TWI506967B - Transmitter and methods for frequency partitioning and parameter determining of cognitive frequency-hopping system - Google Patents

Description

Spectrum division method, parameter determination method and transmitter for sensing frequency hopping system

The present invention relates to a frequency hopping system, and more particularly to a spectrum dividing method, a parameter determining method, and a transmitter for a perceptual frequency hopping system.

With the rapid development and application of wireless communication technology in recent years, the available communication spectrum has become insufficient and has become an increasingly precious resource. Traditionally, a licensee can use a particular spectrum for a specific purpose, while a person without a license can't use that particular spectrum even when the spectrum is idle. Such a spectrum configuration would make the optimization of spectrum utilization quite poor. At some point in some regions, the spectrum utilization rate is only 10%.

So nowadays, perceptual technology has been developed so that people without licenses can use these licensed licenses, but the interference to licensees will be minimized. Techniques such as opportunistic spectrum use (opportunistic) Spectrum access, OSA) Legacy systems coexist with cognitive radios (CRs), where the old system is also known as the primary system (PS), where the cognitive radio (CR) only detects that the spectrum is not used. This spectrum is only used. Another technique, such as spectrum sharing (SS), allows both the cognitive radio (CR) and the licensed licensee to use the spectrum, but limits the interference to users with licenses to a certain limit. That is to say, under the technology of OSA, the spectrum used by the cognitive radio (CR) is mixed with the spectrum of the old system used by the user who has the license, and under the technology of SS, the cognitive radio (CR) The spectrum used is overlapped or underlaid, and the networks established by these two technologies are called Opportunistic Spectrum Usage Aware Radio Network (OSA CRN) and Spectrum Sharing Perceptual Radio Network. (SS CRN).

Please refer to FIG. 1 , which shows a conventional perceptual spectrum partitioning scheme, in which the frequency hopping signal directly hops over the entire frequency band, and more specifically, if the spectrum is from the starting frequency f _start to the final frequency f _end . is W _T, of the spectrum bandwidth of W _T S equally divided into frequency bins, each frequency bins S W ₁ ~ W _n, the frequency bandwidth of each groove are equal, so each frequency slot The bandwidth is W _T /S, and each frequency slot and other old signals (the part of the screen shown) exist at the same time, so such spectrum division will cause interference with other old signals and affect The bit error rate (BER) of both parties.

Moreover, the Bluetooth system specification V3.0 proposes an adaptive frequency hopping method. The basic idea is to equally divide the entire spectrum, when each small spectrum carries its When the user uses it, the frequency band is not used to avoid interference. However, this method wastes part of the spectrum, making the spectrum usage rate low.

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a spectrum division method for a perceptual frequency hopping system that fully protects the primary system (PS) and fully utilizes the available spectrum of other sporadic spectrums.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the spectrum division method of the cognitive frequency hopping system includes the following steps: detecting at least one occupied frequency band area that has been occupied in a frequency band, and the part of the divided frequency band that does not belong to the occupied frequency band area is a complex sub-band And dividing each sub-band into a plurality of frequency slots, which are used for frequency hopping.

According to the spectrum division method of the above-mentioned perceptual frequency hopping system, those frequency slots of each sub-band may have a frequency shift key signal amplitude and the frequency shift key signal amplitudes have the same magnitude, wherein each sub-band is divided into multiple frequency slots. A center frequency of each frequency slot in each sub-band is equally distributed. According to the spectrum division method of the above-mentioned perceptual frequency hopping system, the method further includes the steps of: calculating the sum of the number of frequency slots as the total number of available frequency slots, and shifting the power of one of the next occupied frequency slots to the adjacent ones. Subband and change the total number of available frequency slots.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for determining a parameter of a frequency hopping system, which can generate each transmission parameter, so that the cognitive frequency hopping system can fully protect the primary system (PS) and fully utilize the available spectrum of other sporadic spectrums.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, a method for determining a parameter of the cognitive frequency hopping system includes the steps of: confirming a start frequency and a final frequency of a frequency band, confirming at least one occupied frequency band area occupied by the frequency band, and dividing the frequency band The portion that does not belong to the occupied frequency band region is a complex sub-band, wherein each occupied frequency band region has an occupied frequency bandwidth, calculates an occupied frequency bandwidth of each occupied frequency band region, calculates a sub-frequency bandwidth of each sub-band, and performs a coherent time according to one of the frequency bands. And adjusting the bandwidth width together, selecting one bit time length, determining the number of frequency slots of each sub-band according to each sub-band bandwidth and the bit time length, according to each sub-band bandwidth, the bit time length and the frequency slot of each sub-band The quantity determines one modulation factor of each sub-band, and divides each sub-band into a complex frequency slot of the number of frequency slots of the corresponding sub-bands, and determines each sub-band according to the occupied frequency bandwidth, the bit time length and the number of frequency slots. A sub-band amplitude.

