TWI552646B - Low-flicker light-emitting diode lighting device having multiple driving stages - Google Patents
Low-flicker light-emitting diode lighting device having multiple driving stages Download PDFInfo
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Description
本發明相關於一種具備多級驅動階段之發光二極體照明裝置,尤指一種具備多級驅動階段、大操作電壓範圍、高均勻度和低頻閃之發光二極體照明裝置。 The invention relates to a light-emitting diode lighting device with a multi-stage driving stage, in particular to a light-emitting diode lighting device with a multi-stage driving stage, a large operating voltage range, high uniformity and low frequency flashing.
在整流交流(rectified alternative-current,AC)電壓直接驅動的照明應用中,由於發光二極體(light emitting diode,LED)係為一電流驅動元件,其發光亮度與驅動電流之大小成正比,為了達到高亮度和亮度均勻的要求,往往需要使用許多串接之發光二極體來提供足夠光源。串聯發光二極體的數量越多,導通發光裝置所需的順向偏壓越高,發光二極體照明裝置之可操作電壓範圍越小。若發光二極體數量太少,則會使得發光二極體在整流交流電壓具最大值時驅動電流過大,進而影響發光二極體的可靠性。 In a lighting application in which a rectified alternating-current (AC) voltage is directly driven, since a light emitting diode (LED) is a current driving element, the luminance of the light is proportional to the magnitude of the driving current, in order to To achieve high brightness and uniform brightness requirements, it is often necessary to use a plurality of series connected LEDs to provide sufficient light source. The greater the number of series light-emitting diodes, the higher the forward bias required to turn on the light-emitting device, and the smaller the operable voltage range of the light-emitting diode illumination device. If the number of the light-emitting diodes is too small, the light-emitting diodes may have excessive driving current when the rectified AC voltage has a maximum value, thereby affecting the reliability of the light-emitting diode.
發光二極體照明裝置在運作時會調變光通量(luminous flux)和光強度。頻閃(flicker)是一種光源強度隨著時間有明暗變化的不均勻現象,無論人眼是否能夠辨識,頻閃會對人體造成不同程度的影 響,例如頭痛、眼花、眼睛疲勞、心神不安、或引發癲癇等反應。因此,需要一種能夠增加可操作電壓範圍、高可靠性,且能降低頻閃之發光二極體照明裝置。 Luminous diode illumination devices modulate luminous flux and light intensity during operation. A flicker is an uneven phenomenon in which the intensity of a light source changes with time and brightness. Whether the human eye can recognize it or not, the stroboscopic light will cause different degrees of shadow on the human body. Ringing, such as headache, vertigo, eye fatigue, restlessness, or triggering epilepsy. Therefore, there is a need for a light-emitting diode lighting device capable of increasing an operable voltage range, high reliability, and capable of reducing stroboscopic light.
本發明提供一種具備多級驅動階段之發光二極體照明裝置,其包含一第一級驅動階段和一第二級驅動階段。該第一級驅動階段包含一第一發光裝置,由一整流交流電壓來驅動,其依據一第一電流來提供光源;一第二發光裝置,由該整流交流電壓來驅動,其依據一第二電流來提供光源;一第一電流控制器,串聯於該第一發光元件,用來調節該第一電流以使該第一電流之值不超過一第一值;一第二電流控制器,串聯於該第二發光元件,用來調節該第二電流以使該第二電流之值不超過一第二值;一第一電荷儲存單元,並聯於至少該第一發光裝置,用來在該整流交流電壓之值尚不足以導通該第一發光裝置時放電至該第一發光裝置以使該第一發光裝置維持導通;以及一第一路徑控制器,用來導通一第三電流,其一第一端耦接於該第一發光元件和該第一電流控制器之間,且其第二端耦接於該第二電流控制器。該第二級驅動階段包含一第三電流控制器,串聯於該第一級驅動階段,用來導通和調節一第四電流以使該第四電流之值不超過一第三值。 The invention provides a light-emitting diode lighting device with a multi-stage driving stage, which comprises a first-stage driving phase and a second-level driving phase. The first stage driving stage comprises a first illuminating device driven by a rectified AC voltage, which provides a light source according to a first current; and a second illuminating device driven by the rectified AC voltage, according to a second a current source for providing a light source; a first current controller connected in series to the first light emitting element for adjusting the first current such that the value of the first current does not exceed a first value; a second current controller connected in series The second light-emitting element is configured to adjust the second current so that the value of the second current does not exceed a second value; a first charge storage unit is connected in parallel to at least the first light-emitting device for the rectification The value of the alternating voltage is not sufficient to discharge the first light emitting device to the first light emitting device to maintain the first light emitting device to be turned on; and a first path controller for conducting a third current, the first One end is coupled between the first light emitting element and the first current controller, and the second end is coupled to the second current controller. The second stage driving stage includes a third current controller connected in series to the first stage driving stage for turning on and adjusting a fourth current such that the value of the fourth current does not exceed a third value.
101~108‧‧‧發光二極體照明裝置 101~108‧‧‧Lighting diode lighting device
110‧‧‧電源供應電路 110‧‧‧Power supply circuit
112‧‧‧橋式整流器 112‧‧‧Bridge rectifier
A1~A2、B1~B2‧‧‧發光裝置 A 1 ~A 2 , B 1 ~B 2 ‧‧‧Lighting device
CCA1~CCA2、CCA1’~CCA2’‧‧‧第一類型電流控制器 CCA 1 ~CCA 2 , CCA 1 '~CCA 2 '‧‧‧First type current controller
CCB1~CCB2‧‧‧第二類型電流控制器 CCB 1 ~CCB 2 ‧‧‧Second type current controller
CC3‧‧‧第三類型電流控制器 CC 3 ‧‧‧Type 3 Current Controller
CH1~CH4‧‧‧電荷儲存單元 CH 1 ~CH 4 ‧‧‧charge storage unit
UNA1~UNA2、UNA1’~UNA2’‧‧‧電流偵測和控制單元 UNA 1 ~ UNA 2 , UNA 1 '~UNA 2 '‧‧‧ Current detection and control unit
UNB1~UNB2‧‧‧電壓偵測和控制單元 UNB 1 ~UNB 2 ‧‧‧Voltage detection and control unit
UN3‧‧‧偵測和控制單元 UN 3 ‧‧‧Detection and Control Unit
D1~D2‧‧‧路徑控制器 D 1 ~D 2 ‧‧‧path controller
ST1~ST3‧‧‧驅動階段 ST 1 ~ST 3 ‧‧‧Drive phase
ISA1~ISA2、ISA1’~ISA2’、ISB1~ISB2、IS3‧‧‧可調式電流源 ISA 1 ~ ISA 2 , ISA 1 '~ ISA 2 ', ISB 1 ~ ISB 2 , IS 3 ‧ ‧ tunable current source
第1圖至第4圖為本發明實施例中發光二極體照明裝置之示意圖。 1 to 4 are schematic views of a light-emitting diode lighting device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
第5圖至第9圖為本發明實施例中發光二極體照明裝置內複數個驅動階 段運作時之示意圖。 5 to 9 are a plurality of driving stages in the LED lighting device according to the embodiment of the present invention. Schematic diagram of the operation of the segment.
第10圖為本發明實施例中發光二極體照明裝置內發光裝置電流-時間特性之示意圖。 FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing current-time characteristics of a light-emitting device in a light-emitting diode lighting device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
第11圖為本發明實施例中發光二極體照明裝置整體運作之示意圖。 Figure 11 is a schematic view showing the overall operation of the light-emitting diode lighting device in the embodiment of the present invention.
第12圖為一發光二極體照明裝置整體運作之示意圖。 Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the overall operation of a light-emitting diode lighting device.
