TWI505654B - Optical network system - Google Patents

Description

Optical network system

This invention relates to a network system and, more particularly, to an optical network system.

In recent years, with the rapid development of optical fiber communication, the use of fiber grating sensors and fiber optic components for distributed sensing has gradually gained attention. Specifically, since the fiber sensing has the advantages of being free from electromagnetic interference, small in size, wide frequency, and easy to transmit signals, the fiber grating sensor and the optical fiber component are used to sense changes in strain, temperature, pressure, current, gas, and the like. Application is also a topic of development in related fields.

Taking the application of fiber sensing in civil engineering and other fields as an example, the fiber grating sensor and the fiber component can be embedded or adhered to the structure through the arrangement of the fiber sensing system to make the structure feel in the structure. The measurement system has the ability to monitor the strain of the structure and thus enable intelligent civil structures.

However, in general, it is very common to cause fiber component breakage or damage during civil engineering construction, and this will cause the fiber sensing system to fail. Therefore, how to make the fiber network have debugging, fault tolerance, and automatic switching routing functions is one of the important topics for the development of fiber sensing systems.

The invention provides an optical network system with good reconstruction and expansion functions.

The optical network system of the present invention includes an optical transceiver unit and at least one optical network unit. The optical transceiver unit is configured to provide a detection beam. The at least one optical network unit includes an outer annular optical path, an inner annular optical path, at least one first optical path switching unit, and at least one sensor. The inner annular optical path is surrounded by the outer annular optical path, wherein the detecting light beam from the optical transceiver unit enters the inner annular optical path via the outer annular optical path. The at least one first optical path switching unit is disposed on the outer annular optical path and the inner annular optical path, and is configured to switch between an interlaced mode and a non-interlaced mode. When the first optical path switching unit switches to the interlaced mode, the outer annular optical path and the inner annular optical path communicate with each other through the first optical path switching unit. When the first optical path switching unit switches to the non-interlaced mode, the outer annular optical path and the inner annular optical path cannot communicate with each other through the first optical path switching unit. The at least one sensor is disposed on the inner annular optical path, and configured to convert at least a portion of the detected light beam into a converted light beam, wherein the optical transceiver unit is configured to sense the converted light beam, and the parameters of the converted light beam are received by the sensor. The physical quantity of the outside varies.

In an embodiment of the invention, the at least one optical network unit is a plurality of optical network units, and the optical network system further includes at least one remote node. The remote node connects the adjacent optical network units. The at least one remote node and the optical transceiver unit are respectively located on one end of the plurality of shared optical paths. Portions of the adjacent optical network units share a common optical path with each other, and the detection beam is transmitted to each optical network via a portion of at least one remote node and a portion of the shared optical path. In each sensor of the road unit.

In an embodiment of the invention, each of the remote nodes includes a plurality of second optical path switching units. The second optical path switching units are connected to each other and form a plurality of apertures of each remote node, and each of the second optical path switching units is configured to switch between an interlaced mode and a non-interlaced mode. When the second optical path switching units switch to one of the interlaced modes, the non-interlaced modes, and a combination thereof, the detecting beam is transmitted from one of the apertures to the remote node and transmitted from one of the remaining apertures End node.

In an embodiment of the invention, each of the remote nodes includes four second optical path switching units, and the four second optical path switching units form six apertures of each remote node, and the detection beam is from one of the The aperture is passed to each remote node and the remote node is passed from any of the other five apertures.

In an embodiment of the invention, each of the remote nodes includes three second optical path switching units, and the three second optical path switching units form six apertures of each remote node, and the detection beam is from one of the The aperture is passed to each remote node and the remote node is passed from one of the other five apertures.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the outer annular optical line is formed by connecting a plurality of first optical fibers, the first optical path switching units, and at least one remote node, an optical transceiver unit, and a combination thereof, and is located at each These first fibers on the shared optical path are shared by adjacent two optical network elements.

In an embodiment of the invention, the inner annular light is routed to the plurality of second optical fibers, and the first optical path switching units are coupled to the sensors.

In an embodiment of the invention, each of the first optical path switching units is connected to two first optical fibers and two second optical fibers.

In an embodiment of the invention, when each of the first optical path switching units is switched to the non-interlaced mode, each of the first optical path switching units causes the transmission path of the detection beam to be transmitted from one of the first optical fibers to another An optical fiber is transmitted from one of the second optical fibers to the other of the second optical fibers, so that the detected light beam continues to be transmitted in the outer annular optical path or the inner annular optical path after passing through the respective first optical path switching units.

In an embodiment of the invention, when each of the first optical path switching units is switched to the interlace mode, each of the first optical path switching units causes the transmission path of the detection beam to be the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber from one side. Passing the other of the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber to the other side, so that the detecting light beam transmitted through one of the outer annular optical path and the inner annular optical path is transmitted to the outer annular optical path and the inner optical path through the first optical path switching unit The other of the ring light paths.

In an embodiment of the invention, each of the sensors converts at least a portion of the detected beam into a converted beam by reflecting a portion of the detected beam having a specific parameter, and the specific parameter is received by the sensor. The physical quantities of the outside vary, and the specific parameters are the parameters of the converted beam.

In an embodiment of the invention, the at least one sensor is a plurality of sensors, and the parameters of the converted beams formed by the sensors are different from each other.

