TWI530730B - Multi-layer liquid crystal lenslet array with improved alignment - Google Patents

Description

Multilayer liquid crystal microlens array with improved alignment [Related application]

This application is related to U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 61/746,282, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.

The present invention is directed to a multilayer liquid crystal microlens array having improved alignment.

The present invention provides a device comprising: a first microlens array; and a second microlens array; wherein: the first microlens array and the second microlens array are formed on a predetermined microlens substrate An opposite substantially flat surface or inner; the first microlens array and the second microlens array are substantially parallel; Each individual microlens system from the first microlens array is substantially optically aligned with a corresponding individual micromirror from the second microlens array; the first microlens array is arranged to a substantially flat first cover substrate adjacent and substantially parallel thereto; the second microlens array being disposed adjacent to and substantially parallel to a substantially planar second cover substrate; a first liquid crystal A pocket is formed between the first microlens array and the first cover substrate; and a second liquid crystal pocket is formed between the second microlens array and the second cover substrate.

5‧‧‧Substrate

13‧‧‧Outer dome

15‧‧‧ Covering substrate

20‧‧‧ space

12‧‧‧ concave pocket

30‧‧‧Substrate

25‧‧‧ lens

35‧‧‧Substrate

40‧‧‧External substrate

50‧‧‧External substrate

45‧‧‧ Space

10‧‧‧ concave or convex lens

A wide variety of potential, feasible, and/or useful embodiments will be described by way of non-limiting, non-depleted, exemplary embodiments of the exemplary illustrations provided with reference herein. 1 is a top view of an exemplary embodiment of a lens; FIG. 2 is an exemplary cross-sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 1; and FIG. 3 is an exemplary cross-section taken at section AA. Figure 4 is a top plan view of an exemplary embodiment of a microlens array; Figure 5 is an exemplary cross-sectional view taken along section B-B of Figure 4 .

Description

An exemplary manner of making an exemplary liquid crystal lens is to form a concave pocket or a convex dome in a substrate, place a flat substrate next to it, and then fill it with a liquid. The gap between the two substrates. An electric field is applied to the liquid crystal to cause a change in the refractive index of the liquid crystal, which potentially causes the concave pocket or convex dome to function as an adjustable lens.

1 shows a top view of an exemplary lens having a substrate 5 having a concave lens or convex lens 10 formed therein.

Figure 2 shows a cross-sectional view taken along section AA of Figure 1, the substrate 5 having a convex dome 13 formed therein, and a cover substrate 15 placed on the substrate 5 to provide a volume of space. 20 is formed and the space is filled with liquid crystal.

3 shows another view along the section AA of FIG. 1. The substrate 5 has a concave pocket 12 formed therein, and a cover substrate 15 is disposed on the substrate 5 such that a volume of space 20 is formed. The space is filled with liquid.

In order to construct such an exemplary liquid crystal lens, those skilled in the art are aware of materials and coatings that can be used, liquid crystals that can be used, and the electric field that can be applied and how to apply them. When an electric field is applied to the liquid At the time of the crystal, the refractive index can change and change the optical power of the lenses formed by the dome or pocket.

In some instances, it may be desirable to use more than one lens along a plane to form an array called a liquid crystal microlens. This microlens array can be useful in applications such as multi-image formation, wavefront sensing, depth and/or distance measurement, beam analysis, and the like. One or more microlenses of a microlens array, and/or an entire microlens array may be a Fresnel lens, a photo lens and/or an electroactive lens, an adjustable lens, an adjustable The lens, and/or an adjustable lens acts like a lens.

4 shows a layout of an exemplary microlens array having a substrate 30 having a plurality of lenses 25 patterned into the substrate. Figure 4 shows 36 microlenses, but microlens arrays with as few as two microlenses, as many as thousands of microlenses, and any number of microlenses between them are also common.

In some examples, it is desirable to have two microlens arrays stacked one on another. This can be done, for example, to increase optical power and/or to allow the use of nematic liquid crystals, one layer focusing one polar light (ie, normal) and the other focusing another polarization (ie, anomalous ),the benefits of. When a microlens array having a large diameter is used, for example 1 mm or more, the alignment between the two layers can be achieved with a relatively large tolerance tolerance.

However, as the microlenses become smaller, the alignment accuracy requirements become higher, and/or manufacturing and/or assembly techniques become more difficult. For example, for a microlens having a diameter of about 1 mm, a misalignment of about 25 microns would result in a misalignment/diameter ratio of about 0.025 to 1, which is not necessarily significant. However, if the diameter of the microlens is only 50 microns, a misalignment of about 25 microns will result in a misalignment/diameter ratio of 0.5 to 1, which will cause significant undesirable optical degradation to the system. This misalignment can be due to physical misalignment caused by inaccurate placement of the two sets of microlens arrays during assembly, or simply because of the incorrect shrinkage of the components when molded with plastic. quasi. Furthermore, when stacking microlens arrays, the distance between the two microlens arrays can have a negative impact on the optical performance of the system. If the distance is too large, the beam focused by the first microlens will be reduced or enlarged to a different diameter as it proceeds downward from the first microlens, which may overfill the next microlens ( Over filling) or under filling. Overfilling can cause unwanted stray light, and insufficient filling can change the electrical power performance of the second microlens to an undesired state as the optical power of the first microlens is changed. The situation you want.

What is needed in the industry is a way to stack microlens arrays with greater precision and with a smaller distance between the first and second microlens planes.

An exemplary solution would be to change the configuration of the assembly so that the two microlens arrays are combined in a single substrate with a microlens array on one side of the substrate instead of two separate microlens arrays in two a separate substrate and will have a common lens array on each side of the microlens array The micromirror array substrate is placed between two outer substrates. Figure 5 shows a cross-sectional view taken along section B-B of Figure 4. The substrate 35 can be formed from a single sheet having microlenses on both sides. The outer substrate 40 and the outer substrate 50 may be placed on the microlens array substrate 35 such that a volume of space (pouch) 45, 46 is formed, and liquid crystal may be disposed in the volume of the space. By using this configuration, the alignment accuracy of the two faces of the microlens array with a two layer can be maintained more accurately than the alignment accuracy of the two separate layers assembled in an additional step. Be high. The distance between the two microlens arrays 55, 56 can be reduced because a single substrate 35 is used without the need to combine the two substrates. For example, if the mechanical properties of the material must have a minimum thickness of about 100 microns to meet manufacturing and assembly processing requirements, then the two separate microlens arrays will have a distance of about 200 microns between them, while a single The common substrate allows the distance between them to be only about 100 microns. Figure 5 shows a convex microlens, but other microlens shapes and combinations can also be used.