第13圖至第16圖為本發明其它實施例中發光二極體照明裝置之示意圖。 13 to 16 are schematic views of a light-emitting diode lighting device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
第1圖至第4圖為本發明實施例中發光二極體照明裝置101~104之示意圖。每一發光二極體照明裝置101~104各包含一電源供應電路110和(N+1)級驅動階段ST1~STN+1。電源供應電路110可接收一具正負週期之交流電壓VS,並利用一橋式整流器112來轉換交流電壓VS在負週期內之輸出電壓,因此可提供一整流交流電壓VAC以驅動(N+1)級驅動階段ST1~STN+1,其中整流交流電壓VAC之值隨著時間而有週期性變化。在其它實施例中,電源供應電路110可接收任何交流電壓VS,利用一交流-交流電壓轉換器來進行電壓轉換,並利用橋式整流器112來對轉換後之交流電壓VS進行整流,因此可提供整流交流電壓VAC以驅動(N+1)級驅動階段ST1~STN+1,其中整流交流電壓VAC之值隨著時間而有週期性變化。值得注意的是,電源供應電路110之結構並不限定本發明之範疇。 1 to 4 are schematic views of the light-emitting diode lighting devices 101 to 104 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Each of the light-emitting diode lighting devices 101 to 104 includes a power supply circuit 110 and (N+1)-stage driving stages ST 1 to ST N+1 . The power supply circuit 110 can receive an AC voltage VS with a positive and negative period, and utilize a bridge rectifier 112 to convert the output voltage of the AC voltage VS in a negative period, thereby providing a rectified AC voltage V AC to drive (N+1) The stage drive stages ST 1 ~ST N+1 , wherein the value of the rectified AC voltage V AC varies periodically with time. In other embodiments, the power supply circuit 110 can receive any AC voltage VS, utilize an AC-AC voltage converter for voltage conversion, and utilize the bridge rectifier 112 to rectify the converted AC voltage VS, thus providing The rectified AC voltage V AC is driven to drive the (N+1) stage driving stages ST 1 to ST N+1 , wherein the value of the rectified AC voltage V AC varies periodically with time. It is to be noted that the structure of the power supply circuit 110 does not limit the scope of the present invention.
在發光二極體照明裝置101~103中,第1級至第N級驅動階段ST1~STN中每一驅動階段包含複數個發光裝置、一路徑控制器、一 第一類型電流控制器、一第二類型電流控制器,以及M個電荷儲存單元CH1~CHM,其中N為大於1之整數,而M為不大於2N之正整數。第(N+1)級驅動階段STN+1包含一第三類型電流控制器。 In the LED illumination devices 101-103, each of the first to Nth stages of the driving stages ST 1 to ST N includes a plurality of illumination devices, a path controller, and a first type of current controller. A second type of current controller, and M charge storage units CH 1 -CH M , where N is an integer greater than 1, and M is a positive integer no greater than 2N. The (N+1)th stage drive stage ST N+1 includes a third type of current controller.
在發光二極體照明裝置104中,第1級驅動階段ST1包含複數 個發光裝置,而第2級至第N級驅動階段ST2~STN中每一驅動階段包含複數個發光裝置、一路徑控制器、一第一類型電流控制器、一第二類型電流控制器,以及M個電荷儲存單元CH1~CHM,其中N為大於1之整數,而M為不大於2N之正整數。第(N+1)級驅動階段STN+1包含一第三類型電流控制器。 In the light emitting diode lighting apparatus 104, the first driving phase stage ST 1 comprises a plurality of light-emitting device, and the second-stage through N-th driving stage ST 2 ~ ST N stages each stage comprising a plurality of driving a light emitting device, a a path controller, a first type current controller, a second type current controller, and M charge storage units CH 1 -CH M , where N is an integer greater than 1, and M is a positive integer not greater than 2N. The (N+1)th stage drive stage ST N+1 includes a third type of current controller.
每一第一類型電流控制器包含一可調式電流源和一電流偵 測和控制單元,每一第二類型電流控制器包含一可調式電流源和一電壓偵測和控制單元,而每一第三類型電流控制器包含一可調式電流源和一偵測和控制單元。 Each first type of current controller includes an adjustable current source and a current sense a measurement and control unit, each of the second type of current controller includes an adjustable current source and a voltage detection and control unit, and each of the third type of current controller includes an adjustable current source and a detection and control unit .
為了清楚地說明本發明,說明書全文和圖示中使用下列符號 來表示發光二極體照明裝置101~104中各元件。A1~AN和B1~BN分別代表驅動階段ST1~STN中相對應之發光裝置。D1~DN分別代表驅動階段ST1~STN中相對應之路徑控制器。CCA1~CCAN分別代表驅動階段ST1~STN中相對應之第一類型電流控制器。CCB1~CCBN分別代表驅動階段ST1~STN中相對應之第二類型電流控制器。CCN+1代表驅動階段STN+1中的第三類型電流控制器。ISA1~ISAN分別代表第一類型電流控制器CCA1~CCAN中相對應之可調式電流源。ISB1~ISBN分別代表第 二類型電流控制器CCB1~CCBN中相對應之可調式電流源。ISN+1代表第三類型電流控制器CCN+1中的可調式電流源。UNA1~UNAN分別代表第一類型電流控制器CCA1~CCAN中相對應之電流偵測和控制單元。 UNB1~UNBN分別代表第二類型電流控制器CCB1~CCBN中相對應之電壓偵測和控制單元。UNN+1代表第(N+1)級驅動階段STN+1中的偵測和控制單元。 In order to clearly illustrate the present invention, the following symbols are used throughout the specification and the drawings to indicate the components of the light-emitting diode lighting devices 101-104. A 1 ~A N and B 1 ~B N represent the corresponding light-emitting devices in the driving stages ST 1 to ST N , respectively. D 1 ~ D N represent the corresponding path controllers in the driving stages ST 1 ~ ST N , respectively. CCA 1 ~CCA N represent the corresponding first type of current controllers in the driving stages ST 1 ~ST N , respectively. CCB 1 ~ CCB N represent the corresponding second type of current controllers in the driving stages ST 1 ~ST N , respectively. CC N+1 represents the third type of current controller in the drive phase ST N+1 . ISA 1 ~ ISA N represent the corresponding adjustable current sources in the first type of current controllers CCA 1 ~ CCA N , respectively. ISB 1 ~ISB N represent the corresponding adjustable current sources of the second type current controllers CCB 1 ~CCB N , respectively. IS N+1 represents the adjustable current source in the third type of current controller CC N+1 . UNA 1 ~ UNA N represent the corresponding current detection and control unit of the first type current controllers CCA 1 ~ CCA N respectively. UNB 1 ~ UNB N represent the corresponding voltage detection and control unit of the second type current controllers CCB 1 ~ CCB N respectively. UN N+1 represents the detection and control unit in the (N+1)th stage of the drive phase ST N+1 .
為了清楚地說明本發明,說明書全文和圖示中使用下列符號 來表示發光二極體照明裝置101~104中相關電流和電壓。VIN1~VINN分別代表第1級至第N級驅動階段ST1~STN之跨壓。VAK1~VAKN分別代表相對應第一類型電流控制器CCA1~CCAN之跨壓。VBK1~VBKN分別代表相對應第二類型電流控制器CCB1~CCBN之跨壓。VCK代表第三類型電流控制器CCN+1之跨壓。IAK1~IAKN分別代表流經相對應第一類型電流控制器CCA1~CCAN之電流。IBK1~IBKN分別代表流經相對應第二類型電流控制器CCB1~CCBN之電流。IA1~IAN分別代表流經相對應發光裝置A1~AN之電流。IB1~IBN分別代表流經相對應發光裝置B1~BN之電流。ID1~IDN分別代表流經相對應路徑控制器D1~DN之電流。ISUM1~ISUMN分別代表流經相對應驅動階段ST1~STN之電流。流經發光二極體照明裝置101~104之總電流可由ISUM(N+1)來表示。 In order to clearly illustrate the present invention, the following symbols are used throughout the specification and the drawings to indicate the relevant current and voltage in the light-emitting diode lighting devices 101-104. V IN1 ~ V INN represent the voltage across the first to Nth stages of the driving stages ST 1 to ST N , respectively. V AK1 ~V AKN represent the voltage across the corresponding first type current controllers CCA 1 ~ CCA N , respectively. V BK1 ~V BKN represent the cross-pressure of the corresponding second type current controllers CCB 1 ~CCB N , respectively. V CK represents the voltage across the third type of current controller CC N+1 . I AK1 ~I AKN represent the current flowing through the corresponding first type current controllers CCA 1 ~ CCA N , respectively. I BK1 ~I BKN represent the current flowing through the corresponding second type current controllers CCB 1 ~CCB N , respectively. I A1 ~ I AN represent the currents flowing through the corresponding light-emitting devices A 1 -A N , respectively. I B1 ~I BN represent the currents flowing through the corresponding light-emitting devices B 1 -B N , respectively. I D1 ~I DN represent the currents flowing through the corresponding path controllers D 1 -D N , respectively. I SUM1 ~I SUMN represent the currents flowing through the corresponding driving stages ST 1 ~ST N , respectively. The total current flowing through the LED illumination devices 101-104 can be represented by I SUM(N+1) .