In an embodiment of the invention, the parameter of the converted beam is the wavelength of the converted beam.

In an embodiment of the invention, each of the sensors is a fiber Bragg Grating.

In an embodiment of the invention, each of the sensors receives a physical quantity of stress or temperature.

Based on the above, the optical network system of the embodiment of the present invention can control the appropriate path of detecting the traveling of the light beam through the technique of mode switching of the first optical path switching unit. In this way, even if the optical network system is damaged, the network system can be reconstructed according to the location of the area to be detected and the location of the breakpoint, and the monitoring function can still be maintained. In addition, in the optical network system of the embodiment of the present invention, the optical network unit of the optical network system can be expanded to increase the detection range. In this way, the sensing capacity of the optical network system can be effectively improved, and thus it is also possible to have more complete reconstruction functions and expansion functions.

The above described features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following description.

70‧‧‧Detecting beam

80, 80λ1, 80λ2, 80λ3, 80λ4, 80λ5, 80λ6‧‧‧ converted beam

100, 300, 500, 900, 1000‧‧‧ optical network system

110‧‧‧Optical transceiver unit

111‧‧‧ switch

120, 120R1, 120R2, 120R3, 120R4, 120R5, 120R6, 120RN‧‧‧ optical network unit

121‧‧‧Outer ring light path

121a, 121a1, 121a2, 121ac‧‧‧ first fiber

123‧‧‧ Inner ring light path

123a, 123a1, 123a2‧‧‧ second fiber

124, 124λ1, 124λ2, 124λ3, 124λ4, 124λ5, 124λ6‧‧‧ sensors

130, 130N1, 130N2, 130N3, 130N4, 130N5, 130N6, 730, 1130‧‧‧ remote node

SU, SUR1a, SUR1b, SUR1c, SUR2a, SUR2b, SUR2c, SUN1a, SUN1b, SUN1c, SUN1d‧‧‧ optical path switching unit

A1, a2, a3, a4, A1, B1, C1, D1, A3, B3, C3, D3, A2, B2, C2, D2, A4, B4, C4, D4‧‧

E1, E2, E3, E4, E5, E6‧‧‧

CT‧‧‧Shared light path

FIG. 1A is a schematic structural diagram of an optical network system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 1B is a schematic diagram showing the internal structure of an optical transceiver unit of the embodiment of FIG. 1A.

2A is a front elevational view showing a first optical path switching unit of the embodiment of FIG. 1A.

2B and FIG. 2C are schematic diagrams of optical paths of the first optical path switching unit of the embodiment of FIG. 2A in different switching modes.

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical network system according to another embodiment of the present invention.

4A and FIG. 4B are schematic diagrams of optical paths when the optical network system of the embodiment of FIG. 1A and the embodiment of FIG. 3 have a fiber component damage.

5A and 5B are schematic diagrams showing the architecture of an optical network system according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6A is a schematic diagram of the appearance of a remote node in the embodiment of FIG. 5A.

FIG. 6B is a schematic diagram showing the internal structure of the remote node of the embodiment of FIG. 6A.

6C and 6D are schematic diagrams of different path patterns of the remote node of the embodiment of FIG. 6A.

FIG. 7A is a schematic diagram of the appearance of another remote node in the embodiment of FIG. 5. FIG.

FIG. 7B is a schematic diagram showing the internal structure of the remote node of the embodiment of FIG. 7A.

7C and 7D are schematic diagrams of different path patterns of the remote node of the embodiment of FIG. 7A.

8A and FIG. 8B are schematic diagrams showing the optical path of the optical network system of the embodiment of FIG. 5A in the case where the optical fiber component is damaged.

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical network system according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical network system according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11A is a schematic diagram of the appearance of a remote node according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11B is a schematic diagram showing the internal structure of the remote node of the embodiment of FIG. 11A.

Figure 11C is a schematic diagram of a path pattern of the remote node of the embodiment of Figure 11A.

FIG. 1A is a schematic structural diagram of an optical network system according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1B is a schematic diagram showing the internal structure of an optical transceiver unit of the embodiment of FIG. 1A. Referring to FIG. 1A, the optical network system 100 of the present embodiment includes an optical transceiver unit 110 and at least one optical network unit 120. Specifically, in the embodiment, the optical transceiver unit 110 can be used to provide a detection beam 70, wherein the detection beam 70 can simultaneously have various wavelengths of light. For example, the detection beam 70 can have a continuous wide spectrum. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1B, the optical transceiver unit 110 can control the transmission path of the transmission and reception detection beam 70 through different switching modes of the switch 111. In addition, in the embodiment, the optical network system 100 is, for example, a fiber optic sensing system, and the optical transceiver unit 110 can be, for example, a central control room (CO) of the fiber optic sensing system.

On the other hand, in the embodiment, the optical network unit 120 includes an outer annular optical path 121, an inner annular optical path 123, at least one first optical path switching unit SU, and at least one sensor 124. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the inner annular optical path 123 is surrounded by the outer annular optical path 121. More specifically, the inner annular optical path 123 is formed by a plurality of second optical fibers 123a and a first optical path switching unit SU connected to the sensors 124, and the outer annular optical path 121 is composed of a plurality of first optical fibers 121a and a first optical path. The switching unit SU and the optical transceiver unit 110 are connected and formed. In other words, as shown in FIG. 1A, the first optical path switching unit SU is disposed on the outer annular optical path 121 and the inner annular optical path 123, and the sensor 124 is disposed on the inner annular optical path 123.

