TWI513166B - Boost apparatus and series type transformer device - Google Patents

Description

Booster device and series transformer device

The present invention relates to a power supply device, and more particularly to a booster device and a series transformer device.

In some electromechanical devices, a boost device needs to be configured to provide high voltage power. For example, a booster device may be configured in a Dielectric Discharge System. This dielectric discharge system is one of atmospheric plasma applications, and the development trend of atmospheric plasma generators is toward large-area and high-power development. At present, dielectric discharge technology has been widely used in various industries, including: optoelectronics and semiconductor industry, automotive components, adhesive processing industry, etc., its advantages are large-scale and rapid mass production. The dielectric discharge system can be applied to an ozone generator, surface modification or plasma dry etching. Since the dielectric discharge system requires a relatively high voltage (about 20k~30k Vp-p), it is necessary to boost the output voltage of the converter by using a boosting device.

A common implementation of the boost device is to boost the output voltage of the converter with a single high voltage transformer. Figure 1 is a diagram illustrating the use of a single high voltage transformer 110 A schematic circuit diagram of the current boosting device 100. The first end and the second end of the primary-side winding of the high voltage transformer 110 are respectively coupled to the first output end and the second output end of the AC power source 10. The first end and the second end of the secondary-side winding of the high voltage transformer 110 are respectively coupled to the first power end and the second power end of the load 20. It is assumed here that the primary side coil turns N1 of the high voltage transformer 110 is 50, and the secondary side coil turns N2 of the high voltage transformer 110 is 1250. Therefore, the boosting device 100 forms a single-stage 25 times high voltage transformer circuit, and directly boosts the input voltage V1 (ie, the output voltage of the alternating current power source 10) to the required output voltage V2=24k Vp-p, where Vp-p Indicates the peak-to-peak voltage value.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the waveforms of the input voltage V1 and the output voltage V2 of the boosting device 100 shown in FIG. 1. In the waveform diagram shown in Fig. 2, the horizontal axis represents time and the vertical axis represents voltage. Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the boosting device 100 of FIG. 1 is shown in FIG. 1 due to the leakage inductance of the high voltage transformer 110, the parasitic capacitance CA of the main side coil of the high voltage transformer 110, and the parasitic capacitance CB of the secondary side coil of the high voltage transformer 110. The waveform of the input voltage V1 and the output voltage V2 is as shown in FIG. 2, wherein the input voltage V1 and the output voltage V2 are both alternating current. The boosting device 100 constituted by the single-stage high-voltage transformer 110 is mainly caused by the relationship that the number of turns of the secondary side of the transformer is too high, so that the parasitic element effect of the transformer becomes conspicuous and cannot be tolerated, thereby causing output distortion.

The energy consumption of the high voltage transformer 110 is caused by transformer parasitic components such as parasitic capacitance and/or inductive inductance. If a single high-voltage transformer 110 is used to perform the boosting function, it is easy to cause an excessive influence on the cross-voltage between the coils of the single high-voltage transformer 110, so that the influence/effect of the parasitic capacitance and the induced inductance becomes remarkable. tolerate. The parasitic capacitance and the induced inductance affect the secondary-side output waveform distortion of the high voltage transformer.

The invention provides a boosting device and a series transformer device, which can effectively reduce the cross-pressure between the coils inside the transformer.

Embodiments of the present invention provide a series type transformer device. The series type transformer device includes a plurality of transformers. The first and second ends of the primary-side winding of the first of the transformers are coupled to the first input and the second input of the series-type transformer device, respectively. A first end of a first secondary-side winding of the first transformer is coupled to a first output of the series-type transformer arrangement. A first end of the first secondary winding of the i-th transformer of the transformers is coupled to a second end of the first secondary winding of the i-th transformer of the transformers, wherein i is an integer greater than one. The first end and the second end of the main side coil of the i-th transformer are respectively coupled to the first end and the second end of the second secondary-side winding of the i-1th transformer.