在發光二極體照明裝置101~103之第一級至第N級驅動階 段ST1~STN中,電流偵測和控制單元UNA1~UNAN分別串聯至相對應發光裝置A1~AN和相對應可調式電流源ISA1~ISAN,而電壓偵測和控制單元UNB1~UNBN分別串聯至相對應發光裝置B1~BN和分別並聯於 相對應可調式電流源ISB1~ISBN。電流偵測和控制單元UNA1~UNAN可分別依據電流IAK1~IAKN來分別調節可調式電流源ISA1~ISAN之值。電壓偵測和控制單元UNB1~UNBN可分別依據電壓VBK1~VBKN來分別調節可調式電流源ISB1~ISBN之值。 In the first to Nth stage driving stages ST 1 to ST N of the LED illuminating devices 101 to 103, the current detecting and controlling units UNA 1 to UNA N are respectively connected in series to the corresponding illuminating units A 1 to A N And the corresponding adjustable current sources ISA 1 ~ ISA N , and the voltage detection and control unit UNB 1 ~ UNB N are respectively connected in series to the corresponding illuminating devices B 1 ~ B N and respectively connected to the corresponding adjustable current source ISB 1 ~ ISB N. The current detection and control unit UNA 1 ~ UNA N can adjust the values of the adjustable current sources ISA 1 ~ ISA N respectively according to the currents I AK1 ~ I AKN . The voltage detection and control unit UNB 1 ~UNB N can adjust the values of the adjustable current sources ISB 1 ~ISB N according to the voltages V BK1 ~V BKN , respectively.
在發光二極體照明裝置104之第二級至第N級驅動階段ST2 ~STN中,電流偵測和控制單元UNA2~UNAN分別串聯至相對應發光裝置A2~AN和相對應可調式電流源ISA2~ISAN,而電壓偵測和控制單元UNB2~UNBN分別串聯至相對應發光裝置B2~BN和分別並聯於相對應可調式電流源ISB2~ISBN。電流偵測和控制單元UNA2~UNAN可分別依據電流IAK2~IAKN來分別調節可調式電流源ISA2~ISAN之值。電壓偵測和控制單元UNB2~UNBN可分別依據電壓VBK2~VBKN來分別調節可調式電流源ISB2~ISBN之值。 In the second to Nth stage driving stages ST 2 to ST N of the LED illuminating device 104, the current detecting and controlling units UNA 2 to UNA N are respectively connected in series to the corresponding illuminating units A 2 to A N and phases Corresponding to the adjustable current sources ISA 2 ~ ISA N , the voltage detection and control units UNB 2 ~ UNB N are respectively connected in series to the corresponding illuminators B 2 ~ B N and respectively connected in parallel to the corresponding adjustable current sources ISB 2 ~ ISB N . The current detection and control unit UNA 2 ~UNA N can adjust the values of the adjustable current sources ISA 2 ~ISA N respectively according to the current I AK2 ~I AKN . The voltage detection and control unit UNB 2 ~UNB N can adjust the values of the adjustable current source ISB 2 ~ISB N according to the voltage V BK2 ~V BKN , respectively.
在發光二極體照明裝置101~104之第(N+1)級驅動階段 STN+1中,可調式電流源ISN+1串聯於第1級至第N級驅動階段ST1~STN。在一第一組態中,第三類型電流控制器CCN+1之偵測和控制單元UNN+1可串聯於可調式電流源ISN+1,用來依據電流ISUMN來調節可調式電流源ISN+1之值。在一第二組態中,第三類型電流控制器CCN+1之偵測和控制單元UNN+1可並聯於可調式電流源ISN+1,用來依據電壓VCK來調節可調式電流源ISN+1之值。第1圖至第4圖所示之實施例採用第一組態,但不限定本發明之範疇。 In the (N+1)th driving stage ST N+1 of the LED illumination devices 101-104, the adjustable current source IS N+1 is connected in series to the first to Nth stage driving stages ST 1 to ST N . In a first configuration, the detection and control unit UN N+1 of the third type current controller CC N+1 can be connected in series to the adjustable current source IS N+1 for adjusting the adjustment according to the current I SUMN The value of the current source IS N+1 . In a second configuration, the detection and control unit UN N+1 of the third type current controller CC N+1 can be connected in parallel to the adjustable current source IS N+1 for adjusting the adjustable voltage V CK The value of the current source IS N+1 . The embodiment shown in Figures 1 to 4 employs a first configuration, but does not limit the scope of the invention.
在本發明實施例中,每一發光裝置A1~AN和B1~BN可包含 一個發光二極體,或是複數個串接、並聯或組成陣列之發光二極體。 第1圖至第4圖顯示了採用複數個串接發光二極體之架構,其可包含複數個單介面發光二極體(single-junction LED)、複數個多介面高壓發光二極體(multi-junction high-voltage LED),或不同類型發光二極體之任意組合。然而,發光裝置A1~AN和B1~BN所採用的發光二極體種類或組態並不限定本發明之範疇。在一特定驅動階段中,導通一特定電流控制器所需之壓差電壓(dropout voltage)VDROP小於導通相對應發光裝置所需之切入電壓(cut-in voltage)VCUT。當一特定發光裝置之跨壓大於其切入電壓VCUT時,此特定發光裝置會在導通的ON狀態;當一特定發光裝置之跨壓小於其切入電壓VCUT時,此特定發光裝置會在非導通的OFF狀態。切入電壓VCUT之值相關於相對應發光裝置所採用發光二極體之數目和類型,在不同應用中可具不同值,但不限定本發明之範疇。 In the embodiment of the present invention, each of the light-emitting devices A 1 -A N and B 1 -B N may comprise one light-emitting diode, or a plurality of light-emitting diodes connected in series, in parallel or in an array. Figures 1 through 4 show an architecture using a plurality of series-connected light-emitting diodes, which may include a plurality of single-junction LEDs and a plurality of multi-interface high-voltage light-emitting diodes (multi -junction high-voltage LED), or any combination of different types of light-emitting diodes. However, the type or configuration of the light-emitting diode employed in the light-emitting devices A 1 to A N and B 1 to B N does not limit the scope of the present invention. In a particular drive phase, the dropout voltage V DROP required to turn on a particular current controller is less than the cut-in voltage V CUT required to turn on the corresponding illuminator. When the voltage across a particular illuminating device is greater than its cut-in voltage V CUT , the particular illuminating device will be in an ON state; when the voltage across a particular illuminating device is less than its cut-in voltage V CUT , the particular illuminating device will be non- The OFF state of the conduction. The value of the cut-in voltage V CUT is related to the number and type of light-emitting diodes used in the corresponding light-emitting device, and may have different values in different applications, but does not limit the scope of the present invention.
在本發明實施例中,M個電荷儲存單元CH1~CHM中每一電 荷儲存單元可採用一電容,或是其它具備類似功能之一個或多個元件。然而,電荷儲存單元CH1~CHM的種類和組態並不限定本發明之範疇。 In the embodiment of the present invention, each of the M charge storage units CH 1 -CH M may use a capacitor or other one or more components having similar functions. However, the kind and configuration of the charge storage units CH 1 to CH M do not limit the scope of the present invention.
在本發明實施例中,路徑控制器D1~DN中每一路徑控制器可包含一個二極體、一二極體形式(diode-connected)之場效電晶體(field effect transistor,FET)、一二極體形式之雙載子接面電晶體(bipolar junction transistor,BJT),或是一個或多個具備類似功能之元件。然而,路徑控制器D1~DM之種類或組態並不限定本發明之範疇。當一路徑控制器之跨壓大於其導通電壓時,此特定路徑控制器為順向 偏壓(forward-biased)且會像短路元件般運作;當一路徑控制器之跨壓不大於其導通電壓時,此特定路徑控制器為反向偏壓(reverse-biased)且會像開路元件般運作。 In the embodiment of the present invention, each path controller in the path controllers D 1 -D N may include a diode-type, diode-connected field effect transistor (FET). A bipolar junction transistor (BJT) in the form of a diode, or one or more components having similar functions. However, the type or configuration of the path controllers D 1 to D M does not limit the scope of the present invention. When the path voltage of a path controller is greater than its turn-on voltage, the particular path controller is forward-biased and operates like a short-circuit element; when the cross-voltage of a path controller is not greater than its turn-on voltage This particular path controller is reverse-biased and operates like an open circuit component.
