TWI552637B - Base station and communicetion method thereof - Google Patents
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- TWI552637B TWI552637B TW104121368A TW104121368A TWI552637B TW I552637 B TWI552637 B TW I552637B TW 104121368 A TW104121368 A TW 104121368A TW 104121368 A TW104121368 A TW 104121368A TW I552637 B TWI552637 B TW I552637B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Description
本揭露是有關於一種無線通訊技術,且特別是有關於一種可用於授權頻段與非授權頻段的基地台及其通訊方法。 The disclosure relates to a wireless communication technology, and in particular to a base station that can be used for licensed and unlicensed frequency bands and a communication method thereof.
作為下一代蜂窩系統技術其中之一的長期演進技術(Long Term Evolution,LTE)無線通訊系統中,LTE版本10可採用載波聚合運作,其將系統頻寬區分為多個分量載波(component carriers,CCs)。舉例來說,圖1繪示LTE無線通訊系統頻寬被區分為多個分量載波的示意圖。請參照圖1,具有100MHz的LTE無線通訊系統頻寬被區分為5個20MHz的分量載波(即,載波101~105)。每一個分量載波對於用戶設備可以稱做是主分量載波(primary component carrier,PCC)或輔分量載波(secondary component carrier,SCC)。LTE版本10兼容的用戶設備可以被分配一個主分量載波和一個或多個輔分量載波,以提供更高的位元速率。 In the Long Term Evolution (LTE) wireless communication system, which is one of the next generation cellular system technologies, the LTE version 10 can employ a carrier aggregation operation, which divides the system bandwidth into a plurality of component carriers (CCs). ). For example, FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic diagram of an LTE wireless communication system bandwidth being divided into multiple component carriers. Referring to FIG. 1, the bandwidth of the LTE wireless communication system with 100 MHz is divided into five 20 MHz component carriers (ie, carriers 101 to 105). Each component carrier may be referred to as a primary component carrier (PCC) or a secondary component carrier (SCC) for the user equipment. An LTE Release 10 compatible user equipment may be assigned a primary component carrier and one or more secondary component carriers to provide a higher bit rate.
然而,隨著無線網路流量的快速增長,預計在2010年和2020年之間的無線網路流量將增加1000倍。為了滿足龐大的無線網路流量,LTE無線通訊系統的營運商正在尋求從擁擠的授權頻段(Licensed band)朝向使用非授權頻段(Unlicensed band)的方向邁進,以藉由運用較多的頻段來舒緩龐大的網路流量。非授權頻段可包含用於工業、科學與醫學(Industrial,Scientific and medical,ISM)頻段、電視空白頻段(television white space,TVWS)以及無需執照需求的頻段。LTE無線通訊系統需要在非授權頻段部署LTE無線網路的相關配置,以提供新的功能。 However, with the rapid growth of wireless network traffic, wireless network traffic between 2010 and 2020 is expected to increase 1000 times. In order to meet the huge wireless network traffic, operators of LTE wireless communication systems are seeking to move from the crowded licensed band towards the use of unlicensed bands to soothe the use of more frequency bands. Huge network traffic. Unlicensed bands may include bands for the Industrial, Scientific and Medical (ISM) band, television white space (TVWS), and license-free requirements. The LTE wireless communication system needs to deploy the relevant configuration of the LTE wireless network in the unlicensed frequency band to provide new functions.
然而,在非授權頻段或共用頻譜的域(domain)內進行通訊時,可存在也想要使用非授權頻段或共用頻譜的其它通訊裝置。這些通訊裝置可屬於相同或不同無線電存取技術。此外,在非授權頻段內,LTE無線通訊系統之通訊裝置可能不能夠在任何給定時間自由發射或接收,這是由於與頻譜共用相關的限制,此問題在傳統的蜂窩式LTE無線通訊系統中是不存在的。因為,LTE無線通訊系統之通訊裝置的發射及接收操作通常是安排好的。 However, when communicating in an unlicensed band or a domain of a shared spectrum, there may be other communication devices that also want to use an unlicensed band or a shared spectrum. These communication devices may belong to the same or different radio access technologies. In addition, in an unlicensed band, the communication device of the LTE wireless communication system may not be able to transmit or receive freely at any given time due to limitations associated with spectrum sharing, which is a problem in conventional cellular LTE wireless communication systems. It does not exist. Because the transmitting and receiving operations of the communication devices of the LTE wireless communication system are usually arranged.
換言之,在考慮使用非授權頻段的情形下,如何使LTE無線通訊系統之通訊裝置在使用非授權頻段的同時,能與使用非授權頻段之其他通訊裝置共存的方法與技術,為本領域技術人員所關心的議題之一。 In other words, in the case of considering the use of an unlicensed band, how to make the communication device of the LTE wireless communication system coexist with other communication devices using the unlicensed band while using the unlicensed band, is a person skilled in the art. One of the topics of concern.
本揭露提出一種基地台及其通訊方法。此基地台可將符合另一通訊協定的第一訊號配置在其本身採用的通訊協定之第二訊號的一空閒傳輸資源中或第二訊號周圍的一空閒傳輸資源中,以在其另一通訊協定所採用之非授權頻段內通訊。 The disclosure proposes a base station and a communication method thereof. The base station may configure the first signal conforming to another communication protocol in an idle transmission resource of the second signal of the communication protocol itself or an idle transmission resource around the second signal to be in another communication Communication within the unlicensed band used by the agreement.
本揭露提供一種基地台,適於第一無線通訊協定。此基地台包括收發器及處理器。收發器透過第一無線通訊協定採用的授權頻段和非授權頻段來收發無線訊號,其中非授權頻段為第二無線通訊協定所採用。第一無線通訊協定和該第二無線通訊協定使用不同的無線存取技術。處理器耦接至收發器。處理器將符合第二無線通訊協定的第一訊號配置在符合第一無線通訊協定的第二訊號的一空閒傳輸資源中或第二訊號周圍的一空閒傳輸資源中,並將第一訊號與第二訊號以收發器發送至非授權頻段,以維持基地台在非授權頻段上的傳輸資源,並透過第一無線通訊協定以及第一訊號與第二訊號以選擇性地或同時地使用授權頻段以及授權頻段。 The present disclosure provides a base station suitable for a first wireless communication protocol. This base station includes a transceiver and a processor. The transceiver transmits and receives wireless signals through the licensed frequency band and the unlicensed frequency band used by the first wireless communication protocol, wherein the unlicensed frequency band is adopted by the second wireless communication protocol. The first wireless communication protocol and the second wireless communication protocol use different wireless access technologies. The processor is coupled to the transceiver. The processor configures the first signal that meets the second wireless communication protocol in an idle transmission resource that matches the second signal of the first wireless communication protocol or an idle transmission resource around the second signal, and the first signal and the first signal The second signal is sent by the transceiver to the unlicensed frequency band to maintain the transmission resources of the base station in the unlicensed frequency band, and the licensed frequency band is selectively or simultaneously used by the first wireless communication protocol and the first signal and the second signal, and Authorized frequency band.
本揭露提供一種通訊方法,適於採用第一無線通訊協定的基地台。藉由收發器以透過第一無線通訊協定採用的授權頻段和非授權頻段來收發無線訊號,其中非授權頻段為第二無線通訊協定所採用,並且第一無線通訊協定和第二無線通訊協定使用不同的無線存取技術。將符合第二無線通訊協定的第一訊號配置在符合第一無線通訊協定的第二訊號的一空閒傳輸資源中或第二訊 號周圍的一空閒傳輸資源中。將第一訊號與第二訊號藉由收發器發送至非授權頻段。第一訊號與第二訊號用以維持基地台在非授權頻段上的傳輸資源。之後,透過第一無線通訊協定以及第一訊號與第二訊號以選擇性地或同時地使用授權頻段以及非授權頻段。 The present disclosure provides a communication method suitable for a base station employing a first wireless communication protocol. Transmitting and receiving wireless signals by the transceiver through the licensed frequency band and the unlicensed frequency band adopted by the first wireless communication protocol, wherein the unlicensed frequency band is adopted by the second wireless communication protocol, and the first wireless communication protocol and the second wireless communication protocol are used. Different wireless access technologies. Configuring the first signal conforming to the second wireless communication protocol to be in an idle transmission resource conforming to the second signal of the first wireless communication protocol or the second message The number is in an idle transmission resource. The first signal and the second signal are sent to the unlicensed band by the transceiver. The first signal and the second signal are used to maintain the transmission resources of the base station on the unlicensed frequency band. Thereafter, the licensed frequency band and the unlicensed frequency band are selectively or simultaneously used through the first wireless communication protocol and the first signal and the second signal.
