TWI512169B - Method for anchoring immersed tube on sea floor - Google Patents

Description

The method of anchoring the seabed frame in the submerged sea

The invention relates to a method for anchoring a seabed frame in a submerged sea, and in particular to a seabed frame method for anchoring a floating body in a submerged sea at a depth of 40 meters below the sea level.

Tunnel refers to the channel excavated in the existing building or earth and stone structure for three-dimensional transportation, mountain crossing, underground passage, cross-river, cross-sea, pipeline transportation, cable underground, water conservancy project, etc.

The Strait is like a scorpio that separates the mainland from the mainland, the mainland and the island, or between the island and the island. This brings many inconveniences to people's lives and travel. Therefore, the "undersea tunnel", as its name suggests, is a tunnel built on the seabed that connects the two sides of the strait. It is mainly used for vehicles. As of 2012, there are more than 20 submarine tunnels built and planned in the world, mainly in Japan, the United States, Western Europe and Hong Kong and Kowloon. The submarine tunnel can be divided into three parts: the sea bottom section, the coastal section and the approach road. The submarine section is the main part. It is buried under the seabed, connected to the coast at both ends, and then connected to the ground line through the approach road. Generally speaking, the construction of a subsea tunnel is also required to set up shafts on both sides of the river and install ventilation, drainage, power supply and other equipment.

According to the construction method, it can be divided into open cut backfill tunnel, drill tunnel (deep shield method) and immersed tunnel (sunk box method). Among them, open cut backfill is a method commonly used to construct shallow tunnels, because the construction method is to first dig the tunnel down the ground and then backfill the pavement, including the excavation and roofing of the tunnel. The advantage is that the construction time is short and there is no risk of collapse, but its disadvantages are high cost, large disturbance to ground transportation and residents, high noise, construction of the underwater tunnel affecting the navigation channel and the need to reclamation. The drilling type is more suitable for the construction of soft soil layers or tunnels with high water content. The advantage is that the cost is much lower than that of open cut coverage and road traffic. Affected and will not affect residents. However, the disadvantage of this method is that settlement may occur and deep tunnels can only be drilled. In the case of complex geology, the shield machine used for drilling may be stuck in it or the parts may be damaged, or even forced to give up. The shield machine changes the tunnel excavation route, thus extending the construction period or increasing the construction cost.

As for the immersed tube type, it is mostly used in the construction of a subsea tunnel. The method firstly excavates the tunnel at the seabed, and then constructs or deposits the prefabricated tunnel members in the pit. The Qijin Crossing Tunnel and the Hong Kong Cross-Harbour Tunnel were built using this method. The advantage of this method is that it has better seismic resistance than drill tunnels, does not affect residents and can build a tunnel in the harbour without reclamation. But its shortcoming is that it will affect the navigation of the ship.

In view of this, the present invention provides a method for anchoring a seabed frame in a submerged sea, comprising: first, fixing the support frame and deepening it to 60 cm of the submarine rock disk, and then placing the tunnel body on the support frame, and the tunnel system Located 40 meters below sea level.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the tunnel body is a three-tube construction, and includes a first main trunk, a second trunk, and at least one escape between the first trunk and the second trunk. a tube, and the escape tube is respectively connected with the first main tube and the second main tube, and the joint between the escape tube and the first main tube and the second main tube is covered by the covering body, and the coating system is covered by H Steel, C-shaped steel, L-shaped steel and a waterproof material.

In an embodiment of the invention, the first main pipe, the second main pipe and the escape pipe system respectively comprise at least one steel pipe structure.

In an embodiment of the invention, the step of disposing the tunnel body on the support frame comprises: first, sealing the two ends of the first trunk pipe, the second trunk pipe and the escape pipe. Then, after carrying the first main pipe, the second main pipe and the escape pipe to the position on the sea level relative to the support frame, adding water pressure to sink the first main pipe, the second main pipe and the escape pipe to be arranged on the support frame on. Finally, the two ends of the first main pipe, the second main pipe and the escape pipe are opened.

In an embodiment of the invention, the material of the support frame is a steel pipe.

In an embodiment of the invention, the outer cladding material of the tunnel body is ultra high strength concrete.

The features and advantages of the present invention will be further understood from the following description. Please refer to the first to third figures when reading.