Further, in this embodiment, the first optical path switching unit SU can be used to switch between an interlaced mode and a non-interlaced mode, and can be switched by switching its mode. The transmission path of the detecting beam 70 is changed so that the detecting beam 70 from the optical transceiver unit 110 enters the inner annular optical path 123 via the outer annular optical path 121 and can be detected by the sensor 124. The switching mode of the first optical path switching unit SU will be further described below with reference to FIGS. 2A and 2B.

2A is a front elevational view showing a first optical path switching unit of the embodiment of FIG. 1A. 2B and FIG. 2C are schematic diagrams of optical paths of the first optical path switching unit of the embodiment of FIG. 2 in different switching modes. Referring to FIG. 2A, in the embodiment, the first optical path switching unit SU includes four contacts a1, a2, a3, and a4, and the contacts a3 and a4 are respectively connected to the two first optical fibers 121a and the contacts a1 and a2, respectively. Connected to the second second optical fiber 123a. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2B, when the first optical path switching unit SU switches to the non-interlaced mode, the first optical path switching unit SU can make the transmission path of the detecting beam 70 from one of the first optical fibers 121a. A3, a4 is transferred to or from one of the second optical fibers 121a to the other second optical fiber 123a via the contacts a1, a2. Thus, referring to FIG. 1A at the same time, the optical network unit 120 can cause the detection beam 70 to continue to be transmitted through the outer annular optical path 121 or the inner annular optical path 123 after passing through the first optical path switching unit SU. In other words, if the detection beam 70 is transmitted through the outer annular optical path 121 at this time, it will continue to be transmitted to the outer annular optical path 121 after passing through the first optical path switching unit SU. On the other hand, if the detection beam 70 is transmitted through the inner annular path 123, it will continue to be transmitted to the inner annular path 123 after passing through the first optical path switching unit SU.

On the other hand, referring to FIG. 1A and FIG. 2C, when the first optical path switching unit SU is switched to the interlaced mode, the first optical path switching unit SU causes the transmission path of the detecting beam 70 to be the first optical fiber 121a and the first side. One of the two fibers 123a is passed to another The other one of the first optical fiber 121a and the second optical fiber 123a on one side. In more detail, as shown in FIG. 2C, if the detecting beam 70 enters the first optical path switching unit SU from the first optical fiber 121a on one side, it is transmitted to the second side via the contacts a2 and a4. Optical fiber 123a. On the other hand, if the detecting beam 70 enters the first optical path switching unit SU from the second optical fiber 123a at one time, it is transmitted to the first optical fiber 121a on the other side via the contacts a1 and a3. Thus, as shown in FIG. 1A, the optical network unit 120 can transmit the detection beam 70 transmitted by one of the outer annular optical path 121 and the inner annular optical path 123 to the outer annular optical path via the first optical path switching unit SU. 121 and the other of the inner annular optical path 123. In other words, if the detection beam 70 is transmitted through the outer annular optical path 121 at this time, it will be transmitted to the inner annular optical path 123 after passing through the first optical path switching unit SU. On the other hand, if the detection beam 70 is transmitted through the annular optical path 123, it is transmitted to the outer annular optical path 121 after passing through the first optical path switching unit SU.

According to the above, when the first optical path switching unit SU is switched to the non-interlaced mode, the outer annular optical path 121 and the inner annular optical path 123 cannot communicate with the first optical path switching unit SU, and when the first optical path switching unit SU is switched to In the interlaced mode, the outer annular optical path 121 and the inner annular optical path 123 communicate with each other through the first optical path switching unit SU. As such, the detection beam 70 will be transmitted to the sensor 124 and detected by the sensor 124.

Further, as shown in FIG. 1A, in the present embodiment, the sensor 124 can be used to convert at least a portion of the detected beam 70 into a converted beam 80. Specifically, the method for the sensor 124 to convert at least a portion of the detected light beam 70 into the converted light beam 80 is to reflect a partial detected light beam 70 having a specific parameter, and the specific parameter is The parameters of the converted beam 80 are converted. For example, in this embodiment, the sensor 124 can be, for example, a Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG), so that the sensor 124 can reflect a partial detection beam 70 having a specific wavelength to form a conversion. Beam 80.

In more detail, in the present embodiment, this particular parameter (i.e., the parameters of the converted beam 80) will vary depending on the physical quantity that the sensor 124 receives from the outside. For example, the physical quantity that the sensor 124 receives from the outside can be, for example, stress or temperature, and the specific parameter is a specific wavelength. In other words, when the stress or temperature of the region where the sensor 124 is located changes, the wavelength of the detecting beam 70 that the sensor 124 can reflect changes, and the original path is transmitted back to the optical transceiver unit 110 for conversion. The wavelength of the beam 80 also changes. In this way, the optical transceiver unit 110 can monitor the stress or temperature change of the region where the sensor 124 is located according to the wavelength change of the converted light beam 80.

