TWI502905B - Position locating method provided by base stations - Google Patents

Description

Method for providing positioning by ground base station

The invention relates to a positioning method, in particular to a ground base station and a spread spectrum communication technology, and is matched with a digital electronic map for positioning, has the characteristics of low cost and high efficiency, and is simple to operate, and can be operated in a non-line of sight environment. A method of positioning that provides positioning by a ground base station.

The positioning technology was originally only used for military purposes, but with the changes of the times, it has been open to civilian use. Therefore, it has revolutionized the application of human life and brought many conveniences, such as: The positioning function of the navigation system and the mobile device allows the driver to enter the destination into the navigation system, which can be searched via the built-in database or connected to the network to provide driving directions and guide the driver to the destination; It can be used as a carry-on item, and its positioning function can reduce the missing rate and the situation of getting lost, and when the mobile device is lost, it can also be retrieved by its positioning function.

In view of the above, the conventional positioning technology can be mainly divided into Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), such as the GPS system of the United States and the GLONASS system of Russia, the mobile phone base station positioning system and the Wi-Fi positioning system; As the name implies, satellite positioning systems use the artificial satellites distributed in space to accurately target any object on the earth. Positioning, and its positioning accuracy is not affected by the weather, but because it needs to operate with high technology, the construction is quite expensive. The mobile phone base station positioning system uses the Received Signal Strength (RSS) to determine the distance, and compares the two by using the location database of the mobile phone base station to calculate the mobile phone or The location of the holder.

However, the mobile phone base station positioning system must be positioned within the detection range of the mobile phone base station. Therefore, the accuracy of the positioning is susceptible to external environmental factors such as climate and terrain, and cannot be accurately performed in a non-line of sight environment. Positioning; the function of the Wi-Fi positioning system is similar to that of the mobile phone base station positioning system described above, but the Wi-Fi positioning system uses the MAC address of the wireless network base station (Wi-Fi Access Point). The latitude and longitude coordinates in the MAC Address database are used to find the coordinates corresponding to the MAC Address. Therefore, the accuracy of the positioning is susceptible to external environmental factors such as climate and terrain, and cannot be performed in a non-line of sight environment. accurate locating.

Therefore, in view of the fact that the conventional positioning technology still has many shortcomings, the inventor of the present invention has vigorously researched and invented, and finally developed a method for providing positioning by the ground base station of the present invention, which provides positioning by the ground base station. The method is based on ground base station and spread spectrum communication technology, and is equipped with digital electronic map for positioning. It has the characteristics of low cost and high efficiency, and is easy to operate, and can be accurately positioned in a non-line of sight environment, so it can replace/reinforce the The lack of conventional positioning technology.

The main object of the present invention is to provide a method for providing positioning by a ground base station, which is based on a ground base station and spread spectrum communication technology, and is equipped with a digital electronic map for positioning, has the characteristics of low cost and high efficiency, and is simple to operate. It can also be accurately positioned in a non-line of sight environment.

Therefore, in order to achieve the main object of the present invention, the inventor of the present invention proposes a method for providing positioning by a ground base station, comprising: (1) providing a ground having at least a first ground base station and a second ground base station; a base station group, and the first ground base station and the second ground base station each have three sets of different spreading codes for distinguishing 120 degree transmission angles of the base stations, and in 360 degrees and time sharing manners simultaneously, Transmitting a first positioning signal and a second positioning signal respectively; (2) receiving, by the Rake receiver, a first positioning signal and the second positioning signal in a signal receiving end in the free space, wherein The first positioning signal and the second positioning signal are composed of a direct path and multiple propagation paths generated by ground terrain, or only multiple propagation paths generated by ground terrain; (3) the receiver receiver The first positioning signal and the second positioning signal are received by the internal complex array fingers (Fingers), and then sent to the signal processor for analysis to calculate the first ground base station and the second The base stations are spaced apart surface of the receiving terminal and the signal path and virtual distance; and (4) The signal receiving end performs mapping mapping of the path data obtained in the foregoing step (3) with a digital electronic map to locate the position of the signal receiving end.