The sensing frequency hopping system is configured to transmit a complex bit stream. According to the parameter determining method of the sensing frequency hopping system, the method further includes the following steps: preset a maximum amplitude, and if the sub-band amplitude of each sub-band is greater than the maximum amplitude, the reduction is performed. Subband amplitude to maximum amplitude. The number of the plurality of linear feedback shift registers is determined according to the sum of the number of frequency slots of the sub-bands, and the linear feedback shift register is used to generate a virtual random sequence corresponding to each bit stream.

It is yet another object of the present invention to provide a perceptual frequency hopping transmitter that can generate various transmission parameters and transmit a complex bit stream, and can fully protect the primary system (PS) and fully utilize the available spectrum of other sporadic spectrums.

According to still another embodiment of the present invention, the perceptual frequency hopping transmitter is configured to transmit at least one bit stream, including a perceptual engine, a parameter generator, and One less stream transmission module, the perceptual engine is configured to detect at least one sub-band that is not occupied, the parameter generator receives the sub-band detected by the perceptual engine, and the parameter generator is configured to generate a one-bit time length, one The modulation factor, a sub-band amplitude, a linear feedback displacement register number and a complex center frequency, and the bit stream transmission module is electrically connected to the parameter generator. The bit stream transfer module comprises a frequency shift key modulator, a gain adjuster, a virtual random sequence generator, a frequency synthesizer and a synthesis module, a frequency shift key modulator and a parameter generator and the above bits a galvanic connection for receiving a bit time length and a modulation factor, and generating a frequency shift key signal, the gain adjuster being electrically connected to the frequency shift key modulator and the parameter generator for receiving the frequency shift key Signal and sub-band amplitude, and adjusting the amplitude of the frequency shift key signal to the sub-band amplitude to generate a gain frequency shift key signal, and the virtual random sequence generator is electrically connected to the parameter generator for receiving the linear feedback shift register And generating a virtual random sequence, the frequency synthesizer is electrically connected to the virtual random sequence generator and the parameter generator for receiving the virtual random sequence and the center frequencies, and generating a frequency hopping frequency, the synthesis module and The gain adjuster and the frequency synthesizer are electrically connected to synthesize the gain frequency shift key signal and the frequency hopping frequency into a one-bit stream transmission signal.

According to the above-mentioned perceptual frequency hopping transmitter, wherein the frequency shift key modulator can be a one-bit frequency shift key modulator, and the synthesis module can be a multiplication module. The above-mentioned perceptual frequency hopping transmitter may further comprise a plurality of user modules, a plurality of user modules and a squaring module, wherein each user module is electrically connected to the perceptual engine, and each user module comprises a parameter generator and a plurality of the above-mentioned bit stream transfer modules, wherein the pre-summary module is electrically connected to one bit stream of each user module The transmission module integrates the bit stream transmission signals into a pre-summary signal, and the summary module is electrically connected to the pre-total module and integrates the pre-summary signals into a transmission signal. The pre-integrated module and the collective module can each be an add-on module.

