Cd), copper-zinc alloy (Cu-Zn), copper-zinc-aluminum alloy (Cu-Zn-Al). ), Cu-Zn-Sn alloy, Cu-Zn-Si, Cu-Sn, Cu-Sn, Cu-Zn -Ga), Indium-Titanium Alloy (In-Ti), Gold-Copper-Zinc Alloy (Au-Cu-Zn), Nickel-Aluminum Alloy (Ni-Al), Iron-Platinum Alloy (Fe-Pt), Titanium- Nickel alloy (Ti-Ni), titanium-nickel-palladium alloy (Ti-Ni-Pd), titanium-bismuth alloy (Ti-Nb), Uranium-niobium alloy (U-Nb) or iron-manganese-sulfur alloy (Fe-Mn-S). In the present embodiment, the content of the ceramic powder is, for example, 60% by weight to 95% by weight, and the content of the memory alloy powder is, for example, 5% by weight to 40% by weight. The particle diameter of the ceramic powder is, for example, 1 μm to 50 μm, and the particle diameter of the memory alloy powder is, for example, 100 nm to 10 μm.

The memory alloy powder is composed of Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) and therefore has a Shape Memory Effect (SME). The shape memory effect of the memory alloy powder can be heated to a certain temperature after being processed and shaped, deformed by an external force, and cooled and frozen in a deformed state. After that, when the temperature is again heated to a certain temperature, the stress is released, and the original shaping state can be automatically restored. Since the memory alloy powder has a shape memory effect, the three-dimensional object printed by the memory alloy ceramic composite material proposed by the present invention can be easily deformed after forming.

On the other hand, the memory alloy powder is more Pseudoelasticity. That is, when the memory alloy powder is subjected to a limited plastic deformation (non-linear elastic deformation) at a temperature higher than the phase transformation temperature, the direct release stress can be used to restore the deformation before the deformation. Original shape. Since the memory alloy powder has pseudo-elasticity, when the memory alloy ceramic composite material for three-dimensional printing of the present invention is irradiated by laser light, thermal stress causes the memory alloy powder to undergo phase transformation and volume expansion, so that it has a barrier crack. To prevent the effect of cracks.

It is to be noted that, in an embodiment of the invention, the material of the memory alloy powder is, for example, a titanium-nickel alloy. At this time, since the titanium-nickel alloy has good wettability to zirconia, the memory alloy powder can be preferably attached to the ceramic powder. On the surface of the body. On the other hand, titanium-nickel alloy and zirconia may form titanium oxide (TiOx), and therefore, the bond between the memory alloy powder and the ceramic powder can be strengthened.

1 to 2 are schematic flow charts of a three-dimensional printing method according to an embodiment of the present invention. The three-dimensional printing method includes three-dimensional printing using a selective alloying (SLS) technique using the memory alloy ceramic composite of the above embodiment. Basically, the memory alloy ceramic composite material is layered on a substrate first, and the scanning and sintering are performed by using laser light, and the powder materials are fused and combined together, and stacked three-dimensionally to obtain a three-dimensional printed object. Hereinafter, the flow of the three-dimensional printing method according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

Referring to FIG. 1, a memory alloy ceramic composite material 200 of the above embodiment is provided and laid on a substrate 10, which includes a memory alloy powder 202 and a ceramic powder body 204. Thereafter, the memory alloy powder 202 and the ceramic powder 204 are irradiated with the laser light 100. In this embodiment, the energy of the laser light 100 ranges from 10W to 100W, and the temperature of the memory alloy ceramic composite 200 is 1000° C. to 1700° C., and the laser light 100 is, for example, a 1064 nm fiber laser source. provide. However, the invention is not limited thereto.

Next, referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 simultaneously, after the memory alloy powder 202 and the ceramic powder body 204 are irradiated by the laser light 100, the memory alloy powder 202 is melted to form the melted memory alloy powder 202a, and the ceramic powder body is filled. In the gap between the 204s, the two are fused together to form a three-dimensional printing material 205, and the memory alloy ceramic composite material 200 is formed. More specifically, after being irradiated by the laser light 100, the formed melted memory alloy powder 202a is equivalent to the bonding of the ceramic powder 204. The bonding agent, therefore, combines the two to form a three-dimensional printing material 205, and helps the memory alloy ceramic composite to shape and enhance the density of the printed three-dimensional object.