Embodiments of the present invention provide a boosting device that includes an inverter and a series-type transformer device. The series type transformer device includes a plurality of transformers. The first end and the second end of the main side coil of the first one of the transformers are respectively coupled to the first output end and the second output end of the inverter. A first end of the first side coil of the first transformer is coupled to a first output of the series transformer device. The first end of the first side coil of the i-th transformer of these transformers is coupled to this The second end of the first secondary coil of the i-1th transformer of the transformers, where i is an integer greater than one. The first end and the second end of the main side coil of the i-th transformer are respectively coupled to the first end and the second end of the second sub-coil of the i-1th transformer.

In an embodiment of the invention, the number of transformers described above is N. The first end and the second end of the main side coil of the Nth transformer of the transformers are respectively coupled to the first end and the second end of the second side coil of the N-1th transformer of the transformers. The first end of the first side coil of the Nth transformer is coupled to the second end of the first side coil of the N-1th transformer. The second end of the first side coil of the Nth transformer is coupled to the second output of the series type transformer device.

In an embodiment of the invention, the series transformer device further includes a resonant inductor. The resonant inductor is coupled between the first input of the series transformer device and the first end of the primary side coil of the first transformer.

In an embodiment of the invention, the series transformer device further includes a resonant inductor. The resonant inductor is coupled between the first end of the second secondary coil of the i-1th transformer and the first end of the primary side coil of the i-th transformer.

In an embodiment of the invention, in the i-th transformer, the ratio of the number of turns of the main-side coil and the second-side coil is 1:1.

Based on the above, the series type transformer device according to the embodiment of the present invention connects the secondary side coils of the plurality of transformers in series to each other to provide a high voltage. Therefore, the voltage/voltage difference between the internal coils of each transformer can be effectively reduced.

The above described features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following description.

10‧‧‧AC power supply

20‧‧‧ load

30‧‧‧DC power supply

100‧‧‧Booster

110‧‧‧High voltage transformer

300‧‧‧Booster

310‧‧‧Inverter

320‧‧‧Series transformer device

321, 322, 323‧‧‧Resonant inductance

341, 351, 361‧‧‧ main side coil

342, 352‧‧‧ second side coil

343, 353, 362‧‧‧ first side coil

C1, C2, C3, C4, CA, CB‧‧‧ parasitic capacitance

Cair, Cd‧‧‧ capacitor

D1, D2, D3, D4‧‧‧ body diode

NP1, NP2, N1‧‧‧ main side coil turns

N2‧‧‧ secondary coil turns

NSA1, NSA2‧‧‧ first side coil turns

NSB1‧‧‧Second side coil turns

S1, S2, S3, S4‧‧‧ power switch

T1, T2, T3, T(i-1), T(i), T(N-1), T(N)‧‧‧ transformers

V1, Vin‧‧‧ input voltage

V2, Vo1, Vo2, Vo3, Vout‧‧‧ output voltage

Vin1‧‧‧ voltage

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 is a circuit diagram showing the implementation of a boosting device using a single high voltage transformer.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the waveforms of the input voltage V1 and the output voltage V2 of the boosting device shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram showing a boosting device according to an embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram showing the boosting device of FIG. 3 according to an embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the waveforms of the input voltage Vin and the output voltage Vout of the boosting device shown in FIG.

FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram showing the boosting device of FIG. 3 according to another embodiment of the present invention.

7 to 10 are diagrams illustrating simulation results of voltage waveforms of the circuit shown in Fig. 6.

The term "coupled" as used throughout the specification (including the scope of the claims) may be used to refer to any direct or indirect means of attachment. For example, if the first device is described as being coupled to the second device, it should be construed that the first device can be directly connected to the second device, or the first device can be The connecting means is indirectly connected to the second device. In addition, wherever possible, the elements and/ Elements/components/steps that use the same reference numbers or use the same terms in different embodiments may refer to the related description.

FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram showing a boosting device 300 according to an embodiment of the invention. The boosting device 300 includes an inverter 310 and a series transformer device 320. Depending on the design requirements, inverter 310 can be any type of inverter circuit, such as a full-bridge inverter, a half-bridge inverter, or other converter circuit. The inverter 310 can convert the direct current supplied from the direct current power source 30 into alternating current. The DC power source 30 can be a buck converter, a boost converter, a bridge rectifier circuit, and/or other DC power supply circuits. For example, the DC power source 30 can rectify utility power (eg, three-phase AC power) to single-phase DC power.

