TWI527698B - Composite refractory - Google Patents
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Description
本發明係關於諸如迴轉窯的爐襯等所使用之複合耐火物。The present invention relates to a composite refractory used in a lining such as a rotary kiln.
水泥工廠與紙漿工廠所使用的迴轉窯係具有在圓筒狀窯殼的內面內襯著耐火壁的構造。自習知起，就減少迴轉窯熱損失的技術，有採用將在窯殼內面內襯的耐火壁設為耐火層與低導熱性絕熱層的雙層構造手段。The rotary kiln used in the cement factory and the pulp mill has a structure in which the inner surface of the cylindrical kiln shell is lined with a refractory wall. From the point of view of self-study, in order to reduce the heat loss of the rotary kiln, there is a two-layer construction method in which a refractory wall lining the inner surface of the kiln shell is used as a refractory layer and a low thermal conductivity heat insulating layer.
採用此種雙層構造的情況，在迴轉窯內，因為被燒成物會在窯殼內朝軸方向移動，因而在內襯磚上便容易產生該方向的應力，而因在窯爐操作時從被燒成物對耐火壁的雙層構造部所作用之摩擦力，會有導致二層出現剝離造成耐火層脫落的問題，就解決該項問題的技術，本案申請人有揭示將二層的邊界面形成波形形態的技術(專利文獻1)。又，相關該製造方法，有揭示：首先在相當於耐火物外周形狀的模框內流入絕熱材的鑄件材料，再利用波形形狀的壓模對其上面賦予波形，具有絕熱材的層經某程度固化後，再於其上面流入耐火材的鑄件材料，經固化，施行後脫模的預澆鑄技術。又，專利文獻1有記載：當耐火層與絕熱層係依同一壓力同時進行沖壓成形的磚製品時，二層的材料並無法使用容積比重有大差異者，相對於此，根據預澆鑄技術，因為二層材料的容積比重差亦可較大於磚製品，因而可減小絕熱層的熱導率，俾可獲得良好的省能源效果。In the case of the double-layer structure, in the rotary kiln, since the burned material moves in the axial direction in the kiln shell, the stress in the direction is easily generated on the inner lining brick, and during the operation of the kiln From the frictional force acting on the two-layer structure of the refractory wall by the burnt material, there is a problem that the delamination of the refractory layer is caused by the peeling of the two layers. In order to solve the problem, the applicant has revealed that the second layer will be A technique in which a boundary surface forms a waveform form (Patent Document 1). Further, in the production method, it is disclosed that first, a casting material of a heat insulating material flows into a mold frame corresponding to the outer shape of the refractory material, and a wave shape is used to apply a wave shape to the upper surface thereof, and the layer having the heat insulating material is subjected to a certain degree. After solidification, the casting material of the refractory material is poured thereon, and after solidification, a pre-casting technique of demolding is performed. Further, Patent Document 1 discloses that when a refractory layer and a heat insulating layer are simultaneously subjected to press forming at the same pressure, the material of the second layer cannot be used with a large difference in bulk specific gravity, whereas according to the precasting technique, Since the difference in bulk specific gravity of the two-layer material can also be larger than that of the brick product, the thermal conductivity of the heat insulating layer can be reduced, and a good energy-saving effect can be obtained.
但是，專利文獻1的耐火層與絕熱層，就從化學成分的觀點，均屬於由同一組合(二層為中性耐火物、或二層為鹼性耐火物)構成，相對於此，當迴轉窯在例如1300℃以上的高溫環境下使用時，耐火層就從耐蝕性的觀點，最好為由鹼性耐火物(例如MgO、MgO‧Al2O3原料)構成，且絕熱層就從省能源的觀點，最好設為1W/m‧k以下的低導熱性，最好主要由酸性或中性原料(例如Al2O3、SiO2原料)構成。However, the refractory layer and the heat insulating layer of Patent Document 1 are composed of the same combination (the second layer is a neutral refractory or the second layer is an alkaline refractory) from the viewpoint of chemical components, whereas when it is rotated When the kiln is used in a high-temperature environment of, for example, 1300 ° C or higher, the refractory layer is preferably composed of an alkaline refractory (for example, MgO, MgO‧Al 2 O 3 raw material) from the viewpoint of corrosion resistance, and the heat insulating layer is omitted from the viewpoint of corrosion resistance. From the viewpoint of energy, it is preferable to set the low thermal conductivity of 1 W/m‧k or less, and it is preferable to mainly consist of an acidic or neutral raw material (for example, Al 2 O 3 or SiO 2 raw material).