By forming two microlens arrays on a single material layer, the alignment of each microlens on the opposite side of the material layer can be aligned with each other in a nearly perfect alignment, even in the microlens The same applies to changes in shrinkage during molding and/or manufacturing. For parts molded in different shots using the same molding machine, a 2% change in size between shot and shot is common. Assuming a 10 mm square microlens array with each microlens spaced 50 microns apart (center-to-center distance), there is a 200 microlens in a row. A ±1% change in total size will result in 200 microlenses per column The microlens array has a length of 10.1 mm and the other array has a total length of 9.9 mm. If the two exemplary components are assembled with the central microlenses aligned with each other, the microlenses will misalign each other to 25 microns, or 50% of the diameter of the microlenses, which is undesirable. . Conversely, if the microlenses are molded into a single substrate and have one layer on one side of the substrate and another layer on the other side, the center position of each lenslet pair is The edges will still be 25 microns, but they will still align with each other. The error in the position of the microlens pairing is more tolerable than the misalignment of the microlens pairing, because the errors in these positions can be eliminated in the calibration of the systematic error, and the optical errors caused by misaligned microlens pairing There is currently no way to calibrate it.

After the microlens is formed, it can be coated with a conductive layer such as indium tin oxide (ITO). Positioned above the coating may be an alignment layer, which may be a Roolic-type coating that is coated by a photo-alignment method in such a manner that the upper molecular layer is aligned. Two additional substrates can be prepared in a similar manner, except that they are planar rather than having microlenses formed thereon. The microlens array substrate can be sandwiched between two planar substrates, the edges can be sealed, and the liquid crystal can be injected into a curved space where the microlens array is not in contact with the planar substrates. Formed in the cavity. An example of a liquid crystal that can be used herein is Licrystal MLC-2140 manufactured by Merk Corporation of Darnstad, Germany.

Certain exemplary embodiments may provide a liquid crystal microlens array having two layers of microlenses formed in or on a common substrate, The liquid crystal and the two faces of the microlens array are optically coupled.

Some exemplary embodiments may provide a device comprising: a first microlens array; and a second microlens array; wherein: the first microlens array and the second microlens array are formed in a predetermined An opposite substantially flat surface or inner surface of the microlens substrate; the first microlens array and the second microlens array are substantially parallel; each individual microlens system from the first microlens array and A corresponding individual micromirror of the second microlens array is substantially optically aligned; the first microlens array is disposed adjacent to and substantially parallel to a substantially planar first cover substrate The second microlens array is disposed adjacent to and substantially parallel to a substantially planar second cover substrate; a first liquid crystal pocket is formed on the first microlens array and the first Between a cover substrate; a second liquid crystal pocket formed between the second microlens array and the second cover substrate; the first microlens array comprising a convex microlens; the first microlens array a concave microlens; the second microlens array A microlens having a convex; the second microlens array comprising concave microlenses; and / or The device is electrically adjustable.

definition

The following definitions apply when the following terms are used substantially in this context. These terms and definitions are presented under prejudice without prejudice and, subject to the application, the applicant retains the application during the review period of the application or the other application claiming the priority of the application. Modify to redefine the rights to these terms. For the purpose of interpreting the claims of any patent claiming priority to this application, each definition in the patent serves as a clear and non-simultaneous alternative to the subject matter of the patent. Negative effect.

One (a) - at least one.

Aberration - one or more limitations and/or defects in an optical member that is in contact with one or more rays (for example, in a lens and/or a mirror), such as to prevent such rays from converge in a focus Limitations and/or defects, and most likely because the optical member contains one or more surfaces that are not perfectly planar, such as one or more spheres.

Across - from side to side.

Activity - an action, action, step, and/or process or part of the foregoing.

Adapted to - adapt, adapt and/or be able to implement a particular function.

Adapter - A device used to implement operational compatibility between different parts of one or more parts of a device or system Set.

Adjacent - immediate, close, next to each other, adjacent, adjacent, continuous, and/or within a horizontal radius of from about 0 mm to about 0.5 mm, including all values and subranges in between.

Align - substantially adjusts to an appropriate orientation and/or position relative to another thing.

And / or (and / or) - and ... or two.

Equipment - An appliance or device for a special purpose.

Array - a matrix.

Associate - associate, connect together, and/or associate.

Automatic - implemented by an information device in a manner that is substantially unaffected and/or controlled by the user. For example, an automatic light switch can be turned on when "seeing" a person within its "field of view" without the need for that person to manually operate the light switch.

Beam of light - The projection of light from a source.

Between (between) - within a separate spacing and / or between.

Boolean logic - A complete system for logical operations.

A border - will be positioned and/or placed adjacent to the outer edge, surface and/or extent of an object.

Boundary, bound- (noun) bounds, limits, and/or farthest extents; (verbs) limit a degree.

Bus - An electrical conductor that forms a common connection between multiple circuits.

Use and/or help by (by)-through and/or via.

Can - In at least some embodiments, can.

Cause - cause, arouse, induce, incur, induce, cause, cause, and/or result.

Change, change - (verb) causes a difference; (noun) an action, process, and/or result of a change and/or modification.

Circuit - A physical system that includes, according to its meaning, a conductive path, an information transmission mechanism, and/or a communication connection, the path, mechanism, and/or connection through a switching device (for example, a switch, a relay, a transistor, and/or a logic gate, etc.); and/or a conductive path, an information transfer mechanism, and/or a communication link, the path, mechanism, and/or connection are established Across two or more switching devices consisting of a network and between corresponding terminal systems connected to the network but not composed of the network.

Co-operate - work, act and/or act together and/or synergistically, as opposed to being separate and/or competitive.

Comprising - including but not limited to.

Concave the surface of an object, any pair of points on the surface, on a straight line segment connecting the pair of points Any point is above or outside the object.

Concave - An object with a major surface that curves inward, such as a ball or a rounded inner surface.

Concentric - has a common central axis.

