TWI519290B - 增能眼用透鏡組件之啟動裝置及啟動方法 - Google Patents
增能眼用透鏡組件之啟動裝置及啟動方法 Download PDFInfo
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- A61F9/00—Methods or devices for treatment of the eyes; Devices for putting-in contact lenses; Devices to correct squinting; Apparatus to guide the blind; Protective devices for the eyes, carried on the body or in the hand
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Description
本發明主張美國第61/108,957號專利臨時申請案的優先權，發明名稱是增能眼用透鏡組件之啟動裝置及啟動方法(apparatus and method for activation of components of an energized ophthalmic lens)，申請日是2008年10月28日，其內容為本案之依據並納入本案。
本發明係有關於用來啟動生醫設備之裝置及方法。且特別有關於對於一生醫設備組件之動力應用裝置及方法，此生醫設備例如一眼用透鏡。
眼用透鏡成功用於視力矯正已有一段很長的時期。此外，此技術領域的進展已導致許多複雜的實例而用以改良眼科病人需要的醫療服務，例如，其範圍從透鏡材料之可通透性至可提供雙焦點校正之設計。然而，目前所有的眼用透鏡皆屬靜態。
如果有能力以一控制方式來變化眼用透鏡鏡頭的特性，許多功能將得到更好的提昇。然而，此應用之核心，仍需要一增能功能的手段。對於相關說明書，本說明書已納入其完整的規範、方法、儀器和裝置，其中包括已經對於增能眼用透鏡進行了描述。若能透過命令啟動或停用增能眼用透鏡，則所節約的能源可有益於其他各種功能。此外，若使用者可自由啟動操作不同狀態之應用，將提供極大優點。因此，將啟動的方法納入到增能眼用透鏡實為吾人之所需。
本發明是針對用來啟動一增能眼用透鏡之方法和裝置。一般來說，增能眼用透鏡包括一個組件，此組件具有偵測外部所產生之訊號之能力以及依據所偵測之訊號去控制透鏡之功能。於某些實施例中，藉由電力控制，一訊號之偵測可啟動一增能眼用透鏡內之一組件。
本發明之某些實施例包括一個或多個偵測組件的操作來偵測光訊號。光訊號偵測可以藉由使用一個或多個光電二極體、光敏電阻、光電晶體和光電池來完成。
尚有其他實施例包括一外部訊號，該外部訊號包括一個或多個電磁能量、電感耦合、磁場耦合和電容方式所檢測之訊號。例如，一個磁場耦合的特定檢測裝置包括具有檢測器之霍爾效應開關。外部訊號之各式各樣不同的組合以及選用亦包括在本發明之範圍內。
在另一方面，本發明中某些實施例包括不同類型的能量源之偵測之裝置及方法。因此，實施例包括一眼用透鏡，其具有一個或多個裝置以偵測壓力變化、聲音訊號；磁力、光訊號和無線電頻率訊號中之一或多者。
另某些實施例是有關於提供一個外部訊號和外部訊號源之方法，其係為眼用透鏡系統之組件提供動力控制，從而啟動或停用該眼用透鏡系統之組件。外部訊號之偵測可能導致在眼用透鏡系統內所包含之至少一個組件改變其物理或電狀態。
