TWI526986B - Virtual positioning board and construction detecting method using the same - Google Patents
Virtual positioning board and construction detecting method using the same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TWI526986B TWI526986B TW104106895A TW104106895A TWI526986B TW I526986 B TWI526986 B TW I526986B TW 104106895 A TW104106895 A TW 104106895A TW 104106895 A TW104106895 A TW 104106895A TW I526986 B TWI526986 B TW I526986B
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- virtual positioning
- point
- positioning plate
- building
- reference point
- Prior art date
Links
Landscapes
- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
Description
本發明是一種應用於三維雷射掃描系統中佈排於建物或其週邊基準點的虛擬定位板。 The invention is a virtual positioning board which is applied to a three-dimensional laser scanning system and arranged in a reference point of a building or its periphery.
關於物之數位立體呈像可採用三維雷射掃描系統完成。三維雷射掃描儀取得物之各面的點雲資料,後端軟體將該點雲資料建構成該物之數位立體影像。依據物的屬性不同,選用不同的三維雷射掃描儀及軟體。關於建物(建築、古蹟、遺址、考古場址)等大型空間實物之數位立體呈像需採用三維雷射掃描系統中的地載光達(LiDAR)達成。因地載光達本身的條件限制以及因建物實體空間過大、過於複雜、部分建物實體被其他物遮蔽或週邊環境因素等之影響,地載光達執行大型建物掃描時通常需要兩個甚至兩個以上的測站才能進行完整的掃描,測站的安置點分別位在建物週邊的不同方位,軟體取得各測站的點雲資料後,需將之拚接以整合出完整的360度點雲圖像,點雲圖像和資料可再透過其他輔助軟體做許多不同的檔案轉換而做不同的應用。軟體拚接各測站的點雲資料時需要通過數個基準點才能準確對合,基準點是透過設置在建物本身或其週邊之數個特徵物所構成,三維掃描儀於各測站掃描建物的同時也一併將基準點掃描進來。 The digital stereoscopic image of the object can be completed using a three-dimensional laser scanning system. The three-dimensional laser scanner acquires point cloud data on each side of the object, and the back-end software constructs the point cloud data to form a digital stereo image of the object. Different three-dimensional laser scanners and software are used depending on the properties of the objects. Digital stereoscopic representations of large-scale physical objects such as buildings (architecture, monuments, sites, archaeological sites) are achieved using the ground-borne light (LiDAR) in a three-dimensional laser scanning system. Due to the conditional limitations of the ground-borne light itself and the excessively large, too complex space of the building entity, the obscuration of some building entities by other objects or the surrounding environmental factors, it usually takes two or even two to carry out large-scale construction scanning. The above stations can only perform a complete scan. The resettlement points of the stations are located at different positions around the building. After the software obtains the point cloud data of each station, it needs to be spliced to integrate the complete 360-degree point cloud map. For example, point cloud images and data can be used for different applications by doing many different file conversions through other auxiliary software. When the software stitches the point cloud data of each station, it needs to pass several reference points to accurately match. The reference point is composed of several features set in or around the building itself, and the 3D scanner scans the building at each station. At the same time, the reference point is also scanned in.
基準點設立的困難之一在於其佈排位置,但這個困難可以透過訓練有素的專業人員在現場探勘後而獲得解決。 One of the difficulties in establishing a benchmark is its layout, but this difficulty can be solved by field training after training by trained professionals.
基準點設立的困難之二在於設置特徵物時不能損害到建物本身或其週邊,換言之,特徵物不能以外力手段(例如釘固、鎖固...)將其「固定」在基準點;特別是建物本身屬於古蹟、遺址、考古場址...等,以外力將特徵物固定於基準點勢必使得建物遭到二次破壞;除此之外,某些建物(例如橋樑、橋墩、隧道...)之結構學極為精密,若以外力手段於基準點設置特徵物,可能損及建物的支承力、力平衡、荷重、剪力、彎度...等。 The second difficulty in establishing a reference point is that the feature cannot be damaged to the structure itself or its surroundings. In other words, the feature cannot be fixed at the reference point by external force means (such as nailing, locking...); The building itself belongs to the monuments, ruins, archaeological sites, etc., and the external force will fix the features on the reference point, which will cause the building to be destroyed twice; in addition, some buildings (such as bridges, piers, tunnels). ..) The structure is extremely precise. If external forces are used to set features at the reference point, the supporting force, force balance, load, shear, and camber of the building may be damaged.