Conductor - A conductive material and / or suitable for applying a voltage to an electroactive material.

Configure - makes ... suitable and / or suitable for a particular use or situation.

Connect - combine and / or tight together.

Contact - physically touch and / or get together.

Contains -includes but is not limited to.

Contiguous - adjacent and / or adjacent.

Control - (noun) is used to operate a machine's mechanical or electronic device within a predetermined limit; (verb) has an authoritative and/or dominant influence on, promotes action, guidance, in a predetermined manner, Adjust to a requirement, and / or control.

Controller - A device and/or set of machine readable instructions for implementing one or more predetermined and/or user defined tasks. A controller can comprise any one or combination of hardware, firmware, and/or software. A controller can perform such work using mechanical, pneumatic, hydraulic, electronic, magnetic, optical, informational, chemical, and/or biological principles, signals, and/or inputs. In some embodiments, a controller can manipulate, analyze, modify, convert, and transmit information to Intended to be used by an executable program and/or an information device, and/or to route the information to an output device. A controller can be a central processing unit, a local controller, a remote controller, a parallel controller, and/or a distributed controller, and the like. The controller can be a general purpose microprocessor such as the Pentium IV series of microprocessors manufactured by Intel Corporation of Santa Clara, Calif., and/or by Motorola, Inc., of Schaumburg, Ill. The HC08 series is available. In another embodiment, the controller may be an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) or field programmable gate that has been designed to implement a portion of the embodiments described herein in its hardware and/or firmware. Polar array (FPGA).

Convert, convert, transform, adapt, and/or change.

Convex - An object having a major surface that is ridged and/or outwardly curved, such as a ball or a round outer surface.

Corresponding - related, associated, concomitant, consistent in all respects, and/or in total, quantity, size, quality, and/or extent in terms of purpose and/or location. Equal and / or proportional.

Coupled - joined, joined, and/or joined in any known manner, including mechanical, fluid, acoustic, electronic, magnetic, and/or optical.

Coupleable - can be joined, connected, and/or joined together.

Coupling - combined in some way.

Cover, cover- (noun) A substantially flat object that is constructed to protect and/or hide; (verb) is placed on, placed on, and/or over.

Create - make it exist.

Data - A separate piece of information that is typically formatted and/or organized in a special or predetermined manner to convey a concept, and/or presented in a manner suitable for processing by a device.

Data structure An organization of large amounts of data that allows data to be efficiently manipulated and/or logical relationships between data elements designed to support specific data manipulation functions. A data structure can contain meta data to describe the characteristics of the data structure. Examples of data structures may include: arrays, dictionaries, charts, hashes, data piles, linked forms, matrices, objects, queues, data loops, data stacks, data trees, and/or vectors.

Define-create the outline, form, and/or structure of...

Deposit-place, place, place, set, and/or note; and/or tight, fixed, and/or fastened.

Determining - finding, obtaining, calculating, deciding, inferring, determining, and/or achieving a state of decision, typically by investigation, reasoning, and/or calculation.

Device - A collection of machines, products, and/or assemblies.

Diffraction - The bending of light as it passes through an edge formed by adjacent opaque and transparent edges.

Digital - non-analogous and / or discontinuous.

Diverge - advances or extends from a common point in different directions.

Each one is considered to be each of a separate group.

Electric - powered by electricity.

Electrically - related to electricity, generating electricity, or being operated by electricity.

Electrically coupled - coupled in a manner suitable to allow a current to flow between.

Electro-active - a branch of technology that relates to various properties of a material and the interaction between electrical states and/or electronic states and/or by applying an electric and/or magnetic field to a material. A component, device, system, and/or process that changes certain characteristics of the material to operate. Sub-branches of this technology include, but are not limited to, optoelectronics.

Electro-active element - a member that utilizes an electroactive effect, such as an electroactive filter, reflector, lens, shutter, liquid crystal phase retarder, active (ie, non-passive) polarity filter, An electroactive element that is movable by an electroactive actuator, and/or a conventional lens that can be moved by an electroactive actuator.

Electro-optic - a branch of technology that relates to the mutual (electromagnetic) and electrical (electron) states of a material. Acting and/or means, means, systems and/or processes for operating by altering certain characteristics of the material by applying an electric field to a material.

Electrode - A conductive element that emits and/or collects electrons and/or ions and/or controls the movement of electrons/ions by applying an electric field to it.

Emnate - emit, radiate, and / or illuminate.

Embodiment - an implementation, demonstration, and/or specific representation.

Estimate - (noun) a calculated value that approximates an actual value; (verb) is calculated and/or determined approximately and/or experimentally.

Exemplified - as an example, example, and/or illustration.

Etching - The surface of a material (eg, metal, glass, etc.) is worn away by chemical action (eg, the action of an acid).

Field - A spatial region defined by physical properties (such as gravity or electromagnetic force or fluid pressure), each point in the region having a determinable value.

First - the first element mentioned in a group and / or the first element in a sequence of sequences.

Flat - has a substantially planar major surface and/or has a relatively broad surface with respect to thickness and depth.

Form, form - production, manufacture, creation, production, construction, and/or shape.

Fresnel lens - A thin optical lens that contains concentric rings of segmented lenses.

From (from) - it is used to indicate the source.

Generate - create, create, cause, and/or make it exist.

Gradient - The rate of change of a variable with respect to distance.

Grid - A network of actual or conceptual lines that intersect each other to form a series of regular shapes.

Haptic - the sensation of human kinesthetic movement and/or human touch. There are numerous perceptual experiences in many possible tactile experiences, differences in perception of body position, and time-based changes in perception, which are at least partially perceived in non-visual, non-acoustic, and non-sense ways. It includes physical touch (touched), active touch, grip, pressure, friction, traction, sliding, stretching, force, torque, impact, thorn, vibration, motion, acceleration, jerk, pause, sense of orientation, Experience with limb position, gravity, texture, gap, recess, viscosity, pain, itching, humidity, temperature, thermal conductivity, and heat capacity.

Have - including but not limited to.

Human-machine interface - A hardware and/or software designed to provide information to and/or receive information from a user; and/or a user interface.

Illuminate - provide light and / or use light to bright.

Impinge - collision and / or knock.

Included - including but not limited to.