第5圖至第8圖顯示發光二極體照明裝置101~103中第一級 至第N級驅動階段ST1~STN運作時之示意圖。由於第一級至第N級驅動階段ST1~STN運作方式相同,第5圖至第8圖中以第一級驅動階段ST1來做說明,其中第5圖說明了第一類型電流控制器CCA1之電流-電壓(I-V)特性,第6圖說明了第二類型電流控制器CCB1之電流-電壓特性,第7圖說明了第一級驅動階段ST1在不同時期內運作時之等效電路,而第8圖說明了第一級驅動階段ST1之電流-電壓特性。第9圖顯示第(N+1)級驅動階段STN+1中電流控制器CCN+1運作時之示意圖。VDROPA、VDROPB和VDROPC分別代表導通第一類型電流控制器CCA1、第二類型電流控制器CCB1和第三類型電流控制器CCN+1所需之壓差電壓。VOFFA、VOFFB和VONB代表第一類型電流控制器CCA1或第二類型電流控制器CCB1用來判斷是否切換運作模式之臨界電壓。ISETA1、VSETB1和VSETC為常數,分別代表第一類型電流控制器CCA1、第二類型電流控制器CCB1和第三類型電流控制器CCN+1之限流值。箭號R標示電壓VAK1、VBK1或VCK之上升週期,而箭號F標示電壓VAK1、VBK1或VCK之下降週期。 Fig. 5 to Fig. 8 are views showing the operation of the first to Nth stages of the driving stages ST 1 to ST N in the light-emitting diode lighting apparatuses 101 to 103. Since the first stage to the Nth stage driving stages ST 1 to ST N operate in the same manner, the first stage driving stage ST 1 is illustrated in FIGS. 5 to 8 , wherein the fifth type illustrates the first type of current control. Current-voltage (IV) characteristics of the CCA 1 , Figure 6 illustrates the current-voltage characteristics of the second type of current controller CCB 1 , and Figure 7 illustrates the operation of the first stage of the driving stage ST 1 during different periods the equivalent circuit, and FIG. 8 illustrates a first stage of the driving current stage ST 1-- voltage characteristics. Fig. 9 is a view showing the operation of the current controller CC N+1 in the (N+1)th stage of the driving stage ST N+1 . V DROPA , V DROPB , and V DROPC represent the differential voltages required to turn on the first type current controller CCA 1 , the second type current controller CCB 1 , and the third type current controller CC N+1 , respectively. V OFFA , V OFFB and V ONB represent the threshold voltage of the first type current controller CCA 1 or the second type current controller CCB 1 for judging whether to switch the operation mode. I SETA1 , V SETB1 and V SETC are constants representing the current limit values of the first type current controller CCA 1 , the second type current controller CCB 1 and the third type current controller CC N+1 , respectively. The arrow R indicates the rising period of the voltage V AK1 , V BK1 or V CK , and the arrow F indicates the falling period of the voltage V AK1 , V BK1 or V CK .
如第5圖所示,在電壓VAK1之上升週期和下降週期當 0<VAK1<VDROPA時,第一類型電流控制器CCA1尚未完全導通,此時會像壓控元件一樣在一線性模式下運作,使得電流IAK1會隨著電壓VAK1呈特定變化。舉例來說,若第一類型電流控制器CCA1以金氧半導體 (metal-oxide-semiconductor,MOS)電晶體來製作,電流IAK1和電壓VAK1之間的關係會相關於MOS電晶體在線性區運作時之電流-電壓特性。 As shown in Figure 5, when the voltage V AK1 rises and falls during 0 < V AK1 < V DROPA , the first type current controller CCA 1 is not fully turned on, which is like a voltage control element in a linear Operating in mode, the current I AK1 will vary with voltage V AK1 . For example, if the first type of current controller CCA 1 is fabricated by a metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) transistor, the relationship between current I AK1 and voltage V AK1 is related to the linearity of the MOS transistor. The current-voltage characteristics of the zone during operation.
在電壓VAK1之上升週期和下降週期當VAK1>VDROPA時,電流 IAK1升至第一級驅動階段ST1之限流值ISETA1,此時第一類型電流控制器CCA1會切換至一定電流模式並像限流器一樣運作,而電流偵測和控制單元UNA1可將電流IAK1之值箝制在ISETA1。舉例來說,若電流ID1變大,電流偵測和控制單元UNA1會相對應地降低可調式電流源ISA1之值;同理,若電流ID1變小,電流偵測和控制單元UNA1會相對應地增加可調式電流源ISA1之值。因此,流經第一級驅動階段ST1之總電流IAK1(=ID1+ISA1)能維持在固定值ISETA1,而非隨著電壓VAK1而改變。 During the rising and falling periods of the voltage V AK1 , when V AK1 >V DROPA , the current I AK1 rises to the current limit value I SETA1 of the first stage driving stage ST 1 , at which time the first type current controller CCA 1 switches to The current mode operates like a current limiter, and the current detection and control unit UNA 1 clamps the value of current I AK1 to I SETA1 . For example, if the current I D1 becomes larger, the current detection and control unit UNA 1 will correspondingly reduce the value of the adjustable current source ISA 1 ; similarly, if the current I D1 becomes smaller, the current detection and control unit UNA 1 will correspondingly increase the value of the adjustable current source ISA 1 . Therefore, the total current I AK1 (= I D1 + ISA 1 ) flowing through the first-stage driving phase ST 1 can be maintained at a fixed value I SETA1 instead of changing with the voltage V AK1 .
在電壓VAK1之上升週期在電流ID1升至ISETA1之前,電流偵測 和控制單元UNA1會開啟可調式電流源ISA1,此時第一類型電流控制器CCA1會在定電流模式下運作,使得電流IAK1(=ID1+ISA1)能維持在固定值ISETA1。當電流ID1升至ISETA1時,電流偵測和控制單元UNA1會關閉可調式電流源ISA1,此時第一類型電流控制器CCA1會切換至一截止模式,使得電流IAK1隨著電流ID1而增加。 The current detection and control unit UNA 1 turns on the adjustable current source ISA 1 during the rising period of the voltage V AK1 until the current I D1 rises to I SETA1 . At this time, the first type current controller CCA 1 will be in the constant current mode. Operates so that the current I AK1 (=I D1 +ISA 1 ) can be maintained at a fixed value I SETA1 . When the current I D1 rises to I SETA1 , the current detection and control unit UNA 1 turns off the adjustable current source ISA 1 , at which time the first type current controller CCA 1 switches to a cut-off mode, so that the current I AK1 follows The current I D1 increases.
在電壓VAK1之下降週期在電流ID1降至ISETA1之前,電流偵測 和控制單元UNA1會關閉可調式電流源ISA1,此時第一類型電流控制器CCA1會在截止模式下運作,使得電流IAK1隨著電流ID1而降低。當電流ID1降至ISETA1時,電流偵測和控制單元UNA1會開啟可調式電流源ISA1,此時第一類型電流控制器CCA1會在定電流模式下運作,使得電 流IAK1能維持在固定值ISETA1。 The current detection and control unit UNA 1 turns off the adjustable current source ISA 1 during the falling period of the voltage V AK1 until the current I D1 drops to I SETA1 . At this time, the first type current controller CCA 1 operates in the cut-off mode. So that the current I AK1 decreases with the current I D1 . When the current I D1 drops to I SETA1 , the current detection and control unit UNA 1 will turn on the adjustable current source ISA 1 . At this time, the first type current controller CCA 1 will operate in the constant current mode, so that the current I AK1 can Maintain at a fixed value of I SETA1 .
