TWI543607B - Display module - Google Patents

Description

Display module

The invention relates to a display module, which is applied to the field of optoelectronic technology, in particular to an incident light intensity of each region entering a photosensitive element by adjusting a liquid crystal light valve.

Today's electronic products provide photographic and photographic technology that is becoming more and more excellent. From the previous method of film imaging to digital imaging, the need to pay extra for filming in the past has to be extra care to avoid wasting film limitations, plus cameras, Cameras and even the most popular mobile phones today combine photography and photography... and there is a trend in photography and photography for everyone today. The digital camera and photography functions mainly replace the traditional negative film with photosensitive elements. At present, the photosensitive element is classified into a CCD (Photosensitive Coupling Element) or a CMOS (Complementary Oxidized Metal Semiconductor), and the photosensitive element is mainly used to record changes in light.

During the process of photographing and photographing, the ambient light source enters the photosensitive element. When the local ambient light source or the overall ambient light source is excessive, the photosensitive element may exhibit partial saturation or overall supersaturation due to excessive intensity of ambient light, and the photosensitive element Images that are oversaturated cannot be converted and displayed correctly (presenting a full white image). In order to improve the aforementioned deficiency, the conventional technique adjusts the brightness of an image by ACG (auto gain control) or software correction.

Although the prior art can improve ambient light by means of ACG and software correction The problem that the image cannot be correctly converted due to the source being too bright. However, the conventional image correction method can only adjust the overall brightness of the image. In other words, if only the partial image is too bright or too dark, the conventional technique is difficult to solve the problem of partial over-brightness and excessive darkness.

In view of the above-mentioned lack of the prior art, the inventors invested a lot of time to carry out related research, and compared various advantages and disadvantages, and carried out research and development of related products, and after many experiments and tests, finally introduced an improvement to the above description. The missing "display module" to meet the needs of the industry.

The main object of the present invention is to use a liquid crystal light valve to adjust the sensing efficiency of the photosensitive element, and to correct the shortcoming of the photosensitive element because the incident light intensity is too strong or too weak, and the conventional technique cannot clearly display the image.

In order to achieve the above object and effect, the present invention "display module" includes: a pixelated liquid crystal light valve; a photosensitive element, the pixelated liquid crystal light valve is attached to the photosensitive element; an electronic control device, the electrical connection a pixelated liquid crystal light valve, the electronic control device is provided with a bias range, the bias range includes an initial bias value, wherein the electronic control device is initially set at an initial bias value, so that the pixelated liquid crystal light valve is half Transparent, by setting the electronic control device to a bias value to adjust the transparency of the pixelated liquid crystal light valve, wherein the bias value is within the bias range.

A further technical feature of the present invention is that the pixelated liquid crystal light valve comprises a plurality of liquid crystal pixels, and the photosensitive element comprises a plurality of photosensitive pixels, and each of the photosensitive pixels comprises a plurality of sub-pixels, each liquid crystal pixel corresponds to one or more photosensitive pixels, and one liquid crystal pixel The incident light intensity of one or more photosensitive pixels can be adjusted.

A further technical feature of the present invention is that the electronic control device further includes a driving circuit electrically connected to the pixelated liquid crystal light valve to regulate the voltage of any one or more liquid crystal pixels.

According to a further feature of the present invention, the pixelated liquid crystal light valve includes an upper substrate, a lower substrate, and a liquid crystal layer. The liquid crystal layer is disposed between the upper and lower substrates, and the electronic control device is electrically connected to the upper substrate and the lower substrate. The photosensitive element is attached to the lower substrate, and the electronic control device is activated to generate a longitudinal electric field to the pixelated liquid crystal light valve.

A further technical feature of the present invention is that the pixelated liquid crystal light valve includes an upper substrate and a liquid crystal layer, and the liquid crystal layer is disposed between the upper substrate and the photosensitive element, and the electronic control device is electrically connected to the upper substrate to start electronic control. The device generates a transverse electric field, further comprising at least one polarizer disposed on the photosensitive element corresponding to the incident light.

A further technical feature of the present invention is that the pixelated liquid crystal light valve switches between a bright state and a dark state as an applied electric field changes.