於某些實施例中，偵測亦包括以類比或數位方式處理訊號。可透過處理區分外部產生的訊號的模式，例如，以可接受的時間延遲寬度來分隔兩個離散訊號。此一訊號組合可能是與眼瞼的閃爍相關之生理特點有關。
於某些實施例中，一外部訊號是用來電啟動眼用透鏡內之一個或多個組件以及改變一光學裝置之聚焦特性。另某些實施例包括在電啟動光學裝置內變化透射度之方法。
此外，一增能眼用透鏡可具有多重狀態，如具有正常能量消耗之啟動狀態以及一睡眠狀態，包括低能量消耗。啟動該透鏡可導致電路切換進出睡眠狀態。在啟動狀態中，透鏡將啟動功能且其運作是比睡眠狀態在更高的能源消耗率。
於某些實施例中所偵測之訊號亦包括增能眼用透鏡內有用之能量。利用一無線外部訊號之相關方法提供能量以啟動一系統而將外部能量轉換成增能眼用透鏡內能夠重新增能之能量源。某些實施例是有關外部訊號包括高光子通量，其是被吸收並轉換成電能用來重新增能該能量源。
其他實施例是有關藉由偵測動作所啟動之不同裝置而取得之方法，此些實施例包括識別裝置用來於透鏡內儲存識別信息。另某些實施例是有關用以啟動裝置使其可以在增能眼用透鏡內顯示信息之方法。某些實施例是有關用以啟動裝置使其造成透鏡內之化學品的分泌之方法，此些實施例中之化學品包括藥用化學品。
本發明實施例包括無線機制用以藉由接收一訊號以改變在增能眼用透鏡內之一組件或次系統之一狀態。驗證此訊號以確定該訊號包括一個特徵用來傳遞一個命令以改變眼用透鏡內之一組件之一狀態。此訊號可造成所述眼用透鏡內之一或多個組件的狀態改變。
本發明提供形成一個可以從外部啟動之具有一個或多個組件之增能眼用透鏡的方法和裝置，在下面本發明之詳細說明的章節會詳細描述。不同的實施例是要用來舉例說明本發明然其並非用以限定本發明之內涵。
在本發明之詳細說明以及申請專利範圍中，各種的術語是以下列的說明定義：
使啟動(Activate)(或啟動(Activation))：意指在增能眼用透鏡中使得能量供給造成透鏡中之至少一個組件作用或改變作用之狀態。
偵測(Detection)：意指接收一訊號。
增能(Energized)：意指可以供給能量或儲存能量之狀態，一特定的實施例包括電流供給或電能儲存於一眼用透鏡中。
能量(Energy)：意指一物理系統作功能力，在本發明中所使用能量(Energy)一詞是關於可以作電功之能力。
狀態(State)：意指一或多個潛在定義，互不關聯的物理或電性情況，其中各狀態會發生在電或電物理組件或在一增能眼用透鏡中之系統組件中。
請參照圖1，舉例說明一啟動增能眼用透鏡100之基本結構之實施例，增能眼用透鏡包括一個或多個組件130、135、140以及一能量源110。在某些實施例中，能量源110具有一可再充電的鋰離子電池，鋰離子電池110可以藉由使用一充電系統160來充電，充電系統160可以連接至接點170之電池能量源110以及電子電路裝置135之接點150。電子電路裝置包括一個或多個組件130、135、140嵌入於一彈性基板145且形狀符合電子(未顯示)例如包括奈米網(nanonet)電晶體以及碳奈米管(nanotube)基板
彈性基板係用來作為組件130、135、140之電器附件及支持件。
一啟動組件140係用來作為改變一控制組件130之狀態，控制組件130之輸出可利用線路或其他導電體120連線至光區190之一電子光學裝置。
請參照圖2，舉例說明本發明某些實施例中之一啟動裝置220能夠檢測出一特定強度磁場存在或不存在。啟動裝置220可以監控在其最近的環境中的磁場變化的存在，當一磁性裝置240足夠接近增能眼用透鏡200時，此裝置將提供具有足夠密度之磁通量230以觸發檢測器220之一響應。增能眼用透鏡200可以依據檢測器220的響應來啟動。此外，透鏡內之一組件之狀態可以根據檢測器220之響應來變化。