如第6圖所示,在電壓VBK1之上升週期和下降週期當 0<VBK1<VDROPB時,第二類型電流控制器CCB1尚未完全導通,此時會像壓控元件一樣在線性模式下運作,使得電流IBK1會隨著電壓VBK1呈特定變化。舉例來說,若第二類型電流控制器CCB1以MOS電晶體來製作,電流IBK1和電壓VBK1之間的關係會相關於MOS電晶體在線性區運作時之電流-電壓特性。 As shown in Fig. 6, when the voltage V BK1 rises and falls during 0 < V BK1 < V DROPB , the second type current controller CCB 1 is not fully turned on, and in this case, it is in linear mode like the voltage control element. The operation is such that the current I BK1 varies with the voltage V BK1 . For example, if the second type current controller CCB 1 is fabricated in a MOS transistor, the relationship between the current I BK1 and the voltage V BK1 is related to the current-voltage characteristic of the MOS transistor operating in the linear region.
在電壓VBK1之上升週期當VBK1>VDROPB時,電流IBK1升至 ISETB1,此時第二類型電流控制器CCB1會切換至定電流模式並像限流器一樣運作,而電壓偵測和控制單元UNB1可將電流IBK1之值箝制在ISETB1。 During the rising period of voltage V BK1 when V BK1 >V DROPB , current I BK1 rises to I SETB1 , at which time the second type current controller CCB 1 switches to constant current mode and operates like a current limiter , and voltage detection The measuring and control unit UNB 1 clamps the value of the current I BK1 at I SETB1 .
在電壓VBK1之上升週期當VBK1>VOFFB時,電壓偵測和控制單 元UNB1會關閉可調式電流源ISB1,此時第二類型電流控制器CCB1會切換至截止模式,亦即就像是開路元件。在電壓VBK1之下降週期當VBK1<VONB時,電壓偵測和控制單元UNB1會開啟可調式電流源ISB1,此時第二類型電流控制器CCB1會切換至定電流模式下運作,使得電流IBK1能維持在固定值ISETB1。臨界電壓VONB之值可大於或等於臨界電壓VOFFB之值。在一實施例中,本發明可提供一磁滯帶(hysteresis band),其帶寬(VONB-VOFFB)不為零,如此可避免第二類型電流控制器CCB1因電壓VBK1波動而過於頻繁地切換運作模式。 During the rising period of the voltage V BK1 , when V BK1 >V OFFB , the voltage detection and control unit UNB 1 turns off the adjustable current source ISB 1 , at which time the second type current controller CCB 1 switches to the cut-off mode, ie It's like an open circuit component. During the falling period of the voltage V BK1 when V BK1 <V ONB , the voltage detection and control unit UNB 1 turns on the adjustable current source ISB 1 , and the second type current controller CCB 1 switches to the constant current mode. So that the current I BK1 can be maintained at a fixed value I SETB1 . The value of the threshold voltage V ONB may be greater than or equal to the threshold voltage V OFFB. In one embodiment, the present invention can provide a hysteresis-band (hysteresis band), bandwidth (V ONB -V OFFB) is not zero, so the controller can prevent the second type CCB 1 current due to voltage fluctuations too V BK1 Switch modes of operation frequently.
如第7圖左方所示,當第一級驅動階段ST1在V1<VIN1<V2之 一第一時期內運作時,發光裝置A1會並聯於發光裝置B1。如第7圖右方所示,當第一級驅動階段ST1在VIN1>V3之一第二時期內運作時,發光裝置A1會串聯於發光裝置B1。 As shown in the left in FIG. 7, when the first stage in the driving stage ST 1 V1 <V IN1 <V2 when operating within one of the first period of time, the light emitting device A 1 will be connected in parallel to the light emitting device B 1. As shown in FIG. 7, right, when operating within one of a first stage during the second driving V3 stage ST in V IN1>, the light emitting device A 1 are concatenated to the light emitting device B 1.
如第8圖所示,在上升週期當電壓VIN1尚低時,發光裝置A1、 發光裝置B1和路徑控制器D1仍呈關閉。在上升週期當電壓VIN1之值升至一開啟電壓VA1,且開啟電壓VA1之值為導通發光裝置A1所需之切入電壓和導通第一類型電流控制器CCA1所需之切入電壓的加總時,第一類型電流控制器CCA1和發光裝置A1會被開啟,使得電流IA1會隨著電壓VIN1逐漸增加,直到升至ISETA1為止。在上升週期當電壓VIN1之值升至一開啟電壓VB1,且開啟電壓VB1之值為導通發光裝置B1所需之切入電壓和導通第二類型電流控制器CCB1所需之切入電壓的加總時,第二類型電流控制器CCB1和發光裝置B1會被開啟,使得電流IB1會隨著電壓VIN1逐漸增加,直到升至ISETB1為止。由於路徑控制器D1仍呈關閉,電流ISUM1之值為電流IA1和電流IB1之加總,其中電流IA1由第一類型電流控制器CCA1來調節,而電流IB1由第二類型電流控制器CCB1來調節。開啟電壓VA1和開啟電壓VB1可為相同值或不同值。換而言之,當電壓VIN1之值升至電壓V1後,電流ISUM1開始增加,其中電壓V1為開啟電壓VA1和開啟電壓VB1之中較小者。 As shown in Fig. 8, when the voltage V IN1 is still low during the rising period, the light-emitting device A 1 , the light-emitting device B 1 and the path controller D 1 are still turned off. During the rising period, the value of the voltage V IN1 rises to a turn-on voltage V A1 , and the turn-on voltage V A1 is the cut-in voltage required to turn on the light-emitting device A 1 and the cut-in voltage required to turn on the first-type current controller CCA 1 . In the summation, the first type of current controller CCA 1 and the illumination device A 1 are turned on, so that the current I A1 gradually increases with the voltage V IN1 until it rises to I SETA1 . During the rising period, the value of the voltage V IN1 rises to a turn-on voltage V B1 , and the turn-on voltage V B1 is the cut-in voltage required to turn on the light-emitting device B 1 and the cut-in voltage required to turn on the second-type current controller CCB 1 . In the summation, the second type current controller CCB 1 and the light-emitting device B 1 are turned on, so that the current I B1 gradually increases with the voltage V IN1 until it rises to I SETB1 . Since path controller D 1 is still off, the value of current I SUM1 is the sum of current I A1 and current I B1 , where current I A1 is regulated by first type current controller CCA 1 and current I B1 is second Type current controller CCB 1 to adjust. The turn-on voltage V A1 and the turn-on voltage V B1 may be the same value or different values. In other words, when the value of the voltage V IN1 rises to the voltage V1, the current I SUM1 starts to increase, wherein the voltage V1 is the smaller of the turn-on voltage V A1 and the turn-on voltage V B1 .
在上升週期當電壓VIN1之值升至V2使得VBK1=VOFFB時,第二 類型電流控制器CCB1會切換至截止模式,因此電流IB1會被導向路徑控制器D1,進而開啟路徑控制器D1。此時,電流ISUM1和電流IA1、電流IB1 之值相同,其中電流IA1和電流IB1皆由第一類型電流控制器CCA1來調節。隨著電流IB1流經路徑控制器D1,電流ID1會隨著電壓VIN1逐漸增加,此時第一類型電流控制器CCA1會相對應地降低可調式電流源ISA1之值,使得總電流ISUM1依舊維持在固定值ISETA1。當VIN1=V3時,可調式電流源ISA1之值降至0,而第一類型電流控制器CCA1會切換至截止模式,此時電流ISUM1會由下一級驅動階段來調節。 During the rising period, when the value of the voltage V IN1 rises to V2 such that V BK1 =V OFFB , the second type current controller CCB 1 switches to the cutoff mode, so the current I B1 is directed to the path controller D 1 , thereby opening the path. Controller D 1 . At this time, current I SUM1 and currents I A1, I B1 of the same value of the current, where the current I A1 and I B1 rests with a first current type current controller CCA 1 is adjusted. As the current I B1 flows through the path controller D 1 , the current I D1 gradually increases with the voltage V IN1 , at which time the first type current controller CCA 1 correspondingly lowers the value of the adjustable current source ISA 1 , so that The total current I SUM1 is still maintained at a fixed value I SETA1 . When V IN1 =V3, the value of the adjustable current source ISA 1 drops to 0, and the first type current controller CCA 1 switches to the cutoff mode, at which time the current I SUM1 is adjusted by the next stage of the drive phase.