會對耐火層與絕熱層的接著強度構成影響之熱膨脹係數，因為鹼性耐火物、與酸性或中性原料會有頗大差異，因而容易出現龜裂，且當耐火層係由鹼性耐火物構成，絕熱層係由酸性或中性原料構成的情況，在鹼性耐火物素燒所必要的高溫條件下，會在與酸性或中性原料的邊界面處發生熔解現象，導致技術性頗難利用高溫燒成將二層呈一體化。The coefficient of thermal expansion that affects the strength of the refractory layer and the thermal insulation layer. Because the basic refractory material is quite different from the acidic or neutral material, it is prone to cracking, and when the refractory layer is made of alkaline refractory In the case where the heat insulating layer is composed of an acidic or neutral material, the melting phenomenon occurs at the boundary surface with the acidic or neutral raw material under the high temperature conditions necessary for the alkaline refractory burning, which makes the technical technique difficult. The two layers are integrated by high temperature firing.
相對於此，亦已知有在由鹼性耐火物構成的耐火層、與由酸性或中性原料構成的絕熱層之間，貼附低導熱絕熱材(所謂「鋪底磚」)的技術，但利用鋪底磚進行的接合，在二層間的固著力較弱，會有複合耐火物無法獲得當作迴轉窯的爐襯材使用時所要求的固著力問題。On the other hand, a technique of attaching a low-heat-conducting heat insulating material (so-called "floor tile") between a refractory layer made of an alkaline refractory material and a heat insulating layer made of an acidic or neutral material is known. With the joining of the bottoming bricks, the fixing force between the two layers is weak, and the composite refractory cannot obtain the fixing force problem required when used as a lining material for the rotary kiln.
[專利文獻1]日本專利特公平6-103153號公報[Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Special Publication No. 6-103153
本發明目的係解決上述問題，提供具備有：當在1300℃以上的高溫環境使用時能具有最佳耐蝕性的耐火層、以及降低熱損失的最佳絕熱層等雙層，且可達該雙層間的固著力提升與耐蝕性提升之複合耐火物。The object of the present invention is to solve the above problems and to provide a double layer having a refractory layer which can have optimum corrosion resistance when used in a high temperature environment of 1300 ° C or higher, and an optimum heat insulating layer which reduces heat loss, and can reach the double A composite refractory with improved adhesion between layers and improved corrosion resistance.
為解決上述課題，本發明的複合耐火物係將耐火層與絕熱層，利用預澆鑄技術、或利用接著原料進行的貼附，而呈一體化的複合耐火物，其特徵在於：該耐火層係由鹼性耐火物構成；該絕熱層係由具0.2~1W/m‧k低導熱性的不定形材料構成；耐火層與絕熱層的熱膨脹係數差係0~6×10-6/K。In order to solve the above problems, the composite refractory according to the present invention is a composite refractory in which a refractory layer and a heat insulating layer are integrated by a pre-casting technique or by a bonding material, and the refractory layer is characterized by It is composed of an alkaline refractory; the heat insulating layer is composed of an amorphous material having a low thermal conductivity of 0.2 to 1 W/m ‧ k; the difference in thermal expansion coefficient between the refractory layer and the heat insulating layer is 0 to 6 × 10 -6 /K.
申請專利範圍第2項所記載的發明，係就申請專利範圍第1項所記載的複合耐火物，其中，絕熱層係以Al2O3、SiO2、MgO中之任一者為構成成分。The composite refractory according to the first aspect of the invention, wherein the heat insulating layer is composed of any one of Al 2 O 3 , SiO 2 and MgO.
申請專利範圍第3項所記載的發明，係就申請專利範圍第1項所記載的複合耐火物，其中，絕熱層係將製造原料用的中空原料與多孔質原料中之一者或二者，依合計量計，在該製造原料中添加10~60質量%範圍而形成。The composite refractory according to the first aspect of the invention, wherein the heat insulating layer is one or both of a hollow raw material and a porous raw material for producing a raw material. The composition is formed by adding 10 to 60% by mass of the raw material according to the total amount.
申請專利範圍第4項所記載的發明，係就申請專利範圍第1或2項所記載的複合耐火物，其中，絕熱層係製造原料用的纖維狀原料，在該製造原料中添加1~20質量%範圍而形成。The composite refractory according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the heat insulating layer is a fibrous raw material for producing a raw material, and 1 to 20 is added to the raw material. The mass % range is formed.