本揭露提供一種基地台,適用於第一無線通訊協定。第一無線通訊協定包括基地台與至少一個第二基地台。基地台包括收發器及處理器。收發器透過非授權頻段來收發無線訊號,並接收對應至少一個第二基地台的訊號。處理器耦接至收發器。處理器依據至少一個第二基地台的訊號計算優先權並排序優先權名單,以獲得基地台在非授權頻段當中的優先權。處理器依據優先權名單優先使用相較於至少一第二基地台具有較高之優先權的無線資源。 The present disclosure provides a base station suitable for use in a first wireless communication protocol. The first wireless communication protocol includes a base station and at least one second base station. The base station includes a transceiver and a processor. The transceiver transmits and receives wireless signals through the unlicensed frequency band and receives signals corresponding to the at least one second base station. The processor is coupled to the transceiver. The processor calculates the priority according to the signal of the at least one second base station and sorts the priority list to obtain the priority of the base station among the unlicensed frequency bands. The processor preferentially uses the radio resource having a higher priority than the at least one second base station according to the priority list.
本揭露提供一種通訊方法,適於採用第一無線通訊協定的基地台。第一無線通訊協定包括基地台與至少一個第二基地台。首先,藉由收發器以透過非授權頻段來收發無線訊號,並接收對應至少一個第二基地台的訊號。接下來,依據至少一個第二基地台的訊號計算優先權並排序優先權名單,以獲得基地台在非授權頻段當中的優先權。之後,依據優先權名單優先使用相較於至少一第二基地台具有較高之優先權的無線資源。 The present disclosure provides a communication method suitable for a base station employing a first wireless communication protocol. The first wireless communication protocol includes a base station and at least one second base station. First, the transceiver transmits and receives the wireless signal through the unlicensed frequency band, and receives the signal corresponding to the at least one second base station. Next, the priority is calculated according to the signals of the at least one second base station and the priority list is sorted to obtain the priority of the base station among the unlicensed frequency bands. Thereafter, the radio resource having a higher priority than the at least one second base station is preferentially used according to the priority list.
本揭露提供一種通訊方法,適於用戶設備。首先,接收與用戶設備連線的基地台的訊號。接下來,依據此訊號來獲得對 應在無線通訊系統當中的優先權,並依據優先權得知基地台的已預約無線資源。之後,在不是基地台的已預約無線資源時,用戶設備不從基地台接收訊息,以節省電源。 The disclosure provides a communication method suitable for a user equipment. First, the signal of the base station connected to the user equipment is received. Next, follow this signal to get the right The priority of the wireless communication system should be given, and the reserved radio resources of the base station should be known according to the priority. Thereafter, when the radio resource is not reserved by the base station, the user equipment does not receive a message from the base station to save power.
基於上述,本揭露實施例提出的基地台及其通訊方法,適用於第一無線通訊協定的基地台可透過第一無線通訊協定的空閒傳輸資源來傳送符合第二無線通訊協定的訊號,以透過第一無線通訊協定採用的授權頻段和第二無線通訊協定所採用的非授權頻段來收發無線訊號。此外,不同營運商之間的基地台還可透過傳送有關於預約無線資源的訊號,以根據此訊號取得優先權名單並預約無線資源。如此一來,使用非授權頻段的不同營運商之間的基地台更可根據優先權名單使用無線資源,而無須競爭無線資源。除此之外,符合本揭露實施例的用戶設備更可依據連線之基地台有關於預約無線資源的的訊號,決定是否接收訊息,進而達到節省電源的效果。 Based on the above, the base station and the communication method thereof are applicable to the base station of the first wireless communication protocol, and the signal corresponding to the second wireless communication protocol can be transmitted through the idle transmission resource of the first wireless communication protocol to transmit The licensed band used by the first wireless protocol and the unlicensed band used by the second wireless protocol to send and receive wireless signals. In addition, the base station between different operators can also obtain a priority list and reserve radio resources according to the signal by transmitting a signal about the reserved radio resource. In this way, base stations between different operators using unlicensed bands can use radio resources according to the priority list without competing for radio resources. In addition, the user equipment according to the embodiment of the present disclosure can determine whether to receive the message according to the signal of the connected base station regarding the reservation of the wireless resource, thereby achieving the effect of saving power.
為讓本揭露的上述特徵和優點能更明顯易懂,下文特舉實施例,並配合所附圖式作詳細說明如下。 The above described features and advantages of the present invention will be more apparent from the following description.
101、102、103、104、105‧‧‧載波 101, 102, 103, 104, 105‧‧‧ carrier
200、310、320、312、314、910、920、1210、1220‧‧‧基地台 200, 310, 320, 312, 314, 910, 920, 1210, 1220‧‧‧ base stations
212、912‧‧‧收發器 212, 912‧‧‧ transceiver
214、914‧‧‧處理器 214, 914‧‧‧ processor
300‧‧‧無線通訊網路 300‧‧‧Wireless communication network
322‧‧‧WiFi無線接取點 322‧‧‧WiFi wireless access point
410、610‧‧‧802.11信標訊號 410, 610‧‧‧802.11 beacon signal
420、520‧‧‧發現參考訊號 420, 520‧‧‧ found reference signal
421、521‧‧‧小區特定參考訊號 421, 521‧‧‧cell-specific reference signals
422、522‧‧‧主分量載波 422, 522‧‧‧ primary component carrier
423、523‧‧‧輔分量載波 423, 523‧‧‧Subcomponent carrier
424、524‧‧‧通道狀態資訊參考訊號 424, 524‧‧‧ channel status information reference signal
430、530‧‧‧實體下行鏈路控制通道 430, 530‧‧‧ physical downlink control channel
510、710‧‧‧802.11實體層標頭訊號 510, 710‧‧‧802.11 physical layer header signal
720‧‧‧預約訊號 720‧‧‧Reservation signal
900、1200‧‧‧非授權頻段 900, 1200‧‧‧Unlicensed bands
1100、1211、1221‧‧‧訊號 1100, 1211, 1221‧‧‧ signals
1212、1222‧‧‧優先權名單 1212, 1222‧‧ ‧ priority list
A、B‧‧‧營運商 A, B‧‧‧ operator
D‧‧‧資料 D‧‧‧Information
S810、S820、S830、S840、S1010、S1020、S1030‧‧‧步驟 S810, S820, S830, S840, S1010, S1020, S1030‧‧
SF#0、SF#1、SF#2、SF#3、SF#4、SF#5、SF#6、SF#7、SF#8、SF#9‧‧‧子訊框 SF#0, SF#1, SF#2, SF#3, SF#4, SF#5, SF#6, SF#7, SF#8, SF#9‧‧‧ subframe
圖1繪示LTE無線通訊系統頻寬被區分為多個分量載波的示意圖。 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing that an LTE wireless communication system bandwidth is divided into a plurality of component carriers.
圖2是依照本揭露的一實施例繪示的一種基地台的示意圖。 2 is a schematic diagram of a base station according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
圖3是依照本揭露的一實施例所繪示在使用非授權頻段的LTE無線網路與WiFi無線通訊系統在非授權頻段共存的示意圖。 FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of coexistence of an LTE wireless network using an unlicensed frequency band and a WiFi wireless communication system in an unlicensed frequency band according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
圖4A是依照本揭露的一實施例所繪示符合WiFi通訊協定的802.11信標訊號在發現參考訊號中的示意圖。 FIG. 4A is a schematic diagram of an 802.11 beacon signal conforming to a WiFi protocol in a discovery reference signal according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
圖4B是依照本揭露的一實施例所繪示符合WiFi通訊協定的802.11信標訊號在實體下行鏈路控制通道中的示意圖。 FIG. 4B is a schematic diagram of an 802.11 beacon signal conforming to a WiFi protocol in a physical downlink control channel according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
圖5A是依照本揭露的一實施例所繪示符合WiFi通訊協定的802.11實體層標頭訊號在發現參考訊號中的示意圖。 FIG. 5A is a schematic diagram of an 802.11 entity layer header signal conforming to a WiFi protocol in a discovery reference signal according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
圖5B是依照本揭露的一實施例所繪示符合WiFi通訊協定的802.11實體層標頭訊號在實體下行鏈路控制通道中的示意圖。 FIG. 5B is a schematic diagram of an 802.11 entity layer header signal conforming to a WiFi protocol in a physical downlink control channel according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
圖6是依照本揭露的一實施例所繪示符合WiFi通訊協定的802.11信標訊號在LTE分時雙工的空隙中的示意圖。 FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an 802.11 beacon signal conforming to a WiFi protocol in an LTE time division duplex according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
圖7是依照本揭露的一實施例所繪示符合WiFi通訊協定的802.11實體層標頭訊號在一個預約訊號的空隙中的示意圖。 FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an 802.11 entity layer header signal conforming to a WiFi protocol in a gap of an appointment signal according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
圖8是依據本揭露之一實施例繪示採用第一無線通訊協定的基地台在非授權頻段內的通訊方法的流程圖。 FIG. 8 is a flow chart showing a communication method of a base station employing a first wireless communication protocol in an unlicensed frequency band according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
圖9是依據本揭露之一實施例繪示適於LTE通訊協定的基地台使用非授權頻段通訊的示意圖。 FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing the use of an unlicensed band communication by a base station suitable for an LTE communication protocol according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
圖10是繪示圖9的基地台之間通訊方法的流程圖。 FIG. 10 is a flow chart showing a method of communication between the base stations of FIG. 9.
