TWI502840B - Multi-purpose controller of distribution grid - Google Patents

Description

Multi-purpose grid controller

The invention relates to a multi-purpose grid controller, in particular to a mode that can be applied to external control or independent control to quickly detect and isolate grid faults, and ensure microgrid mains parallel and island operation. The mode is stably switched, and the embedded system is used for debugging and signal conversion, which is convenient for providing control, and achieves the effect of having precise timing, better stability, and quick and accurate delivery of immediate control commands of the power grid.

According to the micro-grid, the power system is composed of multiple power generation facilities and loads. The structure of the micro-grid is different from that of the traditional power network. Therefore, when the mains is abnormal, it can be quickly separated from the mains power system for island operation. An independent grid system enables solar energy, wind energy and other equipment to continuously provide energy, and the load can continue to operate to ensure efficient use of energy. However, when the mains parallel and island switching is to be carried out, the switching, energy storage mode conversion and load unloading operations need to be completed quickly. The time of each action must also be very precise to ensure that the microgrid system does not interrupt the mains. A black event will occur. The traditional control system built with computers and other equipment can not provide accurate time, and the signal processing speed can not meet the micro-grid control requirements. Only through the embedded system design of the multi-purpose grid controller can the micro-grid be connected and connected in the city. Smooth switching between runs.

And when the microgrid is running on the island, the energy is provided by the regenerative energy equipment, and the fault occurs. When the fault current is much lower than the fault current provided when the mains is connected, and the system trip time is very short; taking the micro turbine as an example, if the line fails, the unit will jump immediately if the fault cannot be isolated within 8ms. Off, the microgrid will also fall into full black. The traditional overcurrent protection method will fail when the micro-grid is running. Only through the independent control function of the multi-purpose grid controller, the signal can be quickly determined by the signal collection, analysis and calculation according to various site conditions. Fault detection level and fault isolation to ensure stable operation of the system.

The "Power Management System and Method" of the Chinese Patent No. I312110, which is a device having a basic input/output system and a power control backplane data processing module, is used for power control in each power-on program. The power supply device connected to the backplane can calculate the maximum power supply that can be supplied, distribute it to the load, and then perform power management of the power-on program through the software setting mode, which greatly improves the power management effect. However, the concept is limited to the management control of power supply and load. The required program cannot be customized within the system architecture to flexibly plan the required control strategy according to the actual situation of the microgrid. In addition, it is unable to extract external power signals to detect the quality of the mains and carry out the control. The analysis determines the parallel/independent operation mode of the power system and does not meet the grid control requirements.

Another conventional application, such as the US Patent No. 8,164,217 "System and method for management of a DC and AC bus microgrid", has built-in energy management and control software therein, which can be controlled according to parameters provided by an external host computer. Logic and corresponding control of peripheral devices, however, it does not have built-in programmable control modules, can not be independently controlled, and the system can not be flexibly expanded; in addition, because there is no time synchronization module, once multiple grids are to be implemented When operating in parallel, there is no consistent accurate time stamp to accurately issue control commands.

Nowadays, in the above-mentioned conventional technology, it is impossible to monitor the power system while performing control; and there is no time synchronization function, and it is impossible to refer to the precise time stamp. Complete control; does not have fault waveform analysis capability, can not meet the needs of grid protection, so it can not meet the needs of users.

In view of this, the inventors of this case have intensively discussed the above-mentioned problems of conventional inventions, and actively pursued solutions through years of experience in R&D and manufacturing of related industries. After long-term efforts in research and development, they have finally succeeded in developing this book. Invented the "multi-purpose grid controller" to improve the problems of the application.

The main purpose of the present invention is to operate in two modes of external control or independent control to quickly detect and isolate the grid fault, and ensure stable switching of the micro grid mains parallel and island operation modes, and use The embedded system performs debugging and signal conversion, which is convenient for providing control and use, and has the advantages of accurate timing, better stability, and quick and accurate delivery of immediate control commands to the grid. .

To achieve the above, the present invention is a multi-purpose grid controller comprising: a control mechanism; an interface controller coupled to the control mechanism; and a physical mechanism coupled to the interface controller.

In an embodiment of the invention, the control mechanism is a programmable controller.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the interface controller includes an embedded working unit, a memory connected to the embedded working unit, a driving unit connected to the embedded working unit, and an embedded working unit. The debug unit and a system service unit connected to the embedded work unit.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the physical organization includes at least one communication module, a signal processing module, and a time synchronization module.

In an embodiment of the invention, the communication module is further connected with a load and generates electricity. Equipment, energy storage system, main control computer, electric/electromagnetic switch.

In an embodiment of the invention, the time synchronization module is further connected to a GPS unit and a network connection unit.

In an embodiment of the invention, the communication module is further connected with a first protection power unit, a second protection power unit and an electromagnetic switch.