The first input end and the second input end of the series transformer device 320 are respectively coupled to the first output end and the second output end of the inverter 310 to receive the alternating current. The first output end and the second output end of the series transformer device 320 are respectively coupled to the first power end and the second power end of the load 20 . The series type transformer device 320 can boost the alternating current (ie, the input voltage Vin) supplied from the inverter 310 to provide the output voltage Vout to the load 20. The characteristics of the load 20 are not limited in this embodiment. In some application examples, load 20 may be a capacitive load, an inductive load, and/or other load. The capacitive load may be a Dielectric Barrier Discharge System or the like. The inductive load may It is an electric motor.

The series type transformer device 320 includes a plurality of transformers, such as the transformers T1, T2, ..., T(i-1), T(i), ..., T(N-1), T(N) shown in Fig. 3, where N Is an integer, and i is an integer in the range of 1 to N. The first end and the second end of the primary-side winding of the first transformer T1 are respectively coupled to the first input end and the second input end of the series-type transformer device 320, that is, respectively coupled To the first output and the second output of the inverter 310. The first end of the first secondary-side winding of the first transformer T1 is coupled to the first output of the series transformer device 320, that is, to the first power terminal of the load 20.

a first end of the first secondary winding of the i-th transformer T(i) of the transformers is coupled to a second of the first secondary windings of the i-1th transformer T(i-1) of the transformers end. For example, the first end of the first side coil of the second transformer T2 is coupled to the second end of the first side coil of the first transformer T1. The first end and the second end of the main side coil of the i-th transformer T(i) are respectively coupled to the second secondary-side winding of the i-1th transformer T(i-1) First end and second end. For example, the first end and the second end of the main side coil of the second transformer T2 are respectively coupled to the first end and the second end of the second side coil of the first transformer T1.

It is assumed here that the number of these transformers is N. The first end and the second end of the main side coil of the Nth transformer T(N) of the transformers are respectively coupled to the second side coil of the N-1th transformer T(N-1) of the transformers The first end and the second end. The first end of the first side coil of the Nth transformer T(N) is coupled to the N-1th The second end of the first side coil of the transformer T(N-1). The second end of the first side coil of the Nth transformer T(N) is coupled to the second output end of the series transformer device 320, that is, to the second power terminal of the load 20.

In this embodiment, the series winding device 320 topology is formed by serially connecting the output windings (first side coils) of the plurality of sets of transformers T1 to T(N). The series type transformer device 320 can reduce the leakage inductance and the parasitic capacitance effect between the coils, thereby improving the efficiency of the transformer and reducing the heat energy consumption.

FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram showing the boosting device 300 of FIG. 3 according to an embodiment of the invention. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the series transformer assembly 320 includes two sets of transformers, namely transformers T1 and T2. The first end and the second end of the main-side coil of the transformer T1 are respectively coupled to the first input end and the second input end of the series-type transformer device 320, that is, respectively coupled to the first output end of the inverter 310 and Two outputs. The first end of the first side coil of the transformer T1 is coupled to the first output end of the series transformer device 320, that is, to the first power end of the load 20. The first end and the second end of the main side coil of the transformer T2 are respectively coupled to the first end and the second end of the second side coil of the transformer T1. The first end of the first side coil of the transformer T2 is coupled to the second end of the first side coil of the transformer T1. The second end of the first-side coil of the transformer T2 is coupled to the second output end of the series-type transformer device 320, that is, to the second power terminal of the load 20.