Steps S110, S120, S131, S132, S140, S141, S142, S143, S144, S145, S151, S152, S160‧‧

101‧‧‧Perception Engine

200‧‧‧ parameter generator

300‧‧‧ bit stream transfer module

310‧‧‧Frequency shift key modulator

320‧‧‧Gain adjuster

330‧‧‧Virtual Random Sequence Generator

340‧‧‧ frequency synthesizer

350‧‧‧Synthesis module

400‧‧‧User Module

500‧‧‧Pre-synthesis module

600‧‧‧General modules

A ₁ , A _C ‧‧‧ subband amplitude

B ₁ , B ₂ ‧‧‧ occupied frequency bandwidth

C ₁ , C ₂ , C _C ‧ ‧ sub-band

f ₁ , f ₂ , f _C ‧‧‧ center frequency set of frequency bins for each sub-band

f ₁ ', f ₂ ', f _S '‧‧‧ the center frequency of the frequency bin of the prior art

f ₁₁ , f ₁₂ , f _1N1 ‧‧‧ center frequency of the frequency bin of the sub-band C ₁

f _high1 ‧‧‧The highest frequency of the occupied band area G ₁

f _{low1 ‧‧‧The} lowest frequency of the occupied band area G ₁

F _end ‧‧‧ final frequency

f _start ‧‧‧start frequency

G ₁ , G ₂ ‧‧‧ occupied band

W ₁ , W ₂ , W _C ‧‧‧ subband bandwidth

Frequency slot width of conventional techniques of W ₁ ', W ₂ ', W _n '‧‧

W _T ‧‧‧Band bandwidth

Number of frequency slots for S‧‧‧ known technology

s ₁₁ , s ₁₂ , s _{1N1 ‧‧ ‧} frequency bin of sub-band C ₁

The first figure shows a schematic diagram of a conventional perceptual spectrum division.

FIG. 2A is a schematic diagram showing a spectrum division method of a perceptual frequency hopping system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 2B is a schematic diagram showing the frequency bins of a sub-band of Figure 2A.

FIG. 3A is a flow chart showing a method for determining a parameter of a perceptual frequency hopping system according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3B is a flow chart showing the step S640 of Fig. 3A.

4 is a block diagram of a perceptual frequency hopping transmitter in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a method for detecting a frequency hopping system according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the three scenarios, when the power spectral density of other systems is equal to 10-13 (Watt/Hz), the conventional frequency hopping code division multiple access ( Bit error rate (BER) comparison chart for FH-CDMA).

Referring to FIG. 2A and FIG. 2B , FIG. 2A is a schematic diagram showing a spectrum division method of a perceptual frequency hopping system according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2B is a diagram showing each frequency of the sub-band C ₁ of FIG. 2A . Schematic diagram of the trough. The method for dividing the spectrum includes detecting the occupied frequency band area in a frequency band, such as the occupied frequency band area G ₁ and the occupied frequency band area G ₂ , wherein the highest frequency of the occupied frequency band area G ₁ is f _high1 , and the occupied frequency band area G the most low-frequency ₁ is f _low1, G ₁ from the highest frequency f _high1 to the lowest frequency f _low1 having an occupied bandwidth B _1, and similarly, the occupied band region G ₂ having an occupied frequency band B _2, wherein the frequency band from a start frequency The bandwidth from f _start to the final frequency f _end is W _T .

Then, the portion of the divided frequency band that does not belong to the occupied frequency band regions G1 and G2 and the like is a complex sub-band, such as the sub-band C ₁ , the sub-band C ₂ to the sub-band C _C , and the bandwidth of the sub-band C ₁ is the sub-band bandwidth W ₁ , and the sub-frequency bandwidth W ₁ is from the start frequency f _{start of the} band bandwidth W _T to the lowest frequency f _{low1 of the} occupied band region G ₁ , and the bandwidth of the sub-band C ₂ is the sub-band bandwidth W ₂ , the sub-band bandwidth W ₂ system from the highest frequency occupied band region G ₁ G ₂ is the lowest frequency to f _high1 area occupied band, and so on, C _C subband bandwidth is sub-bandwidth W _C. The sub-bands C ₁ and C ₂ to C _{C are} each divided into a plurality of frequency slots. For example, the divided sub-band C ₁ is a frequency slot s ₁₁ and a frequency slot s ₁₂ to a frequency slot s _1N1 . These frequency slots are used for frequency hopping. The frequency slots of each sub-band may have a frequency shift key signal amplitude, and the frequency shift key signals of the frequency slots in each sub-band have the same amplitude, but different sub-bands may have different frequency shift key signal amplitudes, such as Each frequency slot s ₁₁ , s ₁₂ to s _{1N1 of the} sub-band C ₁ has a frequency shift key amplitude A ₁ , and the frequency slots of the sub-band C ₂ both have a frequency shift key amplitude A ₂ and a frequency slot of the sub-band C _C . Both have a frequency shift key amplitude A _C , and the frequency shift key amplitude A ₁ and the frequency shift key amplitude A ₂ can be different in size.