圖11是依據本揭露之一實施例繪示的基地台傳輸的子訊框的示意圖。 FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a sub-frame transmitted by a base station according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
圖12是依據本揭露之一實施例繪示的基地台共用非授權頻 段的示意圖。 FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a base station sharing an unlicensed frequency according to an embodiment of the disclosure. Schematic diagram of the segment.
現將詳細參考本揭露之示範性實施例,在附圖中說明所述示範性實施例之實例。另外,凡可能之處,在圖式及實施方式中使用相同標號的元件/構件代表相同或類似部分。 The exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In addition, wherever possible, the same reference numerals in the drawings
圖2是依照本揭露的一實施例繪示的一種基地台200的示意圖。基地台200包括收發器(transceiver)212以及處理器214。基地台200適於第一無線通訊協定,第一無線通訊協定例如是長期演進技術(Long Term Evolution,LTE)協定、全球互通微波存取(Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access,WiMAX)協定、或蜂巢式無線存取網路其中之一,但本揭露不限於此。 FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a base station 200 according to an embodiment of the disclosure. The base station 200 includes a transceiver 212 and a processor 214. The base station 200 is adapted to a first wireless communication protocol, such as a Long Term Evolution (LTE) protocol, a Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) protocol, or a cellular wireless One of the access networks, but the disclosure is not limited thereto.
處理器214耦接收發器212。處理器214執行基地台200的無線通訊功能。收發器212可透過第一無線通訊協定採用的授權頻段和第二無線通訊協定所採用的非授權頻段來收發無線訊號,其中第二無線通訊協定為符合802.11標準的無線區域網路協定,並且第一無線通訊協定和第二無線通訊協定使用不同的無線存取技術,但本揭露不限於此。於本實施例中,收發器212可以具有第一無線通訊協定以及第二無線通訊協定的無線通訊收發功能,也可由具有第一無線通訊協定的通訊收發器以及具有第二無線通訊協定的通訊收發器相互配合而形成。處理器214可由複雜可編程邏輯裝置(CPLD)、場可編程閘陣列(FPGA)、微處理器 或其他相應硬體來實現。 The processor 214 is coupled to the receiver 212. The processor 214 performs the wireless communication function of the base station 200. The transceiver 212 can send and receive wireless signals through the licensed frequency band used by the first wireless communication protocol and the unlicensed frequency band used by the second wireless communication protocol, where the second wireless communication protocol is a wireless local area network protocol conforming to the 802.11 standard, and A wireless communication protocol and a second wireless communication protocol use different wireless access technologies, but the disclosure is not limited thereto. In this embodiment, the transceiver 212 may have a first wireless communication protocol and a second wireless communication protocol wireless communication transceiver function, or may be a communication transceiver having a first wireless communication protocol and a communication with a second wireless communication protocol. The devices are formed in cooperation with each other. The processor 214 can be a complex programmable logic device (CPLD), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), a microprocessor Or other corresponding hardware to achieve.
本實施例分別以LTE通訊協定和WiFi通訊協定作為第一無線通訊協定和第二無線通訊協定做說明,但本揭露不限於此。在此情況下,基地台200可以是LTE通訊協定的演進節點B(Evolved Node B,簡稱為eNB)和WiFi通訊協定的存取點(Access Point,AP)的組合。 In this embodiment, the LTE communication protocol and the WiFi communication protocol are respectively used as the first wireless communication protocol and the second wireless communication protocol, but the disclosure is not limited thereto. In this case, the base station 200 may be a combination of an Evolved Node B (eNB) of the LTE protocol and an access point (AP) of the WiFi protocol.
需說明的是,在非授權頻段部署LTE通訊協定有以下兩種方法:獨立的(stand-alone)方案和載波聚合(carrier aggregation)方案。在載波聚合方案當中,LTE無線網路可使用非授權頻段做為輔分量載波,並藉由LTE無線網路授權頻段的控制來輔助。在獨立的方案當中,LTE無線網路可以單獨執行,而不需授權頻段的輔助,但須考慮與非授權頻段共存的議題。LTE無線網路應考慮在非授權頻段中使用非授權頻段及與WiFi通訊協定之間共存的議題。 It should be noted that there are two methods for deploying an LTE communication protocol in an unlicensed frequency band: a stand-alone solution and a carrier aggregation scheme. In the carrier aggregation scheme, the LTE wireless network can use the unlicensed frequency band as a secondary component carrier and is assisted by the control of the licensed frequency band of the LTE wireless network. In an independent solution, the LTE wireless network can be implemented separately without the assistance of a licensed frequency band, but the issues of coexistence with unlicensed bands must be considered. LTE wireless networks should consider the use of unlicensed bands in unlicensed bands and issues of coexistence with WiFi protocols.
WiFi通訊協定在非授權頻段通常使用一種運作形式稱為載波感測多重存取/碰撞檢測(Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection,CSMA/CD)機制。CSMA/CD機制使用載波感測通道,並且當判定感測的通道狀態為「空閒(idle)」時,WiFi無線通訊系統的裝置才傳送訊號,以避免碰撞。使用載波感測通道為「空閒」或「忙碌」的狀態,是基於透過WiFi通訊協定定義的空閒通道評估(clear channel assessment,CCA)函數來定義。舉例來說,空閒通道評估函數可以透過報導忙碌介質在偵測到能 量高於能量臨界值,或偵測到可識別的訊號能量高於能量臨界值來實現。而能量臨界值可以由WiFi通訊協定、標準化組織的法規、或法律來限制。 The WiFi protocol generally uses a carrier form called Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection (CSMA/CD) mechanism in the unlicensed band. The CSMA/CD mechanism uses a carrier sense channel, and when it is determined that the sensed channel state is "idle", the device of the WiFi wireless communication system transmits a signal to avoid collision. The use of the carrier sense channel as "idle" or "busy" is defined based on the clear channel assessment (CCA) function defined by the WiFi protocol. For example, the idle channel evaluation function can detect the ability to detect busy media. The amount is higher than the energy threshold, or it is detected that the identifiable signal energy is higher than the energy threshold. The energy threshold can be limited by the WiFi protocol, the regulations of the standardization organization, or the law.
為了節省功率,WiFi無線通訊系統使用具有虛擬載波感測的載波感測多重存取/碰撞檢測機制。虛擬載波感測(Virtual Carrier Sense,VCS)是一種邏輯抽象概念,用以減少實體載波感測的頻率以節省功率。媒體存取控制層(MAC layer)的標頭訊號含有具體化訊號所需傳輸時間的區間欄位,而在此期間介質為忙碌的狀態。在無線介質上監聽的基地台讀取區間欄位並設置網路配置向量,其中網路配置向量為基地台的指示符(indicator),指出接取介質須延遲多久的時間。實體層的標頭訊號還包含在傳統訊號(Legacy Signal Field,L-SIG)欄位,以用於虛擬載波感測機制的傳輸速率及資料長度資訊。 To save power, the WiFi wireless communication system uses a carrier sense multiple access/collision detection mechanism with virtual carrier sensing. Virtual Carrier Sense (VCS) is a logical abstraction concept used to reduce the frequency of physical carrier sensing to save power. The header signal of the MAC layer contains an interval field that specifies the transmission time required for the signal, during which the medium is in a busy state. The base station listening on the wireless medium reads the interval field and sets the network configuration vector, wherein the network configuration vector is an indicator of the base station, indicating how long the access medium has to be delayed. The header signal of the physical layer is also included in the Legacy Signal Field (L-SIG) field for the transmission rate and data length information of the virtual carrier sensing mechanism.