基準點設立的困難之三在於,建物監測若需在不同時間分別進行第一次、第二次、第三次...的三維雷射掃描及點雲資料建立時(例如橋樑裂縫監測...),每一次的基準點必需是相同的,如此才能透過軟體重建計算出建物的變量;然而若不能以外力手段固定特徵物,或者是不能以外力手段於地面或物面留下記錄痕跡將第一次的基準點保存下來,那麼第二次、第三次掃描時如何使第一次設立的基準點重現? The third difficulty in setting up the benchmark point is that if the building monitoring needs to perform the first, second, third... three-dimensional laser scanning and point cloud data establishment at different times (such as bridge crack monitoring: .), each time the reference point must be the same, in order to calculate the variable of the building through software reconstruction; however, if the feature cannot be fixed by external force, or the external force can not leave traces on the ground or object The first benchmark is saved, so how do you make the first benchmark set up for the second and third scans?
本發明提供一種虛擬定位板,該虛擬定位板可以解決上述困難點二與三。 The invention provides a virtual positioning board, which can solve the above difficulties 2 and 3.
本發明之虛擬定位板,包括一幾何形狀具預定厚度之板體,該虛擬定位板具有相異的第一表面和第二表面;該第一表面具有數個色塊,該色塊是由可被三維雷射掃描儀掃描之塗料塗佈所構成;該數個色塊構成通過該虛擬定位板之中心點的一第一基準線和一第二基準線,該第一基準線和第二基準線直角相交於該虛擬定位板之中心點。該第一表面更包含以該中心點為圓心的一第一心圓,該第一心圓以及通過其內的第一基準線和第二基準線形成該第一表面之第一定標;該第二表面具有兩個色塊,該色塊 是由可被三維雷射掃描儀掃描之塗料塗佈所構成,該二色塊於該第二表面形成一以該虛擬定位板之中心點為圓心的第二心圓,該第二心圓之中心點具有一十字絲線標,該第二心圓以及該十字絲線標構成該第二表面的第二定標。 The virtual positioning plate of the present invention comprises a plate having a geometric shape having a predetermined thickness, the virtual positioning plate having a first surface and a second surface; the first surface has a plurality of color blocks, and the color block is Formed by a coating of a coating scanned by a three-dimensional laser scanner; the plurality of color patches constitute a first reference line and a second reference line passing through a center point of the virtual positioning plate, the first reference line and the second reference line The right angle of the line intersects at the center point of the virtual positioning plate. The first surface further includes a first core circle centered on the center point, the first core circle and a first calibration line and a second reference line formed therein forming a first calibration of the first surface; The second surface has two color patches, the color patches Is composed of a coating coating that can be scanned by a three-dimensional laser scanner, and the two color blocks form a second center circle on the second surface centered on a center point of the virtual positioning plate, the second heart circle The center point has a crosshair mark, and the second heart circle and the crosshair mark constitute a second scale of the second surface.
更進一步的,該第一心圓和第二心圓為透明區域。 Further, the first and second circles are transparent regions.
更進一步的,該虛擬定位板之材質包含但不限於塑料、金屬。該虛擬定位板之厚度包含但不限於1mm~4mm。該虛擬定位板之輪廓形狀可為矩形、圓形、或各式幾何形狀。該虛擬定位板之輪廓尺寸可依實際需要而決定。 Further, the material of the virtual positioning plate includes, but is not limited to, plastic and metal. The thickness of the virtual positioning plate includes, but is not limited to, 1 mm to 4 mm. The contour shape of the virtual positioning plate may be a rectangle, a circle, or a variety of geometric shapes. The outline size of the virtual positioning plate can be determined according to actual needs.
更進一步的,該第一表面之色塊包括至少兩個第一色塊以及至少兩個第二色塊;該第一色塊和該第二色塊交錯佈置於該第一表面,該第一色塊可為淺色系或白色系,該第二色塊之色系為該第一色塊之對比色系。 Further, the color block of the first surface includes at least two first color blocks and at least two second color blocks; the first color block and the second color block are alternately arranged on the first surface, the first The color block may be a light color or a white color, and the color of the second color block is a contrast color system of the first color block.
更進一步的,該第一表面之色塊的形狀為矩形,數量為四個。各個色塊的形狀、面積相同。 Further, the color patches of the first surface have a rectangular shape and the number is four. Each color block has the same shape and area.
更進一步的,該第二心圓的顏色為淺色系或白色系,其週圍之色系為該第二心圓之對比色系,用以突顯該第二心圓。 Further, the color of the second center circle is a light color or a white color, and the color around the second color circle is a contrast color system of the second heart circle for highlighting the second heart circle.