1‧‧‧Support structure

11‧‧‧Fixed base

12‧‧‧Support

2‧‧‧ Tunnel Ontology

21‧‧‧First main tube

21a‧‧‧Upper

21b‧‧‧Under

22‧‧‧Second main tube

23‧‧‧Escape tube

24‧‧‧Escape link

25‧‧‧ Covering body

S‧‧‧ sea layer

S ₁ ‧‧ sea level

S ₂ ‧‧‧ seabed rock disk

D ₁ ‧‧‧ Distance between sea level and tunnel body

D ₂ ‧‧‧Support structure deep into the depth of the seabed rock

The first figure shows a schematic structural view of a suspended seawater anchored seabed frame in a submersible sea according to an embodiment of the present invention; the second figure shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a floating seawater anchored seabed frame in a submerged sea in an embodiment of the present invention; and a third figure shows A schematic diagram of the architecture of a tunnel body in an embodiment of the invention.

In view of the problems encountered by the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a method for anchoring a seabed frame in a submerged sea. First, please refer to the first figure. The first figure shows a schematic diagram of the architecture of the suspended seawater anchored seabed frame in the submersible sea according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the present invention first fixes the support frame 1 to the submarine rock disk S ₂ and penetrates to the submarine rock disk a distance D ₂ . Preferably, the support frame 1 penetrates 60 cm into the submarine rock disk. In an embodiment, the support frame 1 can include a fixed base 11 and a support member 12, that is, the fixed base 11 can be disposed deep into the submarine rock disk S ₂ , and then the support member 12 can be disposed on the fixed base 11. And anchored. However, the present invention is not intended to be limited thereto, that is, the support frame 1 may also be an integrally formed structure, which is anchored by partially deepening the seabed rock disk S _{2 by} 60 cm. Subsequently, then tunnel body to the supporting frame 2 is provided on a main body 2 so that the tunnel is located a distance from the sea level S ₁ D _1, and most preferably, D ₁ is 40 meters.

Please refer to the second and third figures. The second figure shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a floating seawater anchored seabed frame in a submerged sea in an embodiment of the present invention, and the third figure shows a schematic structural view of the tunnel body in an embodiment of the present invention. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the tunnel body 2 is a three-tube construction, and includes a first trunk pipe 21, a second trunk pipe 22, and a first trunk pipe 21 and a second trunk pipe 22. At least one escape tube 23, and the escape tube is communicated with the first main tube 21 and the second main tube 22 by the escape connection tube 24, respectively, and the escape tube 23 and the first main tube 21 and the second main tube 22 The joint is covered by a covering body 25, and the covering body 25 is composed of H-shaped steel, C-shaped steel, L-shaped steel and a waterproof material.

In the present invention, the first main pipe 21, the second main pipe 22 and the escape pipe 23 respectively comprise at least one steel pipe structure. Preferably, as shown in the third figure, the first main pipe 21, the second main pipe 22 and the escape pipe 23 are respectively composed of a plurality of steel pipe structures.

Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, the step of disposing the tunnel body on the support frame firstly, the first main trunk tube 21, the second main trunk tubes 22, and the escape tubes 23 are Sealed at both ends for transport and placement. Next, the first trunk pipe 21, the second trunk pipes 22 and the escape pipes 23 are carried to a position on the sea level relative to the support frame, that is, above the predetermined position of the tunnel body. Then, the water pressure is applied to cause the first trunk pipes 21, the second trunk pipes 22 and the escape pipes 23 to be successively placed in the grooves dug in the support frame, and by a plurality of escapes. The connecting tubes 24 are joined to each other, and the joints are covered with the covering bodies 25 to a full degree of waterproofing. Finally, the first main trunk pipe 21, the second trunk pipes 22 and the sealing walls at both ends of the escape pipes 23 are opened to form a continuous tunnel.