Index of refraction - A measure of the extent to which a substance slows light waves through it. The refractive index of a substance is equal to the ratio of the speed of light in a vacuum relative to the speed of light within the substance. Its value determines the extent to which light is refracted as it enters or leaves the material.

Indium tin oxide - a solid solution of indium (III) oxide (In ₂ O ₃ ) and tin (IV) oxide (SnO ₂ ), typically 90% In ₂ O ₃ and 10% SnO ₂ (by weight), which is typically transparent and colorless in the form of a thin layer, acts as a metallic mirror in the infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum. Because of its conductivity and light transmission, it is a widely used transparent conductive oxide. Thin films of indium tin oxide are most often deposited on the surface by electron beam evaporation, physical vapor deposition, and/or some sputtering deposition techniques.

Individually - an independent individual or about an independent individual.

Information device - Any device capable of processing data and/or information, such as any general purpose and / or special purpose computer, such as a personal computer, workstation, server, mini computer, mainframe, supercomputer , computer terminals, laptops, wearable computers, and/or personal digital assistants (PDAs), mobile terminal devices, Bluetooth devices, communicators, "smart" phones (eg, iPhone-like and/or TREO-like devices) ),message Services (eg, Blackberry) receivers, pagers, fax machines, cell phones, conventional telephones, telex devices, stylized microprocessors or microcontrollers and/or peripheral integrated circuit components, ASICs or other integrated circuits, Hardware electronic logic circuits, such as discrete element circuits, and/or programmable logic devices such as PLD, PLA, FPGA or PAL, or the like. In general, any device having a finite state machine capable of implementing at least a portion of the methods, structures, and/or graphical user interfaces described herein can be utilized as an information device. An information device can include, for example, one or more network interfaces, one or more processors, one or more memory containing instructions, and/or one or more input/output (I/O) devices, or A plurality of components coupled to a user interface or the like of an I/O device.

Initialize - prepare things for use and/or some future events.

Input/output (I/O) device - Any device designed to provide input to and/or receive information from an information device. Examples may include sound, visual, tactile, olfactory, and/or work oriented devices including, for example, a monitor, display, projector, overhead display, keyboard, keypad, mouse, trackball, joystick, Gaming handles, steering wheels, trackpads, touch panels, pointing devices, microphones, speakers, cameras, cameras, scanners, printers, switches, relays, haptics, vibrators, reality simulators, and/or A tactile pad, which may include a port, to which an I/O device can be attached or attached.

Install - Connect or mount in position and ready for use.

Instruction-instructions, which can be implemented as hardware, firmware, and/or software, are used to perform a particular operation and/or function through the generation and/or maintenance of a physical circuit.

Insulating - is substantially resistant to the flow of electrical current.

Layer - A continuous and relatively thin material, region, stratum, course, lamina, coating, and/or sheet that has one or more functions. Its thickness is not necessarily fixed.

Lens - a transparent substance, usually glass and/or plastic, having two opposite surfaces (not all curved surfaces or curved surfaces or flat surfaces) used in An optical device for changing the convergence and/or focus of light; an optical device for changing the convergence and/or focus of light; and/or a transmitted light, refracted light, and/or used to cause light to converge and / or divergent optical device.

Lenslet - A lens of a plurality of lenses forming a substantially planar array.

Light-electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength in the range of from about 300 nanometers to about 1000 nanometers, including any and all values and subranges therebetween, such as from about 400 nanometers to about 700 nanometers, From near infrared to longer wavelengths, far infrared, and/or from UV to X Ray and / or gamma rays.

Light source - A device used to emit light in response to an applied current.

Liquid - A body of matter that exhibits a tendency to flow, little or no dispersion, and relatively high incompressibility, including pumpable and/or flowable mud and/or suspension.

Liquid crystal - Any of various liquids in which atoms or molecules are regularly arrayed in one or two dimensions, which regularity produces optical properties associated with crystallization, such as non-equal scatter.

Locate—place, place, discover, and/or be at a particular point, area, and/or location.

Logic gate - A physical device used to perform logical operations in accordance with one or more logic inputs and to produce a single logical output that is physically exposed. Since the output is also a logical level value, the output of one logic gate can be connected to the input of one or more other logic gates, and through such combinations, complex operations can be implemented. The implemented logic is usually Boolean logic and is often found in logical paths. The most common implementation of logic gates is based on electronic devices using resistors, transistors, and/or diodes, and such implementations are typically in the form of integrated circuits (also known as ICs, microcircuits, micro Large arrays of wafers, germanium wafers, and/or wafers have emerged. However, it can also be based on vacuum tubes, electromagnetics (eg, relays), machinery (eg, gears), fluidics, optical components, chemical reactions, and/or Or DNA (including molecular scale) operations to generate logic gates. Each electrically implemented logic gate typically has two inputs and one output, each of which has a logic level or state, which is typically represented by a voltage. At any given time, each terminal is in two binary logical states (ie, "false" (which is also referred to as "low" or "0") or "truth" One of (also referred to as "high" or "1"), which is represented by a different voltage level, but the logic state of a terminal can and usually changes as the circuit processes the data. Each electronic logic gate typically requires power so that it can source and/or sink current to achieve the correct output voltage. Typically, machine-implementable instructions are ultimately encoded as "0". And/or a binary value of "1", and is typically written and/or written to a memory device (eg, a "scratchpad") that records the binary value as the memory device A change in a physical property, such as voltage, current, charge, phase, pressure, weight, height, tension, level, gap, position, velocity, momentum, force, temperature, polarity, magnetic field, magnetic force, magnetic orientation , reflectivity, molecular chain, molecular weight, etc. An exemplary temporary storage A value of "01101100" can be stored, which encodes a total of 8 "bits" (one byte), where each value of "0" or "1" is referred to as a "bit" Yuan" (and 8-bit elements are collectively referred to as a "byte"). It should be noted that because binary bits can only have one of two different values (ie, "0" or "1") Any physical medium that can switch between two standard states can be used to represent a single element. Therefore, any system capable of representing a binary bit can represent a number. The amount of words, and these numbers can be manipulated by specific coded machine implementable instructions. This is the basic concept under the digital operation. At the scratchpad and/or gate level, the computer does not treat these "0"s and "1s" as numbers themselves, but typically as a voltage level (in an electrically implemented computer) For example, a high voltage of about +3 volts may represent "1" or "logic true" - a high voltage of about 0 volts may represent "0" or "logic pseudo" (or vice versa, depending on the circuit) How it is designed). These high and low voltages (or other physical characteristics, depending on the nature of the implementation) are typically fed into a series of logic gates, which are then generated by the particular logic design by the particular encoded machine. The physical and logical results specifically described by the implemented instructions. For example, if the encoding requires a calculation, the logic gates add the first two bits of the encoding together to produce a result of "1" ("0" + "1" = "1" ), then write this result to another scratchpad for subsequent fetch or read. Alternatively, if the code is a requirement for a certain service, then the logic gates will access or write to some other register, which will then trigger other furnace gates to begin the requested service.