Wherein each sub-band is divided into a plurality of frequency bins can be uniformly allocated a center frequency of each frequency bins in each subband, subband e.g. C _1, the sub-sub-band equal distribution of bandwidth W is _a C ₁ to N1 frequency bins s ₁₁ , s ₁₂ to s _1N1 , the center frequencies of the respective frequency slots s ₁₁ , s ₁₂ to s _1N1 are f ₁₁ , f ₁₂ to f _1N1 , respectively, so that the center frequencies f ₁₁ , f ₁₂ to f _{1N1 are} equally divided. The frequency bandwidth W ₁ represents a set of center frequencies f ₁₁ , f ₁₂ to f _1N1 of the sub-band C ₁ at a center frequency f ₁ . Similarly, the manner in which the sub-bands C ₂ to C _C divide the frequency slots is similar to the frequency slot division manner of the sub-band C ₁ described above, and the bandwidth of each frequency slot is equally distributed in each sub-band, so the center frequency f ₂ represents A set of center frequencies of the respective frequency bins of the sub-band C ₂ , and f _C represents a set of center frequencies of the respective frequency bins of the sub-band C _C . In order to maintain the power of the entire frequency hopping system, when any frequency slot is occupied by other systems, the power of the frequency slots occupied by other systems is allocated to the adjacent frequency slots, so the frequency slots of different subbands The signal power can be different, and the sum of the number of frequency slots available for frequency hopping also changes, and the frequency hopping system is sensed to transmit the bit stream, so the hopping sequence and period of each bit stream to be transmitted also The frequency slots are changed by other systems.

Please refer to FIG. 3A and FIG. 3B , FIG. 3A is a flowchart of a method for determining a parameter of a frequency hopping system according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3B is a diagram of step S640 of FIG. 3A . Flow chart. The above-mentioned perceptual frequency hopping system is used to transmit a bit stream, and the above parameter determination method comprises the following steps.

Step S110 confirms a start frequency f _start and a final frequency f _end of a frequency band having a bandwidth W _T .

Step S120: confirm at least one occupied frequency band area G that has been occupied in the bandwidth of the frequency band W _T , and the part of the divided frequency band that does not belong to the occupied frequency band area G is a plurality of sub-bands C , wherein each occupied frequency band area G _|G| has An occupied frequency bandwidth B _|G| .

Step S131 is calculated for each region occupied band _{G |} G _| of the frequency band occupied by a B _{| G |.}

Step S132 calculates a sub-frequency bandwidth W _{c of} each sub-band C _c , where c = 1, ..., C, C represents the number of sub-bands.

Step S140 calculates, for each sub-band C _c , a bit time length T, a modulation factor h _c , a sub-band amplitude A _{c ,} and a number of frequency slots N _c , where c=1, . . . , C, C represents a sub-band number. Referring to FIG. 3B, step S640 includes the following steps S141 to S145.

Step S141 selects a bit time length T according to one of the frequency band W _T coherent time Δt, the same frequency modulation width Δf, and a modulation factor h, and the conditional expression of the bit time length T is as follows: When the length of the bit time T is calculated for the first time, the modulation factor h can be preset to be 1. The bit lengths of different bit streams are the same.

Or for orthogonal continuous phase frequency shift keying (CPFSK), h=1, then

Step S142 determines the number of frequency slots N _{c of} each sub-band C _c according to each sub-band bandwidth W _c and the bit time length T, wherein , c=1,...,C.

Where for a real number a, the symbol a Represents the largest integer not greater than a. So take The sub-band that has not been used can be maximized.

Step S143 The respective sub-bandwidth W _C, and each bit time length T of the frequency sub-band number of slots C _c N _c, determines one of each sub-band modulation factor C _c h _c, where , c=1,...,C.