更進一步的,該塗料為高反射率塗料。 Further, the coating is a high reflectivity coating.
應用該虛擬定位板之建物檢測方法,包括:對一建物進行現場堪察,以確認三維雷射掃描儀應設之測站位置、測站數目;依據各個測站位置及三維雷射掃描儀的掃描角度,於該建物及/或該建物的週邊設定數個掃描基準點; 於該每個掃描基準點水平放置或直立放置一該虛擬定位板;每個測站以該三維雷射掃描儀對建物以及該基準點進行掃描,以獲取各測站關於該建物和該基準點之點雲資料;一軟體接收及計算該建物和該基準點之點雲資料,並解讀各個點雲的三維座標,以該基準點之中心疊套各測站之該建物的點雲資料,以構成該建物之三維點雲圖像及資料。 The method for detecting the construction of the virtual positioning plate comprises: conducting on-site inspection of a building to confirm the position of the station and the number of stations of the three-dimensional laser scanner; according to the position of each station and the three-dimensional laser scanner Scanning angle, setting a plurality of scanning reference points around the building and/or the building; Positioning or erecting a virtual positioning plate horizontally at each scanning reference point; each station scanning the building and the reference point with the three-dimensional laser scanner to obtain the stations and the reference point for each station Point cloud data; a software receiving and calculating the point cloud data of the building and the reference point, and interpreting the three-dimensional coordinates of each point cloud, and stacking the point cloud data of the building of each station at the center of the reference point The three-dimensional point cloud image and data constituting the building.
以本發明之虛擬定位板設立基準點的方式之一,係利用該虛擬定位板之第一表面的第一基準線和一第二基準線分別直線對應一具體的、位置固定不變動的標的參考點,據此,該虛擬定位板第一表面的第一定標的所在位置即為基準點。可以本發明之虛擬定位板設立基準點的方式之二,係利用該虛擬定位板之第二表面的十字絲線標的X軸和Y軸分別線對應一具體的、位置固定不變動的標的參考點,據此,該虛擬定位板第二表面的第二定標的所在位置即為基準點。 One of the methods for setting a reference point by using the virtual positioning board of the present invention is that a first reference line and a second reference line of the first surface of the virtual positioning board are respectively linearly corresponding to a specific target with a fixed position and no change. According to this, the position of the first calibration of the first surface of the virtual positioning plate is the reference point. The second method of setting the reference point by the virtual positioning plate of the present invention is that the X-axis and the Y-axis respectively of the cross-hair mark of the second surface of the virtual positioning plate are respectively corresponding to a specific reference point whose position is not fixed. Accordingly, the position of the second calibration of the second surface of the virtual positioning plate is the reference point.
以本發明之虛擬定位板設立基準點的方式之三,係利用該第一定標或第二定標的中心點以一預定之直線距離對應一具體的、位置固定不變動的標的參考點。 The third method for establishing the reference point by the virtual positioning board of the present invention is to use a center point of the first calibration or the second calibration to correspond to a specific reference point of a fixed position whose position is not fixed by a predetermined linear distance.
記錄本發明之基準點的方法,包括以數位相機拍攝及記錄該虛擬定位板之第一定標或第二定標與標的參考點之位置、距離等對應關係,將基準點的位置記錄保存下來。 The method for recording the reference point of the present invention comprises: taking a digital camera to capture and record the correspondence between the first calibration or the second calibration of the virtual positioning plate and the position and distance of the target reference point, and storing the position record of the reference point. .
本發明之功效: The effect of the invention:
所述虛擬定位板以第一表面朝上的方式水平擺置於上述基準 點,供三維雷射掃描儀掃描。 The virtual positioning plate is horizontally placed on the reference with the first surface facing upward Point for scanning by a 3D laser scanner.
所述虛擬定位板以第一表面朝向該測站的方式垂直設置於上述基準點。 The virtual positioning plate is vertically disposed at the reference point in such a manner that the first surface faces the station.
所述虛擬定位板以第二表面貼附於該建物表面的基準點,該第一表面供三維雷射掃描儀掃描。 The virtual positioning plate is attached to a reference point of the surface of the building with a second surface, the first surface being scanned by a three-dimensional laser scanner.
所述虛擬定位板以第一表面貼附於該建物表面的基準點,該第二表面供三維雷射掃描儀掃描。 The virtual positioning plate is attached to a reference point of the surface of the building with a first surface, and the second surface is scanned by a three-dimensional laser scanner.