本發明某些實施例中，組件之狀態變化會改變增能眼用透鏡200之光學啟動的部分中之一光電裝置210的特性。某些實施例中另一態樣，磁性啟動裝置220包括一霍爾效應感應開關。此一裝置之一特殊的例子可使用微小型霍爾效應感應器/開關，例如由美國麻薩諸塞州烏斯特的Allegro Microsystems公司生產之A1172。對於熟悉此技術者而言是顯而易見的，現有許多感應器可以偵測磁場或磁場的變化，因此可以定義啟動眼用透鏡之許多實施例。
請參照圖3，另有某些實施例中，一外部訊號裝置340傳送電磁訊號至一接收裝置320以感應一特別的電磁訊號330。接收裝置可用以偵測要求狀態改變之訊號330，或更複雜的實施例中，一特別的電磁訊號330可以包括一數據流的電磁訊號，如此當接收裝置320接受訊號時，此訊號可以被轉換成啟動命令。
於某些實施例中，電磁訊號可包括特定頻帶光源。於部分此些實施例中，在正確的頻帶中存在的任何訊號可以定義一個適當的訊號以啟動一眼用透鏡中之一組件。
於不同實施例中，電磁訊號330可以包括特定頻帶光子，此特定頻帶之光子強度的時間演化可被一個檢測裝置320所吸收且轉變成一訊號。此訊號之後可在特定眼用透鏡中啟動成不同狀態。不同頻帶包括但並不限於可見光以及紅外線且可以作為電磁訊號330。於其他實施例中，對於熟悉此技術者而言是顯而易見的，頻帶包括基於許多實例型式之訊號定義之射頻訊號。
於另某些實施例中，訊號裝置340包括一個訊號，此訊號之電場分量包含訊號信息。於部分此些實施例中，電容耦合裝置可以定義訊號檢測裝置320。對於電磁訊號之類比方式，此一對應性質電場之存在可包括訊號。
在另一態樣中，此一訊號之一時間演化可以編碼適當訊號，此適當訊號是由檢測裝置320所定義。使用於電場的系統之其他方法以及裝置亦可用來啟動某些增能眼用透鏡組件。
請參照圖4，舉例說明其他啟動形式實施例，請參照圖4，舉例說明其他啟動形式實施例，一個周圍的光源440，如天然陽光可產生環境光430之光線，此環境光430光線會照射眼用透鏡周圍的區域。周圍的光源440還包括人工光源，例如：白熾燈、日光燈、發光二極體或各種環境光源型式。
一生理眼瞼450可作為在周圍的光源440之間的一個相對不透明的屏幕及光源的一個檢測器420，檢測器之光的存在可定義一個訊號態樣，此訊號態樣可以由佩戴這種啟動增能眼用透鏡之佩戴者控制。以一個範例來說，故意閃爍是用來於增能眼用透鏡415內之光檢測器420中產生光訊號脈衝，然後用來於增能眼用透鏡415內之其他組件425提供控制訊號功能。依據眼睛閃爍之光的正確訊號，因此可以啟動透鏡。
藉由一個圖案化的眼睛閃爍的序列所產生的訊號，因此可以被用來執行一個或多個組件425之狀態改變，如眼用透鏡系統之光學啟動區410之光電裝置。一個周圍光源來處理光波430之其他可選用實施例是可行的。各種的變化可以組合成各種實施例包括藉由閃爍的訊號形式、偵測光源之檢測器形式以及用來連接與處理訊號接收和啟動在增能眼用透鏡415內之組件425之電子裝置。
請參照圖5，舉例說明其他實施例，一個啟動訊號包括機械性訊號。機械性接觸或聲波所產生之壓力可以定義其他實施例，此些實施例是類似於上述之電磁訊號。標號500係表示一眼睛區域，眼瞼540是環繞眼球晶體周圍。
於某些實施例中，對於眼瞼之機械性接觸形式之壓力可以經由眼瞼傳送至眼用透鏡內之一壓力感應啟動裝置。此壓力可藉由手指按壓眼瞼而產生，一壓力感應裝置520包括一薄膜開關，或其他壓力感應裝置，包括微米或奈米大小的壓力傳感器。接觸壓力產生一個訊號，於某些實施例中，接觸壓力是起因於使用者以指尖530按壓眼瞼所產生。機械性或壓力訊號以及其偵測裝置之各式各樣不同的變化包括在本發明之範圍內。