Step S144 divides each sub-band C _c into a complex frequency slot of the number of frequency slots N _c of the respective sub-bands, and specifies a center frequency f _{c of} each frequency slot, where c=1, . . . , C. The center frequency of each frequency slot is evenly distributed in each sub-band, so the bandwidth of each frequency slot is W _c /N _c , c=1, 2, 3, ..., C, C represents the sub-band The number, W _c is the sub-band bandwidth, N _c is the number of frequency slots of the sub-band, and the center frequency f _c is the set of the center frequencies of the frequency slots of the sub-band.

The step S145 occupied bandwidth B _{| G |,} the length of the number of bits of time slot and frequency T N _c, C _c determined for each one of the sub-band subband amplitude A _c, wherein , c = 2,..., C -1; , c =1, C .

The sub-band amplitude A _c can be used as the frequency shift key signal amplitude A _c as shown in FIG. 1 , where c=1, . . . , C, and C represent the number of sub-bands. Wherein A' is a preset sub-band amplitude, that is, a preset frequency band amplitude when the above-mentioned frequency band operates in a general non-sense frequency hopping system, and a general non-sense frequency hopping system may employ, for example, non-perceptive frequency hopping code division multiple access (FH- CDMA) systems, etc.

In the fading channels, the transmitter may also adopt a transmit power control (TPC) according to the channel state of the original spectrum resource allocation to achieve an optimized bit error rate (BER). This embodiment adopts the same The power allocation of the frequency slots in the sub-band is fixed, making the overall system simpler. Therefore, when a frequency slot is occupied by other systems, the power of the occupied frequency slot is reallocated into other sub-bands, for example, the power of the occupied frequency slot is evenly distributed to the adjacent available two sub-bands. , you can have the following relationship: , c = 2,... C -1, the frequency slot of the FH-CDMA frequency slot in the above formula is 4/T, so the aforementioned , c = 2,..., C -1.

For the first frequency slot (c=1) and the Cth frequency slot (c=C), the redistributed power can only be allocated to one adjacent sub-band, so , c =1, C .

Step S151 presets a maximum amplitude A _max . If the sub-band amplitude A _{c of} any sub-band C _c is greater than the maximum amplitude A _max , the sub-band amplitude A _c to the maximum amplitude A _max is reduced, where c=1,... , C, and C represent the number of sub-bands.

Step S152 determines the number N of a plurality of linear feedback shift registers (LFSRs) according to the total sum L of the number of frequency slots N _c of the sub-band C , and randomly assigns any initial seed ψ ₁ to each element. The stream, where l=1,...,L, and l can be preset to be related to time t (t>0), and the calculation formula of N is as follows:

In order to avoid the Mk bit stream of the kth user from hopping collision at the same time, it needs to be satisfied. Where L represents the sum of the number of all frequency slots, that is, the total number of frequency slots can be used, and the frequency hopping sequence m can be shortened to not less than the total number of available frequency slots L, so that at most L bit streams can be properly configured, and the shortened The hopping sequence can be represented by a set ψ ₁ (ψ ₁ , ψ ₂ ,...,ψ _L ), where , l=1, 2,..., L; where for a real number a, a Represents the integer part of the real number a, T is the length of the bit time, and t is the time.

Step S160 returns the bit length T, the modulation factor h _c , the sub-band amplitude A _c , the number N of the linear feedback shift register (LFSR), and the number of frequency slots N _c , where c=1,..., C, C represents the number of subbands.

Therefore, it can be seen that for each bit stream, the bit time length T is fixed, but the sub-band amplitude A _c , the modulation factor h _c and the hopping sequence are varied.

Please refer to FIG. 4 and refer to the above. FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a perceptual frequency hopping transmitter according to another embodiment of the present invention. The present embodiment can be applied to a transmitter of a FH-CDMA downlink. The perceptual frequency hopping transmitter is configured to generate each transmission parameter and transmit a complex bit stream d _k,1 [n] to d _{k, Mk} [n], where k represents the kth user, and Mk represents the kth user to transmit Mk bit stream, where the bit index n is Where t is time and T is the length of the bit time, and it can be seen from the former that the bit index n and the time t can be mutually represented.