除此之外,WiFi無線通訊系統的接取點還使用一種稱為動態頻率選擇(Dynamic Frequency Selection,DFS)的機制,以滿足在5GHz頻帶中在一些法令規章中用於雷達偵測及均勻通道延展的需求。具有動態頻率選擇的WiFi通訊協定的接取點可自動地選擇頻率通道,以避免與雷達系統的共通道運作,並至少基於干擾層級、接收到的功率層級、空閒通道評估的報告以及是否有雷達系統或其他WiFi無線通訊系統的接取點等其中之一,以提供可用通道的均勻利用率。具有動態頻率選擇的WiFi通訊協定的接取點根據其他WiFi無線通訊系統的接取點週期性地傳送的信標訊 號(Beacon),以識別其他WiFi無線通訊系統的接取點。信標訊號含有系統資訊,如時間戳、信標間隔、能力資訊等等。 In addition, the access point of the WiFi wireless communication system uses a mechanism called Dynamic Frequency Selection (DFS) to meet the radar detection and uniform channel in some laws and regulations in the 5GHz band. Extended demand. The access point of the WiFi protocol with dynamic frequency selection automatically selects the frequency channel to avoid co-channel operation with the radar system and is based at least on the interference level, the received power level, the report of the idle channel evaluation, and whether there is a radar One of the access points of the system or other WiFi wireless communication system to provide uniform utilization of available channels. The access point of the WiFi protocol with dynamic frequency selection is periodically transmitted according to the access point of other WiFi wireless communication systems. Beacon to identify the access point of other WiFi wireless communication systems. Beacon signals contain system information such as timestamps, beacon intervals, capability information, and more.
接下來,為了使LTE無線網路可使用非授權頻段並與WiFi無線通訊系統共存,處理器214將符合WiFi通訊協定的第一訊號配置在符合LTE通訊協定的第二訊號的一空閒傳輸資源中或第二訊號周圍的一空閒傳輸資源中,並將第一訊號與第二訊號以收發器212發送至WiFi通訊協定所採用的非授權頻段,以維持基地台在非授權頻段上的傳輸資源。基地台200透過LTE通訊協定以及第一訊號與該第二訊號以選擇性地或同時地使用授權頻段以及非授權頻段。 Next, in order to enable the LTE wireless network to use the unlicensed frequency band and coexist with the WiFi wireless communication system, the processor 214 configures the first signal conforming to the WiFi communication protocol in an idle transmission resource conforming to the second signal of the LTE communication protocol. Or an idle transmission resource around the second signal, and the first signal and the second signal are sent by the transceiver 212 to the unlicensed frequency band used by the WiFi protocol to maintain the transmission resources of the base station on the unlicensed frequency band. The base station 200 selectively or simultaneously uses the licensed frequency band and the unlicensed frequency band through the LTE communication protocol and the first signal and the second signal.
詳細而言,LTE無線網路在非授權頻段所傳送符合LTE通訊協定的第二訊號為無線網路的資料、控制訊號或參考訊號,其例如是發現參考訊號(Discovery Reference Signal)、實體下行鏈路控制通道(physical downlink control channel,PDCCH)或下行鏈路轉上行鏈路的資源區塊,但本發明不限於此。而LTE無線網路在第二訊號的一空閒傳輸資源或第二訊號周圍的一空閒傳輸資源所傳送至少一個符合WiFi通訊協定的第一訊號可以是系統訊框、或一般資料訊框或訊號。系統訊框例如是RTS/CTS訊號或802.11信標訊號,一般資料訊框或訊號例如是802.11實體層標頭訊號,本發明亦未對此有所限制。 In detail, the second signal transmitted by the LTE wireless network in the unlicensed band conforming to the LTE protocol is a data, control signal or reference signal of the wireless network, such as a Discovery Reference Signal and a physical downlink. A physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) or a resource block of a downlink to uplink, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The LTE wireless network transmits at least one first communication signal conforming to the WiFi protocol in an idle transmission resource of the second signal or an idle transmission resource around the second signal, which may be a system frame, or a general data frame or a signal. The system frame is, for example, an RTS/CTS signal or an 802.11 beacon signal. The general data frame or signal is, for example, an 802.11 physical layer header signal, which is not limited by the present invention.
如此一來,適於LTE通訊協定的基地台200透過在非授權頻帶傳送的第一訊號與第二訊號,並基於上述WiFi通訊協定的 合作機制(即,WiFi無線通訊系統的虛擬載波感測機制及動態頻率選擇機制),可避免與WiFi無線通訊系統的裝置使用相同的通道,並維持基地台在非授權頻段上的傳輸資源。基地台200透過LTE通訊協定以及第一訊號與該第二訊號以選擇性地或同時地使用授權頻段以及非授權頻段。 In this way, the base station 200 suitable for the LTE communication protocol transmits the first signal and the second signal transmitted in the unlicensed frequency band, and is based on the foregoing WiFi communication protocol. The cooperation mechanism (ie, the virtual carrier sensing mechanism of the WiFi wireless communication system and the dynamic frequency selection mechanism) can avoid using the same channel as the device of the WiFi wireless communication system and maintain the transmission resources of the base station on the unlicensed frequency band. The base station 200 selectively or simultaneously uses the licensed frequency band and the unlicensed frequency band through the LTE communication protocol and the first signal and the second signal.
舉例來說,圖3是依照本揭露的一實施例所繪示在使用非授權頻段的LTE無線網路與WiFi無線通訊系統在非授權頻段共存的示意圖。請參照圖3,無線通訊網路300包括兩個巨型基地台(Macro eNBs),基地台310、320。在巨型基地台310的覆蓋範圍內有兩個小型細胞基地台,基地台312、314,其使用相同的非授權通道(應該注意的是,一個非授權頻段至少含有一非授權通道)。在巨型基地台320的覆蓋範圍內有一個新的WiFi無線接取點322,其可根據WiFi無線通訊系統的虛擬載波感測及動態頻率選擇機制搜尋可用的非授權通道。此外,基地台310、312、314屬於第一營運商A,而基地台320及WiFi無線接取點322屬於第二營運商B。值得注意的是,在基地台312及314之間的干擾和資源管理可以透過第一營運商A的操作、管理和維護系統來處理,故在基地台310、312、314之間可具有回程網路(backhaul)。由基地台312及314服務的用戶設備之控制可透過基地台310來輔助。 For example, FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of coexistence of an LTE wireless network using an unlicensed frequency band and a WiFi wireless communication system in an unlicensed frequency band according to an embodiment of the disclosure. Referring to FIG. 3, the wireless communication network 300 includes two macro base stations (Macro eNBs), and base stations 310 and 320. Within the coverage of the giant base station 310 are two small cell base stations, base stations 312, 314, which use the same unlicensed channel (it should be noted that one unlicensed band contains at least one unauthorized channel). Within the coverage of the giant base station 320, there is a new WiFi wireless access point 322 that can search for available unauthorized channels in accordance with the virtual carrier sensing and dynamic frequency selection mechanisms of the WiFi wireless communication system. In addition, the base stations 310, 312, and 314 belong to the first operator A, and the base station 320 and the WiFi wireless access point 322 belong to the second operator B. It is worth noting that the interference and resource management between the base stations 312 and 314 can be handled by the operation, management and maintenance system of the first operator A, so that there can be a backhaul network between the base stations 310, 312 and 314. Road (backhaul). Control of user equipment served by base stations 312 and 314 can be assisted by base station 310.
然而,在基地台314及WiFi無線接取點322之間不具有回程網路。為了避免WiFi無線接取點322使用與基地台312及314 相同的非授權通道,基地台312及314可配置一個群播廣播單頻網(multicast broadcast single frequency network,MBSFN)子訊框,或使用實體下行鏈路控制通道(physical downlink control channel,PDCCH)、發現參考訊號(Discovery Reference Signal)的空隙(即,空閒傳輸資源),或LTE分時雙工(Time-Division Duplex,TDD)的間隙,來傳送WiFi通訊協定的系統訊框、一般資料訊框或訊號。 However, there is no backhaul network between the base station 314 and the WiFi wireless access point 322. In order to avoid the use of the WiFi wireless access point 322 with the base stations 312 and 314 For the same unlicensed channel, the base stations 312 and 314 can be configured with a multicast broadcast single frequency network (MBSFN) subframe or a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH). Discover the gap of the Discovery Reference Signal (ie, idle transmission resources), or the LTE Time-Division Duplex (TDD) gap to transmit the system frame of the WiFi protocol, the general data frame, or Signal.