In order to more clearly describe a method of providing positioning by a ground base station as set forth in the present invention, a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

Please refer to the first figure and the second figure at the same time, which are respectively a flowchart of a method for providing positioning by a ground base station according to the present invention, which is compared with the digital electronic map image of the present invention, wherein the implementation method of the present invention The method mainly includes a four-step process. First, as shown in the first figure and the second figure, the method performs the step (S01), and sets a ground base station having at least a first ground base station and a second ground base station. a group, and the first ground base station and the second ground base station each have three sets of different spreading codes for distinguishing 120 degree transmission angles of the base stations, and in 360 degrees and time sharing manners, respectively Transmitting a first positioning signal and a second positioning signal; and then performing a step (S02) of receiving the first positioning signal and the first one of a signal receiving end (Rake receiver) in the free space a second positioning signal, wherein the first positioning signal and the second positioning signal are caused by a direct path and multiple propagation paths generated by ground terrain, or only multiple propagation paths generated by ground terrain to make.

After the step (S02) is completed, the step (S03) is performed, and the first receiver receives the first positioning signal and the second positioning signal by means of its internal complex array fingers (Fingers), and then sends the signal to the signal. The processor analyzes to calculate a virtual distance and a path between the first ground base station and the second ground base station and the signal receiving end respectively. Finally, the step (S04) is performed, and the signal receiving end performs the foregoing steps. The path data obtained by (S03) is mapped and mapped with a digital electronic map to locate the position of the signal receiving end; wherein the resolution of the digital electronic map may vary according to the analysis requirements of the signal processor. The digital digital map file is converted and digitized by hundreds of aerial data files with high data, and the digital electronic map ranges from all the images in the service range of the base station, and the ground is included The latitude and longitude coordinates of the base station group.

In view of the above, the method of providing positioning by the ground base station not only can accurately locate the line of sight propagation, but also can accurately locate in the case of non-line of sight propagation. Therefore, please refer to the first figure and refer to the third. The figure and the fourth figure are respectively a flowchart of a detailed method of the step (S04) of the present invention, and a schematic diagram of cross-alignment with the digital electronic map image of the present invention. The step (S04) further includes the following detailed steps: After the step (S03), the step (S041) is performed to separate the first positioning signal and the second positioning signal obtained in the foregoing step (S03) from the virtual distance and path of the signal receiving end, and the digital electronic map. The lowest resolution map is image-aligned, and the virtual location range is determined by the intersection area of the multiple propagation path.

Next, the step (S042) is performed to determine whether the data obtained by comparing the step (S041) with the lowest resolution map of the digital electronic map is line-of-sight propagation, and if so, the step (S043) is performed, and if not, the step is performed. (S044) and the step (S045); in the step (S043), the virtual position is the actual position of the signal receiving end, and the positioning is completed; and in the step (S044), the step (S041) is first obtained. Performing a cross-analysis of the data to obtain the area data of the possible location of the signal receiving end; after completing the step (S044), performing the step (S045), and performing the data obtained in the step (S03) with the digital electronic map. Image comparison, when comparing, first compare the image with the lowest resolution map, analyze the multi-path transfer path and the intersection area, and use the virtual position as the starting point to the possible location and the base station, and expand or Reduce the digital image file of the covered range, intercept the electronic file of the map that may generate multiple paths, and then increase the resolution of the map to perform image comparison analysis until the rated error range To accurately position the position of the signal receiving end.

Thus, the above-described system has clearly explained the implementation flow of the method for providing positioning by the ground base station of the present invention; next, the technical features of the method of the present invention will be further explained below. As shown in FIG. 5, a schematic diagram of a two-point positioning of the present invention, the first ground base station and the second ground base station of the ground base station group are respectively composed of three transmitters, and the transmitters are Each has a different spread spectrum code, and each set with an antenna azimuth of 120 degrees toward the sky in an all-round way to carry out 360 degrees in all directions. The positioning signal is transmitted at a time to achieve the purpose of increasing the receiver channel capacity by using the time-division transmission between the group of the base station, wherein the frequency of the spreading code is 10.23 MHz and the period is 9.77517×10-8 seconds. The complex array means that the difference between the multiple propagation paths that can be resolved ranges from greater than or equal to 29.3225 meters.

Continuing to refer to the fifth and sixth figures, which are schematic diagrams of the positioning signal reception of the 接收机-type receiver of the present invention, the 接收机-type receiver internally includes the complex array 耙 fingers, and each group of 耙 corresponds to different paths Positioning signal, therefore, after the first type of signal and the second positioning signal are received by the first type of receiver, the multiple array fingers respectively correspond to the first positioning signal and the second positioning signal to the signal processor The analysis is performed; and in the foregoing step (S03), the complex array refers to receiving the positioning signal in the manner of arrival time (TOA) and antenna azimuth angle of 120 degrees (AOA), and then sent to the signal processing. And analyzing the virtual distance and path of the resolvable multiple propagation path separated by the first positioning signal from the signal receiving end, and the virtual of the resolvable multiple propagation path separated from the signal receiving end by the second positioning signal Distance and path.