1‧‧‧Control agency

2‧‧‧Interface controller

21‧‧‧Embedded work unit

22‧‧‧ memory

23‧‧‧ drive unit

24‧‧‧Detection unit

25‧‧‧System Service Unit

3. 3a‧‧‧ entities

31, 31a‧‧‧Communication Module

311‧‧‧ load

312‧‧‧Power generation unit

313‧‧‧ Energy storage system

314‧‧‧Master computer

315‧‧‧Electric switch/electromagnetic switch

316a‧‧‧First Protection Unit

317a‧‧‧Second protection unit

318a‧‧‧Electromagnetic switch

32, 32a‧‧‧ signal processing module

33, 33a‧‧‧ Time Synchronization Module

331‧‧‧GPS unit

332‧‧‧Network connection unit

S100~S114‧‧‧Steps

S200~S208‧‧‧Steps

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the basic structure of a first embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of the first embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the external control flow of the first embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of a second embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram showing the independent control flow of the second embodiment of the present invention.

Please refer to the "1, 2, and 3" diagrams, which are schematic diagrams of the basic architecture of the first embodiment of the present invention, the overall architecture of the first embodiment of the present invention, and the external control flow of the first embodiment of the present invention. schematic diagram. As shown in the figure, the present invention is a multi-purpose grid controller comprising at least a control mechanism 1, an interface controller 2 and a physical mechanism 3.

The above-mentioned control mechanism 1 is a programmable controller, which has powerful computing, processing and analysis capabilities, can store and place the grid decision algorithm, and communicates with the interface controller 2, so that the multi-purpose grid controller does not need to be connected. The main control computer or man-machine interface can be independently controlled to achieve the function of grid control and protection.

The interface controller 2 is connected to the control mechanism 1 and includes an embedded working unit 21, a memory 22 connected to the embedded working unit 21, a driving unit 23 connected to the embedded working unit 21, and an embedded Working unit 21 The connected debugging unit 24 and the system service unit 25 connected to the embedded working unit 21 enable the interface controller 2 to have hardware driving, debugging and providing system services; and the physical mechanism 3 to return the signal of the hardware After being transmitted to the embedded working unit 21 through the hardware driving, and being debugged by the embedded working unit 21, the signal is converted into a variable or a description file, put into a system service, provided for external control or control layer use, and when the entity is 3 Add hardware, communication protocol or modify control command, only need to modify it in interface controller 2, interface controller 2 or external master computer does not need to be corrected; and interface controller 2 has memory 22 at the same time, when external If the connection is interrupted or disconnected from the interface controller 2, the data will be stored in the memory 22, and the data will be sent back to the external host computer or control layer after the connection is normal.

The physical mechanism 3 is connected to the interface controller 2, and includes at least one communication module 31, a signal processing module 32 and a time synchronization module 33. The communication module 31 is further connected with a load 311 and a power generation device. 312, the energy storage system 313, the main control computer 314, the electric/electromagnetic switch 315, and the time synchronization module 33 is further connected with a GPS unit 331 and a network connection unit 332, and the communication module 31 is connected and Controlling various types of power generation devices, renewable energy, loads, energy storage systems, or smart meters to form a power grid system to send or receive control commands. The signal processing module 32 directly captures signals on the power lines and completes signal modulation. Dynamically performing analog signal attenuation, the time synchronization module 33 can obtain accurate time through GPS or network calibration through the GPS unit 331 and the network connection unit 332, ensuring time synchronization between devices and providing accurate time stamping. After the signal is transmitted through the communication module 31, it still has a precise time stamp as a reference for data analysis.

In operation, the user can operate in two modes of external control and independent control. In this embodiment, the operation is performed by "external control" when the present invention is connected. When the main control computer 314 is externally controlled, the main control computer 314 obtains the grid information through the multi-purpose grid controller, determines the status of each device connected to the grid, and has relevant time stamps, which can be used to provide equipment actions or arbitrary events. The control computer 314 performs the judgment and analysis of the event, and judges the state of the utility power according to the present invention and operates according to the built-in control logic, and connects the external main control computer 314 with the communication line, and accepts the command from the main control computer; when the utility power is normal, the power grid is made Operation in the mains parallel mode, according to the load and power generation forecast data provided by the main control computer, adjust the grid load usage and energy storage charge/discharge status through the control and measurement lines, and modify the protection coordination strategy; when the mains is abnormal, the grid will be Switch to the island operation mode and modify the grid protection coordination strategy according to the command of the host computer 314. The detailed operation process is as follows: S100 grid controller performs power quality detection.

S101 Power abnormality, if it is S102~S104 otherwise, if yes, then S105~S111.

S102 receives the main control computer control command.

S103 modifies the load command.

S104 modifies the energy storage charge/discharge command.

S105 internal power failure, if otherwise, S106~S111, if yes, then S113~S114.

S106 cuts off the mains.