於其他某些實施例中，壓力訊號可載於聲波，於此些實施例中，此系統之結構是如圖3所述，而訊號源340包括一或多個聲能的源。
用來轉變一能量接收器之狀態之聲能是聽得見的聲音又或者是聽得見的聲音以外聲音之一部分。如圖所示，聲波330可以被麥克風320或其他用來產生狀態訊號改變之預定波長的聲音之接收器所偵測。於此些實施例中，所偵測之訊號之後可以觸發啟動眼用透鏡系統內之組件。於某些實施例中，啟動可造成光電裝置310狀態改變。實施例中有關於聲波、聲波偵測、聲波之訊號形式以及訊號之啟動形式是有各式各樣不同的變化。
於某些實施例中，增能眼用透鏡內之能量源可以與增能透鏡內之所有組件分離，除了用來執行電路操作檢測所揭露之其中一個啟動的方式之相對少量的能量。此一啟動訊號之後可以用來啟動眼用透鏡內之一個或多個額外的電路部分。此方式中，額外的電路之啟動可以在其本身去啟動此裝置內之一些功能變化。其他方式中，於某些實施例中，額外的電路之啟動可以容許透鏡由所謂的「睡眠模式」被取出且使透鏡準備接受其他啟動訊號。
於某些實施例中，啟動訊號會改變透鏡特性之直接態樣。例如，啟動訊號會改變一電啟動透鏡之狀態。在這樣做時，於某些實施例中，眼用透鏡之聚焦特性可以修改。於一非限定實施例中，啟動訊號可能會導致電子電路應用直流電(DC)電壓至電極，此電極改變電潤濕介電(EWOD,Electro Wetting on Dielectric)電極之疏水性。此疏水性之變化會導致一彎月形介面之特性改變，從而改變這個介面所形成透鏡之聚焦特性。明顯地，同樣的訊號亦可導致交流電(AC)電壓適用相同的電極。一普通常識，啟動訊號可導致電啟動透鏡系統由一光特性改變狀態至另一光特性。
於其他某些實施例中，啟動訊號可能會導致光啟動或光不啟動區域之眼用透鏡的遮光改變。尚有其他啟動實施例包括改變透鏡的光學啟動區域的傳輸特性。對於熟悉此技術者而言是顯而易見的，關於光如何行進通過一眼用透鏡系統之技術是有各式各樣不同的狀況。
於其他實施例中，啟動程序包括訊號傳輸進入眼用透鏡。於此些實施例中，該訊號可能被路由到透鏡內的一個電子處理裝置。當於處理裝置內解碼時，訊號可包括一個控制作用。尚有其他實施例，訊號可包括透鏡內傳輸之數據。於某些實施例中，此數據訊號可啟動透鏡內之顯示特性。明顯地，啟動訊號之各種組合會以一特定訊號類型之不同的數據編碼形式或不同的訊號類型組合而發生在啟動增能眼用透鏡裝置。
於另外各種實施例中，啟動訊號可以從透鏡本身進行數據的傳輸。於一非限定實施例中，一個無線射頻辨識(RFID,Radio Frequency Identification)組件可能會被包含在眼用透鏡系統中。啟動包括使用無線射頻辨識RFID來傳輸所儲存信息的一個子集。對於熟悉此技術者而言是顯而易見的，數據儲存、處理和通訊之各式各樣不同的變化包括在本發明之技術範圍內。
於其他實施例中，一眼用透鏡之啟動可以導致透鏡系統自眼用透鏡內之一儲存部分去分配一個或多個活性劑、化學藥劑或溶液。於某些實施例中，活性劑、化學藥劑或溶液會治療一眼睛的環境到達其中的透鏡所被放置的方式之情況，例如，一配方溶液包括處理乾眼情況之藥劑，或一配藥處理一眼睛情況。於某些實施例中，透鏡內之感應器可以做為監控眼睛周圍情況以及分配溶液來反應過渡進入或離開刺激閾的(liminal)狀態。從本質上講，該感應器可作為一個啟動的單元。明顯地，由一啟動眼用透鏡來啟動化學藥劑之分配之許多實施例可由本發明之技術達成。