申請專利範圍第5項所記載的發明，係就申請專利範圍第1項所記載的複合耐火物，其中，在耐火層與絕熱層之間，設有由以Al2O3、MgO‧Al2O3、ZrO2、SiO2中之任一者為構成成分的0.1~2mm中間塗佈層。The invention according to claim 5 is the composite refractory according to the first aspect of the invention, wherein the refractory layer and the heat insulating layer are provided with Al 2 O 3 and MgO‧Al 2 Any of O 3 , ZrO 2 and SiO 2 is a 0.1 to 2 mm intermediate coating layer of a constituent component.
申請專利範圍第6項所記載的發明，係就申請專利範圍第1項所記載的複合耐火物，其中，耐火層與絕熱層的邊界面係形成凹凸形狀。The composite refractory according to the first aspect of the invention, wherein the refractory layer and the heat insulating layer have a concavo-convex shape.
本發明的複合耐火物，藉由具有由耐蝕性優異的鹼性耐火物所構成耐火層之構造，當在1300℃以上的高溫環境中使用時，可實現最佳的耐蝕性，且藉由設有由具0.2~1W/m‧k低導熱性的不定形材料所構成絕熱層之構造，便可實現降低熱損失的最佳絕熱層。The composite refractory of the present invention has a structure in which a refractory layer is formed of an alkaline refractory having excellent corrosion resistance, and when used in a high-temperature environment of 1300 ° C or higher, optimum corrosion resistance can be achieved, and The structure of the heat insulating layer composed of an amorphous material having a low thermal conductivity of 0.2 to 1 W/m‧k can realize an optimum heat insulating layer for reducing heat loss.
因為鹼性耐火物、與酸性或中性原料的熱膨脹係數有大幅差異，因而習知技術由鹼性耐火物構成的耐火層、與主要由酸性或中性原料構成的絕熱層之雙層間的固著力偏弱，當使用為迴轉窯之爐襯材的耐火壁時，會有無法獲得滿足的固著力之問題，但本發明係藉由將絕熱層設為不定形材料構成，並將耐火層與絕熱層在未經由燒成的情況下呈一體化，具體而言，可利用預澆鑄技術、或利用接著原料的貼附而呈一體化，且藉由在該雙層間設有波形邊界面的構造、及將耐火層與絕熱層的熱膨脹係數差設為0~6×10-6/K之構造，便可達該雙層間的固著力提升。Because of the large difference in thermal expansion coefficient between an alkaline refractory and an acidic or neutral raw material, the conventional technique consists of a refractory layer composed of an alkaline refractory and a double layer of a heat insulating layer mainly composed of an acidic or neutral raw material. The fixing force is weak, and when the refractory wall which is the lining material of the rotary kiln is used, there is a problem that the satisfactory fixing force cannot be obtained, but the present invention is constituted by the heat insulating layer being made of an amorphous material, and the refractory layer is The heat insulating layer is integrated without being fired, and specifically, it may be integrated by a pre-casting technique or by attaching a raw material, and by providing a wave boundary surface between the two layers The structure and the structure in which the difference in thermal expansion coefficient between the refractory layer and the heat insulating layer is set to 0 to 6 × 10 -6 /K can achieve the improvement of the fixing force between the two layers.
依此，將耐火層與絕熱層在未經由燒成的情況下呈一體化，具體而言，利用預澆鑄技術、或利用接著原料的貼附而呈一體化，便不需要燒成成本，因而相較於燒成磚之下，可更廉價地製造，且具有能使用低熱導率絕熱材的優點。According to this, the refractory layer and the heat insulating layer are integrated without being fired, and specifically, they are integrated by the pre-casting technique or by the attachment of the subsequent raw material, so that the firing cost is not required. Compared to fired bricks, it can be manufactured more cheaply and has the advantage of being able to use low thermal conductivity insulation.