S107 notifies that the energy storage is switched to the island operation mode.

S108 receives the master computer control command.

S109 modifies the protection coordination strategy.

S110 modifies the load command.

Whether the S111 mains is abnormal or not, if it is S112 otherwise, repeat S108~S111.

S112 performs parallel connection of commercial power.

S113 isolates the fault area.

S114 notifies the internal control computer of the internal fault of the power grid.

Please refer to FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, which are schematic diagrams showing the overall architecture of the second embodiment of the present invention and the independent control flow of the second embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the present invention can be in the form of the second embodiment in addition to the configuration of the first embodiment, and the difference is that the physical mechanism 3a has a communication module. 31a, a signal processing module 32a and a time synchronization module 33a, wherein the communication module 31a is further connected with a first protection power unit 316a, a second protection power unit 317a and an electromagnetic switch 318a. "Independent Control Mode" is used.

In the independent control mode, the present invention does not need to be connected to the main control computer, can be stored in the control mechanism 1, and directly places the user-defined logic, algorithm or software program, and the analysis entity 3a is transmitted back to the interface controller 2. Signal, and identify the fault of the power grid system, solve the problem that the overcurrent protection method in the micro-grid island operation cannot correctly identify the fault; and can embed or replace the commercial first protection power unit 316a and the second protection power unit 317a or directly open The electromagnetic switch 318a functions to isolate the fault and achieve power grid control and protection. Moreover, the present invention places a grid island operation protection coordination algorithm in the control mechanism 1, automatically calculates an appropriate protection power failure detection level and electromagnetic switch actuation time and transmits to the interface controller 2, and the interface controller 2 then controls the command. It is sent to the first protection power unit 316a and the second protection power unit 317a or the electromagnetic switch 318a through the physical mechanism 3a to achieve the purpose of coordination of island operation protection. The detailed operation process is as follows: S200 grid controller performs power quality detection.

S201 power abnormality or not, if it is repeated for S200, if yes, then proceed to S202 ~S203.

S202 starts the protection coordination algorithm.

S203 analyzes the transient waveform data returned by the entity.

S204 fault point is at the local end. If it is otherwise, S205~S206 is performed. If yes, S207~S208 are performed.

S205 recalculates the fault detection level.

S206 updates the protection power failure setting value.

S207 sends a protection power trip signal or opens the solenoid valve.

S208 fault isolation.

In summary, the multi-purpose grid controller of the present invention can effectively improve various shortcomings of the conventional use, and can be operated in two modes of external control or independent control to quickly detect and isolate the grid fault and ensure the micro grid. The mains parallel and island operation modes are stably switched, and the embedded system is used for debugging and signal conversion, which is convenient for providing control and use, and has the advantages of accurate timing, better stability, and quick and accurate delivery of real-time control commands of the grid. In turn, the invention can be made more progressive, more practical, and more in line with the needs of the consumer, and has indeed met the requirements of the invention patent application, and filed a patent application according to law.

However, the above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto; therefore, the simple equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the scope of the present invention and the contents of the invention are modified. All should remain within the scope of the invention patent.

1‧‧‧Control agency

2‧‧‧Interface controller

21‧‧‧Embedded work unit

22‧‧‧ memory

23‧‧‧ drive unit

24‧‧‧Detection unit

25‧‧‧System Service Unit

3‧‧‧Physical institutions

31‧‧‧Communication module

311‧‧‧ load

312‧‧‧Power generation unit

313‧‧‧ Energy storage system

314‧‧‧Master computer

315‧‧‧Electric switch/electromagnetic switch

32‧‧‧Signal Processing Module

33‧‧‧Time Synchronization Module

331‧‧‧GPS unit

332‧‧‧Network connection unit

Claims (5)

A multi-purpose power grid controller includes: a control mechanism; an interface controller connected to the control mechanism; and a physical mechanism connected to the interface controller, the at least one communication module and a signal processing module And a time synchronization module, wherein the time synchronization module is further connected to a GPS unit and a network connection unit, wherein the time synchronization module transmits GPS or network time through the GPS unit and the network connection unit. Obtain precise time, ensure time synchronization between devices and provide accurate time stamping, so that the signal will still have accurate time stamp after passing through the communication module for reference. The multi-purpose grid controller according to claim 1, wherein the control mechanism is a programmable controller. The multi-purpose grid controller according to claim 1, wherein the interface controller comprises an embedded working unit, a memory connected to the embedded working unit, and a driving connected to the embedded working unit. The unit, a debug unit connected to the embedded work unit, and a system service unit connected to the embedded work unit. According to the multi-purpose grid controller described in claim 1, wherein the communication module is further connected with a load, a power generation device, an energy storage system, a main control computer, and an electric/electromagnetic switch. The multi-purpose power grid controller according to the first aspect of the patent application, wherein the communication module is further connected with a first protection power unit and a second protection power unit; An electromagnetic switch.