In the same transformer, the ratio of the number of turns of the primary side coil and the second side coil is 1:1. In other application requirements, the ratio of the number of turns of the primary side coil and the second side side coil is not limited to 1:1. Here is the assumption (but not limited to), the change shown in Figure 4. The main-side coil turns NP1 of the press T1 is 10, the first-side coil turns NSA1 of the transformer T1 is 150, and the second-side coil turns NSB1 of the transformer T1 is 10. The main-side coil turns NP2 of the transformer T2 shown in FIG. 4 is 10, and the first-side coil turns NSA2 of the transformer T2 is 100. Due to the partial pressure of the output voltage Vout, the voltage across the first-side coil of the transformer T1 (voltage difference) and the voltage across the first-side coil of the transformer T2 can be reduced. In the case where the voltage across the first side coil is reduced across the transformer, the losses caused by parasitic components (such as parasitic capacitance and/or inductive inductance) inside the transformer can also be reduced.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the waveforms of the input voltage Vin and the output voltage Vout of the boosting device 300 shown in FIG. In the waveform diagram shown in Fig. 5, the horizontal axis represents time and the vertical axis represents voltage. Referring to FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, it is assumed here that the root mean square value of the input voltage Vin is 100V, and the root mean square value of the output current of the inverter 310 is 0.8A, and the input power of the boosting device 300 is 80W. If the resistance of the load 20 is 36.75 K ohm, the root mean square value of the output voltage Vout is 1.64 KV, and the output power of the boosting device 300 is 73 W.

The circuit shown in Figure 1 is compared to the circuit shown in Figure 4. Assuming that the root mean square value of the input voltage V1 shown in FIG. 1 is 100 V, and the root mean square value of the output current of the alternating current power source 10 is 0.8 A, the input power of the boosting device 100 is 80 W. If the resistance of the load 20 is 36.75 K ohm, the root mean square value of the output voltage V2 shown in FIG. 1 is 1.33 KV, and the output power of the boosting device 100 is 48 W. Comparing the output power of the series-type transformer device 320 shown in FIG. 4 with the output power of the single high-voltage transformer 110 shown in FIG. 1, the difference between them is 25 W. That is to say, the series type transformer shown in Figure 4 Set the output power of 320 by 31%.

FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram showing the boosting device 300 of FIG. 3 according to another embodiment of the present invention. The load 20 shown in FIG. 6 is an application example of a capacitive load (for example, a dielectric discharge system), and the equivalent circuit includes a capacitor Cair, a capacitor Cd, and a Zener diode. The inverter 310 converts the electrical energy provided by the direct current power source 30 into alternating current. The transformers T1 to T3 of the series type transformer device 320 boost the alternating current supplied from the inverter 310 to the output voltage Vout to drive the load 20. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, the inverter 310 can be a full bridge converter that includes power switches S1, S2, S3, and S4. The power switches S1 to S4 may be Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs) or other switching elements. The diodes D1, D2, D3, and D4 shown in FIG. 6 represent the body diodes of the power switches S1 to S4, respectively, and the capacitors C1, C2, C3, and C4 represent the parasitic capacitances of the power switches S1 to S4, respectively. The two ends of the power switch S1 are respectively coupled to the first input end and the first output end of the inverter 310. The two ends of the power switch S2 are respectively coupled to the second input end of the inverter 310 and the first output end. The two ends of the power switch S3 are respectively coupled to the first input end and the second output end of the inverter 310. The two ends of the power switch S4 are respectively coupled to the second input end and the second output end of the inverter 310.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, the series transformer device 320 includes three sets of transformers, namely transformers T1, T2 and T3. In the same transformer, the ratio of the number of turns of the primary side coil and the second side coil is 1:1. The series transformer device 320 more selectively includes resonant inductors 321, 322 and 323. First of the resonant inductor 321 The first end and the second end are respectively coupled to the first output end of the inverter 310 and the first end of the main side coil 341 of the transformer T1. The second end of the main side coil 341 of the transformer T1 is coupled to the second output end of the inverter 310. The first end of the first side coil 343 of the transformer T1 is coupled to the first output end of the series transformer device 320, that is, to the first power end of the load 20. The first end and the second end of the resonant inductor 322 are respectively coupled to the first end of the second side coil 342 of the transformer T1 and the first end of the main side coil 351 of the transformer T2. The second end of the main side coil 351 of the transformer T2 is coupled to the second end of the second side coil 342 of the transformer T1. The first end of the first side coil 353 of the transformer T2 is coupled to the second end of the first side coil 343 of the transformer T1. The second end of the first side coil 353 of the transformer T2 is coupled to the first end of the first side coil 362 of the transformer T3. The first end and the second end of the resonant inductor 323 are respectively coupled to the first end of the second side coil 352 of the transformer T2 and the first end of the main side coil 361 of the transformer T3. The second end of the second side coil 352 of the transformer T2 is coupled to the second end of the main side coil 361 of the transformer T3. The second end of the first side coil 362 of the transformer T3 is coupled to the second output end of the series transformer device 320, that is, to the second power end of the load 20.

