TWI539987B - Continuous oil removal device - Google Patents

Continuous oil removal device Download PDF

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Publication number
TWI539987B
TWI539987B TW103108140A TW103108140A TWI539987B TW I539987 B TWI539987 B TW I539987B TW 103108140 A TW103108140 A TW 103108140A TW 103108140 A TW103108140 A TW 103108140A TW I539987 B TWI539987 B TW I539987B
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Taiwan
Prior art keywords
filter unit
oil
suction
unit
continuous oil
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TW103108140A
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English (en)
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TW201534380A (zh
Inventor
Zhi-Feng Wang
sheng-zhi Lin
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Univ Ishou
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Description

連續油汙移除裝置
本發明是有關於一種移除裝置,特別是指一種連續油汙移除裝置。
近年來由於人類對於石化工業需求的增加,因此油井的鑽探開採與油料運輸也隨之上升,然而油汙在開採或運輸的過程中若不慎洩漏到海中便會造成水汙染,並嚴重影響海洋生態。由於外洩的油汙是漂浮於水上,因此需要特殊的處理方式以將油汙自水中分離並移除。
目前處理油汙洩漏的主要方法有:就地燃燒、佈放攔油索(oil containment booms)、使用水面浮油收集設備(oil skimmers),及使用油汙吸附材料吸取油汙等方式。目前常用於處理油汙外洩的吸油材料有:沸石(zeolites)、木棉(kapok)、活性碳(activated carbon)、二氧化矽(silicas)、親油性黏土(organophilic clays)以及人工合成高分子(synthetic polymer),然而這些材料吸收速率較慢、重複使用性低,且對於有機溶劑的選擇性低。此外,一般的吸油材料在每次吸附油汙後,皆需以擠壓釋出、燃燒或以溶劑清洗等方式處理油汙,造成無法連續使用、移除效率低、空氣汙染,及成本提高等問題。
因此,本發明之目的,即在提供一種能連續地移除油汙的移除裝置。
於是,本發明連續油汙移除裝置,用於連續地移除漂浮於水面之油汙,該移除裝置包含一用以提供吸引力之吸引單元,及一設置於該吸引單元上的濾嘴單元,該濾嘴單元為一具高疏水性及高親油性的多孔性材質。
本發明之功效在於:藉由該濾嘴單元將油汙從水中篩濾出並吸收,接著由該吸引單元將油汙由該濾嘴單元中移出並收集,由於該濾嘴單元在吸附油汙後便被該吸引單元將油汙自該濾嘴單元中吸出,因此在移除過程中不需時常更換濾嘴單元,並可連續地進行移除作業,提高使用效率且減少額外的汙染及成本。
1‧‧‧吸引單元
11‧‧‧真空吸引器
12‧‧‧吸取管
2‧‧‧濾嘴單元
A‧‧‧油汙
B‧‧‧水
C‧‧‧空氣
本發明之其他的特徵及功效,將於參照圖式的實施方式中清楚地呈現,其中:圖1是一側視分解圖,說明本發明連續油汙移除裝置之一較佳實施例;及圖2(a)至圖2(c)是皆是示意圖,說明本較佳實施例的油汙移除過程。
參閱圖1,為本發明連續油汙移除裝置之一較佳實施例,用於連續地移除漂浮於水面之油汙,該移除裝置 包含一提供真空吸引力的吸引單元1,及一個設置於該吸引單元1上的濾嘴單元2。該吸引單元1包括一真空吸引器11,及一由該真空吸引器11向外延伸的吸取管12。該濾嘴單元2是設置於該吸取管12末端。
在本較佳實施例中,該濾嘴單元2是經一浸鍍方法製成,其過程為:將200毫克的聚二甲基矽氧烷(PDMS)溶解於200毫克的乙酸乙酯(EtOAc)溶劑中,並再加入200毫克的奈米碳管後進行20分鐘的超音波分散處理,之後再加入20毫克的固化劑至該懸浮液中。接著將一聚胺脂(Polyurethane,PU)海綿以一浸鍍機(Super Solutions & Services公司製造)於該懸浮液中進行浸鍍,並經由反覆的浸鍍及乾燥流程以控制該奈米碳管及聚二甲基矽氧烷之奈米複合材料在該海綿上的浸鍍量,最後將鍍上該奈米複合材料的改質海綿送入烘爐中以攝氏120度的溫度升溫6小時後可製得該濾嘴單元2。
該濾嘴單元2具有海綿本身的微米級結構與奈米碳管及聚二甲基矽氧烷之奈米級結構,為一具高疏水性及高親油性的多孔性材質,利用FDSA MagicDroplet-100型號的接觸角測定儀以5微升的水滴測得該濾嘴單元2的接觸角為162度,且滾動角小於5度。故油滴在接觸該濾嘴單元2之表面時會被快速地吸收,而水滴則無法滲入,快速地達到油水分離及有機溶劑選擇性吸收的良好功效。
參閱圖1及圖2,為本較佳實施例的油汙移除過程,先將位於該吸取管12末端之濾嘴單元2如圖2(a)所示 地伸置於油汙A及水B之間,由於該濾嘴單元2具高親油性及高疏水性,故油汙A會如圖2(b)所示快速地被該濾嘴單元2吸收,而水B會被擋阻於該濾嘴單元2之外,接著開啟該真空吸引器11,使油汙A從該濾嘴單元2中吸出,並經由該吸取管12輸送至該真空吸引器11內收集。由於油汙A已從該濾嘴單元2中吸出,故該濾嘴單元2可再次吸附位於水B上方的油汙A,並重複前述步驟以達到連續移除油汙A之功效。當油汙A如圖(c)所示地移除完畢時,由於該濾嘴單元2具高疏水性,故空氣C相對於水B較容易進入該濾嘴單元2當中,並進一步擋阻水B滲入。
綜上所述,藉由該濾嘴單元2可快速地吸收油汙及隔離水分,並透過該真空吸引器11將油汙自該濾嘴單元2中移除收集,達到連續地移除油汙之功效,並提升使用效率及重複使用性,故確實能達成本發明之目的。
惟以上所述者,僅為本發明之較佳實施例而已,當不能以此限定本發明實施之範圍,即大凡依本發明申請專利範圍及專利說明書內容所作之簡單的等效變化與修飾,皆仍屬本發明專利涵蓋之範圍內。
1‧‧‧吸引單元
11‧‧‧真空吸引器
12‧‧‧吸取管
2‧‧‧濾嘴單元