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical network system according to another embodiment of the present invention. Referring to Figure 3, the optical network system 300 of Figure 3 is similar to the optical network system 100 of Figure 1A, with the differences described below. In the present embodiment, the optical network system includes a plurality of sensors 124λ1, 124λ2 distributed in different regions, and the parameters of the converted beams 80λ1, 80λ2 formed by the sensors 124λ1, 124λ2 are different from each other. In other words, the different sensors 124λ1, 124λ2 will be able to convert the detection beams 70 having different specific parameters, respectively. For example, in the embodiment, when the physical quantities of the outside are different, the specific wavelengths of the reflected light 124λ1, 124λ2 may be combined into a first wavelength range. And the sensors 124λ1, 124λ2 are in the external physics When the amounts are different, the specific wavelengths of the reflected light may be combined into a second wavelength range, and the first wavelength range and the second wavelength range do not overlap each other.

Thus, since the detecting beam 70 includes light of various wavelengths, if light having a certain wavelength in the first wavelength range is reflected by the sensor 124λ1 to form the converted beam 80λ1, the remaining light will be The sensor 124λ1 is penetrated and continues to pass to the next sensor 124λ2. Next, the sensor 124λ2 will re-reflect light having another specific wavelength in the second wavelength range to form the converted beam 80λ2. When the physical quantity of the outside changes, the wavelengths of the converted beams 80λ1, 80λ2 also change. In this way, the optical network system 300 will separately analyze the wavelength changes of the converted beams 80λ1, 80λ2, and can monitor the situation of sensing different regions.

Further, it is to be noted that, in the present embodiment, although the number of the sensors 124λ1, 124λ2 is exemplified by two, the present invention does not limit the number of sensors. In other embodiments, those skilled in the art can determine the number of sensors and the specific wavelength range of the light that can be reflected according to actual needs, and will not be described here.

On the other hand, in the foregoing embodiment, when the breakpoint of the optical network system 100, 300 occurs due to the destruction of the optical fiber component, the optical network system 100, 300 will switch the mode through the first optical path switching unit SU. The appropriate path for detecting the travel of the beam 70 is controlled to reconstruct the network system. The possible ways in which the optical network systems 100, 300 rebuild the network are further described below in conjunction with FIGS. 4A and 4B.

4A and 4B are opticals of the embodiment of FIG. 1A and the embodiment of FIG. 3, respectively. The network system 100, 300 has a schematic diagram of the optical path when the optical fiber component is damaged. In the embodiment of FIG. 4A, if the second optical fiber 123a is damaged by the optical fiber component, the detecting beam 70 can pass through the first optical fiber 121a1, the contacts a4, a2 of the first optical path switching unit SU in the interlaced mode, and The second optical fiber 123a1 is transmitted to the sensor 124 to form a converted beam 80. Then, the converted beam 80 is transmitted back to the optical transceiver unit 110 via the original path, and subsequent monitoring and analysis is performed.

As shown in FIG. 4B, when the second optical fiber 123a is also damaged in the optical fiber component, the breakpoint in the optical network system may prevent the detecting beam 70 from reaching all of the areas to be monitored within one detection. Sensors 124λ1, 124λ2. At this time, the detection beam 70 emitted at different time points can be controlled to be transmitted along different paths through the technique of time division multiplexing, and can be monitored in stages. For example, in the embodiment of FIG. 4B, the optical transceiver unit 110 may first emit the detection beam 70 and cause the detection beam 70 to pass through the first optical fiber 121a1, the contact of the first optical path switching unit SU in the interlaced mode. The a4, a2, and second fibers 123a1 are passed to the sensor 124λ1 to form a converted beam 80λ1. Then, the optical transceiver unit 110 can retransmit the detection beam 70 and transmit it to the sensation via the first optical fiber 121a2, the contacts a3, a1 and the second optical fiber 123a2 of the first optical path switching unit SU in the interlaced mode. The transducer 124λ2 forms a converted beam 80λ2. Since the converted beams 80λ1, 80λ2 can be transmitted back to the optical transceiver unit 110 along the original transmission path, the optical transceiver unit 110 can still perform subsequent monitoring and analysis through the sensors 124λ1, 124λ2.

In this way, the optical network system of the embodiment of FIG. 1A and the embodiment of FIG. 3 can still be based on the area to be detected and the position of the breakpoint when the optical fiber component is damaged. The mode switching and time division multiplexing techniques of the first optical path switching unit SU are used to control the appropriate path of the detection beam 70 to reestablish the network system. In this way, even if the optical network system is damaged by the optical fiber component, its monitoring function can be retained.

5A and 5B are schematic diagrams showing the architecture of an optical network system according to still another embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B, the optical network system 500 of the present embodiment includes the foregoing optical transceiver unit 110, a plurality of optical network units 120R1, 120R2, and at least one remote node 130. Specifically, in this embodiment, the remote node 130 is connected to the adjacent optical network units 120R1, 120R2, and as shown in FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B, the optical network units 120R1, 120R2 of the present embodiment are connected to FIG. 1A. The optical network unit 120 of the embodiment is similar, with the differences being as follows. In the present embodiment, the optical network unit 120R1 (120R2) includes a plurality of sensors 124λ1, 124λ2, 124λ3, 124λ4, 124λ5, 124λ6 and a plurality of first optical path switching units SUR1a, SUR1b, SUR1c (SUR2a, SUR2b, SUR2c) ). In addition, portions of the adjacent optical network units 120R1, 120R2, which share the outer annular optical paths 121R1, 121R2, share a common optical path CT, and the first optical fibers 121ac located on the shared optical path CT are adjacent to the two optical networks. Units 120R1, 120R2 are shared. On the other hand, the outer annular optical path 121R1 (121R2) of the optical network unit 120R1 (120R2) is composed of a plurality of first optical fibers 121ac, 121aR1 (121aR2), the first optical path switching units SUR1a, SUR1b, SUR1c (SUR2a, SUR2b, The SUR 2c), the optical transceiver unit 110, and the remote node 130 are connected, and the remote node 130 and the optical transceiver unit 110 are respectively located on one end of the shared optical path CT.