絕熱層最好係以Al2O3、SiO2、MgO中之任一者為構成成分，且中空原料與多孔質原料之其中一者或二者，依合計量添加10~60質量%範圍而形成。又，該中空原料+多孔質原料亦可一起或單獨添加纖維狀原料1~20質量%範圍而形成。藉此便可形成具有0.2~1W/m‧k低導熱性的絕熱層。又，藉由在耐火層與絕熱層之間，形成以Al2O3、MgO‧Al2O3、ZrO2、SiO2中之任一者為構成成分的0.1~2mm中間塗佈層，便可達更加提升耐蝕性及各層間的固著力。且，藉由將耐火層與絕熱層的邊界面形成凹凸形狀，便可更加提高雙層間的接合性。The heat insulating layer is preferably composed of any one of Al 2 O 3 , SiO 2 , and MgO, and one or both of the hollow raw material and the porous raw material are added in a range of 10 to 60% by mass. form. Further, the hollow raw material + porous raw material may be formed by adding the fibrous raw material together in a range of 1 to 20% by mass. Thereby, a heat insulating layer having a low thermal conductivity of 0.2 to 1 W/m‧k can be formed. Further, by forming an intermediate coating layer of 0.1 to 2 mm having a composition of any one of Al 2 O 3 , MgO‧Al 2 O 3 , ZrO 2 , and SiO 2 between the refractory layer and the heat insulating layer, It can improve the corrosion resistance and the fixing force between the layers. Further, by forming the uneven surface of the boundary surface between the refractory layer and the heat insulating layer, the bondability between the two layers can be further improved.
以下，例示本發明較佳實施形態。Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be exemplified.
第1圖~第2圖中，1係複合耐火物，2係耐火層，3係中間塗佈層，4係絕熱層，5係迴轉窯的圓筒狀窯殼。如第1圖所示，本實施形態的複合耐火物1係具有略矩形狀區塊形狀，構成在被燒成物進行移動的爐內側設有耐火層2，在爐壁側設有絕熱層4，並在耐火層2與絕熱層4的中間設有中間塗佈層的三層構造。耐火層2係由鹼性耐火物構成，絕熱層4係由以酸性或中性原料為構成成分，且具有0.2~1W/m‧k低導熱性的不定形材料構成。In Fig. 1 to Fig. 2, a 1 type composite refractory, a 2 type refractory layer, a 3 type intermediate coating layer, a 4 type heat insulating layer, and a cylindrical kiln shell of a 5 series rotary kiln. As shown in Fig. 1, the composite refractory 1 of the present embodiment has a substantially rectangular block shape, and a refractory layer 2 is provided inside the furnace where the burned material moves, and a heat insulating layer 4 is provided on the furnace wall side. And a three-layer structure in which an intermediate coating layer is provided between the refractory layer 2 and the heat insulating layer 4. The refractory layer 2 is composed of an alkaline refractory material, and the heat insulating layer 4 is made of an amorphous material having an acidic or neutral raw material as a constituent component and having a low thermal conductivity of 0.2 to 1 W/m‧k.
如上述，當耐火層係由鹼性耐火物構成，絕熱層係由酸性或中性原料構成的情況，在鹼性耐火物素燒所必要的高溫條件下，會在與酸性或中性原料的邊界面處發生熔解現象，導致技術性頗難利用高溫燒成將二層呈一體化，且雖已知有在由鹼性耐火物構成的耐火層、與由酸性或中性原料構成的絕熱層之間，貼附低導熱絕熱材(所謂「鋪底磚」)的技術，但此種構造的二層間之固著力偏弱，會有複合耐火物無法獲得當作迴轉窯的爐襯材使用時所要求之固著力的問題。相對於此，本發明採取將由鹼性耐火物構成的耐火層、與由酸性或中性原料構成的絕熱層，在未經由燒成的情況下進行一體化構成，且將耐火層與絕熱層的熱膨脹係數差設為0~6×10-6/K，且絕熱層係由具0.2~1W/m‧k低導熱性的不定形材料構成，藉此便可解決上述問題，具有當在1300℃以上高溫環境使用具備最佳耐蝕性的耐火層、與減少熱損失的最佳絕熱層之雙層，且能實現能達該雙層間的固著力提升與耐蝕性提升的複合耐火物。另外，本發明中所謂「在未經由燒成的情況下進行一體化」不僅係依照首先在相當於耐火物外周形狀的模框內流入絕熱材的鑄件材料，再利用波形形狀壓模對其上面賦予波形，經絕熱材的層進行某程度固化後，再於其上流入耐火材的鑄件材料，經固化，施行後脫模的預澆鑄技術所進行之一體化，尚涵蓋將預先各自成形的耐火層與絕熱層，利用接著原料進行貼附而進行的一體化。該接著原料係可使用例如由以Al2O3、MgO‧Al2O3、ZrO2、SiO2中之任一者為構成成分的原料。As described above, when the refractory layer is composed of an alkaline refractory, and the heat insulating layer is composed of an acidic or neutral raw material, it may be in an acidic or neutral raw material under the high temperature conditions necessary for the alkaline refractory burning. Melting occurs at the boundary surface, which makes it difficult to integrate the two layers by high-temperature firing, and it is known that a refractory layer composed of an alkaline refractory and a heat insulating layer composed of an acidic or neutral material are known. Between