Logic - an conceptual representation.

Machine-implementable instructions - used to form a particular physical circuit to cause a machine (e.g., an information device) to perform an indication of one or more particular activities, operations, and/or functions. These instructions may sometimes be referred to as a "processor", "kernel", "operation system", "program", "application", "utility", "deputy" Entities such as "style", "notes", "macro", "archives", "projects", "modules", "library tubes", "category", and/or "targets", etc. Machine code, source code, object code, compiled code, combined code, interpreted code, and/or executable that are embodied and/or encoded into hardware, firmware, and/or software. The code and so on.

Machine-readable medium - A physical structure in which a machine (such as an information device, computer, microprocessor, and/or controller, etc.) can execute instructions, data, And/or one or more of the information is stored to or obtained from the physical structure. Examples include a memory device, a punch card, an automatic playing piano roll, and the like.

Match - reflect, resemble, harmonize, match, correspond, and/or determine consistency between two or more groups of values, entities, and/or entities.

Material - substance and / or composition.

May - at least in some embodiments it is meant to be allowed and/or allowed to do so.

Memory device - A device that can store (and sometimes permanently store) instructions, data, and/or information that can be implemented by a machine in an analog and/or digital format. Examples include non-volatile memory, volatile memory, scratchpads, relays, switches, random access memory (RAM), read only memory (ROM), flash memory, magnetic media, hard disk Machine, floppy disk, magnetic tape, optical media, optical disk, compact disk (compact disk, At least one of a CD), a digital audio and video versatile disc (DVD), and/or a redundant array of independent disks, and the like. The memory device can be coupled to a processor and/or can store and provide instructions that are designed to be executed by a processor, such as a processor disclosed in accordance with an embodiment herein.

Method - one or more actions that are implemented on a subject that will be transformed into a different state and/or thing and/or associated with a particular device that is not a fundamental principle And not all uses of the pre-empting fundamentals.

Network - A plurality of nodes, communication devices, and/or information devices that are communicatively coupled. Through the network, these nodes and/or devices can be connected, for example, through various wired and/or wireless media (eg, cable, telephone line, power line, fiber optic, radio wave, and/or beam, etc.) To share resources (eg, printers and/or memory devices), exchange files, and/or allow electronic communication between them. The network can be and/or can use a variety of sub-networks and/or communication protocols, such as circuit-switched networks, public switched networks, packet switched networks, connectionless networks, wireless networks. , virtual network, radio network, data network, telephone network, twisted pair network, POTS network, non-POTS network, DSL network, cellular network, telecommunication network, video distribution network, Cable network, RF network, terrestrial network, microwave network, broadcast network, satellite network, broadband network, corporate network, global network, national network, regional network, wide area network , backbone network, packet exchange TCP/IP protocol, IEEE 802.03 protocol, Ethernet, fast Ethernet, token ring network, local network, wide area network, IP, public internet, internal network, private network, ATM, ultra-wideband (UWB) network Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, airport network, IEEE 802.11, IEEE 802.11a, IEEE 802.11b, IEEE 802.11g, X -10, power network, 3G network, 4G network, multi-domain network, and / or multi-region sub-network and / or agreement, one or more Internet service providers, one or Multiple network interfaces, and/or one or more information devices, such as a switch, router, and/or a gateway that is not directly connected to a local network, etc., and/or any equivalent thereof Things.

Network interface - Any physical and/or logical device, system, and/or processing capable of coupling an information device to a network. Exemplary network interface includes telephone, cellular phone, cellular data machine, telephone data modem, fax data machine, wireless receiver, communication port, Ethernet card, wired electric data machine, digital subscriber line interface , a bridge, a hub, a router, or other similar device, software for managing such a device, and/or software to provide the functionality of such a device.

Non-overlapping - does not extend above or cover a part of...

Offset - A position that is close to but different from a given point or region.

Opposite, opposite, opposite; the other of two complementary or mutually exclusive things; placed or placed oppositely, oppositely, offset, and/or from something and/or from each other Opposite.

Optical-optical or visual or light- or visual-related, and/or visual representation.

Optical-optical or visual or light- or visual-related, and/or visual representation.

Optically edge-less - the ability of light to bend light substantially because of the interaction of light with a crack and/or edge.

Overlap - extends over or covers a portion of...

Packet - a generic term for a data bundle organized, for example, in a particular manner for transmission over a network and/or across a network (e.g., a digital packet switched network), and including The data to be transmitted and some control information, such as the destination address.

Pair - A set of two objects.

Parallel, parallel - straight lines, curves, planes and/or surfaces equidistant from each other, and associated with these lines, curves, planes and/or surfaces, and/or specifying these lines, curves, planes And/or surface, and/or component configurations that interpolate current into two or more paths in a circuit.

Perceptible - can be perceived by human perception.

Vertical, perpendicular - intersecting at substantially right angles or forming substantially right angles; and/or at substantially right angles to an axis.

Phase - the temporal relationship between successive states and/or cycles of an oscillating and/or repetitive system (eg, alternating current, one or more light waves, and/or sound waves); a fixed reference point; The state of the system; and/or the loop of another system.

Photolithograpgy - by exposing a photosensitive substrate to a pattern (for example, a pre-designed structured pattern and/or circuit pattern) and exposing or unexposed the substrate The portion is chemically etched away to produce processing of the metal foil, fluid component circuitry, and/or printed circuitry.

Photon A quantum representation of a quantum of light and/or other electromagnetic radiation that has a zero rest mass and carries energy proportional to the frequency of the radiation.

Physical-physical, real, and/or actual.