Claims (5)

  1. 一種連續油汙移除裝置,用於連續地移除漂浮於水面之油汙,該移除裝置包含:一吸引單元,用以提供吸引力;及一濾嘴單元,設置於該吸引單元上且為一具高疏水性及高親油性的多孔性材質。
  2. 如請求項1所述的連續油汙移除裝置,其中,該濾嘴單元的水接觸角為大於100度。
  3. 如請求項1所述的連續油汙移除裝置,其中,該濾嘴單元的材質為一聚胺脂(Polyurethane,PU)海綿。
  4. 如請求項2所述的連續油汙移除裝置,其中,該濾嘴單元的材質為一聚胺脂(Polyurethane,PU)海綿。
  5. 如請求項1至4任一項所述的連續油汙移除裝置,其中,該吸引單元包括一提供真空吸引力的真空吸引器,及一由該真空吸引器向外延伸的吸取管,該濾嘴單元是設置於該吸取管末端。
TW103108140A 2014-03-10 2014-03-10 Continuous oil removal device TWI539987B (zh)

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CN108217835A (zh) * 2018-01-31 2018-06-29 金碳环境科技(天津)有限公司 一种含油污水真空集油系统
TWI748362B (zh) * 2020-03-06 2021-12-01 東方學校財團法人東方設計大學 複合吸油棉

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