The perceptual frequency hopping transmitter includes a perceptual engine 101, a plurality of user modules 400, a pre-collective module 500, and a collective module 600. The sensing engine 101 is configured to detect at least one sub-band that is not occupied. Each user module 400 represents a k-th user, and each user module 400 is electrically connected to the sensing engine 101. Each user module 400 includes a parameter generator 200 and a plurality of bit stream transfer modules 300. The parameter generator 200 receives the sub-band detected by the perceptual engine 101, and the parameter generator 200 generates a bit time. The length T, a modulation factor h _c , a sub-band amplitude A _c , a linear feedback shift register (LFSR) number N, and a complex center frequency f _c . The bit stream transfer module 300 is electrically connected to the parameter generator 200. The bit stream transfer module 300 includes a frequency shift key modulator 310, a gain adjuster 320, a virtual random sequence generator 330, and a frequency synthesis. The device 340 and a synthesis module 350.

The frequency shift key modulator 310 is electrically connected to the parameter generator 200 and the bit stream d _{k, Mk} [n] for receiving the bit time length T and the modulation factor h _c and generating a frequency shift key. Signal. The gain adjuster 320 is electrically connected to the frequency shift key modulator 310 and the parameter generator 200 for receiving the frequency shift key signal and the sub-band amplitude A _k,1 [n], and adjusting the amplitude of the frequency shift key signal. The band amplitude produces a gain frequency shift key signal. The virtual random sequence generator 330 is electrically connected to the parameter generator 200 for receiving the number N of linear feedback shift registers and generating a suitable PN sequence. The frequency synthesizer 340 is electrically connected to the virtual random sequence generator 330 and the parameter generator 2000 for receiving a virtual random sequence (PN sequence) and those center frequencies f _c and generating a frequency hopping frequency f _k,1 [n] . The synthesizing module 350 is electrically connected to the gain adjuster 320 and the frequency synthesizer 340 for synthesizing the gain frequency shift key signal and the frequency hopping frequency f _k,1 [n] into a one-bit stream transmission signal s _k,1 ( t). The frequency shift key modulator 310 can be a one-bit frequency shift key modulator (FSK modulator), and the synthesis module 350 can be a multiplication module.

The pre-assembly module 500 is electrically connected to one bit stream transfer module 300 of each user module 400, and integrates those bit stream transfer signals s _k,1 (t) into a pre-summary signal. The collective module 600 is electrically connected to the pre-summary module 500, and integrates the pre-summary signals into a transmission signal s(t). The pre-integrated module and the collective module can each be an add-on module.

The modulation factor generated by the parameter generator 200 for the nth bit of the mth bit stream may be expressed as follows: h _k,m [n]=2Δf _k,m [n]T, where Δf _{k, m} represents the frequency deviation of the mth bit stream of the kth user. Therefore, the instantaneous frequency f _inst [n] can be expressed as f _inst [n]=f _k,m [n]+d _k,m [n]Δf _k,m [n], where the binary data d _k,m [ n] can be "+1" or "-1", and the probability of "+1" or "-1" is the same.

Therefore, the relationship between n and t is combined. Available: among them Indicates the carrier amplitude, ie the subband amplitude; and ψ _k,m (t) is defined as follows: Therefore, the transmitted signal s(t) is

It can be seen from the above that in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, the sub-band amplitude and the modulation factor for each sub-band are consistent, and for a bit stream that hops between C sub-bands, the c-th sub-band The probability of suspension is as follows: , N _c >0.

The average bit error rate (BER) of these C subbands is as follows: Where P _e,h represents the probability of the CPFSK signal at the modulation factor h.

Please refer to FIG. 5, which illustrates a bit error rate (BER) comparison diagram of a perceptual frequency hopping system and a conventional frequency hopping code division multiple access (FH-CDMA) in three scenarios according to an embodiment of the present invention. Other existing systems have a power spectral density (PSD) of 10 ^-13 (Watt/Hz). By comparing the bit error rate (BER) of a perceptual frequency hopping system and a conventional frequency hopping system in accordance with the present invention in three different examples (Scenario 1, Context 2, and Scenario 3), the perception in accordance with the present invention can be seen. The frequency hopping system has a better bit error rate.

The situation 1, the situation 2, the situation 3 and the various parameters calculated according to the above are listed as follows:

When the total available band width is set to 5 MHz, the relevant data is as shown in the above table. Since context 1 has no other systems coexisting, our perceptual frequency hopping system performs the same as the bit error rate of the traditional frequency hopping system. However, when other systems coexist (Scenario 2, Situation 3), the perceptual frequency hopping system according to the present invention has a better bit error rate than the conventional frequency hopping system. Where in scenario 2, the perceptual frequency hopping system in accordance with the present invention has a better bit error rate than in context 3.