Physically - exists, occurs, occurs, acts, and/or operates in a tangible, real, and/or actual manner.

Planar - is shaped into a substantially flat two-dimensional surface.

Multiple - multiple and/or more than one state.

Pocket - A container that at least partially surrounds its contents.

Point-(noun) in at least one two-dimensional system An explicit entity and/or logical location in the system and/or a component and/or a measured value in a geometrically described group or a representation of a measured value having a time coordinate and a non-time coordinate. (verb) indicates the position and/or direction of...

Portion - A portion, component, section, percentage, ratio, and/or quantity that is less than a larger whole. It can be visually, physically, and/or physically distinguishable and/or indistinguishable.

Position - Positions or positions a position.

Power - a measure of the ability of a vision system, eye, lens, and/or lens-related eye to refract, amplify, separate, converge, and/or diverge light; and/or a general term that can be Refers to any of efficiency, isocratic efficiency, refractive power, focal power, refractive index, surface rate, and/or vergence power.

Pre---a type of prefix that precedes an activity that has occurred beforehand and/or earlier.

Predetermined - established in advance.

Probability - A possible quantitative representation of an event.

Processor - A machine that uses hardware, firmware, and/or software and is capable of being physically implemented by a set of machines through a plurality of Boolean logic operations that form a logical gate of a particular physical circuit. The specific work defined by the instructions. A processor can be implemented using machine, pneumatic, hydraulic, electric, magnetic, optical, informational, chemical, and/or biological principles, mechanisms, adaptations, signals, inputs, and/or outputs. The job. In some embodiments, the processor can transmit the information for manipulation by machine-operable instructions and/or information devices by manipulating, analyzing, modifying information, and/or transforming the information, and/or The information is sent to an output device. The processor can function as a central processing unit, local controller, remote controller, parallel controller, and/or distributed controller, and the like. Unless otherwise indicated, the controller can be a general purpose device such as a microcontroller and/or microprocessor, such as the Pentium series of microprocessors manufactured by Intel Corporation of Santa Clara, California. In some embodiments, the processor may be a dedicated device, such as a special application integrated circuit (ASIC) that has been designed to implement a portion of the embodiments described herein in its hardware and/or firmware. ) or field programmable gate array (FPGA).

Programmatically - program and / or instruction, and programs and / or instructions, and / or have programs and / or instructions.

Project - calculation, forecast, or estimate.

Provided - supplied, supplied, given, and/or made available.

Radial - a component that is emitted from a common center and/or converges to a common center, and/or has components or features that are so arranged or so radiated in such a component that is so arranged or so radiated .

Receive - obtain a signal, work, request, and/or get.

Recommended - advice, praise, compliment, and/or endorsement.

Reduce - is available / or becomes less and / or smaller.

Rendered - for example by means of visual, auditory, and/or tactile means and/or narrative (eg, through displays, monitors, electronic paper, visual implants, hearing aids, speakers, oscillators, vibrations) , force feedback devices, electronic pens, rockers, steering wheels, gloves, hair dryers, heaters, coolers, pin arrays, tactile touchpads, etc. to physically, chemically, biologically, electronically, electrically Earth, magnetically, optically, acoustically, fluidly, and/or mechanically transformed into human perceptible formations, such as data, instructions, text, graphics, sound, video, animation, and/or hyperlinks, etc. Wait.

Repeatedly - once in a while; repetitively.

Request - expresses a desire and/or requirement for.

Ring - a substantially toroidal object that can be attached to a closed loop (eg, ellipse, circle, irregular curve, polygon, etc.) around the outer ring. The linear motion is generated and imaged.

Scene - the place where the action takes place and / or a feeling of interest The place where the interesting object exists; what the observer sees; and/or the scenery and/or the scenery.

Second - in the order immediately following the beginning of the object.

Select - make a choice or pick from the options.

Separated - untouched and / or separated by something.

Server - an information device and/or a process operating thereon that is designed to be communicatively coupled to a network and that is designed to couple to at least one client (ie, to at least one other communication) At least one service is provided to the information device of the network and/or to at least one process operating on another information device communicatively coupled to the network. One example is a file server that has a local disk drive and serves the request from a remote client to read, write, and/or manage files on the disk drive. Another example is an email server that provides at least one program that receives, temporarily stores, transfers, and/or delivers email messages. Yet another embodiment is a database server that processes database queries. Yet another example is a device server that provides shared physical resources and/or devices (eg, information devices, printers, modems, scanners, projectors, displays, lights, cameras, security devices, proximity reading) Pickers, card readers, kiosks, POS/retail equipment, telephone systems, home equipment, HVAS equipment, medical equipment, library equipment, industrial equipment, machine tools, pumps, fans, motor units, scales Programmable logic controller, sensor, data collector, actuator, alarm Networked and/or programmable access, and/or monitoring, management, and/or control of reports, alarms, and/or input/output devices, and the like.

Set - multiple associated.

Side - A surface that defines the boundaries of a solid object.

Signal- (verb) communication; (noun) in physical variables (such as pneumatic, hydraulic, acoustic, fluid, mechanical, electrical, magnetic, optical, chemical variables) and / or biological Variables (eg, work, energy, pressure, flow rate, viscosity, density, torque, impulse, force, frequency, phase, voltage, current, resistance, magnetic force, magnetic field density, magnetic field flux, magnetic flux density, magnetoresistance, One or more automatically detectable changes in transmittance, phase shift, concentration, ie, temperature, etc., which can encode information (eg, instructions that can be implemented by a machine for activity and/or Or one or more letters, words, characters, symbols, signal flags, visual displays, and/or special sounds, etc., having a predetermined meaning. Depending on the context, a message and/or information encoded therein may be synchronous, asynchronous, hard instant, soft instant, non-instant, continuously generated, continuously changing, analogous, Decentralized, decentralized, quantized, digital, broadcast, multicast, unicast, transmitted, transported, received, continuously measured, decentralized, processed , encoded, encrypted, multiplexed, modulated, scattered, anti-spread, demodulated, detected, demultiplexed, decrypted, and/or decoded.

Silicon dioxide - also known as "meteorite"; a white or colorless glassy insoluble solid (SiO ₂ ); present in many forms in the earth's crust, such as quartz, chalk, scales , Jiao Yushi and so on.