虛擬定位板可擺置、透過支撐物直立或黏貼於基準點,對於基準點的表面不做任何結構性的破壞,避免古蹟、遺址、考古場址之類的建物因三維掃描而遭到二次破壞。 The virtual positioning plate can be placed, erected or adhered to the reference point through the support, and does not cause any structural damage to the surface of the reference point, so as to avoid the construction of monuments, sites, archaeological sites and the like due to three-dimensional scanning. damage.
基準點的記錄不必經由外力手段於地面或物面留下記錄痕跡,而是透過拍照記錄的方式將第一次基準點的位置保存下來。完成三維雷射掃描後,可將虛擬定位板撤離基準點。若需於不同時段進行第二次、第三次...的三維雷射掃描及點雲資料建立時,可參考第一次基準點的拍照記錄,基準點的位置即可重現,將虛擬定位板可再準確的擺置於基準點。 The recording of the reference point does not need to leave a recording mark on the ground or the object surface by external force means, but the position of the first reference point is saved by means of photographing and recording. After completing the 3D laser scan, the virtual locator can be removed from the datum point. If you need to perform the second and third time of the 3D laser scanning and point cloud data establishment in different time periods, you can refer to the photo record of the first reference point, the position of the reference point can be reproduced, and the virtual point will be virtualized. The positioning plate can be placed accurately at the reference point.
三維雷射掃描儀獲取各測站之建物以及基準點之虛擬定位板的點雲資料,後端軟體可透過該虛擬定位板第一表面及第一定標或第二表面及第二定標之結構特徵之點雲資料迅速計算取得該基準點的中心位置座標,並以該中心位置座標做為套疊各測站之建物點雲資料之特徵點。 The three-dimensional laser scanner acquires point cloud data of each station and the virtual positioning board of the reference point, and the back end software can pass through the first surface of the virtual positioning board and the first or second surface and the second calibration The point cloud data of the structural feature is quickly calculated to obtain the central position coordinate of the reference point, and the central position coordinate is used as a feature point for nesting the point cloud data of each station.
本發明之虛擬定位板可視掃描基準點的環境狀況選擇以第一表面做為掃描面或第二表面做為掃描面。因此,本發明之虛擬定位板可適合各式大型空間或複雜建物之各基準點佈排。 The virtual positioning plate of the present invention selects the first surface as the scanning surface or the second surface as the scanning surface according to the environmental condition of the scanning reference point. Therefore, the virtual positioning plate of the present invention can be adapted to various reference points of various large spaces or complex structures.
本發明之虛擬定位板為板形結構體,因此攜帶方便,基準點佈排採取水平擺放、支撐物支撐而直立、或黏貼於建物表面,容易操作實施。 The virtual positioning plate of the invention is a plate-shaped structure body, so that it is easy to carry, and the reference point cloth row is horizontally placed, supported by the support, erected, or adhered to the surface of the building, and is easy to operate and implement.
不論虛擬定位板以何種角度設置,由三維雷射掃描儀所取得的點雲資料都可透過該第一定標和第二定標取得中心點的點雲座標。 Regardless of the angle at which the virtual positioning plate is set, the point cloud data obtained by the three-dimensional laser scanner can obtain the point cloud coordinates of the center point through the first calibration and the second calibration.
1‧‧‧建物 1‧‧‧Buildings
2‧‧‧測站 2‧‧‧Station
3‧‧‧基準點 3‧‧‧ benchmark
10‧‧‧虛擬定位板 10‧‧‧virtual positioning board
12‧‧‧中心點 12‧‧‧ center point
20‧‧‧第一表面 20‧‧‧ first surface
21‧‧‧第一色塊 21‧‧‧First color block
22‧‧‧第二色塊 22‧‧‧Second color block
23‧‧‧第一基準線 23‧‧‧First baseline
24‧‧‧第二基準線 24‧‧‧second baseline
25‧‧‧第一心圓 25‧‧‧First heart
26‧‧‧第一定標 26‧‧‧ first calibration
30‧‧‧第二表面 30‧‧‧ second surface
31‧‧‧色塊 31‧‧‧ color blocks
32‧‧‧色塊 32‧‧‧ color blocks
33‧‧‧第二心圓 33‧‧‧Second heart
34‧‧‧十字絲線標 34‧‧‧cross wire mark
36‧‧‧第二定標 36‧‧‧second calibration
第一圖為本發明虛擬定位板之正面圖。 The first figure is a front view of the virtual positioning board of the present invention.
第二圖為本發明虛擬定位板之背面圖。 The second figure is a rear view of the virtual positioning board of the present invention.