於尚有其他實施例中，訊號可能會導致透鏡系統改變外表。藉由這樣的非限定實施例外表之改變可能涉及一個發光裝置之啟動。於某些實施例中該裝置可能會閃爍或關閉，而其他實施例中光可能維持在一開啟狀態直到接收另一啟動訊號。對於熟悉此技術者而言是顯而易見的，外表改變之不同形式包括增能眼用透鏡內所啟動產生之狀態變化，是會有許多實施例。
本發明詳細說明如上，本發明之保護範圍當視後附之申請專利範圍所界定者為準，提出形成啟動增能眼用透鏡之方法與實現此方法之裝置，以及從而形成啟動增能眼用透鏡與透鏡之啟動方法之說明。
100,200,300．．．眼用透鏡
110．．．能量源
120．．．導電體
130．．．控制組件
135．．．電路裝置
140．．．啟動組件
145．．．彈性基板
150,170．．．接點
160．．．充電系統
190．．．光區
210,310,410,510．．．光電啟動區
220．．．啟動裝置
230．．．磁通量
240．．．磁性裝置
320．．．檢測裝置
330．．．電磁訊號
340．．．訊號裝置
415．．．增能眼用透鏡
420．．．光檢測器
425．．．其他組件
430．．．光波
440．．．光源
450．．．生理眼瞼
500．．．眼睛區域
520．．．感應裝置
530．．．指尖
540．．．眼瞼
圖1舉例說明一啟動增能眼用透鏡系統。
圖2舉例說明藉由一磁訊號源之存在以啟動一啟動增能眼用透鏡系統。
圖3舉例說明藉由一外部訊號源以啟動一啟動增能眼用透鏡系統。
圖4舉例說明在具有眼瞼閃爍訊號之周圍光照情況中之一啟動增能眼用透鏡系統。
圖5舉例說明藉由一指尖之按壓之外部壓力訊號以啟動一可啟動增能眼用透鏡系統。
300．．．眼內透鏡
310．．．光電啟動區
320．．．檢測裝置
330．．．電磁訊號
340．．．訊號元件
Claims (24)
- 一種用於一增能眼用透鏡之啟動系統，包括：一增能眼用透鏡包括一能量源，其中該增能眼用透鏡透鏡被一佩戴者配戴，使該佩戴者之生理眼瞼表示作為在周圍的光源及該增能眼用透鏡之間的一相對不透明的屏幕；一啟動裝置與該能量源為電性連結，其中該啟動裝置能夠偵測出由一外部來源放射至該增能眼用透鏡的一訊號；以及一電路裝置之組件與該能量源為電性連結，該能量源藉由該啟動裝置從該能量源基於偵測一外部訊號來接收能量；其中該外部訊號包括藉由一時間間隔分隔兩個或多個離散訊號。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之啟動系統，其中能夠偵測出由該增能眼用透鏡外部來源所放射訊號的該啟動裝置包括一感光裝置。
- 如申請專利範圍第2項所述之啟動系統，其中該感光裝置為以下項目中的一或多者：一光電二極體、一光敏電阻、一光電晶體以及一光電池。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之啟動系統，其中能夠偵測出由該增能眼用透鏡外部來源所放射訊號的該啟動裝置 具有感應電磁能量的一裝置，該裝置是感應與一感光裝置在不同光譜區域之電磁能量。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之啟動系統，其中該啟動裝置能夠偵測出由外部來源放射至該增能眼用透鏡的一訊號，包括能夠電容耦合至一外部電子訊號的一裝置。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之啟動系統，其中該啟動裝置能夠偵測出由外部來源放射至該增能眼用透鏡的一訊號，包括能夠電感耦合至一外部電磁訊號的一裝置。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之啟動系統，其中該啟動裝置能夠偵測出由外部來源放射至該增能眼用透鏡的一訊號，包括能夠磁耦合至一外部磁訊號的一裝置。