the two, the technology of low-heat-conducting insulation (so-called "bottom brick") is attached, but the adhesion between the two layers of this structure is weak, and there is a requirement that the composite refractory cannot be used as a lining material for a rotary kiln. The problem of fixing. On the other hand, in the present invention, a refractory layer composed of an alkali refractory material and a heat insulating layer composed of an acidic or neutral material are integrally formed without being fired, and the refractory layer and the heat insulating layer are formed. The thermal expansion coefficient difference is set to 0~6×10 -6 /K, and the thermal insulation layer is composed of an amorphous material having a low thermal conductivity of 0.2 to 1 W/m ‧ k, thereby solving the above problem, and having a temperature of 1300 ° C In the above high-temperature environment, a double-layer of a refractory layer having an optimum corrosion resistance and an optimum heat-insulating layer for reducing heat loss is used, and a composite refractory capable of achieving an increase in the adhesion between the two layers and an improvement in corrosion resistance can be realized. In the present invention, the term "integration without firing" is not only based on the casting material that first flows into the heat insulating material in the mold frame corresponding to the outer shape of the refractory material, but is also applied to the upper surface by a wave shape stamper. After the waveform is applied, the layer of the heat-insulating material is solidified to some extent, and then the casting material of the refractory material is poured thereon, and after being solidified, the integration of the pre-casting technique after demolding is performed, and the fireproofing of each of the preforms is also included. The layer and the heat insulating layer are integrated by adhesion with a raw material. As the raw material, for example, a raw material containing any one of Al 2 O 3 , MgO‧Al 2 O 3 , ZrO 2 , and SiO 2 as a constituent component can be used.
再者，本發明中，藉由將各層間的邊界面形成凹凸形的構造，亦可達各層間的固著力提升。當形成如第1圖所示波形形狀時，若波的高度較大，應力便會集中於其基部，會有導致層間出現剝離的可能性，因而波的高度最好設在20mm以下，另外若設為如第3圖所示半波形，且將其高度設為10~20mm，便亦不會發生層間剝離情形，可獲得優異的固著力。除此之外，亦可形成如第4圖所示方形突起，但此情況為避免應力集中，最好將基部施行例如45°的倒角加工。Further, in the present invention, by forming the boundary surface between the layers into a concavo-convex structure, the fixing force between the layers can be improved. When the waveform shape as shown in Fig. 1 is formed, if the height of the wave is large, the stress concentrates on the base portion, and there is a possibility that peeling occurs between the layers, so that the height of the wave is preferably set to 20 mm or less. When the half-waveform shown in Fig. 3 is set and the height is set to 10 to 20 mm, interlayer peeling does not occur, and excellent fixing force can be obtained. In addition to this, a square protrusion as shown in Fig. 4 may be formed, but in this case, in order to avoid stress concentration, it is preferable to perform a chamfering process of, for example, 45° on the base.
如第1圖所示，耐火物1的正面11係設為近似等腰梯形的形狀。As shown in Fig. 1, the front surface 11 of the refractory 1 has a shape similar to an isosceles trapezoid.
耐火層2係可為經沖壓施工或流入施工的鹼性不定形材料或鹼性磚中之任一者，波形的邊界面之波頭部係可朝窯殼方向，亦可朝軸方向。The refractory layer 2 may be any of an alkaline amorphous material or an alkaline brick which is subjected to stamping or inflow, and the wave head of the boundary surface of the wave may be directed toward the kiln shell or in the axial direction.