第三圖為本發明虛擬定位板佈排於大型建物之各測站週邊之示意圖。 The third figure is a schematic view of the virtual positioning board cloth arranged in the periphery of each station of a large-scale building.
為便於說明本發明於上述發明內容一欄中所表示的中心思想,茲以具體實施例表達。實施例中各種不同物件係按適於說明之比例、尺寸、變形量或位移量而描繪,而非按實際元件的比例予以繪製,合先敘明。 For the convenience of the description, the central idea expressed by the present invention in the column of the above summary of the invention is expressed by the specific embodiments. Various items in the embodiments are depicted in terms of ratios, dimensions, amounts of deformation, or displacements that are suitable for illustration, and are not drawn to the proportions of actual elements, as set forth above.
如第一、二圖,本發明之虛擬定位板10,是一幾何形狀具預定厚度之板體,該虛擬定位板10具有相異的一第一表面20和一第二表面30。該虛擬定位板10之材質包含但不限於塑料、金屬或複合材料。該虛擬定位板10之厚度包含但不限於1mm~4mm。該虛擬定位板10之輪廓形狀可為矩形、圓形、或各式幾何形狀。該虛擬定位板10之輪廓尺寸可依實際需要而決定。 As shown in the first and second figures, the virtual positioning plate 10 of the present invention is a plate having a geometric shape having a predetermined thickness, and the virtual positioning plate 10 has a first surface 20 and a second surface 30 which are different from each other. The material of the virtual positioning plate 10 includes, but is not limited to, plastic, metal or composite materials. The thickness of the virtual positioning plate 10 includes, but is not limited to, 1 mm to 4 mm. The outline shape of the virtual positioning plate 10 may be a rectangle, a circle, or a variety of geometric shapes. The outline size of the virtual positioning plate 10 can be determined according to actual needs.
該第一表面20具有數個色塊,該色塊是由可被三維雷射掃描儀掃描之高反射率塗料塗佈所構成;該數個色塊構成通過該虛擬定位板10之中心點12的一第一基準線23和一第二基準線24,該第一基準線23和第二基準 線24直角相交於該虛擬定位板10之中心點12。該第一表面20更包含以該中心點12為圓心的一第一心圓25,該第一心圓25以及通過其內的第一基準線23和第二基準線24形成該第一表面20之第一定標26。在實施例中,該第一表面20之色塊包括至少兩個第一色塊21以及至少兩個第二色塊22;每一色塊21,22的形狀為矩形,每一色塊21,22占據該第一表面20的四分之一面積。該第一色塊21和該第二色塊22交錯佈置於該第一表面20,該第一色塊21可為淺色系或白色系,該第二色塊22之色系為該第一色塊之對比色系,所述的第一基準線23和第二基準線24是由該第二色塊22的邊相連構成。該第一心圓25為一透明區塊,為突顯該第一定標26中的第一基準線23、第二基準線24和中心點12。 The first surface 20 has a plurality of color patches that are formed by a high reflectivity coating that can be scanned by a three-dimensional laser scanner; the plurality of color patches form a center point 12 through the virtual positioning plate 10. a first reference line 23 and a second reference line 24, the first reference line 23 and the second reference The line 24 intersects at a right angle to the center point 12 of the virtual positioning plate 10. The first surface 20 further includes a first core 25 centered on the center point 12, and the first core 25 and the first reference line 23 and the second reference line 24 therein form the first surface 20 The first calibration is 26. In an embodiment, the color block of the first surface 20 includes at least two first color blocks 21 and at least two second color blocks 22; each color block 21, 22 has a rectangular shape, and each color block 21, 22 occupies One quarter of the area of the first surface 20. The first color block 21 and the second color block 22 are alternately arranged on the first surface 20, and the first color block 21 may be a light color system or a white color system, and the color of the second color block 22 is the first color. The contrasting color of the color patches is such that the first reference line 23 and the second reference line 24 are connected by the sides of the second color block 22. The first circle 25 is a transparent block for highlighting the first reference line 23, the second reference line 24 and the center point 12 in the first scale 26.
該第二表面30具有兩個色塊31,32,該色塊31,32是由可被三維雷射掃描儀掃描之高反射率塗料塗佈所構成,該二色塊31,32於該第二表面30形成一以該虛擬定位板10之中心點12為圓心的第二心圓33,該第二心圓33之中心點具有一十字絲線標34,該第二心圓33以及該十字絲線標34構成該第二表面30的第二定標36。該第二心圓33為一透明區塊,用以突顯該十字絲線標34。上述第一心圓25和第二心圓25為相同半徑的圓。 The second surface 30 has two color blocks 31, 32 which are formed by high reflectivity coating which can be scanned by a three-dimensional laser scanner, the two color blocks 31, 32 being The second surface 30 forms a second core 33 centered on the center point 12 of the virtual positioning plate 10, and the center point of the second core 33 has a crosshair 34, the second core 33 and the crosshair The index 34 constitutes a second scale 36 of the second surface 30. The second core 33 is a transparent block for highlighting the crosshair 34. The first heart circle 25 and the second heart circle 25 are circles having the same radius.