Further, the optical network system can further switch its remote node 130 by The path mode changes the transmission path of the detecting beam 70 to control the detecting beam 70 to enter different optical network units 120R1, 120R2 via the remote node 130 and part of the shared optical path CT, and transmit to different optical networks. Each of the sensors 120R1, 120R2 is in the sense of 124λ1, 124λ2, 124λ3, 124λ4, 124λ5, 124λ6. For example, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5A, when the optical network system is to monitor the area where the optical network unit 120R1 is located, the detecting beam 70 can pass through the partial shared optical path CT, The contacts E1, E2 of a switching unit SUR1a, SUR1b, SUR1c and the remote node 130 are passed to each of the sensors 124λ1, 124λ2, 124λ3, 124λ4, 124λ5, 124λ6 of the optical network unit 120R1. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 5B, when the optical network system wants to monitor the area where the optical network unit 120R2 is located, the detecting beam 70 can pass through the partial shared optical path CT, the first switching unit SUR2a, SUR2b. The contacts E1, E4 of the SUR 2c and the remote node 130 are passed to each of the sensors 124λ1, 124λ2, 124λ3, 124λ4, 124λ5, 124λ6 of the optical network unit 120R2.

The internal structure and path mode of the remote node 130 will be further described below with reference to FIGS. 6A-7C.

FIG. 6A is a schematic diagram of the appearance of a remote node 130 in the embodiment of FIG. 5A. FIG. 6B is a schematic diagram showing the internal structure of the remote node 130 of the embodiment of FIG. 6A. 6C and 6D are schematic diagrams of different path patterns of the remote node 130 of the embodiment of FIG. 6A. Referring to FIG. 6A and FIG. 6B, in the embodiment, the remote node 130 includes a plurality of second optical path switching units SUN1a, SUN1b, SUN1c, and SUN1d, and the second optical path switching units SUN1a, SUN1b, SUN1c, and SUN1d are connected to each other. and A plurality of apertures E1, E2, E3, E4, E5, E6 of the distal node 130 are formed. In this embodiment, the number of the second optical path switching units SU is, for example, four, and the four second optical path switching units SU will form six apertures E1, E2, E3, E4, and E5 of the remote node 130. , E6. In more detail, in this embodiment, the apertures E1, E2, E3, E4, E5, and E6 of the remote node 130 are connected to the contacts A4, C1, C4, B1, D2, and D3, respectively, but the present invention does not. This is limited to this.

On the other hand, specifically, the second optical path switching units SUN1a, SUN1b, SUN1c, SUN1d are similar to the first optical path switching unit SU, and can also be used to switch between an interlaced mode and a non-interlaced mode. In detail, when the second optical path switching unit SUN1a (SUN1b, SUN1c or SUN1d) is in the interlaced mode, the contact A1 (B1, C1 or D1) of the second optical path switching unit SUN1a (SUN1b, SUN1c or SUN1d) will be A3 (B3, C3 or D3) is connected, and A2 (B2, C2 or D2) is also connected to A4 (B4, C4 or D4). When the second optical path switching unit SU is in the non-interlaced mode, the contact A1 (B1, C1 or D1) of the second optical path switching unit SUN1a (SUN1b, SUN1c or SUN1d) will communicate with A2 (B2, C2 or D2). And A3 (B3, C3 or D3) will also communicate with A4 (B4, C4 or D4).

Further, when the second optical path switching units SUN1a, SUN1b, SUN1c, SUN1d switch to one of the interlaced modes, the non-interlaced modes, and a combination thereof, the detecting beam 70 can be transmitted from one of the apertures to the remote node. 130, and the remote node 130 is delivered from one of the remaining apertures. For example, when the detection beam 70 is to be transmitted from the aperture E1 to the remote node 130 and the remote node 130 is transmitted from the aperture E2 to form an optical network system operation as shown in FIG. 5A, The second optical path switching units SUN1a, SUN1c inside the end node 130 will be in the interlaced mode, and the detection beam 70 at this time will pass through the contacts A4, A2, C3, C1, respectively, to form the path mode of the remote node 130. One (as shown in Figure 6C).

On the other hand, when the detecting beam 70 is to be transmitted from the aperture E1 to the remote node 130 and the remote node 130 is transmitted from the aperture E4 to form an optical network system operation as shown in FIG. 5B, The second optical path switching units SUN1a, SUN1b inside the end node 130 will be in a non-interlaced mode, respectively, and the detecting beam 70 at this time will pass through the contacts A4, A3, B2, and B1, respectively, to form the remote node 130. One of the path modes (as shown in Figure 6D). Further, in this embodiment, when the second optical path switching units SUN1a, SUN1b, SUN1c, SUN1d are switched to one of the interlaced modes, the non-interlaced modes, and a combination thereof, the detecting beam 70 will be available from one of them. The aperture is passed to the remote node 130 and the remote node 130 is passed from any of the other five apertures.