如第9圖所示,在電壓VCK之上升週期和下降週期當 0<VCK1<VDROPC時,第三類型電流控制器CCN+1尚未完全導通,此時會像壓控元件一樣在線性模式下運作,使得電流ICK會隨著電壓VCK1呈特定變化。舉例來說,若第三類型電流控制器CCN+1以MOS電晶體來製作,電流ICK1和電壓VCK1之間的關係會相關於MOS電晶體在線性區運作時之電流-電壓特性。在電壓VCK之上升週期當VCK>VDROPC時,電流ICK1升至ISETC1,此時第三類型電流控制器CCN+1會切換至定電流模式並像限流器一樣運作。 As shown in Figure 9, when the voltage V CK rises and falls during 0 < V CK1 < V DROPC , the third type current controller CC N+1 is not fully turned on, and it will be online like a voltage control element. Operating in the sexual mode, the current I CK will vary with the voltage V CK1 . For example, if the third type current controller CC N+1 is fabricated in a MOS transistor, the relationship between the current I CK1 and the voltage V CK1 is related to the current-voltage characteristic of the MOS transistor operating in the linear region. When V CK >V DROPC in the rising period of voltage V CK , current I CK1 rises to I SETC1 , at which time the third type current controller CC N+1 switches to constant current mode and operates like a current limiter.
同理,發光二極體照明裝置104中第二級至第N級驅動階段 ST2~STN之運作亦可由第5圖至第8圖來說明,而第(N+1)級驅動階段STN+1中電流控制器CCN+1之運作亦可由第9圖來說明。 Similarly, the operation of the second to Nth stage driving stages ST 2 to ST N in the LED illumination device 104 can also be illustrated by the fifth to eighth figures, and the (N+1)th stage of the driving stage ST N + 1 in the current operation of the controller CC N + 1 is also illustrated by FIG. 9.
在本發明實施例中,電荷儲存單元CH1~CHM可分別並聯於 發光裝置A1~AN和B1~BN中一個或多個發光裝置。電荷儲存單元CH1~CHM能改善發光二極體照明裝置101~104之頻閃,其中M可小於或等於2N。 In the embodiment of the present invention, the charge storage units CH 1 -CH M may be respectively connected in parallel to one or more of the light-emitting devices A 1 -A N and B 1 -B N . The charge storage units CH 1 ~CH M can improve the stroboscopic illumination of the LED illumination devices 101-104, where M can be less than or equal to 2N.
在M=2N的實施例中,發光裝置A1~AN和B1~BN中每一發光 裝置皆並聯至一相對應之電荷儲存單元。為了說明目的,第1圖顯示了N=2和M=4時之實施例,其中發光二極體照明裝置101包含4個發光裝置A1~A2和B1~B2,且分別並聯至電荷儲存單元CH1~CH4。然而,電荷儲存單元之數目或組態並不限定本發明之範疇。 In the embodiment of M=2N, each of the light-emitting devices A 1 to A N and B 1 to B N is connected in parallel to a corresponding charge storage unit. For illustrative purposes, FIG. 1 shows an embodiment in which N=2 and M=4, wherein the light-emitting diode illumination device 101 includes four light-emitting devices A 1 to A 2 and B 1 to B 2 , and is respectively connected in parallel to Charge storage unit CH 1 ~CH 4 . However, the number or configuration of charge storage units does not limit the scope of the invention.
在M<2N的實施例中,發光裝置B1~BN中每一發光裝置皆並 聯至一相對應之電荷儲存單元。為了說明目的,第2圖顯示了N=2和M=2時之實施例,其中發光二極體照明裝置102包含4個發光裝置A1~A2和B1~B2,其中發光裝置B1~B分別並聯至電荷儲存單元CH1~CH2。然而,電荷儲存單元之數目或組態並不限定本發明之範疇。 In Example M <2N, the light emitting device in each light emitting device B 1 ~ B N are connected in parallel to corresponding one of the charge storage unit. For illustrative purposes, FIG. 2 shows an embodiment in which N=2 and M=2, wherein the light-emitting diode illumination device 102 includes four light-emitting devices A 1 to A 2 and B 1 to B 2 , wherein the light-emitting device B 1 ~ B are respectively connected in parallel to the charge storage unit CH 1 ~ CH 2 . However, the number or configuration of charge storage units does not limit the scope of the invention.
在M<2N的實施例中,M個電荷儲存單元CH1~CHM可並聯至 發光裝置A1~AN和B1~BN中導通時間最長的發光裝置。為了說明目的,第3圖顯示了N=2和M=2時之實施例,其中發光二極體照明裝置103包含4個發光裝置A1~A2和B1~B2,其中發光裝置A1和B1分別並聯至電荷儲存單元CH1~CH2。然而,電荷儲存單元之數目或組態並不限定本發明之範疇。 In the embodiment of M<2N, the M charge storage units CH 1 to CH M may be connected in parallel to the light-emitting devices having the longest on-time among the light-emitting devices A 1 to A N and B 1 to B N . For the purpose of explanation, FIG. 3 shows an embodiment in which N=2 and M=2, wherein the light-emitting diode illumination device 103 includes four light-emitting devices A 1 to A 2 and B 1 to B 2 , wherein the light-emitting device A 1 and B 1 are respectively connected in parallel to the charge storage units CH 1 to CH 2 . However, the number or configuration of charge storage units does not limit the scope of the invention.
在M=1<2N的實施例中,電荷儲存單元CH1可並聯至發光裝 置A1~AN和B1~BN中導通時間最長的多個發光裝置。為了說明目的,第4圖顯示了N=2和M=1時之實施例,其中發光二極體照明裝置104包含3個發光裝置A2和B1~B2,其中發光裝置B1~B2並聯至電荷儲存單元 CH1。然而,電荷儲存單元之數目或組態並不限定本發明之範疇。 M = In Example 1 <2N, the charge storage unit CH 1 may be connected in parallel to the light emitting device A 1 ~ A N B and the longest on-time multiple light emitting devices in the 1 ~ B N. For illustrative purposes, FIG. 4 shows an embodiment where N=2 and M=1, wherein the light-emitting diode illumination device 104 includes three light-emitting devices A 2 and B 1 to B 2 , wherein the light-emitting devices B 1 to B 2 is connected in parallel to the charge storage unit CH 1 . However, the number or configuration of charge storage units does not limit the scope of the invention.
第10圖之示意圖說明了本發明實施例中發光二極體照明裝 置101~104中發光裝置之電流-時間特性。第10圖上方顯示了整流交流電壓VAC所輸出電流IAC和時間的關係,第10圖中間顯示了採用第一組態時發光裝置之電流-時間特性,而第10圖下方顯示了採用第二組態時發光裝置之電流-時間特性。在第10圖中,ILED代表採用第一組態時流經發光裝置之電流,而ILED’代表採用第二組態時流經發光裝置之電流。在採用第一組態時,一發光裝置並聯至一相對應之電荷儲存單元,例如發光二極體照明裝置101中的發光裝置A1、A2、B1或B2、發光二極體照明裝置102中的發光裝置B1或B2、發光二極體照明裝置103中的發光裝置A1或B1,或是發光二極體照明裝置104中的發光裝置B1或B2。在採用第二組態時,一發光裝置並未並聯至任何電荷儲存單元,例如發光二極體照明裝置102中的發光裝置A1或A2、發光二極體照明裝置103中的發光裝置A2或B2,或是發光二極體照明裝置104中的發光裝置A2。 Fig. 10 is a schematic view showing the current-time characteristics of the light-emitting device in the light-emitting diode lighting devices 101 to 104 in the embodiment of the present invention. The relationship between the output current I AC and the time of the rectified AC voltage V AC is shown at the top of Figure 10. The middle of Figure 10 shows the current-time characteristics of the illuminator when using the first configuration, while the figure below shows the first The current-time characteristic of the illuminating device during the second configuration. In Fig. 10, the I LED represents the current flowing through the illumination device in the first configuration, and the I LED ' represents the current flowing through the illumination device in the second configuration. In the first configuration, a light-emitting device is connected in parallel to a corresponding charge storage unit, such as the light-emitting device A 1 , A 2 , B 1 or B 2 in the light-emitting diode lighting device 101, and the light-emitting diode illumination the light emitting device 102 B B light emitting device 1 or B 2, the light emitting device illumination device 103 a light emitting diode 1 or B 1, or a light emitting diode lighting device 104 1 or B 2. In the second configuration, a light-emitting device is not connected in parallel to any charge storage unit, such as light-emitting device A 1 or A 2 in light-emitting diode illumination device 102, and light-emitting device A in light-emitting diode illumination device 103. 2 or B 2 , or the illuminating device A 2 in the illuminating diode device 104.