本發明之虛擬定位板是與習知的地載光達(三維雷射掃描儀及軟體)配合進行大型空間、大型體積、或複雜形狀之建物進行三維雷射掃描以獲取點雲資料,基於地載光達本身的條件限制以及因待測物實體或空間過大、過於複雜、部分實體被其他物遮蔽或週邊環境因素等之影響,地載光達執行這一類的掃描時通常需要兩個甚至兩個以上的測站才能進行完整的掃描,如第三圖,多個測站2的安置點分別位在建物1週邊的不同方位,而 每一測站的地載光達掃描範圍中必需包含數個(至少三個)基準點3,該基準點3包括建物的表面及/或建物的週邊,各測站2和各個基準點3的位置和佈排是經由專業人員現場探堪後依實際狀況而決定。 The virtual positioning board of the present invention cooperates with a conventional light-carrying (three-dimensional laser scanner and software) to perform large-dimensional, large-volume, or complex-shaped structures for three-dimensional laser scanning to acquire point cloud data, based on ground. The conditional limitations of the light-carrying itself and the fact that the physical or spatial space of the object to be tested is too large, too complex, some entities are obscured by other objects or surrounding environmental factors, etc., usually require two or even two to perform such scanning. More than one station can perform a complete scan. As shown in the third figure, the placement points of multiple stations 2 are located at different positions around the building 1, respectively. The ground-borne light of each station must include several (at least three) reference points 3 in the scan range, including the surface of the building and/or the perimeter of the building, each station 2 and each reference point 3. The location and layout are determined by the actual situation on the spot.
本發明之虛擬定位板10被設置於該基準點3,所述虛擬定位板10以第一表面20朝上的方式水平擺置於上述基準點,供三維雷射掃描儀掃描。該虛擬定位板10亦得以第一表面20朝向該測站的方式垂直設置於上述基準點。所述虛擬定位板10以第二表面30貼附於該建物表面的基準點,該第一表面20供三維雷射掃描儀掃描。所述虛擬定位板10以第一表面20貼附於該建物表面的基準點,該第二表面30供三維雷射掃描儀掃描。該虛擬定位板可水平擺置、透過支撐物直立或黏貼於基準點,對於基準點的表面不做任何結構性的破壞。 The virtual positioning plate 10 of the present invention is disposed at the reference point 3, and the virtual positioning plate 10 is horizontally placed on the reference point with the first surface 20 facing upward for scanning by the three-dimensional laser scanner. The virtual positioning plate 10 is also vertically disposed at the reference point in such a manner that the first surface 20 faces the station. The virtual positioning plate 10 is attached to a reference point of the surface of the building with a second surface 30 for scanning by a three-dimensional laser scanner. The virtual positioning plate 10 is attached to the reference point of the building surface with the first surface 20, and the second surface 30 is scanned by the three-dimensional laser scanner. The virtual positioning plate can be horizontally placed, erected or adhered to the reference point through the support, and does not cause any structural damage to the surface of the reference point.
以該虛擬定位板10設立基準點的方式之一,係利用該虛擬定位板之第一表面20的第一基準線23和一第二基準線24分別直線對應一具體的、位置固定不變動的標的參考點(例如:建物之邊、建物之角、或其他可做為參考之具體物),據此,該虛擬定位板第一表面20的第一定標26的所在位置即為基準點。 One of the manners for establishing the reference point by the virtual positioning plate 10 is that the first reference line 23 and the second reference line 24 of the first surface 20 of the virtual positioning plate respectively correspond to a specific, fixed position and does not change. The reference point of the target (for example, the edge of the building, the corner of the building, or other concrete object as a reference), according to which the position of the first calibration 26 of the first surface 20 of the virtual positioning plate is the reference point.