In summary, the memory alloy ceramic composite material for three-dimensional printing proposed by the present invention comprises ceramic powder and memory alloy powder. The memory alloy powder has a good heat transfer coefficient and a fast heat transfer rate, so that the thermal stress caused by the ceramic powder can be reduced by the rapid change of heat energy and temperature. Furthermore, since the memory alloy powder has good toughness, the three-dimensional printing method performed by the memory alloy ceramic composite material proposed by the present invention can improve the mechanical properties such as fracture toughness of the printed three-dimensional object and reduce The possibility of crack formation. In addition, the memory alloy powder has more shape memory and pseudo-elasticity. The shape memory property can make the printed three-dimensional object less deformable after being formed, and the pseudo-elasticity has the effect of blocking cracks to prevent cracks from being generated. It should be noted that the memory alloy ceramic composite material for three-dimensional printing proposed by the present invention is irradiated by laser light, and the memory alloy powder in the composite material is melted and filled into the gap between the ceramic powder bodies, The three-dimensional printing materials are obtained by combining and integrating each other; and the three-dimensional printing is performed by using the composite material as a three-dimensional printing material, thereby increasing the density of the three-dimensional objects printed in the three-dimensional printing.

Although the present invention has been disclosed in the above embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention, and any one of ordinary skill in the art can make some changes and refinements without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the scope of the appended claims.

10‧‧‧Substrate

202a‧‧‧melted memory alloy powder

204‧‧‧Ceramic powder

205‧‧‧3D printing materials

Claims (9)

A memory alloy ceramic composite material for three-dimensional printing, comprising: a ceramic powder body, wherein the ceramic powder material comprises zirconia, alumina, tantalum nitride, tantalum carbide or tantalum oxide; and a memory alloy powder, wherein The material of the memory alloy powder includes gold-cadmium alloy, silver-cadmium alloy, copper-zinc alloy, copper-zinc-aluminum alloy, copper-zinc-tin alloy, copper-zinc-bismuth alloy, copper-tin alloy, copper -Zinc-gallium alloy, indium-titanium alloy, gold-copper-zinc alloy, nickel-aluminum alloy, iron-platinum alloy, titanium-nickel alloy, titanium-nickel-palladium alloy, titanium-niobium alloy, uranium-niobium alloy or Iron-manganese-sulfur alloy wherein the memory alloy ceramic composite material for three-dimensional printing is irradiated with a laser beam, and the memory alloy powder is melted and filled into the gap between the ceramic powder bodies. The memory alloy ceramic composite material for three-dimensional printing according to claim 1, wherein the ceramic powder is contained in an amount of 60% by weight to 95% by weight, and the content of the memory alloy powder is 5% by weight to 40% by weight. The memory alloy ceramic composite material for three-dimensional printing according to the first aspect of the invention, wherein the ceramic powder has a particle diameter of from 1 μm to 50 μm, and the memory alloy powder has a particle diameter of from 100 nm to 10 μm. The memory alloy ceramic composite material for three-dimensional printing according to claim 1, wherein the laser light has an energy ranging from 10 W to 100 W, and the temperature of the three-dimensional printing material is from 1000 ° C to 1700 ° C. . A memory alloy ceramic composite for three-dimensional printing as described in claim 1, wherein the laser light is provided by a 1064 nm fiber laser. A three-dimensional printing method comprising: providing a memory alloy ceramic composite material according to claim 1 on a substrate; irradiating the memory alloy ceramic composite material with a laser light; and melting the memory alloy powder And filling a gap between the ceramic powders to form a three-dimensional printing material. The three-dimensional printing method according to claim 6, wherein the ceramic powder is contained in an amount of 60% by weight to 95% by weight, and the content of the memory alloy powder is 5% by weight to 40% by weight. The three-dimensional printing method according to claim 6, wherein the ceramic powder has a particle diameter of from 1 μm to 50 μm, and the memory alloy powder has a particle diameter of from 100 nm to 10 μm. The three-dimensional printing method according to claim 6, wherein the laser light is provided by a 1064 nm fiber laser light source, and the laser light has an energy range of 10 W to 100 W, which is irradiated to the three-dimensional printing. The temperature of the memory alloy ceramic composite is from 1000 ° C to 1700 ° C.