值得注意的是,基地台312及314可以透過傳送WiFi通訊協定的系統訊框(即,RTS/CTS訊號或802.11信標訊號),使得802.11無線接取點322因應於動態頻率選擇而不會先使用基地台312及314的通道。舉例來說,圖4A是依照本揭露的一實施例所繪示符合WiFi通訊協定的802.11信標訊號410在發現參考訊號420中的示意圖。圖4B是依照本揭露的一實施例所繪示符合WiFi通訊協定的802.11信標訊號410在實體下行鏈路控制通道430中的示意圖。請參照圖4A,LTE版本12的發現參考訊號420為細胞發現、同步及測量的參考訊號,其包含小區特定參考訊號421(Cell-specific reference signal,CRS)、主分量載波(primary component carrier,PCC)422、輔分量載波(secondary component carrier,SCC)423以及可配置的通道狀態資訊參考訊號(channel state information reference signal,CSI-RS)424,分別佔據不連續的符號。因此,當LTE通訊協定在傳送發現參考訊號420時,子訊框中有許多未使用的符號及資源。由於歐洲電信標準協會 (European Telecommunication Standards Institute,ETSI)標準定義所佔用的通道頻寬是含有99%的訊號的功率的頻寬,以及所佔用的通道頻寬應在聲明的通道頻寬的80%~100%之間。LTE版本12的發現參考訊號420需要增強對佔用通道頻寬的要求,故基地台312及314可將符合WiFi通訊協定的802.11信標訊號410配置在發現參考訊號420的空閒傳輸資源中,以充分利用發現參考訊號420其子訊框的資源,如圖4A所示。因此,類似地,基地台312及314同樣可將符合WiFi通訊協定的802.11信標訊號410配置在實體下行鏈路控制通道430的空閒傳輸資源中,如圖4B所示。 It is worth noting that the base stations 312 and 314 can transmit the system frame of the WiFi protocol (ie, the RTS/CTS signal or the 802.11 beacon signal), so that the 802.11 wireless access point 322 does not respond to the dynamic frequency selection. Channels of base stations 312 and 314 are used. For example, FIG. 4A is a schematic diagram of the 802.11 beacon signal 410 conforming to the WiFi protocol in the discovery reference signal 420 according to an embodiment of the disclosure. FIG. 4B is a schematic diagram of an 802.11 beacon signal 410 conforming to the WiFi protocol in the physical downlink control channel 430 according to an embodiment of the disclosure. Referring to FIG. 4A, the LTE version 12 discovery reference signal 420 is a reference signal for cell discovery, synchronization, and measurement, and includes a cell-specific reference signal (CRS) and a primary component carrier (PCC). 422, a secondary component carrier (SCC) 423, and a configurable channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) 424 occupying discontinuous symbols, respectively. Therefore, when the LTE protocol is transmitting the discovery reference signal 420, there are many unused symbols and resources in the subframe. European Telecommunications Standards Association (European Telecommunication Standards Institute, ETSI) standard definition of the channel bandwidth is the bandwidth of the power containing 99% of the signal, and the occupied channel bandwidth should be between 80% and 100% of the declared channel bandwidth . The LTE version 12 discovery reference signal 420 needs to enhance the bandwidth requirement of the occupied channel. Therefore, the base stations 312 and 314 can configure the 802.11 beacon signal 410 conforming to the WiFi protocol to be configured in the idle transmission resource of the discovery reference signal 420. The resource of the sub-frame of the discovery reference signal 420 is used, as shown in FIG. 4A. Therefore, similarly, the base stations 312 and 314 can also configure the 802.11 beacon signal 410 conforming to the WiFi protocol in the idle transmission resource of the physical downlink control channel 430, as shown in FIG. 4B.
除此之外,圖5A是依照本揭露的一實施例所繪示符合WiFi通訊協定的802.11實體層標頭訊號510在發現參考訊號520中的示意圖。圖5B是依照本揭露的一實施例所繪示符合WiFi通訊協定的802.11實體層標頭訊號510在實體下行鏈路控制通道530中的示意圖。在本實施例中,基地台312及314亦可將802.11實體層標頭訊號510配置在發現參考訊號520或實體下行鏈路控制通道530的空閒傳輸資源中,以充分利用子訊框的資源。而圖5A所示的發現參考訊號520同樣可包含小區特定參考訊號521、主分量載波522、輔分量載波523以及可配置的通道狀態資訊參考訊號524,本揭露未對此有所限制。 In addition, FIG. 5A is a schematic diagram of the 802.11 entity layer header signal 510 conforming to the WiFi protocol in the discovery reference signal 520 according to an embodiment of the disclosure. FIG. 5B is a schematic diagram of an 802.11 entity layer header signal 510 conforming to the WiFi protocol in the physical downlink control channel 530 according to an embodiment of the disclosure. In this embodiment, the base stations 312 and 314 can also configure the 802.11 physical layer header signal 510 in the idle transmission resource of the discovery reference signal 520 or the physical downlink control channel 530 to fully utilize the resources of the subframe. The discovery reference signal 520 shown in FIG. 5A may also include a cell-specific reference signal 521, a primary component carrier 522, a secondary component carrier 523, and a configurable channel state information reference signal 524, which is not limited by the disclosure.
值得注意的是,802.11實體層標頭訊號510可包含符合WiFi通訊協定的實體層標頭訊號的傳統短訓練欄位(Legacy Short Training Field,L-STF)、傳統長訓練欄位(Legacy Long Training Field,L-LTF)與傳統訊號欄位(Legacy Signal Field,L-SIG),而802.11實體層標頭訊號510至少包括通道預約訊息、自動增益控制(automatic gain control,AGC)設定以及時間及頻率同步訊息其中之一,使得WiFi無線接取點322因應於虛擬載波感測而不會先使用基地台312及314的通道。 It should be noted that the 802.11 entity layer header signal 510 may include a legacy short training field (L-STF) conforming to the entity layer header signal of the WiFi protocol, and a legacy long training field (Legacy Long Training). Field, L-LTF) and Legacy Signal Field (L-SIG), and 802.11 physical layer header signal 510 includes at least channel reservation message, automatic gain control (AGC) setting, and time and frequency. One of the synchronization messages causes the WiFi wireless access point 322 to not use the channels of the base stations 312 and 314 first in response to virtual carrier sensing.
類似地,圖6及圖7同樣利用LTE通訊協定的空閒傳輸資源來傳送一個符合WiFi通訊協定的802.11信標訊號或實體層標頭訊號。圖6是依照本揭露的一實施例所繪示符合WiFi通訊協定的802.11信標訊號610在LTE分時雙工的空隙中的示意圖。值得注意的是,圖6為利用資源區塊下行鏈路轉上行鏈路的空閒資源來傳送WiFi通訊協定的802.11信標訊號610,以達到充分利用子訊框的資源的效果。圖7是依照本揭露的一實施例所繪示符合WiFi通訊協定的802.11實體層標頭訊號710在一個預約訊號720的空隙中的示意圖。如果所使用的LTE系統是LTE分時雙工系統,基地台312及314可以配置特殊子訊框或UL子訊框的空隙。 Similarly, FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 also utilize an idle transmission resource of the LTE protocol to transmit an 802.11 beacon signal or a physical layer header signal conforming to the WiFi protocol. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an 802.11 beacon signal 610 conforming to a WiFi protocol in an LTE time division duplex according to an embodiment of the disclosure. It should be noted that FIG. 6 is an effect of transmitting the 802.11 beacon signal 610 of the WiFi protocol by using the idle resource of the downlink of the resource block to the uplink to achieve the effect of fully utilizing the resources of the subframe. FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an 802.11 entity layer header signal 710 conforming to the WiFi protocol in a gap of an appointment signal 720 according to an embodiment of the disclosure. If the LTE system used is an LTE time-division duplex system, the base stations 312 and 314 can configure the gaps of the special subframe or the UL subframe.
即使WiFi無線接取點322仍欲使用基地台312及314的通道,WiFi通訊協定的訊框可以配置用於資源預約的區間欄位或靜默期(quiet period)(例如,802.11h函數)。訊框可含有至少一個特殊的基本服務集識別碼(basic service set identification,BSSID)(例如,111...11)、特殊的類型值(例如,預約值Type=11)、及WiFi通訊協定訊框架構的子類型值(例如,Type=00的預約值0110-0111及1101-111)以指出使用非授權頻段的LTE小型細胞 基地台或指出用於在WiFi無線通訊系統和LTE基地台之間共存的一些資訊,但本揭露不限於此。 Even if the WiFi wireless access point 322 still wants to use the channels of the base stations 312 and 314, the WiFi protocol frame can be configured for the interval field or the quiet period of the resource reservation (eg, the 802.11h function). The frame may contain at least one special basic service set identification (BSSID) (for example, 111...11), a special type value (for example, a reservation value of Type=11), and a WiFi communication protocol. Subtype values of the frame structure (for example, reserved values 0110-0111 and 1101-111 of Type=00) to indicate LTE small cells using unlicensed bands The base station may indicate some information for coexistence between the WiFi wireless communication system and the LTE base station, but the disclosure is not limited thereto.