絕熱層4係以Al2O3、SiO2、MgO中至少任一者為構成成分的不定形材料。為將絕熱層4設為0.2~1W/m‧k的低導熱性，最好將中空原料與多孔質原料之其中一者或雙方，在總原料中依合計量添加10~60質量%範圍，或與該中空原料及多孔質原料一起、或者單獨在總原料中添加纖維狀原料1~20質量%範圍而形成。此處，中空原料係可使用例如高鋁紅柱石氣泡、燒磨土氣泡(chamotte bubble)等，而多孔質原料係可使用例如輕量磚屑、珠粒鐵等。又，纖維狀原料係可使用例如海泡石等。若添加量低於上述範圍，便不易確保0.2~1W/m‧k的低導熱性，反之，若過多，便會導致強度降低。The heat insulating layer 4 is an amorphous material containing at least one of Al 2 O 3 , SiO 2 , and MgO as a constituent component. In order to set the heat insulating layer 4 to have a low thermal conductivity of 0.2 to 1 W/m ‧ k, it is preferable that one or both of the hollow raw material and the porous raw material are added in a total amount of 10 to 60% by mass in the total raw material. Alternatively, the hollow raw material and the porous raw material may be added together with the fibrous raw material in a range of 1 to 20% by mass in the total raw material. Here, as the hollow raw material, for example, mullite bubbles, chamotte bubbles, or the like can be used, and for the porous material, for example, lightweight bricks, bead iron, or the like can be used. Further, as the fibrous raw material, for example, sepiolite or the like can be used. If the amount added is less than the above range, it is difficult to ensure a low thermal conductivity of 0.2 to 1 W/m‧k, and if it is too large, the strength is lowered.
藉由在耐火層2與絕熱層4之間，形成以Al2O3、MgO‧Al2O3、ZrO2、SiO2中之至少任一者為構成成分的中間塗佈層3，便可緩和絕熱層4與耐火層2間的熱膨脹差，藉此便可達更加提升耐蝕性與各層間的固著力，屬較佳。中間塗佈層3的厚度最好設為0.1~2mm。By forming an intermediate coating layer 3 having at least one of Al 2 O 3 , MgO‧Al 2 O 3 , ZrO 2 , and SiO 2 as a constituent between the refractory layer 2 and the heat insulating layer 4, It is preferable to alleviate the difference in thermal expansion between the heat insulating layer 4 and the refractory layer 2, whereby the corrosion resistance and the fixing force between the layers are further improved. The thickness of the intermediate coating layer 3 is preferably set to 0.1 to 2 mm.
在相當於耐火層2的外周形狀之模框內，流入表1所示各組成的絕熱鑄件材料，利用波形形狀的壓模在其上面形成波形。絕熱材的層經某程度固化後，再於其上設置表1所示中間塗佈層，經中間塗佈層進行某程度固化後，更流入表1所示各組成的耐火鑄件材料，經固化，施行後脫模，便在未經由燒成的情況下進行一體化，依此製成JISR2103所規定尺寸的複合耐火物樣品，針對以下評估項目進行評估。表1中除相關下述項目的評估及各層的化學組成之外，尚記入絕熱層的物性(絕熱層的熱導率、耐火層與絕熱層的熱膨脹差)。另外，表1中，耐火層的其餘部分、絕熱層的其餘部分、及中間塗佈層的其餘部分係黏結成分。另外，各鑄件材料的組成係設為表1所示各組成。In the mold frame corresponding to the outer peripheral shape of the refractory layer 2, the heat insulating casting material of each composition shown in Table 1 was flown, and a wave shape was formed thereon by a wave-shaped stamper. After the layer of the heat insulating material is cured to some extent, the intermediate coating layer shown in Table 1 is placed thereon, and after being cured to some extent by the intermediate coating layer, the refractory casting material of each composition shown in Table 1 is further poured and cured. After the release, the mold was released, and the composite refractory sample of the size JISR2103 was prepared by the integration, and the following evaluation items were evaluated. In Table 1, in addition to the evaluation of the following items and the chemical composition of each layer, the physical properties of the heat insulating layer (the thermal conductivity of the heat insulating layer, and the difference in thermal expansion between the refractory layer and the heat insulating layer) are also recorded. Further, in Table 1, the remaining portion of the refractory layer, the remainder of the heat insulating layer, and the remainder of the intermediate coating layer were bonded components. Further, the composition of each casting material was set to the respective compositions shown in Table 1.