And, because the first ground base station and the second ground base station are respectively composed of three transmitters of different spreading codes, each of which forms an omnidirectional antenna at an azimuth of 120 degrees, and transmits a positioning signal toward the sky, and the exhibition The frequency code can be used as the identity number of the transmitters. In addition, the latitude and longitude of the ground base station group is set and recorded to the digital electronic map, so when the signal processor is When analyzing the virtual location, the respective azimuth service ranges of the first ground base station and the second ground base station can be determined, so the multipath distance data calculated in the foregoing step (S03) is added to the image analysis. To determine the virtual location; at the same time, the complex array refers to the first positioning signal and the second positioning signal to the signal processor and the lowest resolution digital electronic map for image analysis, determining the first positioning signal and the Whether the second positioning signal is line-of-sight propagation, if it is determined to be line-of-sight propagation, the virtual position is the actual position of the signal receiving end, and the positioning is completed.

In addition, when the first array signal and the second positioning signal are sent to the signal processor to determine that the first positioning signal and the second positioning signal are non-video transmission, the signal processor The digital electronic map performs image analysis, and first uses the spread spectrum code to learn the coordinates of the first ground base station and the first ground base station, and then calculate the first by using the time of arrival (TOA) and the angle of arrival (AOA). a first shortest path length of the multiple paths separated by the positioning signal from the signal receiving end, and a second shortest path length of the multiple paths separated from the signal receiving end by the second positioning signal, and respectively A ground base station and a coordinate of the second ground base station are centered, and the first shortest path length and the second shortest path length are radii, forming a center of the first ground base station and the second ground base station Two circular areas, where the two circular areas overlap are the area data of the possible location of one of the signal receiving ends, and the intersection point is the virtual position.

In view of the above, in particular, the method of the present invention uses a high gain spread spectrum code communication technology, and a dedicated receiver of the spread spectrum communication technology to perform reception of multiple path positioning signals and to achieve two-point positioning (arrival time) The method of positioning with the 120 degree antenna azimuth angle of arrival mode, the method of the invention has the advantages of avoiding deliberate interference, high confidentiality and precise positioning of the positioning signal, and receiving the multipath positioning signal by using the 耙 type receiver It is sent to the signal processor for multiple multi-path analysis, which can solve the problem that the positioning signal is weak and delayed due to the difference of the propagation path, resulting in misalignment and the like.

Thus, the above-mentioned system has completely revealed and explained the preferred embodiment of the method for providing positioning by the ground base station according to the structural diagram and the communication diagram, and, by the above, we can know that the most important advantage of the present invention is that :

1. The method for providing positioning by the ground base station of the present invention adopts a high gain spread spectrum code communication technology and a two-point positioning mode, thereby having the advantages of avoiding intentional interference, high confidentiality and precise positioning of the positioning signal.

2. In accordance with the above first point, and in the method of the present invention, the multi-path positioning signal is received by the 耙 type receiver unique to the spread spectrum communication technology, and the received signal is further sent to the signal processor. In order to analyze each path; in this way, it can solve the problem that the positioning signal is weak and delayed due to the difference of the propagation path, resulting in misalignment and the like.

3. In accordance with the above point 2, with the ground base station and spread spectrum communication technology, and with Digital electronic maps are also low-cost and high-performance, and they are easy to operate and can be accurately positioned in a non-line-of-sight environment.

4. According to the third point mentioned above, since the resolution of the digital electronic map can be changed according to the analysis requirements of the signal processor, when the positioning signal is the line of sight propagation, the signal processor is the lowest resolution map with a smaller data flow. Perform image analysis, and when the positioning signal is non-line-of-sight line-of-sight, the signal processor only uses the area data of the possible position as a standard, and timely expands or reduces the digital image file of the covered range, and gradually increases the map. The resolution is used for image comparison analysis, so that the digital electronic map is used in a targeted manner, which can speed up the information search and comparison speed of the digital processor on the digital image map, and improve the positioning efficiency.