It will be apparent from the above-described embodiments of the present invention that the application of the present invention has the following advantages.

1. Full protection of the main system (PS), which can coexist with multiple legacy system signals at the same time, but does not interfere with the old system signals.

2. Fully utilize other sporadic available spectrum on the spectrum to achieve excellent spectrum utilization.

3. Adaptability, can be continuously adjusted to produce the best parameters. Especially when the old system signal is increased, the old system signal can still be well protected.

4. Compared with the traditional frequency hopping system, the invention can have a better bit error rate.

Although the present invention has been disclosed in the above embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention, and the present invention can be modified and modified without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The scope is subject to the definition of the scope of the patent application attached.

A ₁ , A ₂ , A _C ‧‧‧ subband amplitude

B ₁ , B ₂ ‧‧‧ occupied frequency bandwidth

C ₁ , C ₂ , C _C ‧ ‧ sub-band

G ₁ , G ₂ ‧‧‧ occupied band

W ₁ , W ₂ , W _C ‧‧‧ subband bandwidth

W _T ‧‧‧ band

f ₁ , f ₂ , f _C ‧‧‧ center frequency set of frequency bins for each sub-band

f _start ‧‧‧start frequency

F _end ‧‧‧ final frequency

f _high1 ‧‧‧The highest frequency in the first occupied frequency band

f _{low1 ‧‧‧the} lowest frequency of the first occupied frequency band

Claims (17)