In the present embodiment, the resonant inductors 321, 322 and/or 323 may be solid inductors. In other embodiments, one or more of the resonant inductors 321, 322, and 323 may be omitted. For example, resonant inductors 322 and/or 323 may be omitted.

The voltage across the first side coil 343 of the first stage transformer T1 is formed by the main side coil 341 being boosted by the first stage transformer T1. The voltage across the first side coil 353 of the second stage transformer T2 is boosted by the main side coil 351 via the second stage transformer T2. to make. The voltage across the first side coil 362 of the third stage transformer T3 is formed by the main side coil 361 being boosted by the third stage transformer T3. The first-stage side coil 343 of the first-stage transformer T3 is connected in series with the first-stage side coil 353 of the second-stage transformer T2, and the first-stage side coil 353 of the second-stage transformer T2 is connected in series with the first stage of the third-stage transformer T3. Secondary side coil 362. The voltage across the first side coils 343, 353, and 362 connected in series is added to form an output voltage Vout. The output voltage Vout can drive the load 20 (eg, a dielectric discharge load). Therefore, the dielectric discharge load 20 has sufficient cross-pressure to generate plasma.

In summary, the embodiment shown in FIG. 6 forms a series-type transformer device 320 topology by using the output windings (first-side coils) of the three sets of transformers T1 to T3 in series with each other. The series type transformer device 320 of the present embodiment connects the first side coils of the plurality of transformers T1 to T3 in series to each other to supply a high voltage to the load 20. Therefore, the voltage/voltage difference between the internal coils of each transformer can be effectively reduced. The series transformer device 320 can reduce leakage inductance and parasitic capacitance between coils, thereby improving transformer efficiency and reducing thermal energy consumption. The resonant inductors 321, 322 and 323 can match the output impedance of the converter 310 to inductivity, reduce the surge current caused by the hard transistor (power switch) of the inverter 310, and increase the life of the power transistor.

7 to 10 are diagrams illustrating simulation results of voltage waveforms of the circuit shown in Fig. 6. In the waveform diagrams shown in Figs. 7 to 10, the horizontal axis represents time and the vertical axis represents voltage. The voltage curve shown in FIG. 7 is the waveform of the output voltage of the inverter 310 (ie, the input voltage Vin), and its root mean square value Vin, rms=300V, and the peak-to-peak value Vin, p-p= 600V (+/-300V). The voltage curve shown in Fig. 8 is the waveform of the voltage Vin1 of the main-side coil 341 of the first-stage transformer T1. Due to the boosting relationship via the resonant inductor 321, the root mean square value of the voltage Vin1 of the primary side coil 341 is Vin1, rms = 680.35V, and the peak of the voltage Vin1 is the peak value Vin1, pp = 1.8325k V (+/- 916.25V). . The voltage curves shown in FIG. 9 are waveforms of the output voltages Vo1, Vo2, and Vo3 of the first-side coils 343, 353, and 362, respectively, and the rms values are all Vo1, rms=Vo2, rms=Vo3, rms=2.72k. V, and the peak-to-peak value is Vo1, pp=Vo2, pp=Vo3, pp=7.33kV (+/-3.66kV). The voltage curve shown in Figure 10 is the waveform of the voltage between the two power supply inputs on the load 20 (ie, the output voltage Vout), the rms value is Vout, rms = 8.16k V, and the peak-to-peak value Vout, pp = 22k V (+/-11k V). According to the above simulation results, the voltage of each output winding (the first-side coil) in the series-type transformer device 320 is reduced to 1/3 of the output voltage Vout, thereby improving the output voltage of the inverter 310 (ie, the input voltage Vin). The parasitic components of the transformer cause distortion of the voltage waveform.