The detailed description of the present invention is intended to be illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. In the scope of patents.

S01~S04‧‧‧ method steps

S041~S045‧‧‧ method steps

The first figure is a flow chart of a method for providing positioning by a ground base station according to the present invention; the second figure is a schematic diagram of an electronic map image comparison of the present invention; and the third figure is a detailed method flow of the step (S04) of the present invention. Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the electronic map image cross-alignment of the present invention; the fifth figure is a schematic diagram of the two-point positioning of the present invention; The sixth figure is a schematic diagram of the positioning signal reception of the 接收机 type receiver of the present invention.

S01~S04‧‧‧ method steps

Claims (7)

A method for providing positioning by a ground base station includes: (S01) providing a ground base station group having at least a first ground base station and a second ground base station, and the first ground base station and the first The two ground base stations each have three sets of different spreading codes for distinguishing the 120 degree transmission angles of the base stations, and simultaneously transmitting a first positioning signal and a second positioning signal in a 360-degree and time-sharing manner; S02) receiving, by the Rake receiver, a first positioning signal and the second positioning signal in a signal receiving end in the free space, wherein the first positioning signal and the second positioning signal are directly a path and multiple propagation paths due to terrestrial terrain, or only multiple propagation paths due to terrestrial terrain; (S03) the 接收机 receiver receives the first by its internal complex array fingers (Fingers) The positioning signal and the second positioning signal are received, and then sent to the signal processor for analysis to calculate a virtual distance between the first ground base station and the second ground base station and the signal receiving end respectively. a path; wherein the signal processor analyzes and calculates the first positioning signal by using a two-point positioning method of an Angle of Arrival (TOA) and an antenna azimuth angle of 120 degrees (Agle of Arrival, AOA) a virtual distance and path separated by the receiving end of the signal, and a virtual distance and path between the second positioning signal and the receiving end of the signal; (S04) The signal receiving end performs mapping mapping of the path data obtained in the foregoing step (S03) with a digital electronic map to locate the position of the signal receiving end. The method for providing a positioning by a ground base station according to claim 1, wherein the first ground base station and the second ground base station are respectively composed of three transmitters, and the transmitters have different Spreading the code, and each of them adopts an antenna azimuth of 120 degrees toward the sky to transmit a positioning signal in 360 degrees and time-division in a full range, so as to achieve time-sharing transmission between the groups of the base station, so that the signal receiving end can Effectively receive positioning signals. The method for providing positioning by a ground base station according to item 2 of the patent application scope, wherein the digital electronic map is converted and digitized by hundreds of aerial image files with high data to form a corresponding digital electronic map file. And the range of the digital electronic map is all the files of the service range of the base station, and contains the latitude and longitude coordinates of the group of the ground base station. The method for providing positioning by the ground base station according to item 2 of the patent application scope, wherein the frequency of the spread spectrum code is 10.23 MHz, and the period is 9.77517×10-8 seconds. The method for positioning a ground base station according to claim 1, wherein the complex array refers to a range of difference between the multiple propagation paths that is greater than or equal to 29.3225 meters. The method for providing a positioning by the ground base station according to the first aspect of the patent application, wherein the step (S04) further comprises the following detailed steps: (S041) the first positioning signal obtained by the foregoing step (S03) and the first The virtual distance and path respectively separated from the receiving end of the signal by the two positioning signals are compared with the lowest resolution map of the digital electronic map, and the virtual position range is determined by the intersection area of the multiple propagation path; (S042) Step (S041) whether the data obtained by comparing the lowest resolution map of the digital electronic map is line-of-sight propagation, if yes, executing step (S043), and if not, performing step (S044) and step (S045); (S043) the virtual location is the actual location of the signal receiving end, and the positioning is completed; (S044) performing the cross-analysis of the data obtained in the step (S041) to obtain the area data of the possible location of the signal receiving end; (S045) comparing the data obtained in the step (S03) with the digital electronic map, and comparing the first comparison map with the lowest resolution map, analyzing the multi-path routing path and Intersection area and virtual The position is the starting point to the location of the possible location and the base station, and the digital image file of the covered range is expanded or reduced in time, the electronic file of the map which may generate multiple paths is intercepted, and the resolution of the map is sequentially increased for image comparison. Analyze until the position of the signal receiving end is accurately located within the rated error range. The ground base station according to claim 6 of the patent application provides a method for positioning, wherein the rated error range is less than 10 meters.