將預先各自成形的耐火層與絕熱層利用接著原料進行貼附，在未經由燒成的情況下進行一體化，依此便製得JISR2103所規定尺寸的複合耐火物樣品，並針對以下的評估項目進行評估。表1中除相關下述項目的評估及各層的化學組成之外，尚記入絕熱層的物性(絕熱層的熱導率、耐火層與絕熱層的熱膨脹差)。該接著原料係使用以Al2O3、MgO‧Al2O3、ZrO2、SiO2中之任一者為構成成分的原料。另外，實施例11中，耐火層係使用經燒成而成形的磚，絕熱層係使用經非燒成而成形的鑄件，但耐火層與絕熱層的預先各自成形方法，並無特別限制，可均由燒成形成，亦可均由非燒成形成。The refractory layer and the heat insulating layer which were formed in advance were attached by the following raw materials, and they were integrated without being fired. Thus, a composite refractory sample of the size JISR2103 was prepared, and the following evaluation items were obtained. to evaluate. In Table 1, in addition to the evaluation of the following items and the chemical composition of each layer, the physical properties of the heat insulating layer (the thermal conductivity of the heat insulating layer, and the difference in thermal expansion between the refractory layer and the heat insulating layer) are also recorded. As the raw material, a raw material containing any one of Al 2 O 3 , MgO‧Al 2 O 3 , ZrO 2 , and SiO 2 as a constituent component is used. Further, in the eleventh embodiment, the refractory layer is a brick which is formed by firing, and the heat insulating layer is a casting which is formed by non-firing, but the method of forming the refractory layer and the heat insulating layer in advance is not particularly limited. Both are formed by firing, or they may all be formed by non-firing.
若鑄件材的流動性差，成形便無法依照模具模樣進行，會有發生例如「斷裂」之類的問題。此處，藉由將既定施工水分添加於各鑄件材料中，並流入模具中，然後經拆除離型模後，再利用外觀確認進行各層的成形性評估。另外，實施例11的成形性評估係評估絕熱層的成形性。If the fluidity of the cast material is poor, the forming cannot be performed in accordance with the mold pattern, and problems such as "breaking" may occur. Here, the moldability evaluation of each layer is performed by adding the predetermined application moisture to each casting material and flowing into the mold, and then removing the release mold, and then confirming the appearance by the appearance. Further, the formability evaluation of Example 11 was evaluated for the formability of the heat insulating layer.
切取經一體化複合耐火物樣品的絕熱層，根據JISR2553評估強度。The heat insulating layer of the integrated composite refractory sample was cut out, and the strength was evaluated in accordance with JIS R2553.
切取經一體化複合耐火物樣品的耐火/絕熱層之接著部，根據JISR2553評估強度。The joint of the fire-resistant/insulating layer of the integrated composite refractory sample was cut out, and the strength was evaluated in accordance with JIS R2553.
切取經一體化複合耐火物樣品的耐火/絕熱層之接著部，依1300℃評估經燒成後的接著部反應狀況。The joint of the fire-resistant/insulating layer of the integrated composite refractory sample was cut out, and the reaction state after the firing was evaluated at 1300 °C.
切取經一體化複合耐火物樣品的絕熱層，根據JISR2214施行侵蝕試驗並評估。The heat insulating layer of the integrated composite refractory sample was cut out, and an erosion test was performed according to JIS R2214 and evaluated.
相關中間塗佈層的考察：Investigation of the relevant intermediate coating layer:
實施例1、實施例2、實施例5、實施例8、實施例10均未設有中間塗佈層，其他實施例則設有中間塗佈層。由該等的比較中可確認到藉由設有中間塗佈層，便具有耐火/絕熱接著性及耐反應性的提升效果。Example 1, Example 2, Example 5, Example 8, and Example 10 were not provided with an intermediate coating layer, and other examples were provided with an intermediate coating layer. From these comparisons, it was confirmed that the intermediate coating layer was provided to have an effect of improving the fire resistance/adiabatic adhesion and the reactivity resistance.
相關中空原料及多孔質原料或纖維狀原料的添加量考察：The amount of hollow raw materials and porous raw materials or fibrous raw materials added is as follows:
實施例2係中空原料及多孔質原料添加上限量的例子，就從成形性與強度的觀點，確認到較差於其他實施例。In the second embodiment, an example in which the upper limit amount of the hollow raw material and the porous raw material is added is confirmed to be inferior to the other examples from the viewpoint of moldability and strength.