以本發明之虛擬定位板設立基準點的方式之二,係利用該虛擬定位板之第二表面30的十字絲線標34的X軸和Y軸分別線對應一具體的、位置固定不變動的標的參考點(例如:建物之邊、建物之角、或其他可做為參考之具體物),據此,該虛擬定位板第二表面30的第二定標36的所在位置即為基準點。 The second method for establishing the reference point by the virtual positioning plate of the present invention is that the X-axis and the Y-axis of the cross-hair mark 34 of the second surface 30 of the virtual positioning plate respectively correspond to a specific target whose position is fixed and does not change. The reference point (for example, the edge of the building, the corner of the building, or other concrete object as a reference), according to which the position of the second scale 36 of the second surface 30 of the virtual positioning plate is the reference point.
以本發明之虛擬定位板設立基準點的方式之三,係利用該第一定 標26或第二定標36的中心點以一預定之直線距離對應一具體的、位置固定不變動的標的參考點(例如:建物之邊、建物之角、或其他可做為參考之具體物)。 The third method of establishing a reference point by using the virtual positioning board of the present invention is to utilize the first setting The center point of the mark 26 or the second scale 36 corresponds to a specific target position whose fixed position does not change with a predetermined straight line distance (for example, the edge of the building, the angle of the building, or other concrete objects that can be used as a reference. ).
除上述方法之外,任何其他可行的方式都可以按實地狀況實現基準點之設立。 In addition to the above methods, any other feasible way can be used to establish the benchmarks on the ground.
各測站的地載光達掃描建物以及所包含之基準點的虛擬定位板10,從而獲取各測站之建物和虛擬定位板10的點雲資料,後端軟體可透過該虛擬定位板10之第一表面20及第一定標26或第二表面30及第二定標36之結構特徵之點雲資料迅速計算取得該基準點的中心位置座標,並以該中心位置座標做為套疊各測站之建物點雲資料之特徵點。 The ground carrying light of each station reaches the virtual positioning board 10 of the scanned building and the included reference point, thereby acquiring the point cloud data of each station and the virtual positioning board 10, and the back end software can pass through the virtual positioning board 10 The point cloud data of the first surface 20 and the first calibration 26 or the second surface 30 and the second calibration 36 are quickly calculated to obtain the central position coordinates of the reference point, and the central position coordinates are used as the nesting The characteristic point of the point cloud data of the station.
綜上所述,應用該虛擬定位板10之建物檢測方法,包括:對一建物進行現場堪察,以確認三維雷射掃描儀應設之測站位置、測站數目;依據各個測站位置及三維雷射掃描儀的掃描角度,於該建物及/或該建物的週邊設立數個掃描基準點;於該每個掃描基準點水平設置或直立設置一該虛擬定位板;每個測站以該三維雷射掃描儀對建物以及該基準點進行掃描,以獲取各測站關於該建物和該基準點之點雲資料;一軟體接收及計算該建物和該基準點之點雲資料,並解讀各個點雲的三維座標,以該基準點之中心疊套各測站之該建物的點雲資料,以構成該建物之三維點雲圖像及資料。 In summary, the method for detecting the structure of the virtual positioning board 10 includes: performing on-site inspection of a building to confirm the position of the station and the number of stations to be set by the three-dimensional laser scanner; a scanning angle of the three-dimensional laser scanner, a plurality of scanning reference points are set at the periphery of the building and/or the building; and the virtual positioning board is horizontally disposed or erected at each scanning reference point; The three-dimensional laser scanner scans the building and the reference point to obtain point cloud data about the building and the reference point of each station; a software receives and calculates the point cloud data of the building and the reference point, and interprets each The three-dimensional coordinates of the point cloud are used to nest the point cloud data of the building at each station at the center of the reference point to form a three-dimensional point cloud image and data of the building.
完成三維雷射掃描之後,可將各基準點的虛擬定位板10撤走。然而,在撤走之前,若考量日後仍需進行第二次、第三次...的三維雷射掃描,且需使用相同基準點時,應將第一次所佈排的所有基準點記錄下來。 After the three-dimensional laser scanning is completed, the virtual positioning plate 10 of each reference point can be removed. However, before the withdrawal, if it is necessary to carry out the second and third three-dimensional laser scanning in the future, and the same reference point is used, all the reference points of the first arrangement should be recorded. Come down.