1‧‧‧Pixelated liquid crystal light valve

11‧‧‧Upper substrate

12‧‧‧ Lower substrate

13‧‧‧Liquid layer

131‧‧‧liquid crystal molecules

2‧‧‧Photosensitive elements

21‧‧‧Photosensitive pixels

3‧‧‧Electric control device

31‧‧‧Drive circuit

4‧‧‧Polarizer

10‧‧‧Pixelated liquid crystal light valve

101‧‧‧Upper substrate

102‧‧‧Liquid layer

103‧‧‧liquid crystal molecules

104‧‧‧electrode

The first figure is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention which does not provide a state in which the vertical electric field is at the lowest intensity.

The second figure is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the vertical electric field in the highest light intensity state.

The third figure is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention that does not provide a state in which the transverse electric field is at the lowest light intensity.

The fourth figure is a schematic cross-sectional view showing that the transverse electric field is in the highest light intensity state.

The fifth graph is a graph of voltage and transparency of the present invention.

The sixth and seventh figures are different biases to make the pixelated liquid crystal light valve exhibit different transparency. Figure.

The eighth figure is a block diagram of the electronic control device, the pixelated liquid crystal light valve and the photosensitive element of the present invention.

In order to achieve the above objects and effects, and the technical means and configurations employed, the features and effects of the embodiments of the present invention are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to FIG. 4 to FIG. 4 and FIG. 8 , a “display module” of the present invention includes a pixelated liquid crystal light valve 1 , which can be phase modulated and penetrated. , a reflective or scattering type; a photosensitive element 2, the photosensitive element 2 is a CCD (photosensitive coupling element) or CMOS (complementary oxidized metal semiconductor), the pixelated liquid crystal light valve 1 is attached to the photosensitive element 2; The device 3 is electrically connected to the pixelated liquid crystal light valve 1. The electronic control device 3 is provided with a bias range, the bias range includes an initial bias value, wherein the electronic control device 3 is initially set to an initial bias value. The pixelated liquid crystal light valve 1 is translucent, and the transmittance of the pixelated liquid crystal light valve 1 is adjusted by setting the electronic control device 3 to a bias value, wherein the bias value is in a bias range. Internal (the initial bias value and the bias value are adjusted according to different requirements, so it is not limited here).

Accordingly, referring to the first figure, generally, the electronic control device 3 is in a closed state, and no voltage is supplied, so that the pixelated liquid crystal light valve 1 is in a scattering state. When the present invention is in an initial state, the startup electronic control device 3 is set to The initial bias value causes the pixelated liquid crystal light valve 1 to be translucent, and the electronic control device 3 sets a bias voltage to generate a voltage according to the intensity of the incident light on each region of the pixelated liquid crystal light valve 1, thereby making the incident light The intensity of each region enters the photosensitive element 2 to an appropriate state to improve the occurrence of excessive or excessive brightness of the image due to incident light intensity.

The invention can be applied to the photosensitive element 2 on an electronic product, such as a mobile phone, a camera, a camera, a driving recorder, etc., to prevent the photosensitive element 2 from being too bright or too dark due to partial or overall ambient light source, resulting in partial or overall incident light intensity. Suitably, the photosensitive element 2 is partially or wholly saturated or intensified, whereby the present invention utilizes the pixelated liquid crystal light valve 1 to provide appropriate bias adjustment by the electronic control unit 3 as needed before the light enters the photosensitive element 2. The transparency of the liquid crystal light valve 1 is partially or entirely pixilated so that the incident light intensity is appropriately incident on the photosensitive element 2, and a highly recognizable picture is presented.

Please refer to the fifth figure for the sixth and seventh figures. The horizontal axis of the fifth figure is the applied voltage (V) and the vertical axis is the transmissivity (Transmittance (%)). The figure shows the adjustment of each voltage. The pixelated liquid crystal light valve 1 can be made to have different transparency, and the black square in the fifth figure represents that the transmittance of the liquid crystal light valve starts to be a scattering state (ie, the transmittance from the dark state to the bright state). According to the figure, as the voltage increases, the transmittance of the liquid crystal light valve (the dark state switches to the bright state) increases accordingly; in addition, the diagonal frame in the fifth figure represents the penetration of the liquid crystal light valve. Starting from the penetrating state (ie, the degree of penetration from the self-illuminating state to the dark state), according to the figure, it is known that the visible transmittance (the bright state switches to the dark state) decreases as the applied voltage decreases. Therefore, from the fifth figure, it can be seen that the switching of the voltage is feasible whether the high-transmission state is switched to the scattering state, or the scattering state is switched to the transmissive state, and the difference in the transmittance is almost negligible. Referring to the sixth figure, It adjusts the bias voltage to 0V (volts), so the pixelated liquid crystal light valve 1 is opaque, and as shown in the seventh figure, it adjusts the bias voltage to 18V (volts), which makes the pixelated liquid crystal light valve 1 is transparent, so the background (light body) can penetrate the pixelated liquid crystal light valve 1 to see the image. The data of the sixth and seventh figures of the present invention are for illustrative purposes only, but the bias value is not limited.