在上升週期剛開始時,整流交流電壓VAC之值尚不足以導通 發光裝置,此時採用第二組態之發光裝置維持在OFF狀態,而採用第一組態之發光裝置可由相對應電荷儲存單元放電之電荷維持在ON狀態。相對應之路徑控制單元可避免電荷儲存單元放電至相對應之電流控制單元。 At the beginning of the rising period, the value of the rectified AC voltage V AC is not enough to turn on the illuminating device. At this time, the illuminating device of the second configuration is maintained in the OFF state, and the illuminating device adopting the first configuration can be stored by the corresponding electric charge. The charge of the cell discharge is maintained in the ON state. The corresponding path control unit can prevent the charge storage unit from discharging to the corresponding current control unit.
在上升週期和下降週期當整流交流電壓VAC之值足以導通發 光裝置時,採用第一組態和第二組態之發光裝置皆由整流交流電壓VAC 來維持在ON狀態,此時整流交流電壓VAC亦會對相對應電荷儲存單元進行充電。 When the value of the rectified AC voltage V AC is sufficient to conduct the illuminating device during the rising period and the falling period, the illuminating devices adopting the first configuration and the second configuration are maintained in the ON state by the rectified AC voltage V AC , and the rectification AC is performed at this time. The voltage V AC also charges the corresponding charge storage unit.
在下降週期快結束時,整流交流電壓VAC之值降至不足以導 通發光裝置,此時採用第二組態之發光裝置維持在OFF狀態,而採用第一組態之發光裝置可由相對應電荷儲存單元放電之電荷維持在ON狀態。相對應之路徑控制單元可避免電荷儲存單元放電至相對應之電流控制單元。 At the end of the falling cycle, the value of the rectified AC voltage V AC is reduced to be insufficient to conduct the illuminating device. At this time, the illuminating device of the second configuration is maintained in the OFF state, and the illuminating device adopting the first configuration can be correspondingly charged. The charge of the discharge of the storage unit is maintained in the ON state. The corresponding path control unit can prevent the charge storage unit from discharging to the corresponding current control unit.
如第10圖所示,本發明之發光二極體照明裝置使用電荷儲存 單元,使得採用第二組態之發光裝置的導通時間長於採用第一組態之發光裝置的導通時間。 As shown in FIG. 10, the light-emitting diode lighting device of the present invention uses charge storage The unit is such that the on-time of the illumination device using the second configuration is longer than the on-time of the illumination device using the first configuration.
第11圖顯示了本發明實施例中發光二極體照明裝置103整體 運作之示意圖,其中所有4個發光裝置A1~A4中的2個發光裝置(N=M=2)分別並聯於相對應電荷儲存單元CH1~CH2或是同樣並聯於一電荷儲存單元CH1。第12圖顯示了在未使用電荷儲存單元時發光二極體照明裝置103整體運作之示意圖。E1~E3代表本發明發光二極體照明裝置103之整體光強度/光通量。值得注意的是,第12圖僅為了說明本發明在第11圖如何使用電荷儲存單元來改善頻閃,並非本發明發光二極體照明裝置之實施方式。 11 is a schematic view showing the overall operation of the LED illumination device 103 in the embodiment of the present invention, wherein two of the four illumination devices A 1 to A 4 (N=M=2) are respectively connected in parallel. Corresponding charge storage units CH 1 ~CH 2 are also connected in parallel to a charge storage unit CH 1 . Fig. 12 is a view showing the overall operation of the light-emitting diode illuminating device 103 when the charge storage unit is not used. E 1 to E 3 represent the overall light intensity/light flux of the light-emitting diode lighting device 103 of the present invention. It should be noted that Fig. 12 is only for explaining how the present invention uses the charge storage unit to improve stroboscopic sound in Fig. 11, and is not an embodiment of the light emitting diode lighting device of the present invention.
由於電壓VAK1~VAK2和VBK1~VBK2相關於整流交流電壓 VAC,而整流交流電壓VAC之值隨著時間而有週期性變化,因此以包含 時間點t0~t7之一個週期來做說明,其中時間點t0~t3之間包含在整流交流電壓VAC之上升週期,而時間點t4~t7之間包含在整流交流電壓VAC之下降週期。下列圖表一顯示了本發明發光裝置A1~A2和B1~B2在第11圖所示之架構下的運作模式,而下列圖表二顯示了本發明發光裝置A1~A2和B1~B2在第12圖所示之架構下的運作模式。 Since the voltages V AK1 VV AK2 and V BK1 VV BK2 are related to the rectified AC voltage V AC , and the value of the rectified AC voltage V AC changes periodically with time, it is included in a cycle including time points t0 to t7. For example, the time point t0~t3 is included in the rising period of the rectified AC voltage V AC , and the time point t4~t7 is included in the falling period of the rectified AC voltage V AC . The following chart 1 shows the operation modes of the light-emitting devices A 1 to A 2 and B 1 to B 2 of the present invention under the structure shown in Fig. 11, and the following chart 2 shows the light-emitting devices A 1 to A 2 and B of the present invention. 1 ~ B 2 operates in the architecture shown in Figure 12.
在第12圖和圖表二中,在上升週期剛開始時整流交流電壓 VAC之值尚不足以導通發光裝置A1~A2和B1~B2。在未使用電荷儲存單元的情況下,發光裝置A1~A2和B1~B2在時間點t0~t1和t6~t7之間維持在OFF狀態。在時間點t1~t6之間,發光裝置A1~A2和B1~B2會被整流交流電壓VAC導通,使得第一級驅動階段ST1和第二級驅動階段ST2能在第一時期或第二時期內運作。如先前針對第7圖左方所做的說明,當特定驅動階段在第一時期內運作時,兩導通之發光裝置彼此並聯(在圖表一和圖表二以”P”來標示);如先前針對第7圖右方所做的說明,當特定驅動階段在第二時期內運作時,兩導通之發光裝置彼此串聯(在圖表一和圖表二以”S”來標示)。更明確地說,發光二極體照明裝置103之整體光強度/光通量階段式增加,並在時間點t3和t4之間當發光裝置A1~A3皆進入ON狀態後達到E3。 In Fig. 12 and Fig. 2, the value of the rectified AC voltage V AC at the beginning of the rising period is not sufficient to turn on the light-emitting devices A 1 to A 2 and B 1 to B 2 . In the case where the charge storage unit is not used, the light-emitting devices A 1 to A 2 and B 1 to B 2 are maintained in the OFF state between time points t0 to t1 and t6 to t7. Between time points t1 and t6, the light-emitting devices A 1 -A 2 and B 1 -B 2 are turned on by the rectified AC voltage V AC , so that the first-stage driving phase ST 1 and the second-stage driving phase ST 2 can be in the first Operates during a period or a second period. As previously explained for the left side of Figure 7, when the particular drive phase is operating during the first period, the two conducting illuminators are connected in parallel with each other (indicated by "P" in Figure 1 and Figure 2); 7 shows on the right, when the specific driving phase is operating in the second period, the two conducting light-emitting devices are connected in series with each other (indicated by "S" in Figure 1 and Figure 2). More specifically, the overall light intensity/light flux of the light-emitting diode illumination device 103 is increased in stages, and reaches E 3 after the light-emitting devices A 1 to A 3 enter the ON state between time points t3 and t4.
在第11圖和圖表一中,在上升週期剛開始時整流交流電壓 VAC之值尚不足以導通發光裝置A1~A2和B1~B2。透過本發明之電荷儲存單元,無論整流交流電壓VAC之大小,發光裝置A1和B1在時間點t0和t7之間都能維持在ON狀態。更明確地說,在時間點t0~t1和t6~t7之間整流交流電壓VAC之值還小時,發光二極體照明裝置103之整體光強度/光通量亦能維持在E1。 In Fig. 11 and Fig. 1, the value of the rectified AC voltage V AC at the beginning of the rising period is not enough to turn on the light-emitting devices A 1 -A 2 and B 1 -B 2 . With the charge storage unit of the present invention, the light-emitting devices A 1 and B 1 can be maintained in an ON state between time points t0 and t7 regardless of the magnitude of the rectified AC voltage V AC . More specifically, when the value of the rectified AC voltage V AC is small between the time points t0 to t1 and t6 to t7, the overall light intensity/light flux of the LED illumination device 103 can be maintained at E 1 .