比較例1係中空原料‧多孔質原料、及纖維狀原料的添加量較少之例子，比較例3係中空原料‧多孔質原料、及纖維狀原料均無添加的例子。此情況，均無法獲得本發明絕熱層的熱膨脹係數差(「耐火層與絕熱層的熱膨脹係數差為0~6×10-6/K」及導熱性(「0.2~1W/m‧k的低導熱性」)。如比較例3，若熱膨脹係數差超過6×10-6/K，便無法獲得充分的耐火/絕熱接著性。Comparative Example 1 is an example in which the hollow raw material ‧ the porous raw material and the fibrous raw material are added in a small amount, and the comparative example 3 is an example in which neither the hollow raw material ‧ the porous raw material nor the fibrous raw material is added. This case, both the heat insulating layer can not be obtained according to the present invention, difference in thermal expansion coefficients ( "thermal expansion coefficient of the refractory insulation layer and a difference of 0 ~ 6 × 10 -6 / K 'and a low thermal conductivity (" 0.2 ~ 1W / m‧k of Thermal conductivity "). As in Comparative Example 3, if the difference in thermal expansion coefficient exceeds 6 × 10 -6 /K, sufficient refractory/adiabatic adhesion cannot be obtained.
熱膨脹係數差超過6×10-6/K的例子，無法獲得充分的耐火/絕熱接著性。In the example where the difference in thermal expansion coefficient exceeds 6 × 10 -6 /K, sufficient refractory/adiabatic adhesion cannot be obtained.
絕熱層的導熱性超過1W/m‧k的例子，無法獲得充分的耐火/絕熱接著性。In the example in which the thermal conductivity of the heat insulating layer exceeds 1 W/m‧k, sufficient fire resistance/adiabatic adhesion cannot be obtained.
中空原料‧多孔質原料過剩添加的例子，雖能承受使用，但耐火/絕熱接著性停留於低水準。Examples of excessive addition of hollow raw materials and porous raw materials can withstand use, but the refractory/adiabatic adhesion stays at a low level.
中間塗佈層的厚度超過2mm之例子，雖能承受使用，但耐火/絕熱接著性停留於低水準。Although the thickness of the intermediate coating layer exceeds 2 mm, although it can withstand use, the refractory/adiabatic adhesion stays at a low level.
纖維狀原料過剩添加的例子，雖能承受使用，但耐火/絕熱接著性停留於低水準。An example of excessive addition of fibrous raw materials can withstand use, but the refractory/adiabatic adhesion stays at a low level.
1．．．複合耐火物1. . . Composite refractory
2．．．耐火層2. . . Refractory layer
3．．．中間塗佈層3. . . Intermediate coating layer
4．．．絕熱層4. . . Insulation layer
5．．．窯殼5. . . Kiln shell
11．．．正面11. . . positive
第1圖係實施形態的複合耐火物側視圖。Fig. 1 is a side view of a composite refractory of an embodiment.
第2圖係迴轉窯中所爐襯的第1圖之複合耐火物正視圖。Figure 2 is a front elevational view of the composite refractory of Figure 1 of the lining in a rotary kiln.
第3圖係耐火層與絕熱層的邊界面之側視圖。Figure 3 is a side view of the boundary surface between the refractory layer and the heat insulating layer.
第4圖係耐火層與絕熱層的邊界面之側視圖。Fig. 4 is a side view of the boundary surface between the refractory layer and the heat insulating layer.
1．．．複合耐火物1. . . Composite refractory
2．．．耐火層2. . . Refractory layer
3．．．中間塗佈層3. . . Intermediate coating layer
4．．．絕熱層4. . . Insulation layer
11．．．正面11. . . positive
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| JPH06103153B2 (en) * | 1989-05-16 | 1994-12-14 | 日本碍子株式会社 | Refractory for rotary kiln |
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| JP4890968B2 (en) * | 2006-06-27 | 2012-03-07 | 黒崎播磨株式会社 | Low thermal expansion ceramic joined body and manufacturing method thereof |
| JP2008247720A (en) * | 2007-03-30 | 2008-10-16 | Nichias Corp | Monolithic refractory forming material and monolithic refractory formed body |
| CN201407902Y (en) * | 2009-05-18 | 2010-02-17 | 北京京诚凤凰工业炉工程技术有限公司 | Composite fiber furnace lining and annular furnace with same |
-
2011
- 2011-04-15 KR KR1020110035324A patent/KR101758926B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2011-04-19 TW TW100113486A patent/TWI527698B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2011-04-27 JP JP2011099453A patent/JP5553793B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-05-09 CN CN201110120222.3A patent/CN102249707B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN102249707A (en) | 2011-11-23 |
| CN102249707B (en) | 2015-04-08 |
| KR20110123656A (en) | 2011-11-15 |
| JP5553793B2 (en) | 2014-07-16 |
| KR101758926B1 (en) | 2017-07-17 |
| JP2011252696A (en) | 2011-12-15 |
| TW201139143A (en) | 2011-11-16 |
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