Solid angle - A three-dimensional angle formed by three or more planes that intersect at a common point. Its magnitude is measured in steradians, which is a unitless measurement. The corners of a room form a solid angle, and the apex of a cone also forms a solid angle; we can imagine that an infinite number of planes forming a smooth circular surface of the cone meet at the vertex. Solid angles are often used in photometric measurements.

Special purpose computer - A computer and/or information device comprising a processor device having a plurality of logic gates whereby at least a portion of those logic gates are processed by a particular machine implementable instruction The device is implemented to undergo at least one physical and measurable characteristic (eg, voltage, current, charge, phase, pressure, weight, height, tension, level, gap, position, velocity, momentum, force, temperature, polarity, magnetic field) Changes in magnetic force, magnetic orientation, reflectivity, molecular chain, molecular weight, etc., whereby the machine-implementable instructions are directly linked to the particular configuration and characteristics of the logic gates. In the case of an electronic computer, each such change in the logic gate produces a particular electronic circuit by which the machine implementable instructions are directly coupled to the particular electronic circuit.

Special purpose processor - a processor device with multiple logic gates, whereby those logic gates At least a portion of the instructions executable by the processor are subjected to at least one physical and measurable characteristic (eg, voltage, current, charge, phase, pressure, weight, height, tension, level, clearance). Changes in position, velocity, momentum, force, temperature, polarity, magnetic field, magnetic force, magnetic orientation, reflectivity, molecular chain, molecular weight, etc., whereby these machine-implementable instructions are directly linked to such The specific configuration and characteristics of the logic gate. In the case of an electronic computer, each such change in the logic gate produces a particular electronic circuit by which the machine implementable instructions are directly coupled to the particular electronic circuit.

Spherical - a shape that is substantially spherical in shape, associated with and/or having such a shape.

Store - Place, hold, and/or remember data in memory.

Structure - A thing made up of several components that are maintained and/or combined in a particular manner.

Substantially - to a great extent and / or limit.

Substrate - a substrate material, region, foundation, layer, base layer, lamina, coating, and/or sheet.

Sufficiently - to the extent required to achieve a predetermined result.

Support - bears weight, especially from below.

Surface - the outer boundary of an object and/or a layer of material that forms and/or resembles such a boundary.

Switch, switch- (noun) a mechanical, electrical, and/or electronic device that opens and/or closes a circuit, completes and/or interrupts an electrical path, and/or selects a path and/or circuit; (verb) forming, opening, and/or closing one or more circuits; forming, completing, and/or interrupting an electrical path and/or information path; alternating between electrical charging and anti-charging; Selecting a path and/or circuit in the available paths and/or circuits; and/or establishing a connection between different transmission paths in a network (or between networks); (noun) a design designed to switch A physical device, such as a mechanical, electronic, and/or electronic device.

System - A collection of mechanisms, devices, machines, artifacts, processes, materials, and/or instructions designed to perform one or more functions.

Transform - A measurable change in form, appearance, nature, and/or characteristics.

Send - the delivery, supply, supply, and/or supply of a signal.

Transparent-clear; characterized by a substantial portion of the incident light that does not reflect or absorb incident light; and/or has a substance that transmits light therethrough such that it is on one side or on the other side. The characteristic that an object can be clearly seen.

Unique - separate and distinctive.

User interface - Any device used to provide information to and/or request information from a user. The user interface includes at least one of a textual, graphical, audio, video, animated, and/or tactile component. A textual component can be provided by, for example, a printer, monitor, display, projector, and the like. A graphical component can be provided, for example, via a monitor, display, projector, and/or visual pointing device (e.g., light, flag, beacon, etc.). An audio component can be provided, for example, via a speaker, microphone, and/or other sound generating and/or receiving device. A video component or animation component can be provided, for example, via a monitor, display, projector, and/or other visual device. A tactile element such as a very low frequency speaker, vibrator, tactile stimulator, tactile pad, simulator, keyboard, keypad, mouse, trackball, joystick, game handle, steering wheel, touch Boards, touch panels, pointing devices, and/or other haptic devices are provided. The user interface can include one or more text elements, such as, for example, one or more text, numeric symbols, and the like. The user interface may include one or more graphical elements such as, for example, an image, a photo, a picture, an icon, a window, a title column, a panel, a table, a label, a text box, a form, a selection form, a popup Forms, drop-down forms, menus, toolbars, docks, check boxes, broadcast buttons, hyperlinks, browsers, buttons, controls, swatches, previews, color wheel, dials, sliders, reels , cursors, status columns, wallers, and/or progress indicators, and more. A text and / or graphic component can be used to select, program, adjust, change, specify a look, background color, background style, border style, thick border Degree, foreground color, font, font, font size, alignment, line spacing, indentation, maximum data length, validation, query, cursor type, indicator type, auto size, position, and/or scale, etc. The user interface can include one or more audio components, such as, for example, volume control, pitch control, speed control, sound selector, and/or one or more for controlling audio playback, speed, pause, fast forward, Reverse the components and so on. The user interface may include one or more video components, such as, for example, elements that control video playback, speed, pause, fast forward, reverse, zoom, zoom, rotate, and/or tilt. The user interface may include one or more animation elements, such as, for example, elements that control animation play, pause, fast forward, reverse, zoom in, zoom out, rotate, tilt, color, density, speed, frequency, appearance, and the like. The user interface may include one or more tactile elements such as, for example, elements that utilize tactile stimulators, forces, pressure, vibration, motion, displacement, temperature, and the like.

Variable-focus - A quality with adjustable focal length in a single well-specified optical instrument.

Vary - changes, changes, and/or modifies one or more characteristics and/or attributes.

Via-by and/or utilization.

Voltage - (also known as "potential difference" and "electromotive force" (EMF)) A potential difference and/or a value between any two conductors in a circuit, expressed as a volt with a sign Number (V), and is measured as a positive and negative difference between two positions in a circuit, when it is divided by the law of Ohm according to Ohm's law The resistance (in ohms) gives the current (in amps) between these points.

Wavefront - A surface that contains points that are substantially affected by a wave at a substantially predetermined point in time.

Weight - A value that shows importance.

When (when) - at a time and / or during that time.

Where (wherein) - about and / or in addition to.

Accompanied with...with.

Related to (with respect to)-about and/or related.