- 如申請專利範圍第7項所述之啟動系統，其中能夠達成磁耦合的該裝置包括一霍爾效應開關。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之啟動系統，其中該外部訊號包括眼睛閃爍。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之啟動系統，其中該時間包括生理上相應故意眨動眼皮的速率。
- 一種啟動一增能眼用透鏡之方法，包括： 提供一外部訊號源，其中該增能眼用透鏡透鏡被一佩戴者配戴，使該佩戴者之生理眼瞼表示作為在周圍的光源及該增能眼用透鏡透鏡之間的一相對不透明的屏幕；經由包括該增能眼用透鏡之一電路裝置之一第一組件偵測出該外部訊號源；以及改變包括該增能眼用透鏡之一電路裝置之一第二組件之一狀態；其中該外部訊號包括藉由一時間間隔分隔兩個或多個離散訊號。
- 如申請專利範圍第11項所述之方法，進一步包括處理測得之該外部訊號以決定一啟動狀態。
- 如申請專利範圍第11項所述之方法，其中該外部訊號包括眼睛閃爍。
- 如申請專利範圍第11項所述之方法，其中該時間包括生理上相應故意眨動眼皮的速率。
- 如申請專利範圍第11項所述之方法，其中被啟動之一電路裝置之該組件狀態包括一光電裝置。
- 如申請專利範圍第15項所述之方法，其中該方法更包括啟動該光電裝置以改變該增能眼用透鏡之一個或多個聚焦特性。
- 如申請專利範圍第11項所述之方法，其中該方法更包括啟動一電路裝置之該組件狀態以調整在一光譜頻帶中之眼部活動區的透射率。
- 如申請專利範圍第11項所述之方法，其中具有該增能眼用透鏡之一電路裝置之該組件狀態之改變包括一電閘，以及該方法更包括在該眼用透鏡中放置至少一個與該能量源為電性相連之一電路裝置之組件的步驟。
- 如申請專利範圍第11項所述之方法，其中具有該增能眼用透鏡之一電路裝置之該組件狀態之改變包括一光子通量之檢測，以及該方法更包括將該增能眼用透鏡中之能量源充電。
- 如申請專利範圍第11項所述之方法，其中一電路裝置之一個或多個組件包括一識別裝置。
- 如申請專利範圍第11項所述之方法，其中一電路裝置之一個或多個組件包括一顯示裝置。
- 如申請專利範圍第11項所述之方法，其中一電路裝置之一個或多個組件包括一溶液分配裝置。
- 一種用於一增能眼用透鏡之啟動系統，包括： 一增能眼用透鏡包括一能量源，其中該增能眼用透鏡透鏡被一佩戴者配戴，使該佩戴者之生理眼瞼表示作為在周圍的光源及該增能眼用透鏡之間的一相對不透明的屏幕；一啟動裝置與該能量源為電性連結，其中該啟動裝置能夠偵測出由一外部來源放射至該增能眼用透鏡的一訊號；以及一電路裝置之一組件與該能量源為電性連結，該能量源藉由該啟動裝置從該能量源基於偵測一外部訊號來接收能量；以及其中該啟動裝置包括感應電磁能量的一裝置感應與一感光裝置在不同光譜區域之電磁能量、能夠電容耦合至一外部電子訊號的一裝置、能夠電感耦合至一外部電磁訊號的一裝置或能夠磁耦合至一外部磁訊號的一裝置。
- 如申請專利範圍第23項所述之啟動系統，其中能夠達成磁耦合的該裝置包括一霍爾效應開關。
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