因此,WiFi通訊協定的訊框可以具有一個802.11h測量報告。802.11h測量報告可以是一個基本的802.11h函數的測量報告,以報導有其他的基本服務集合(Basic Service Sets,BSS)。802.11h測量報告可以是一個802.11h函數的空閒通道評估函數報告,以報導不良的通道情形。802.11h測量報告可以是一個802.11h函數的接收功率指標報告,以報導不良的接收功率品質。802.11h測量報告可以指出使用非授權通道的LTE小型細胞基地台或指出用於在802.11無線存取點和LTE基地台之間共存的一些資訊。本揭露並未對802.11h測量報告有所限制。 Therefore, the frame of the WiFi protocol can have an 802.11h measurement report. The 802.11h measurement report can be a basic 802.11h function measurement report to report other Basic Service Sets (BSS). The 802.11h measurement report can be an idle channel evaluation function report for an 802.11h function to report a bad channel condition. The 802.11h measurement report can be an 802.11h function received power indicator report to report poor received power quality. The 802.11h measurement report may indicate an LTE small cell base station using an unlicensed channel or indicate some information for coexistence between the 802.11 wireless access point and the LTE base station. This disclosure does not limit the 802.11h measurement report.
如此一來,包括WiFi通訊協定的系統訊框、一般資料訊框或訊號可用以維持基地台在非授權頻段上的傳輸資源,使得基地台得以透過LTE通訊協定以及WiFi通訊協定的系統訊框、一般資料訊框或訊號可以選擇性地或同時地使用授權頻段以及非授權頻段。 In this way, the system frame, the general data frame or the signal including the WiFi protocol can be used to maintain the transmission resources of the base station in the unlicensed frequency band, so that the base station can pass the LTE communication protocol and the system frame of the WiFi protocol, The general data frame or signal can selectively or simultaneously use the licensed band and the unlicensed band.
基此,本揭露依據上述各實施例繪示採用第一無線通訊協定的基地台在非授權頻段內的通訊方法的流程圖。請參考圖8,圖8是依據本揭露之一實施例繪示採用第一無線通訊協定的基地台在非授權頻段內的通訊方法的流程圖。在步驟810中,基地台藉由收發器以透過第一無線通訊協定採用的授權頻段和非授權頻段來收發無線訊號,其中非授權頻段為第二無線通訊協定所採 用,並且第一無線通訊協定和第二無線通訊協定使用不同的無線存取技術。在步驟820中,基地台的處理器將符合第二無線通訊協定的第一訊號配置在符合第一無線通訊協定的第二訊號的一空閒傳輸資源中或第二訊號周圍的一空閒傳輸資源中。在步驟830中,基地台將第一訊號與第二訊號藉由收發器發送至非授權頻段,其中第一訊號與第二訊號用以維持基地台在非授權頻段上的傳輸資源。在步驟840中,基地台透過第一無線通訊協定以及第一訊號與第二訊號以選擇性地或同時地使用授權頻段以及非授權頻段。 Based on the foregoing embodiments, the disclosure shows a flow chart of a communication method of a base station using a first wireless communication protocol in an unlicensed frequency band. Please refer to FIG. 8. FIG. 8 is a flow chart showing a communication method of a base station using a first wireless communication protocol in an unlicensed frequency band according to an embodiment of the disclosure. In step 810, the base station transmits and receives wireless signals through the transceiver through the licensed frequency band and the unlicensed frequency band used by the first wireless communication protocol, wherein the unlicensed frequency band is adopted by the second wireless communication protocol. And the first wireless communication protocol and the second wireless communication protocol use different wireless access technologies. In step 820, the processor of the base station configures the first signal conforming to the second wireless communication protocol in an idle transmission resource that conforms to the second signal of the first wireless communication protocol or an idle transmission resource around the second signal. . In step 830, the base station sends the first signal and the second signal to the unlicensed frequency band by using the transceiver, where the first signal and the second signal are used to maintain the transmission resources of the base station on the unlicensed frequency band. In step 840, the base station selectively or simultaneously uses the licensed frequency band and the unlicensed frequency band through the first wireless communication protocol and the first signal and the second signal.
簡言之,本揭露實施例提出的基地台及無線通訊技術可透過第一無線通訊協定的空閒傳輸資源來傳送符合第二無線通訊協定的訊號,並採用第二無線通訊協定的虛擬載波感測或動態頻率選擇等合作機制,避免第二無線通訊協定的裝置使用相同的通道。如此一來,基地台可透過第一無線通訊協定採用的授權頻段和第二無線通訊協定所採用的非授權頻段來收發無線訊號,進而可選擇性地或同時地使用授權頻段以及非授權頻段。 Briefly, the base station and the wireless communication technology proposed by the embodiment can transmit the signal conforming to the second wireless communication protocol through the idle transmission resource of the first wireless communication protocol, and use the virtual carrier sensing of the second wireless communication protocol. A cooperative mechanism such as dynamic frequency selection prevents the devices of the second wireless protocol from using the same channel. In this way, the base station can transmit and receive wireless signals through the licensed frequency band used by the first wireless communication protocol and the unlicensed frequency band used by the second wireless communication protocol, thereby selectively or simultaneously using the licensed frequency band and the unlicensed frequency band.
另一方面,當隸屬於不同營運商之間LTE通訊協定的基地台皆欲使用非授權頻段,其基地台之間的干擾及共享通道的機制可由以下的實施例來做說明。 On the other hand, when the base stations belonging to the LTE communication protocol between different operators want to use the unlicensed frequency bands, the interference between the base stations and the mechanism for sharing the channels can be explained by the following embodiments.
圖9是依據本揭露之一實施例繪示適於LTE通訊協定的基地台使用非授權頻段900通訊的示意圖。在本實施例中,非授權頻段900包括基地台910、920。在本揭露實施例中,基地台910、 920的實施態樣皆相似,故以下將以基地台910為例來介紹其特性。基地台910適用於第一無線通訊協定,其中第一無線通訊協定為長期演進技術協定、全球互通微波存取協定、及蜂巢式無線存取網路其中之一,但可不限於此。 FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a base station suitable for an LTE communication protocol using an unlicensed frequency band 900 according to an embodiment of the disclosure. In this embodiment, the unlicensed band 900 includes base stations 910, 920. In the disclosed embodiment, the base station 910, The implementation of the 920 is similar, so the base station 910 will be used as an example to introduce its characteristics. The base station 910 is applicable to the first wireless communication protocol, wherein the first wireless communication protocol is one of a long term evolution technology protocol, a global interoperability microwave access protocol, and a cellular wireless access network, but is not limited thereto.
基地台910包括收發器912以及處理器914。處理器914耦接收發器912。處理器914執行基地台910的無線通訊功能。收發器912可透過非授權頻段來收發無線訊號。但應該注意的是,非授權頻段為第二無線通訊協定所採用,而第一無線通訊協定和第二無線通訊協定使用不同的無線存取技術。因此,第二無線通訊協定例如為符合802.11標準的無線區域網路協定,但本揭露並未對此有所限制。 Base station 910 includes a transceiver 912 and a processor 914. The processor 914 is coupled to the receiver 912. The processor 914 performs the wireless communication function of the base station 910. The transceiver 912 can send and receive wireless signals through an unlicensed frequency band. It should be noted, however, that the unlicensed frequency band is used by the second wireless communication protocol, and the first wireless communication protocol and the second wireless communication protocol use different wireless access technologies. Therefore, the second wireless communication protocol is, for example, a wireless local area network protocol conforming to the 802.11 standard, but the disclosure does not limit this.
本實施例分別以LTE通訊協定和WiFi通訊協定作為第一無線通訊協定和第二無線通訊協定做說明,但本揭露不限於此。在此情況下,基地台910同樣類似於上述實施例,相當於LTE通訊協定的演進節點B和WiFi通訊協定的存取點的結合。 In this embodiment, the LTE communication protocol and the WiFi communication protocol are respectively used as the first wireless communication protocol and the second wireless communication protocol, but the disclosure is not limited thereto. In this case, the base station 910 is also similar to the above embodiment, and is equivalent to the combination of the evolved Node B of the LTE protocol and the access point of the WiFi protocol.
圖10是繪示圖9的基地台910與920之間通訊方法的流程圖。本實施例提出的方法可由圖9的基地台910與920實施,以下即搭配基地台910中的各項元件說明本揭露之基地台910與920之間通訊方法的各個步驟。 FIG. 10 is a flow chart showing a method of communication between the base stations 910 and 920 of FIG. The method proposed in this embodiment can be implemented by the base stations 910 and 920 of FIG. 9, and the following steps, that is, the components in the base station 910, describe the steps of the communication method between the base stations 910 and 920 disclosed herein.