In addition, the pixelated liquid crystal light valve 1 of the present invention can select the pixelated liquid crystal light valve 1 which has the advantages of high contrast, fast reaction time, and the like according to requirements.

The foregoing is the main technical feature of the main embodiment of the present invention, which corresponds to the present case. The object of the first aspect of the patent application is to be able to understand the object and the embodiment of the present invention, and the technical features described in the remaining scope of the patent application are detailed or additional technical features of the first item of the patent application scope. Rather than limiting the scope of the first paragraph of the scope of the patent application, it should be understood that the first item of the patent application scope of the present application does not necessarily include the technical features described in the scope of the remaining sub-claims.

In addition, the pixelated liquid crystal light valve 1 includes a plurality of liquid crystal pixels, and the photosensitive element 2 includes a plurality of photosensitive pixels, and each of the photosensitive pixels includes a plurality of sub-pixels, each liquid crystal pixel corresponds to one or more photosensitive pixels, and one liquid crystal pixel can be adjusted by one Or the incident light intensity of the plurality of photosensitive pixels, the photosensitive pixel area of the photosensitive element 2 is less than 100 micrometers square (10 μm x 10 μm), and the pixel area of the pixelated liquid crystal light valve 1 is 50 μm x 50 μm, that is, one liquid crystal pixel adjusts 25 photosensitive pixels. Brightness (the present invention is not limited to the pixel size of the pixelated liquid crystal light valve 1 and the CMOS/CCD), whereby the present invention is not only applied to the regional brightness adjustment, but also can separately adjust the brightness of each photosensitive pixel to Achieve complete light modulation applications.

Referring to FIG. 8 , the electronic control device 3 further includes a driving circuit 31 electrically connected to the pixelated liquid crystal light valve 1 to regulate the voltage of any one or more liquid crystal pixels. The voltage value of each liquid crystal pixel is controlled by the drive circuit 31 to adjust the partial transparency of the pixelated liquid crystal light valve 1.

Referring to the first and second figures, the pixelated liquid crystal light valve 1 includes an upper substrate 11, a lower substrate 12, and a liquid crystal layer 13. The liquid crystal layer 13 is disposed between the upper and lower substrates 11, 12. The control device 3 is electrically connected to the upper substrate 11 and the lower substrate 12, and the photosensitive element 2 is attached to the lower substrate 12, and the electronic control device 3 is activated to generate a longitudinal electric field to the pixelated liquid crystal light valve 1; the liquid crystal layer 13 has a plurality of The liquid crystal molecule 131 exhibits a scattering state due to a mismatch between the effective refractive index (the extraordinary refractive index n _e and the ordinary refractive index n _o ) of the liquid crystal molecule 131 and the refractive index of the polymer refractive index (n _p ) without an applied electric field. As shown in the first figure, the intensity of the incident light can be reduced. If the vertical electric field is generated by the electronic control device 3, the transparency of the pixelated liquid crystal light valve 1 can be adjusted, when the liquid crystal molecules 131 (Δε>0, and n _o ~n is selected. _p) when the electric field is completely straightened, due to the refractive index in the incident light valve worn materials through a liquid crystal pixel that matches the (n _o and _n-p), it exhibits the highest penetration state.