A spectrum division method for a frequency hopping system, comprising the steps of: detecting at least one occupied frequency band region occupied in a frequency band; dividing a portion of the frequency band that does not belong to the occupied frequency band region into a plurality of sub-bands; dividing each of the sub-bands The frequency band is a complex frequency slot, wherein the frequency slots are used for frequency hopping; calculating the sum of the number of frequency slots is a total number of available frequency slots; and shifting the power of one of the next occupied frequency slots to the phase The sub-bands of the neighbors and change the total number of available frequency slots. The frequency division method of the perceptual frequency hopping system of claim 1, wherein each of the frequency bins has a frequency shift key signal amplitude and the frequency shift key signals have the same amplitude. The frequency division method of the perceptual frequency hopping system of claim 1, wherein the step of dividing each of the sub-bands into the frequency slots further comprises equally allocating a center frequency of each of the frequency bins in each of the sub-bands. A parameter determining method for a frequency hopping system, comprising the steps of: confirming a start frequency and a final frequency of a frequency band; confirming at least one occupied frequency band area occupied by the frequency band, and dividing The portion of the frequency band that does not belong to the occupied frequency band region is a plurality of sub-bands, wherein each of the occupied frequency band regions has an occupied frequency bandwidth; calculating the occupied frequency bandwidth of each of the occupied frequency band regions; and calculating a sub-frequency of each of the sub-bands Bandwidth; selecting one bit time length according to one of the frequency band coherence time and the same frequency modulation band; determining the number of frequency slots of each of the subbands according to each of the subband bandwidth and the bit time length; according to each of the subbands The bandwidth, the length of the bit time, and the number of the frequency slots of the sub-band determine a modulation factor of each of the sub-bands; and each of the sub-bands is a complex frequency slot of the number of the frequency slots of the corresponding sub-bands And determining a sub-band amplitude of each of the sub-bands according to the occupied frequency bandwidth, the length of the bit time, and the number of the frequency slots. The parameter determining method of the sensing frequency hopping system of claim 4, further comprising: presetting a maximum amplitude; and if the sub-band amplitude of each of the sub-bands is greater than the maximum amplitude, reducing the sub-band amplitudes to the maximum amplitude. The parameter determining method of the sensing frequency hopping system of claim 4, wherein the sensing frequency hopping system is configured to transmit a complex bit stream, and the parameter determining method further comprises: The number of the plurality of linear feedback shift registers is determined according to the sum of the number of the frequency slots of the sub-bands, and the linear feedback shift registers are used to generate each of the virtual random sequences corresponding to each of the bit streams. The parameter determining method of the sensing frequency hopping system of claim 4, wherein the step of dividing the sub-bands into the plurality of frequency slots of the frequency slots of the respective sub-bands further comprises: setting a center frequency of each of the frequency slots for: Wherein c represents the sub-band for some of the c-th sub-band, f _c the center frequency for the channel frequency, W _c is the phase of the sub-grooves should frequency sub-band of the frequency band, N _c relative frequency should The number of frequency slots of the subband of the slot. The method for determining a parameter of the perceptual frequency hopping system of claim 4, wherein the number of the frequency slots of each subband is: Wherein c represents the sub-band for some of the c-th subband, N _c the number of sub-bands for frequency bin, c denotes the sub-band for some of the c-th sub-band, W _c of that sub-band The sub-band bandwidth, T is the bit length of the bit. The parameter determining method of the perceptual frequency hopping system of claim 4, wherein the modulation factor of each subband is: Wherein H _c for sub-band of the modulation factor, c denotes the sub-band for some of the c-th subband, N _c the number of frequency bins for the subband, W _c for the frequency sub-subbands of Bandwidth, T is the length of time of the bit. The parameter determining method of the sensing frequency hopping system of claim 4, wherein the sub-band amplitudes of the sub-bands are: and _C wherein A is the amplitude of a sub-band of the sub-band, c denotes the sub-band for some of the c-th sub-band, C-band for some of the sub-total, A 'is a predetermined sub-band amplitude, N _c for sub-band of the frequency bin number, B _c for the occupied bandwidth, T for the bit time length. The parameter determining method of the sensing frequency hopping system of claim 6, wherein the linear feedback shift register number N makes Wherein the total number of C for some sub-bands, c denotes the sub-band for some of the c-th subband, N _c the number of frequency bins for these subbands the c subbands. A perceptual frequency hopping transmitter for transmitting at least one meta-stream, the perceptual hopping transmitter comprising: a perceptual engine for detecting at least one sub-band that is not occupied; and a parameter generator that receives the The sub-band detected by the perceptual engine, and the parameter generator is configured to generate a bit time length, a modulation factor, a sub-band amplitude, a linear feedback shift register number, and a complex center frequency; and at least a bit stream transfer module, the bit stream transfer module is electrically connected to the parameter generator, the bit stream transfer module comprises: a frequency shift key modulator, the parameter generator and the bit a galvanic connection for receiving the bit length and the modulation factor, and generating a frequency shift key signal; a gain adjuster electrically connected to the frequency shift key modulator and the parameter generator Receiving the frequency shift key signal and the amplitude of the sub-band, and adjusting the amplitude of the frequency shift key signal to the amplitude of the sub-band to generate a gain frequency shift key signal; a virtual random sequence generator, which is generated by the parameter Electrical connection for connection The linear feedback shifts the number of registers and generates a virtual random sequence; a frequency synthesizer electrically coupled to the virtual random sequence generator and the parameter generator for receiving the virtual random sequence and the a center frequency and a frequency hopping frequency; and a synthesis module electrically coupled to the gain adjuster and the frequency synthesizer for using the gain frequency shift key signal and the frequency hopping frequency The rate is synthesized into a single stream to transmit signals. The perceptual frequency hopping transmitter of claim 12, wherein the frequency shift key modulator is a one-bit frequency shift key modulator. The perceptual frequency hopping transmitter of claim 12, wherein the synthesizing module is a multiplying module. The perceptual frequency hopping transmitter of the request item 12, if the multi-bit stream transmission module is included, the perceptual frequency hopping transmitter further includes: an omnibus module electrically connected to the bit stream transmission modules, and The bit stream transmission signals are integrated into a transmission signal. The perceptual frequency hopping transmitter of claim 12, further comprising: a plurality of user modules, each of the user modules being electrically connected to the perceptual engine, each user module comprising a parameter generator and a plurality of the bit elements a streaming module; a plurality of pre-integration modules electrically connected to one of the user module and the bit stream transmission module, and integrating the bit stream transmission signals into a pre-summary signal; The module is electrically connected to the pre-summary modules and integrates the pre-summary signals into a transmission signal. Such as the perceptual frequency hopping transmitter of claim 16, wherein each of the pre-summary The module and the collective module are each an add-on module.