在步驟S1010中,基地台910藉由收發器912以透過非授權頻段來收發無線訊號,並接收對應至少一第二基地台的訊號。基地台910除了可藉由收發器912以透過非授權頻段來收發 無線訊號之外,還可接收基地台920所傳送有關於預約無線資源的訊號。應該注意的是,基地台910亦可接收其他基地台有關於預約無線資源的訊號,本揭露並不限於此,但為了便於說明本實施例的精神,以下僅以基地台920為例來說明基地台之間的通訊方法。 In step S1010, the base station 910 transmits and receives a wireless signal through the unlicensed frequency band through the transceiver 912, and receives a signal corresponding to at least one second base station. The base station 910 can transmit and receive through the unlicensed frequency band through the transceiver 912. In addition to the wireless signal, a signal transmitted by the base station 920 regarding the reserved wireless resource may also be received. It should be noted that the base station 910 can also receive signals from other base stations regarding reservation of radio resources. The disclosure is not limited thereto. However, in order to facilitate the description of the spirit of the embodiment, the base station 920 is used as an example to illustrate the base. Communication method between stations.
在本實施例中,基地台910傳輸的子訊框(subframe)可以預留部分或是最後的符元(symbol),以使基地台920傳輸有關於預約無線資源的訊號。請參照圖11,圖11是依據本揭露之一實施例繪示的基地台910傳輸的子訊框的示意圖。基地台910傳輸的子訊框SF#0~SF#9包含所傳送的資料D之外,還可夾帶一種訊號1100為有關於其自身預約無線資源的相關資訊。此訊號1100以數子0、1、2分別表示未預約的無線資源、已預約的無線資源、已預約但預留最後的符元給其他基地台傳送預約的訊號等資訊。基地台920在接收到基地台910傳輸的子訊框SF#0~SF#9之後,解碼並分析基地台910已預約或未預約的無線資源,以找出可傳送預約的訊號的時機點。由於基地台920可解碼出基地台910在子訊框SF#3或SF#8的訊號1100的值為2(即,表示已預約但預留最後的符元給其他基地台傳送預約的訊號),故基地台920可在子訊框SF#3或SF#8的最後符元期間傳送其預約的訊號。而應該注意的是,隸屬於相同營運商之間LTE通訊協定的基地台可以透過多工的方式或合併多個預約的訊號為合併的訊號,以使用相同的子訊框來傳送訊號。此外,若此訊號為週期性的訊號,則此訊 號更含有週期長度資訊。 In this embodiment, the subframe transmitted by the base station 910 may reserve a part or a last symbol to enable the base station 920 to transmit a signal regarding the reserved radio resource. Please refer to FIG. 11. FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a subframe transmitted by a base station 910 according to an embodiment of the disclosure. The sub-frames SF#0~SF#9 transmitted by the base station 910 include the transmitted data D, and may also carry a signal 1100 as related information about the radio resources reserved by itself. The signal 1100 indicates the unreserved radio resource, the reserved radio resource, and the reserved signal to the other base station to transmit the reserved signal by the number 0, 1, and 2, respectively. After receiving the subframes SF#0~SF#9 transmitted by the base station 910, the base station 920 decodes and analyzes the reserved or unreserved radio resources of the base station 910 to find the timing of the signal that can transmit the reservation. Since the base station 920 can decode the value of the signal 1100 of the base station 910 in the subframe SF#3 or SF#8 is 2 (that is, the signal indicating that the reservation has been reserved but the last symbol is reserved for transmitting the reservation to other base stations) Therefore, the base station 920 can transmit its reserved signal during the last symbol of the subframe SF#3 or SF#8. It should be noted that the base stations belonging to the LTE communication protocol between the same operators can use the same sub-frame to transmit signals by multiplexing or combining multiple reserved signals into combined signals. In addition, if the signal is a periodic signal, then the message The number also contains cycle length information.
在本揭露的其他實施例中,各基地台所傳送有關於預約無線資源的訊號亦可配置在符合LTE通訊協定的訊號的空閒傳輸資源或是符合LTE通訊協定的訊號周圍的空閒傳輸資源中,符合LTE通訊協定的訊號例如是發現參考訊號(Discovery Reference Signal)、實體下行鏈路控制通道(physical downlink control channel,PDCCH)、資源區塊下行鏈路轉上行鏈路的空閒資源或其他參考訊號,如圖4~圖7所示,但本揭露並不限於此。 In other embodiments of the present disclosure, the signal transmitted by each base station regarding the reserved radio resource may also be configured in an idle transmission resource conforming to the signal of the LTE protocol or an idle transmission resource surrounding the signal conforming to the LTE protocol, The signals of the LTE communication protocol are, for example, a Discovery Reference Signal, a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), a resource block downlink to uplink idle resource, or other reference signals, such as 4 to 7 are shown, but the disclosure is not limited thereto.
另一方面,有關於預約無線資源的訊號至少包括優先權名單、蜂巢識別碼(cell identifier,cell ID)、裝置識別碼、營運商識別碼、訊號號碼、時間資訊、頻率資訊或隨機號碼其中之一。由於LTE無線通訊系統的通訊裝置在非授權頻帶內無法在任何給定時間自由發射或接收,基地台910需依據基地台920所傳送有關於預約無線資源的訊號排程,以與基地台920共用在非授權頻帶內的通道。 On the other hand, the signal about the reserved radio resource includes at least a priority list, a cell identifier (cell identifier), a device identification code, an operator identification code, a signal number, a time information, a frequency information, or a random number. One. Since the communication device of the LTE wireless communication system cannot be freely transmitted or received at any given time in the unlicensed frequency band, the base station 910 needs to share the signal schedule for the reserved wireless resource according to the base station 920 to share with the base station 920. A channel within an unlicensed band.
在步驟S1020中,基地台910依據至少一個第二基地台的訊號計算優先權並排序優先權名單,以獲得基地台在非授權頻段當中的優先權。在步驟S1030中,基地台910依據優先權名單優先使用相較於至少一第二基地台具有較高之優先權的無線資源。 In step S1020, the base station 910 calculates the priority and sorts the priority list according to the signals of the at least one second base station to obtain the priority of the base station among the unlicensed frequency bands. In step S1030, the base station 910 preferentially uses the radio resource having a higher priority than the at least one second base station according to the priority list.
在本實施例中,基地台910的處理器914更依據基地台920所傳送有關於預約無線資源的訊號計算優先權,並排序優先權 名單。基地台910可根據有關於預約無線資源的訊號所包括的優先權名單、蜂巢識別碼(cell identifier,cell ID)、裝置識別碼、營運商識別碼、訊號號碼、時間資訊、頻率資訊或隨機號碼等資訊計算優先權,本揭露並未對優先權的計算方式有所限制。之後,基地台910取得在非授權頻段當中的優先權名單之後,可依據優先權名單優先使用相較於基地台920具有較高之優先權的無線資源。另外,基地台910還可依據優先權以在非授權頻段中向基地台920預約無線資源。需說明的是,基地台910可透過交換訊息的方式或是其他行為向基地台920預約無線資源,本揭露並未對此有所限制。 In this embodiment, the processor 914 of the base station 910 further calculates the priority according to the signal transmitted by the base station 920 regarding the reserved radio resource, and sorts the priority. List. The base station 910 may include a priority list, a cell identifier, a device identifier, a carrier identifier, a signal number, a time information, a frequency information, or a random number included in the signal regarding the reserved wireless resource. When the information is calculated, the disclosure does not limit the way in which the priority is calculated. Thereafter, after the base station 910 obtains the priority list among the unlicensed frequency bands, the radio resources having higher priority than the base station 920 can be preferentially used according to the priority list. In addition, base station 910 can also reserve radio resources to base station 920 in an unlicensed frequency band in accordance with priority. It should be noted that the base station 910 can reserve radio resources to the base station 920 by exchanging messages or other actions, and the disclosure does not limit this.
舉例而言,圖12是依據本揭露之一實施例繪示的基地台共用非授權頻段的示意圖。請參照圖12,非授權頻段1200包括兩個小型細胞基地台,基地台1210、1220。基地台1210屬於第一營運商A,而基地台1220屬於第二營運商B。基地台1210與1220之間不存在回程網路。此時,基地台1210正在使用非授權頻段內之通道,而基地台1220為新加入的基地台,並且基地台1220欲使用與基地台1210相同之非授權頻段內之通道。基地台1220接收並解碼基地台1210之有關於預約無線資源的訊號1211之後,於子訊框SF#3傳送訊號1221,以預約與基地台1210相同之非授權頻段內之通道。基地台1210在接收到基地台1220之訊號1221後,解碼並計算優先權,以排序最新的優先權名單1212。如此,基地台1210便依據最新的優先權名單1212優先使用相較於基地 台1220的優先權名單1222具有較高之優先權的無線資源,並同時可依據優先權向基地台1220預約無線資源。 For example, FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a base station sharing an unlicensed frequency band according to an embodiment of the disclosure. Referring to FIG. 12, the unlicensed frequency band 1200 includes two small cell base stations, base stations 1210 and 1220. The base station 1210 belongs to the first operator A, and the base station 1220 belongs to the second operator B. There is no backhaul network between base stations 1210 and 1220. At this time, the base station 1210 is using the channel in the unlicensed band, and the base station 1220 is the newly added base station, and the base station 1220 wants to use the same channel in the unlicensed band as the base station 1210. After receiving and decoding the signal 1211 of the base station 1210 regarding the reserved radio resource, the base station 1220 transmits the signal 1221 in the subframe SF#3 to reserve the same channel in the unlicensed frequency band as the base station 1210. After receiving the signal 1221 of the base station 1220, the base station 1210 decodes and calculates the priority to sort the latest priority list 1212. In this way, the base station 1210 will be used preferentially according to the latest priority list 1212. The priority list 1222 of the station 1220 has a higher priority radio resource, and at the same time, can reserve radio resources to the base station 1220 according to the priority.