In this way, the optical network system can form various path modes of the remote node 130 by combining various switching modes of the second optical path switching units SUN1a, SUN1b, SUN1c, and SUN1d. Moreover, the optical network system can further change the transmission path of the detection beam 70 to control the detection beam 70 to enter the different optical network units 120R1, 120R2 via the remote node 130.

In addition, it should be noted that, in this embodiment, the remote node 130 has four second optical path switching units SUN1a, SUN1b, SUN1c, and SUN1d as an example, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the remote node may also be formed by a different number of second optical path switching units, which will be combined with FIG. 7A to FIG. 7D. Further explanation is given.

FIG. 7A is a schematic diagram of the appearance of another remote node in the embodiment of FIG. 5A. FIG. 7B is a schematic diagram showing the internal structure of the remote node of the embodiment of FIG. 7A. 7C and 7D are schematic diagrams of a path pattern of the remote node of the embodiment of FIG. 7A. Referring to Figures 7A and 7B, the remote node 730 of the present embodiment is similar to the remote node 130 of the embodiment of Figure 6A, with the differences described below. In this embodiment, the number of the second optical path switching units SUN1a, SUN1b, and SUN1c is three, and the apertures E1, E2, E3, E4, E5, and E6 of the remote node 730 are respectively associated with the second optical path switching unit SU. The contacts A1, B1, B2, A4, C4, and C3 are connected.

Thus, if the detection beam 70 is to be transmitted from the aperture E1 to the remote node 730 and the remote node 730 is transmitted from the aperture E2 to form an optical network system operation as shown in FIG. 5A, the remote end The second optical path switching units SUN1a, SUN1b, and SUN1c inside the node 730 will be in an interleave mode, an interleave mode, and a non-interleaved mode, respectively. Moreover, the detection beam 70 at this time will pass through the contacts A1, A3, C1, C2, B3, B1, respectively, to form one of the path modes of the remote node 730 (as shown in FIG. 7C). On the other hand, when the detecting beam 70 is to be transmitted from the aperture E1 to the remote node 730 and the remote node 730 is transmitted from the aperture E4 to form an optical network system operation as shown in FIG. 5B, The second optical path switching units SUN1a, SUN1b, SUN1c inside the end node 730 will be in the non-interlaced mode. Moreover, the detection beam 70 at this time will pass through the contacts A1, A2, B4, B3, C2, C1, A3, A4, respectively, to form one of the path modes of the remote node 730 (as shown in FIG. 7D).

In other words, in this embodiment, the detecting beam 70 can also be from one of the apertures. The remote node 730 is passed to the remote node 730 and passed from one of the other five apertures, with similar functionality to the remote node 130. Those skilled in the art can design the internal structure of the remote node 130 and the path mode it has according to actual needs, and will not be described here.

In this way, in combination with the switching mode combination of the above-mentioned remote node 130 or 730 and the switching modes of the first optical path switching units SUR1a, SUR1b, SUR1c, SUR2a, SUR2b, SUR2c, the optical network system 500 will provide more Multiple detection path selections, and the use of time-division multiplex technology, enables the optical network system 500 to rebuild the network when the fiber component is damaged. The possible ways in which the optical network system 500 rebuilds the network are further described below in conjunction with FIGS. 8A and 8B.

8A and FIG. 8B are schematic diagrams showing the optical path of the optical network system of the embodiment of FIG. 5A in the case where the optical fiber component is damaged. Referring to FIG. 8A, in the embodiment, the optical fiber component is damaged in multiple places in the optical network system 500. At this time, the optical transceiver unit 110 may first emit the detection beam 70, and the detection beam 70 passes through the first An optical fiber 121ac, a first optical path switching unit SUR2a in a non-interlaced mode, a first optical path switching unit SUR1a in an interleaved mode, and a second optical fiber 123a are transmitted to the sensors 124λ6, 124λ1 to form converted beams 80λ6, 80λ1. Next, referring to FIG. 8A, the optical transceiver unit 110 can re-issue the detection beam 70 and cause the detection beam 70 to pass through the first optical fiber 121ac, the first optical path switching units SUR2a, SUR1a in the non-interlaced mode, in the interlaced mode. The first optical path switching unit SUR1 is transmitted to the sensors 124λ2, 124λ3 to form converted beams 80λ2, 80λ3. and, A portion of the detection beam 70 will continue to be transmitted to the sensors 124λ4, 124λ5 via the first optical path switching unit SUR1c and the second optical fiber 123a in the non-interlaced mode to form converted beams 80λ4, 80λ5. Since the converted beams 80λ1, 80λ2, 80λ3, 80λ4, 80λ5, 80λ6 can be transmitted back to the optical transceiver unit 110 along the original transmission path, the optical transceiver unit 110 can still pass through the sensors 124λ1, 124λ2, 124λ3, 124λ4, 124λ5. , 124λ6 for subsequent monitoring and analysis.

As a result, the optical network system 500 of the embodiment of FIG. 5A can still pass through the first optical path switching units SUR1a, SUR1b, SUR1c, SUR2a according to the location of the area to be detected and the location of the breakpoint when the optical fiber component is damaged. The SUR2b, SUR2c mode switching and time division multiplexing techniques control the appropriate path of the detection beam 70 to reconstruct the optical network system 500. Thus, even if the optical network system 500 is damaged by the optical fiber component, its monitoring function can be retained. In addition, the optical network system 500 can also use the time division multiplexing technology to separately distribute the signals to the sensing areas of the different optical network units 120R1, 120R2 at different times for immediate monitoring.