In a preferred embodiment, the material of the support frame 1 is a steel pipe structure, and the material of the tunnel body 2 may be a special steel structure, and the thickness of the tunnel body 2 is preferably 1 cm to 2.5 cm, but the invention is not intended This is limited to this. Further, as shown in the figure, the first main pipe 21, the second main pipe 22, the escape pipe 23, and the escape connecting pipe 24 are unidirectionally passed, and the inner portion is two layers above and below. Taking the first trunk pipe 21 as an example, the upper layer 21a is a double to multi-lane road, and the lower layer 21b is a second lane of the MRT lane (for example, four tracks, rail wide rails). Preferably, each of the first trunk pipe 21 and each of the second trunk pipes has a diameter of 16 meters and a length of 55 meters, and further the first trunk pipe 21, the second trunk pipe 22, and the escape pipe 23 The width of 60 meters is a section, but the invention is not intended to be limited thereto.

The escape tube 23 interposed between the first main tube 21 and the second main tube 22 is, in a preferred embodiment, a single layer and is divided into a two-lane road and a shoulder, and preferably has a diameter of 10 Ruler, but the invention is not intended to be limited thereto. In addition, an escape connecting pipe 24 may be provided every 50 meters to connect the first main pipe 21 and the second main pipe 22 (that is, the entrance and exit to the car lane and the train lane). Preferably, the escape connecting pipe 24 is connected at 45 degrees to the first main pipe 21 and the second main pipe 22. Preferably, the total width of the structure of the escape connecting pipe 24 from the first trunk pipe 21 through the escape pipe 23 to the second trunk pipe 22 is 60 meters, but the invention is not intended to be limited thereto.

Moreover, the materials of the first trunk pipe 21, the second trunk pipes 22, the escape pipes 23, and the escape connecting pipes 24 may be waterproofed, and the fireproof paint may be applied therein.

In summary, the tunnel body of the present invention is not limited to land construction and assembly, but In the preferred embodiment, the tunnel body of the present invention is constructed and assembled on land, and is erected 40 meters below sea level by a three-pipe sinking method, which can exceed the draft of the sea vessel and reach a safe distance. Without affecting the safety of the channel. The invention can be applied to the submarine tunnel project in the Taiwan Strait. For example, the northern section of the submarine tunnel is from Taipei Station via fresh water via Mazu to Fuzhou Changle Airport, with a total length of 196 kilometers. The middle section is from Taoyuan Aviation City via Hsinchu to Pingtan Island to Fuzhou Changle. The airport has a total length of 186 kilometers, while the southern section is 210 kilometers from Tainan via the Golden Gate to Xiamen Airport.

The detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention is intended to be limited to the scope of the invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Within the scope of the patent of the present invention.

1‧‧‧Support structure

11‧‧‧Fixed base

12‧‧‧Support

2‧‧‧ Tunnel Ontology

S ₁ ‧‧ sea level

S ₂ ‧‧‧ seabed rock disk

D ₁ ‧‧‧ Distance between sea level and tunnel body

D ₂ ‧‧‧Support structure deep into the depth of the seabed rock

Claims (8)

A method for anchoring a seabed frame in a submerged sea, comprising: fixing a support frame and deepening it to a depth of 60 cm; and placing the tunnel body on the support frame, and the tunnel system is located 40 meters below sea level The step of disposing the tunnel body on the support frame includes: sealing the first main pipe, the second main pipe and the two ends of the escape pipe; carrying the first main pipe and the second main pipe Positioning the escape tube to a position on the sea level relative to the support frame; gravity pressurizing causes the first main pipe, the second main pipe and the escape pipe to be sunk to be disposed on the support frame; and opening the first trunk a tube, the second main tube and both ends of the escape tube. The method of claim 1, wherein the tunnel body is a three-pipe construction, and includes a first main pipe, a second main pipe, and the first main pipe and the second main pipe. At least one escape tube between the two, and the escape tube is in communication with the first main tube and the second main tube through an escape link. The method of claim 2, wherein the first main pipe, the second main pipe, the escape pipe and the escape connecting pipe are a steel pipe structure. For example, the method of claim 1 is as follows, wherein the support frame is made of reinforced concrete. The method of claim 1, wherein the tunnel body is made of a steel pipe structure. The method of claim 2, wherein the first main pipe, the second main pipe and the escape pipe have a covering body outside the joint. The method of claim 6, wherein the coating system comprises an H-shaped steel, an L-shaped steel, a C-shaped steel, and a waterproof material. For example, the method described in claim 7 of the patent scope, wherein the C-shaped steel is used for internal and external structural reinforcement.