需說明的是,由於本實施例的優先權名單1212、1222的優先順序是由小排到大,故排序越小的編號,所對應之基地台具有越高之優先權,但本揭露並不限於此。請繼續參照圖12,由於基地台1220的優先權名單1222在子訊框SF#5、SF#6、SF#7、SF#8的優先權排序較基地台1210的優先權名單1212小,故基地台1220對於子訊框SF#5、SF#6、SF#7、SF#8相較於基地台1210具有較高之優先權,促使基地台1210先讓基地台1220使用在非授權頻段內子訊框SF#5、SF#6、SF#7、SF#8的無線資源,或另外使用波束成型(beamforming)或其他電源控制等方式來使用此無線資源,本揭露亦未對此有所限制。 It should be noted that, since the priority order of the priority list 1212 and 1222 of the present embodiment is from small to large, the smaller the number is, the corresponding base station has higher priority, but the disclosure is not Limited to this. Referring to FIG. 12, since the priority list 1222 of the base station 1220 is smaller in priority order of the subframes SF#5, SF#6, SF#7, and SF#8 than the priority list 1212 of the base station 1210, The base station 1220 has a higher priority for the subframes SF#5, SF#6, SF#7, and SF#8 than the base station 1210, prompting the base station 1210 to first use the base station 1220 in the unlicensed frequency band. The radio resources of the subframes SF#5, SF#6, SF#7, and SF#8, or the use of beamforming or other power control to use the radio resources, the disclosure does not limit.
除此之外,關於在非授權頻段中的隨機後退視窗(backoff window)機制,基於競爭的機制通常將依靠退避窗口來解決隨機接入過程中的競爭衝突。但在本揭露的實施例中,可依據基地台1210、1220之間的優先權名單1212、1222來取代競爭機制。因此,於本實施例中,若基地台1210相較於基地台1220具有較高優先權的無線資源(例如,子訊框SF#0、SF#1、SF#2、SF#3、SF#4),基地台1210針對具有較高優先權的無線資源使用較短的後退視窗或不使用後退視窗,而基地台1220則使用較長的後退視窗,以持續偵測基地台1210是否使用此無線資源。換句話說,若基地台1210相較於基地台1220具有較低優先權的無線資源(例如,子訊 框SF#5、SF#6、SF#7、SF#8),基地台1210針對具有較低優先權的無線資源使用較長的後退視窗,以持續偵測基地台1220是否使用此無線資源,而基地台1220則使用較短的後退視窗或不使用後退視窗,但本揭露不限於此。 In addition, with regard to the random backoff window mechanism in the unlicensed band, the contention-based mechanism will usually rely on the backoff window to resolve the contention conflict in the random access process. However, in the disclosed embodiment, the contention mechanism may be replaced by the priority list 1212, 1222 between the base stations 1210, 1220. Therefore, in this embodiment, if the base station 1210 has a higher priority radio resource than the base station 1220 (for example, the subframes SF#0, SF#1, SF#2, SF#3, SF#) 4), the base station 1210 uses a shorter back window for the higher priority wireless resources or does not use the back window, and the base station 1220 uses a longer back window to continuously detect whether the base station 1210 uses the wireless. Resources. In other words, if the base station 1210 has lower priority radio resources than the base station 1220 (for example, the sub-information Blocks SF#5, SF#6, SF#7, SF#8), the base station 1210 uses a longer back window for the radio resources with lower priority to continuously detect whether the base station 1220 uses the radio resource. The base station 1220 uses a shorter back window or does not use a back window, but the disclosure is not limited thereto.
簡言之,本揭露實施例提出的基地台,可在非授權頻段內傳送有關於預約無線資源的訊號,使得基地台可根據此訊號取得優先權名單並預約無線資源。如此一來,使用非授權頻段的不同營運商之間的基地台可根據優先權名單使用無線資源,而無須競爭無線資源。 In short, the base station proposed in the embodiment can transmit a signal about reserved radio resources in an unlicensed frequency band, so that the base station can obtain a priority list according to the signal and reserve radio resources. In this way, base stations between different operators using unlicensed bands can use radio resources according to the priority list without competing for radio resources.
值得一提的是,附接於上述實施例之基地台910、920、1210、1220其中之一的用戶設備,於一適用於該用戶設備的通訊方法實施例中,更可接收其連線之基地台有關於預約無線資源的訊號,以依據此訊號來獲得連線之基地台對應在無線通訊系統當中的優先權,並依據優先權得知連線之基地台的已預約無線資源。當不是此連線之基地台的已預約無線資源時,用戶設備將不會從此連線之基地台接收訊息,以節省電源。除此之外,在當用戶設備接收其連線之基地台有關於預約無線資源的訊號時,用戶設備還可依據該訊號計算並傳送含有至少一個臨近基地台的優先權列表的訊號給連線之基地台。 It is to be noted that the user equipment attached to one of the base stations 910, 920, 1210, and 1220 of the foregoing embodiment can receive the connection in an embodiment of the communication method applicable to the user equipment. The base station has a signal for reservation of the wireless resource, in order to obtain the priority of the connected base station corresponding to the wireless communication system according to the signal, and to know the reserved wireless resource of the connected base station according to the priority. When the reserved radio resource is not the base station of the connection, the user equipment will not receive a message from the connected base station to save power. In addition, when the base station of the user equipment receives the connection, the user equipment may calculate and transmit a signal containing at least one priority list of the adjacent base station according to the signal to the connection. Base station.
綜上所述,本揭露實施例提出的基地台及其通訊方法,基地台可透過第一無線通訊協定採用的授權頻段和第二無線通訊協定所採用的非授權頻段來收發無線訊號,並採用第二無線通訊 協定的虛擬載波感測或動態頻率選擇等合作機制,避免第二無線通訊協定的裝置使用相同的通道。此外,不同營運商之間的基地台還可透過傳送有關於預約無線資源的訊號,以根據此訊號取得優先權名單並預約無線資源。如此一來,基地台不僅可選擇性地或同時地使用授權頻段以及非授權頻段,使用非授權頻段的不同營運商之間的基地台更可根據優先權名單使用無線資源,而無須競爭無線資源。除此之外,本揭露的用戶設備更可依據連線之基地台有關於預約無線資源的訊號,以決定是否接收訊息,進而達到節省電源的效果。 In summary, in the base station and the communication method thereof, the base station can transmit and receive wireless signals through the licensed frequency band used in the first wireless communication protocol and the unlicensed frequency band used in the second wireless communication protocol. Second wireless communication Cooperative mechanisms such as virtual carrier sensing or dynamic frequency selection of the protocol prevent the devices of the second wireless protocol from using the same channel. In addition, the base station between different operators can also obtain a priority list and reserve radio resources according to the signal by transmitting a signal about the reserved radio resource. In this way, the base station can not only selectively or simultaneously use the licensed frequency band and the unlicensed frequency band, but the base station between different operators using the unlicensed frequency band can use the wireless resource according to the priority list without competing for the wireless resource. . In addition, the user equipment of the present disclosure can further determine whether to receive a message according to a signal that the connected base station has a reservation for the wireless resource, thereby achieving the effect of saving power.
雖然本揭露已以實施例揭露如上,然其並非用以限定本揭露,任何所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者,在不脫離本揭露的精神和範圍內,當可作些許的更動與潤飾,故本揭露的保護範圍當視後附的申請專利範圍所界定者為準。 The present disclosure has been disclosed in the above embodiments, but it is not intended to limit the disclosure, and any person skilled in the art can make some changes and refinements without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure. The scope of protection of this disclosure is subject to the definition of the scope of the appended claims.
S810、S820、S830、S840‧‧‧步驟 S810, S820, S830, S840‧‧‧ steps
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