In addition, it should be noted that the shape of the optical network system is not limited to the foregoing schematic shape. In other embodiments, the optical system may utilize the distribution of the plurality of remote nodes 130 to expand the optical network system. design. The possible form of the optical network system will be further described below with reference to Figures 9-10.

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical network system according to still another embodiment of the present invention. Referring to Figure 9, the optical network system 900 of the present embodiment is similar to the optical network system 500 of the embodiment of Figure 5A, with the differences described below. In this embodiment, at least one remote node 130 is a plurality of remote nodes 130N1, 130N2, 130N3, 130N4, 130N5, 130N6, and the detecting beam 70 is transmitted to each of the optical network units 120R1, 120R2, 120R3, 120R4, 120R5 via a part of the remote nodes 130N1, 130N2, 130N3, 130N4, 130N5, 130N6 and a part of the shared optical path CT, Each of the sensors 120λ, 124λ2, 124λ3, 124λ4, 124λ5, 124λ6. In other words, when the optical transceiver unit 110 wants to transmit the detection beam 70 into the optical network unit 120R1, the detection beam 70 may have a combination of a plurality of different paths via the remote nodes 130N1, 130N2, 130N3, 130N4, 130N5, 130N6. select. For example, as shown in FIG. 9, the detection beam 70 is transmitted to the sensors 124λ1, 124λ2, 124λ3, 124λ4, 124λ5, 124λ6 in the optical network unit 120R1 via the remote nodes 130N1, 130N2. In addition, since the optical network system 900 also includes components of the optical network units 120R1, 120R2 and the optical transceiver unit 110 of the optical network system 500, the optical network system 900 also has the optical network system 500 mentioned. Rebuilding the network, time-sharing and other advantages will not be repeated here.

FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical network system according to still another embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 10, the optical network system 1000 of the present embodiment is similar to the optical network system 900 of the embodiment of FIG. 9, and the differences are as follows. In this embodiment, the outer annular optical paths 121 of the optical network units 120R1 and 120RN are respectively composed of a plurality of first optical fibers 121a, the first optical path switching units SU, the remote node 130, the optical transceiver unit 110, and a combination thereof. A connection is formed. For example, the outer annular optical path 121R1 of the optical network unit 120R1 is formed by connecting a plurality of first optical fibers 121a, a first optical path switching unit SU, an optical transceiver unit 110, and a remote node 130. On the other hand, light The outer annular optical path 121 of the learning network unit 120RN is formed by connecting a plurality of first optical fibers 121a, a first optical path switching unit SU, and a remote node 130. In other words, the outer annular optical path 121 of the optical network unit 120RN is not directly connected to the optical transceiver unit 110, but can still be transmitted through the configuration of each remote node 130, so that the detection beam can still be transmitted to the optical network unit 120RN. in. As such, the optical network system 1000 will be able to effectively increase the sensing capacity of the optical network system 1000 by expanding the number of optical network units.

In addition, since the optical network system 1000 also includes a plurality of optical network units 120 of the optical network system 900, a plurality of remote nodes 130, and an optical transceiver unit 110, the optical network system 1000 also has an optical network. Reconstruction networks, time division multiplexing, and other advantages mentioned by system 900 are not repeated here.

FIG. 11A is a schematic diagram of the appearance of a remote node according to still another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 11B is a schematic diagram showing the internal structure of the remote node of the embodiment of FIG. 11A. Figure 11C is a schematic diagram of a path pattern of the remote node of the embodiment of Figure 11A. Referring to Figures 11A and 11B, the remote node 1130 of the present embodiment is similar to the remote node 730 of the embodiment of Figure 7A, with the differences described below. In this embodiment, the apertures E1, E2, E3, E4, E5, and E6 of the remote node 1130 are respectively connected to the contacts A1, B4, B1, A4, C3, and C2 of the second optical path switching unit SU. In other words, the internal contacts connected to the apertures E1, E2, E3, E4, E5, and E6 of the remote node 1130 are connected to the internal connections of the optical ports E1, E2, E3, E4, E5, and E6 of the remote node 730. The points are not the same.

Therefore, when the detection beam is to be transmitted from the aperture E1 to the remote node 1130 and the remote node 1130 is transmitted from the aperture E2, the second optical path inside the remote node 1130 The switching units SUN1a, SUN1b will all be in the non-interlaced mode. At this time, the detecting beam 70 will pass through the contacts A1, A2, B3, and B4, respectively, to form one of the path modes of the remote node 1130 (as shown in FIG. 11C). In this way, since the detecting beam 70 in the remote node 1130 is in the case of passing through the two second optical path switching units SU, a path mode similar to that required to be via the three second optical path switching units SU in the remote node 730 can be achieved. The effect (as shown in Figure 7C), so the remote node 1130 will achieve the effect of reducing optical power consumption.