As shown in the third and fourth figures, the pixelated liquid crystal light valve 10 includes an upper substrate 101 and a liquid crystal layer 102, and the liquid crystal layer 13 is disposed between the upper substrate 101 and the photosensitive element 2, and the electronic control device 3 Electrically connected to the upper substrate 101, the electronic control device 3 is activated to generate a transverse electric field, further comprising at least one polarizing plate 4 disposed on the photosensitive element 2 corresponding to incident light, wherein the liquid crystal layer 102 has a plurality of liquid crystal molecules 103 (wherein the upper substrate 101 is provided with a plurality of electrodes 104). The upper substrate of the photosensitive element 2 (which is not shown in the prior art) is used as the lower substrate of the pixelated liquid crystal light valve 10, and the upper substrate 101 is an ITO substrate on which the IPS electrode is etched. Since the present invention utilizes the characteristics of scattering by a polymer-dispersed liquid crystal light valve, it must be used in conjunction with a polarizing plate when applied to a transverse electric field. Referring to the third figure, the electronic control device 3 is not turned on to a zero voltage state, so that the pixelated liquid crystal light valve 10 exhibits the lowest light intensity state. In addition, please refer to the fourth figure, which is to turn on the electronic control device 3 to provide a bias voltage, so that the pixelated liquid crystal light valve 10 exhibits the highest light intensity state. The polarizer 4 is selected to be equal to the liquid crystal or polymer in the pixelated liquid crystal light valve 10 in accordance with the extraordinary refractive index (n _e ) and the polymer refractive index (n _p ).

In addition to the method of adjusting the magnitude of the applied voltage and adjusting the gray scale, the pixelated liquid crystal light valve 1 switches between a bright state and a dark state according to an applied electric field, and can also be achieved by utilizing the rapid reaction characteristics of the liquid crystal. Gray scale adjustment, so the invention can also be used in the design of the circuit to adjust the frequency of the applied electric field and the waveform to achieve gray The regulation of the order.

The above is only a preferred embodiment for explaining the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention in any way, so that any modifications relating to the present invention are made in the spirit of the same invention. And the changer, other types that can be implemented and have the same effect, should still be included in the scope of the intention of the present invention.

In summary, the "display module" of the present invention is practically and cost-effectively and fully meets the needs of industrial development, and the disclosed structural invention is also an unprecedented innovative structure, so it has "newness" Sexuality should be undoubtedly considered, and the invention can be more effective than the conventional structure, and therefore has "progressiveness", which fully complies with the requirements of the application requirements of the invention patents of the Chinese Patent Law, and is a patent application according to law. Please check with the bureau for an early review and give it affirmation.

1‧‧‧Pixelated liquid crystal light valve

11‧‧‧Upper substrate

12‧‧‧ Lower substrate

13‧‧‧Liquid layer

131‧‧‧liquid crystal molecules

2‧‧‧Photosensitive elements

3‧‧‧Electric control device

Claims (6)

A display module comprising: a pixelated liquid crystal light valve; a photosensitive element, the pixelated liquid crystal light valve is attached to the photosensitive element; and an electronic control device electrically connected to the pixelated liquid crystal light valve, the electronic control device A bias range is provided, the bias range includes an initial bias value, wherein the electronic control device is initially set to an initial bias value, so that the pixelated liquid crystal light valve is translucent, by setting the electronic control device to A bias value is used to adjust the transparency of the pixelated liquid crystal light valve, wherein the bias value is within a bias range. The display module of claim 1, wherein the pixelated liquid crystal light valve comprises a plurality of liquid crystal pixels, and the photosensitive element comprises a plurality of photosensitive pixels, and each of the photosensitive pixels comprises a plurality of sub-pixels, each liquid crystal pixel corresponding to one or A plurality of photosensitive pixels, and one liquid crystal pixel can adjust the incident light intensity of one or more photosensitive pixels. According to the display module of claim 2, the electronic control device further includes a driving circuit electrically connected to the pixelated liquid crystal light valve to regulate the voltage of any one or more liquid crystal pixels. The display module of the first aspect of the invention, wherein the pixelated liquid crystal light valve comprises an upper substrate, a lower substrate and a liquid crystal layer, the liquid crystal layer being disposed between the upper and lower substrates, the electronic control device The upper substrate and the lower substrate are electrically connected, and the photosensitive element is attached to the lower substrate, and the electronic control device is activated to generate a longitudinal electric field to the pixelated liquid crystal light valve. The display module of claim 1, wherein the pixelated liquid crystal light valve comprises an upper substrate and a liquid crystal layer, and the liquid crystal layer is disposed on the upper substrate and Between the optical components, the electronic control device is electrically connected to the upper substrate, and the electronic control device is activated to generate a transverse electric field, and further includes at least one polarizing plate disposed on the photosensitive element corresponding to the incident light. The display module according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the pixelated liquid crystal light valve switches between a bright state and a dark state as an applied electric field changes.