記錄本發明之基準點的方法,包括以數位相機拍攝及記錄該虛擬定位板10之第一定標26或第二定標36與標的參考點之位置、距離等對應關係,將基準點的位置記錄保存下來。基準點的記錄不必經由外力手段於地面或物面留下記錄痕跡,而是透過拍照記錄的方式將第一次基準點的位置保存下來,日後進行第二次、第三次...的三維雷射掃描及點雲資料建立時,可參考第一次基準點的拍照記錄,基準點的位置即可重現,將虛擬定位板再準確的擺置於基準點即可。 A method for recording a reference point of the present invention includes photographing and recording a correspondence between a first scale 26 or a second scale 36 of the virtual positioning plate 10 and a position, a distance, and the like of the target reference point by a digital camera, and positioning the reference point The record is saved. The record of the reference point does not need to leave a record mark on the ground or the object surface by means of external force, but saves the position of the first reference point by means of photo recording, and then performs the second and third times of the third time. When the laser scanning and point cloud data are established, the camera record of the first reference point can be referred to, and the position of the reference point can be reproduced, and the virtual positioning board can be accurately placed on the reference point.
10‧‧‧虛擬定位板 10‧‧‧virtual positioning board
12‧‧‧中心點 12‧‧‧ center point
20‧‧‧第一表面 20‧‧‧ first surface
21‧‧‧第一色塊 21‧‧‧First color block
22‧‧‧第二色塊 22‧‧‧Second color block
23‧‧‧第一基準線 23‧‧‧First baseline
24‧‧‧第二基準線 24‧‧‧second baseline
25‧‧‧第一心圓 25‧‧‧First heart
26‧‧‧第一定標 26‧‧‧ first calibration
Claims (7)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
TW104106895A TWI526986B (en) | 2015-03-04 | 2015-03-04 | Virtual positioning board and construction detecting method using the same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
TW104106895A TWI526986B (en) | 2015-03-04 | 2015-03-04 | Virtual positioning board and construction detecting method using the same |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
TWI526986B true TWI526986B (en) | 2016-03-21 |
TW201633257A TW201633257A (en) | 2016-09-16 |
Family
ID=56085513
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
TW104106895A TWI526986B (en) | 2015-03-04 | 2015-03-04 | Virtual positioning board and construction detecting method using the same |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
TW (1) | TWI526986B (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
TWI810688B (en) * | 2021-10-25 | 2023-08-01 | 財團法人中興工程顧問社 | Intelligent displacement monitoring system and method thereof |
-
2015
- 2015-03-04 TW TW104106895A patent/TWI526986B/en active
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
TWI810688B (en) * | 2021-10-25 | 2023-08-01 | 財團法人中興工程顧問社 | Intelligent displacement monitoring system and method thereof |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
TW201633257A (en) | 2016-09-16 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN111473739B (en) | Video monitoring-based surrounding rock deformation real-time monitoring method for tunnel collapse area | |
CN108759669B (en) | Indoor self-positioning three-dimensional scanning method and system | |
Herráez et al. | 3D modeling by means of videogrammetry and laser scanners for reverse engineering | |
CN110956660B (en) | Positioning method, robot, and computer storage medium | |
CN102834691B (en) | Surveying method | |
CN111220130B (en) | Focusing measurement method and terminal capable of measuring object at any position in space | |
KR101759798B1 (en) | Method, device and system for generating an indoor two dimensional plan view image | |
CN104567727A (en) | Three-dimensional target and global unified calibration method for linear structured light profile sensor | |
CN109580649A (en) | A kind of identification of engineering structure surface crack and projection modification method and system | |
JP2019144191A (en) | Image processing system, image processing method and program for inspecting structure such as bridge | |
WO2023273108A1 (en) | Monocular distance measurement method and apparatus, and intelligent apparatus | |
JP2007147522A (en) | Photogrammetry and photogrammetry program | |
JP2980195B2 (en) | Method and apparatus for measuring rebar diameter | |
JP2007212187A (en) | Stereo photogrammetry system, stereo photogrammetry method, and stereo photogrammetry program | |
TWI526986B (en) | Virtual positioning board and construction detecting method using the same | |
CN113012238A (en) | Method for rapid calibration and data fusion of multi-depth camera | |
JP7173779B2 (en) | Structure measurement method and measurement system | |
Lee et al. | Finding the displacement of wood structure in heritage building by 3D laser scanner | |
JP2014035340A (en) | System and method for measuring installation accuracy of construction members | |
CN114485479B (en) | Structured light scanning and measuring method and system based on binocular camera and inertial navigation | |
CN113884104B (en) | Multi-sensor joint calibration method and device and electronic equipment | |
CN209820423U (en) | Auxiliary target screen device for rapid calibration of laser plane space equation | |
JP4846304B2 (en) | Camera posture grasp method, photogrammetry method using the same, and programs thereof | |
JP5586414B2 (en) | Bar arrangement information acquisition apparatus and bar arrangement information acquisition method | |
US20230334809A1 (en) | Three-dimensional data scale setting method and three-dimensional data scale setting program |