In summary, the optical network system of the embodiment of the present invention can control the proper path of detecting the traveling of the light beam through the mode switching and time division multiplexing techniques of the first optical path switching unit. In this way, even if the optical network system is damaged, the network system can be reconstructed according to the location of the area to be detected and the location of the breakpoint, and the monitoring function can still be maintained. In addition, the optical network system can also use time-multiplexed technology to distribute signals to different sensing areas at different times for immediate monitoring. Moreover, the optical network unit of the optical network system can be expanded to increase the detection range. In this way, the sensing capacity of the optical network system can be effectively improved, and thus it is also possible to have more complete reconstruction functions and expansion functions.

Although the present invention has been disclosed in the above embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention, and any one of ordinary skill in the art can make some changes and refinements without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the scope of the appended claims.

70‧‧‧Detecting beam

900‧‧‧Optical Network System

110‧‧‧Optical transceiver unit

120R1, 120R2, 120R3, 120R4, 120R5, 120R6‧‧‧ optical network unit

124λ1, 124λ2, 124λ3, 124λ4, 124λ5, 124λ6‧‧‧ sensors

130N1, 130N2, 130N3, 130N4, 130N5, 130N6‧‧‧ remote node

CT‧‧‧Shared light path

Claims (14)

An optical network system includes: an optical transceiver unit for providing a detection beam; a plurality of optical network units including: an outer annular optical path; and an inner annular optical path surrounded by the outer annular optical path The detecting light beam from the optical transceiver unit enters the inner annular optical path via the outer annular optical path; at least one first optical path switching unit is disposed on the outer annular optical path and the inner annular optical path, and is used Switching between an interlaced mode and a non-interleaved mode, wherein when the first optical path switching unit switches to the interlaced mode, the outer annular optical path and the inner annular optical path communicate with the first optical path switching unit, when When the first optical path switching unit is switched to the non-interlaced mode, the outer annular optical path and the inner annular optical path are incapable of communicating with the first optical path switching unit; and at least one sensor is disposed on the inner annular optical path, and The method is configured to convert at least a portion of the detected light beam into a converted light beam, wherein the optical transceiver unit is configured to sense the converted light beam, and the parameter of the converted light beam is received by the sensor with a physical quantity of the external The at least one remote node is connected to the adjacent optical network units, wherein the at least one remote node and the optical transceiver unit are respectively located at one end of the plurality of shared optical paths, adjacent to each other. Portions of the plurality of optical network units share the one of the common optical paths with each of the outer annular optical paths, and the detecting light beam is via a portion of the at least one remote node And a portion of the shared optical path is transmitted to each of the sensors of each of the optical network units. The optical network system of claim 1, wherein each of the remote nodes comprises a plurality of second optical path switching units, the second optical path switching units being connected to each other and forming each of the remote nodes a plurality of apertures, and each of the second optical path switching units is configured to switch between an interlaced mode and a non-interleaved mode, and the second optical path switching units switch to the interlaced modes, the non-interlaced modes, and combinations thereof In one of the cases, the detecting beam is transmitted from one of the apertures to the remote node, and the remote node is transmitted from one of the remaining apertures. The optical network system of claim 2, wherein each of the remote nodes comprises four second optical path switching units, and the second optical path switching units form six apertures of each of the remote nodes. And the detecting beam is transmitted from one of the apertures to each of the remote nodes, and the remote node is transmitted from any one of the other five apertures. The optical network system of claim 2, wherein each of the remote nodes comprises three second optical path switching units, and the second optical path switching units form six apertures of each of the remote nodes. And the detecting beam is transmitted from one of the apertures to each of the remote nodes, and the remote node is transmitted from one of the other five apertures. The optical network system of claim 1, wherein the outer annular light routes a plurality of first optical fibers, the first optical path switching units, the at least one remote node, the optical transceiver unit, and combinations thereof One of the connections is formed and located at each of the total The first fibers on the light path are shared by adjacent two optical network units. The optical network system of claim 5, wherein the inner annular light is routed to the plurality of second optical fibers, and the first optical path switching units are coupled to the plurality of sensors. The optical network system of claim 6, wherein each of the first optical path switching units is connected to two of the first optical fibers and two of the second optical fibers. The optical network system of claim 7, wherein each of the first optical path switching units causes the transmission path of the detection beam to be one of the first optical path switching units when the first optical path switching unit is switched to the non-interlaced mode. Passing the first optical fiber to another one or the second optical fiber to another second optical fiber, so that the detecting light beam continues in the outer ring after passing through each of the first optical path switching units The light path or the inner ring light path is transmitted. The optical network system of claim 7, wherein each of the first optical path switching units causes the transmission path of the detection beam to be from one side when each of the first optical path switching units is switched to the interlaced mode Passing one of the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber to the other of the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber on the other side to transmit the one of the outer annular optical path and the inner annular optical path The detecting beam is transmitted to the other of the outer annular optical path and the inner annular optical path via the first optical path switching unit. The optical network system of claim 1, wherein each of the sensors converts at least a portion of the detected beam into the converted beam by reflecting a portion of the detected beam having a specific parameter. The specific parameter follows the sensing The device receives the difference in the physical quantity of the outside, and the specific parameter is a parameter of the converted beam. The optical network system of claim 10, wherein the at least one sensor is a plurality of sensors, and the parameters of the converted beams formed by the sensors are different from each other. The optical network system of claim 10, wherein the parameters of the converted beams are the wavelengths of the converted beams. The optical network system of claim 1, wherein each of the sensors is a fiber Bragg grating. The optical network system of claim 1, wherein the physical quantity of each of the sensors received by the sensor is stress or temperature.