Comment

Various exemplary embodiments that are substantially and particularly practical and useful are described herein textually and/or graphically, including the best mode known to the inventors, if any, for the present invention. The subject matter of the art is implemented by a person of ordinary skill in the art. For those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains, it is described in one or more embodiments herein, based on his/her complete expertise and/or knowledge in the field without undue experimentation. Various possible changes (eg, modifications, additions, modifications, fine modifications, and/or reinforcements, etc.), details (eg, genre, orientation, nuances, and/or details, etc.), and/or equivalents Any of (e.g., substitutes, substitutes, combinations, and/or selections, etc.) will become apparent after reading this document. The inventor of the present invention expects skilled artisans to properly implement these Variations, details, and/or equivalents, therefore, the inventors of the present invention intend to implement the described subject matter in a manner different from that specifically described herein. Accordingly, to the extent permitted by law, the described subject matter includes all variations, details, and equivalents of the described subject matter. Further, each combination of features, functions, or elements of the singular, physical, and/or structural elements described herein, as well as all possible variations, details, and equivalents thereof, as described by the law. The subject matter is included unless otherwise specifically indicated herein, clearly and specifically waived, or otherwise contradicted by the context.

The use of any and all examples or exemplary language (such as "such as") as used herein is merely intended to clarify one or more embodiments. Limitations are made unless there is a different representation. No language herein is to be construed as indicating that any described subject matter of the invention is indispensable for the practice of the described subject matter.

Therefore, regardless of the content of any part of the document (eg, the name of the invention, the field of the invention, the background of the invention, the summary of the invention, the embodiments of the invention, the abstract, the drawings, etc.), unless explicitly stated to the contrary (eg by explicit Definition, claim, or discussion) or clearly contradictory to the context, otherwise, any request for any request, whether or not it is a file and/or any file claiming the priority of the file, whether or not Presented or not originally requested: for any particular order of activities, for any particular combination of substances, or for the particular relationship of the person to the element, It is not necessary to include any feature, function, or element, function, or structural element that is specifically described; any feature, function, activity, substance, or structural element that is not described is "indispensable"; any two or more A plurality of described substances can be mixed, combined, reacted, separated, and/or isolated; any of the described features, functions, activities, substances, and/or structural elements can be integrated, isolated, and/or Copying; any described activity may be performed manually, semi-automatically, and/or automatically; any described activity may be repeated, any activity may be implemented by multiple entities, and/or any activity may be The various features, functions, activities, materials, and/or structural elements described may be explicitly excluded, the order of activities may be changed, and/or the interrelationship of structural elements may vary.

In the context of the described embodiments (especially in the context of any claim recited herein or in any document claiming priority of the present application), "a", "said" The terms and/or similar referents are to be construed as covering the singular and plural meanings, unless otherwise indicated herein or otherwise clearly contradicted.

Words “including,” “having,” “including,” and “containing” should be interpreted as open words (ie, meaning “including but not Limited to ") unless a different annotation is made.

When any number or range is recited herein, the number and range are approximate numbers and ranges unless clearly indicated. The recitation of ranges of values herein are merely intended to serve as a short-term method for individually indicating each individual value falling within the range, unless otherwise indicated herein, and each separate value The sub-range defined by the numerical value is included and expressly meant to be present in the detailed book as if it were individually recited herein. For example, if a range of 1 to 10 is described, even if implicitly described, unless otherwise indicated, the range must include all values between 1 and 10, such as, for example, 1.1, 2.5, 3.335. , 5, 6.179, 8.9999, etc., and include all subranges between 1 and 10, such as, for example, 1 to 3.56, 2.8 to 8.14, 1.93 to 9, and the like.

When any wording (ie, one or more words) described herein or in a claim item is followed by an element number, the element number is exemplary and non-limiting for the description and claim. of.

This document or any document claiming the priority of this document has no claim that it is intended to exercise USC 35 USC 112 Article 6, unless the explicit wording "means for" follows the gerund.

Any information in any of the materials (such as U.S. patents, U.S. patent applications, books, articles, etc.) that have been incorporated by reference herein by reference to the extent of Only arrived at this information and there is no agreement between the other statements and drawings presented in this article. The extent of the touch is included in this article. In the event of a conflict (which includes any case where the request in this document or the file claiming priority of the case is invalid), then any conflicting information in this material is explicitly not included by reference. In this article.

In this document, and during the review of any patent application (including any patent application claiming priority to this patent application) associated with this document, any reference frame for any requested patent subject is intended to be The particular point in time is still the exact language of the requested patent subject.

Thus, every part of this document (eg, the name of the invention, the field of the invention, the background of the invention, the summary of the invention, the embodiments of the invention, the abstract, the drawings, etc.), and any of the definitions provided for the wording herein shall be It is considered to be illustrative in nature, not a limitation. The subject matter of the invention protected by any claim under any patent granted under this document is limited by the exact language of the claim (and all legal equivalents thereof) and any use in the claim. Any definition of the wording is defined and limited only by the context of the document.

35‧‧‧Substrate

40‧‧‧External substrate

50‧‧‧External substrate

45‧‧‧ Space

Claims (6)

A liquid crystal lens device comprising: a first microlens array (55); and a second microlens array (56); wherein: the first microlens array and the second microlens array are formed in a predetermined An opposite substantially flat surface or inside of the microlens substrate (35); the first microlens array and the second microlens array are substantially parallel; each individual microlens from the first microlens array And substantially corresponding optical microlenses from the second microlens array are substantially optically aligned; the first microlens array is disposed adjacent to a substantially planar first cover substrate (40) and Substantially parallel thereto; the second microlens array is disposed adjacent to and substantially parallel to a substantially planar second cover substrate (50); a first liquid crystal pocket (45 ) is formed between the first microlens array and the first cover substrate; and a second liquid crystal pocket (46) is formed between the second microlens array and the second cover substrate. The liquid crystal lens device of claim 1, wherein the first microlens array comprises a convex microlens. The liquid crystal lens device of claim 1, wherein the first microlens array comprises a concave microlens. The liquid crystal lens device of claim 1, wherein the second microlens array comprises a convex microlens. The liquid crystal lens device of claim 1, wherein the second microlens array comprises a concave microlens. The liquid crystal lens device of claim 1, wherein the device is electrically adjustable.