Although the present invention has been disclosed in the above embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention, and any one of ordinary skill in the art can make some changes and refinements without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the scope of the appended claims.

20‧‧‧ load

30‧‧‧DC power supply

300‧‧‧Booster

310‧‧‧Inverter

320‧‧‧Series transformer device

321, 322, 323‧‧‧Resonant inductance

341, 351, 361‧‧‧ main side coil

342, 352‧‧‧ second side coil

343, 353, 362‧‧‧ first side coil

C1, C2, C3, C4‧‧‧ parasitic capacitance

Cair, Cd‧‧‧ capacitor

D1, D2, D3, D4‧‧‧ body diode

S1, S2, S3, S4‧‧‧ power switch

T1, T2, T3‧‧‧ transformer

Vin‧‧‧Input voltage

Vo1, Vo2, Vo3, Vout‧‧‧ output voltage

Vin1‧‧‧ voltage

Claims (10)

A series-type transformer device comprising: a plurality of transformers, wherein a first end and a second end of a main-side coil of a first one of the transformers are respectively coupled to a first input end of the series-type transformer device And a first input end, the first end of the first side coil of the first transformer is coupled to the first output end of the series type transformer device, and the first side of the i-th transformer of the plurality of transformers The first end of the coil is coupled to the second end of the first side coil of the i-1th transformer of the transformers, and the first end and the second end of the main side coil of the i-th transformer are respectively coupled To the first end and the second end of the second side coil of the i-1th transformer, wherein i is an integer greater than one. The series-type transformer device of claim 1, wherein the number of the transformers is N, and the first ends and the second ends of the main-side coils of the N-th transformers of the transformers are respectively coupled to a first end and a second end of the second side coil of the N-1th transformer of the transformers, wherein the first end of the first side coil of the Nth transformer is coupled to the N-1th The second end of the first side coil of the Nth transformer is coupled to the second end of the series transformer device. The series-type transformer device of claim 1, further comprising: a resonant inductor coupled to the first input end of the series-type transformer device and the first-side coil of the first transformer Between one end. The series transformer device of claim 1, further comprising: a resonant inductor coupled to the second secondary coil of the i-1th transformer The first end is between the first end of the main side coil of the i-th transformer. The series-type transformer device according to claim 1, wherein in the i-th transformer, a ratio of a number of turns of the main-side coil and the second-side coil is 1:1. A boosting device comprising: an inverter and a series transformer device, the series transformer device comprising a plurality of transformers, the first end and the second end of the main side coil of the first one of the transformers The first output end and the second output end of the first transformer are coupled to the first output end of the series transformer device, a first end of the first side coil of the i-th transformer of the transformers is coupled to a second end of the first-side coil of the i-th transformer of the transformers, the i-th transformer The first end and the second end of the main side coil are respectively coupled to the first end and the second end of the second sub-coil of the i-1th transformer, wherein i is an integer greater than 1. The boosting device of claim 6, wherein the number of the transformers is N, and the first ends and the second ends of the main side coils of the Nth transformers of the transformers are respectively coupled to the a first end and a second end of the second side coil of the N-1th transformer of the transformer, the first end of the first side coil of the Nth transformer is coupled to the N-1th transformer The second end of the first side coil of the Nth transformer is coupled to the second output end of the series transformer device. The boosting device according to claim 6, wherein the series type The transformer device further includes a resonant inductor coupled between the first output of the inverter and the first end of the primary side coil of the first transformer. The boosting device of claim 6, wherein the series transformer device further includes: a resonant inductor coupled to the first end of the second secondary coil of the i-1th transformer Between the first ends of the main side coil of the i-th transformer. The boosting device according to claim 6, wherein in the i-th transformer, the ratio of the number of turns of the primary side coil and the second secondary side coil is 1:1.