如相關領域具備通常知識者皆知,頻閃現象具有週期性變 化,可由其波形中振幅、平均準位、週期頻率、形狀及/或工作週期(duty cycle)的變化量來定義。一般會使用頻閃比率(Percent Flicker)和頻閃索引(Flicker Index)來量化頻閃,如下列公式(1)和公式(2)所示。 As is known in the relevant fields, the stroboscopic phenomenon has periodic changes. The definition can be defined by the amplitude, the average level, the periodic frequency, the shape, and/or the amount of change in the duty cycle of the waveform. The strobe is generally quantized using a strobe ratio (Percent Flicker) and a strobe index (Flicker Index), as shown in the following equations (1) and (2).
在公式(1)中,MAX代表發光二極體照明裝置101~104之最 大光強度/光通量,而MIN代表發光二極體照明裝置101~104之最小光強度/光通量。在公式(2)中,AREA1代表當發光二極體照明裝置101~104之光強度/光通量高於平均值時在一段期間內的光強度/光通量累積值,而AREA2代表當發光二極體照明裝置101~104之光強度/光通量低於平均值時在一段期間內的光強度/光通量累積值。 In formula (1), MAX represents the highest of the light-emitting diode lighting devices 101-104. The large light intensity/light flux, and MIN represents the minimum light intensity/light flux of the light-emitting diode illumination devices 101-104. In formula (2), AREA1 represents the cumulative value of light intensity/light flux over a period of time when the light intensity/light flux of the light-emitting diode illumination devices 101-104 is higher than the average value, and AREA2 represents the illumination of the light-emitting diode. The light intensity/light flux accumulation value over a period of time when the light intensity/light flux of the devices 101-104 is lower than the average value.
如第11圖所示,本發明之電荷儲存單元可增加公式(1)中的 MIN和公式(2)中的AREA2,進而降低發光二極體照明裝置101~104之 頻閃比率和頻閃索引。 As shown in FIG. 11, the charge storage unit of the present invention can increase the formula (1) MIN and AREA2 in formula (2), thereby reducing the illumination of the LED illumination devices 101~104 Strobe ratio and strobe index.
第13圖至第16圖為本發明其它實施例中發光二極體照明裝 置105~108之示意圖。相較於第1圖至第4圖所示之發光二極體照明裝置101~104,發光二極體照明裝置105~108同樣各包含一電源供應電路110和(N+1)級驅動階段ST1~STN+1,其中N為正整數。不同之處在於,發光二極體照明裝置105~107之第1級至第N級驅動階段ST1~STN中每一驅動階段包含複數個發光裝置、一路徑控制器,和兩個第一類型電流控制器,而發光二極體照明裝置108之第2級至第N級驅動階段ST2~STN中每一驅動階段包含複數個發光裝置、一路徑控制器,和兩個第一類型電流控制器。 13 to 16 are schematic views of the light-emitting diode lighting devices 105 to 108 according to another embodiment of the present invention. Compared with the LED lighting devices 101 to 104 shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the LED lighting devices 105 to 108 each include a power supply circuit 110 and an (N+1)-stage driving stage ST. 1 ~ST N+1 , where N is a positive integer. The difference is that each of the driving stages ST 1 to ST N of the first to Nth stages of the LED illumination devices 105 to 107 includes a plurality of illumination devices, a path controller, and two first a type current controller, and each of the second to Nth stage driving stages ST 2 to ST N of the light emitting diode lighting device 108 includes a plurality of light emitting devices, a path controller, and two first types Current controller.
發光二極體照明裝置105~108中每一第一類型電流控制器 包含一可調式電流源和一電流偵測和控制單元,其運作時之電流-電壓特性亦如第5圖所示。在由CCA1~CCAN代表之第一類型電流控制器中,電流偵測和控制單元UNA1~UNAN分別串聯至相對應發光裝置A1~AN和相對應可調式電流源ISA1~ISAN,可分別依據電流IAK1~IAKN來分別調節可調式電流源ISA1~ISAN之值。在由CCA1’~CCAN’代表之第一類型電流控制器中,電流偵測和控制單元UNA1’~UNAN’分別串聯至相對應發光裝置B1~BN和相對應可調式電流源ISA1’~ISAN’,可分別依據電流IBK1~IBKN來分別調節可調式電流源ISA1’~ISAN’之值。 Each of the first type current controllers of the LED illumination devices 105-108 includes an adjustable current source and a current detection and control unit, and the current-voltage characteristics of the operation are also shown in FIG. In the first type of current controller represented by CCA 1 ~ CCA N , the current detecting and controlling units UNA 1 ~ UNA N are respectively connected in series to the corresponding illuminating devices A 1 -A N and the corresponding adjustable current source ISA 1 ~ ISA N can adjust the values of the adjustable current sources ISA 1 ~ISA N according to the current I AK1 ~I AKN respectively. In the first type of current controller represented by CCA 1 '~CCA N ', the current detection and control unit UNA 1 '~UNA N ' is connected in series to the corresponding illuminating device B 1 ~B N and the corresponding adjustable current The source ISA 1 '~ISA N ' can adjust the value of the adjustable current source ISA 1 '~ISA N ' according to the current I BK1 ~I BKN respectively.
透過上述多級驅動階段之架構,本發明可同時開啟發光二極 體照明裝置內所有發光裝置,並利用一個或多個相對應電流控制器來 彈性地調節整體電流。透過上述電荷儲存單元,本發明降低發光二極體照明裝置的光強度/光通量變化。因此,本發明可增加發光二極體照明裝置之可操作電壓範圍,且不會造成閃爍或光線不均勻的現象。以上所述僅為本發明之較佳實施例,凡依本發明申請專利範圍所做之均等變化與修飾,皆應屬本發明之涵蓋範圍。 Through the above-mentioned multi-stage driving stage architecture, the present invention can simultaneously turn on the light-emitting diode All lighting devices in the body lighting device and using one or more corresponding current controllers Elastically adjust the overall current. The present invention reduces the light intensity/light flux variation of the light-emitting diode illumination device through the above-described charge storage unit. Therefore, the present invention can increase the operable voltage range of the light-emitting diode illumination device without causing flicker or uneven light. The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and all changes and modifications made to the scope of the present invention should be within the scope of the present invention.
105‧‧‧發光二極體照明裝置 105‧‧‧Lighting diode lighting device
110‧‧‧電源供應電路 110‧‧‧Power supply circuit
112‧‧‧橋式整流器 112‧‧‧Bridge rectifier
A1~A2、B1~B2‧‧‧發光裝置 A 1 ~A 2 , B 1 ~B 2 ‧‧‧Lighting device
CCA1~CCA2、CCA1’~CCA2’‧‧‧第一類型電流控制器 CCA 1 ~CCA 2 , CCA 1 '~CCA 2 '‧‧‧First type current controller
CC3‧‧‧第三類型電流控制器 CC 3 ‧‧‧Type 3 Current Controller
CH1~CH4‧‧‧電荷儲存單元 CH 1 ~CH 4 ‧‧‧charge storage unit
UNA1~UNA2、UNA1’~UNA2’‧‧‧電流偵測和控制單元 UNA 1 ~ UNA 2 , UNA 1 '~UNA 2 '‧‧‧ Current detection and control unit
UN3‧‧‧偵測和控制單元 UN 3 ‧‧‧Detection and Control Unit
D1~D2‧‧‧路徑控制器 D 1 ~D 2 ‧‧‧path controller
ST1~ST3‧‧‧驅動階段 ST 1 ~ST 3 ‧‧‧Drive phase
ISA1~ISA2、ISA1’~ISA2’、IS3‧‧‧可調式電流源 ISA 1 ~ ISA 2 , ISA 1 '~ ISA 2 ', IS 3 ‧‧‧ adjustable current source
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