TWI502811B - Dual polarization antenna and mimo antenna with the dual polarization antenna - Google Patents

Description

Dual-polarized antenna and MIMO antenna having the same

The present invention belongs to the field of communications, and in particular, to a dual-polarized antenna and a MIMO antenna having the dual-polarized antenna.

The dual-polarized antenna is a new type of antenna technology. The traditional dual-polarized antenna combines the two orthogonal polarization directions of +45° and -45° and works in the duplex mode. The outstanding advantage is that the number of antennas of a single directional base station is saved; generally, the directional base station (three sectors) of the GSM digital mobile communication network uses 9 antennas, and each sector uses 3 antennas (spatial diversity, one transmission and two reception), if Using a dual-polarized antenna, only one antenna is required for each sector; and because of the polarization orthogonality of ±45° in a dual-polarized antenna, the isolation between the two antennas of +45° and -45° is guaranteed. Meet the requirements of intermodulation for isolation between antennas ( 30dB), so the spatial separation between the dual-polarized antennas only needs 20-30cm; in addition, the dual-polarized antenna has the advantage of an electrically adjustable antenna, and the use of a dual-polarized antenna in a mobile communication network is the same as that of an electrical-adjusting antenna. Call loss, reduce interference, improve the quality of service throughout the network. If a dual-polarized antenna is used, since the dual-polarized antenna does not require high installation and installation, it is not necessary to construct a tower for land acquisition. Only a steel column with a diameter of 20 cm is required, and the dual-polarized antenna is fixed on the iron column in the corresponding covering direction. That's it, saving infrastructure investment while making the base station layout more reasonable, and the selection of base station sites is easier.

There are large differences in the environment and electromagnetic characteristics of the antenna working in different products, which will lead to large differences in antenna performance in design and use. Therefore, the antenna designed to be designed must have strong adaptability and versatility. In summary, the original technology will encounter problems of versatility and performance differences in use.

A technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that there is a large difference in the working environment and electromagnetic characteristics of the antenna in different products, resulting in a large difference in antenna performance in design and use, and providing a dual-polarized antenna. The antenna has strong adaptability and versatility.

A technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is to provide a dual-polarized antenna, including a first dielectric substrate, a first feed line, a second feed line, and a first metal piece attached to a surface of the first dielectric substrate, A feed line and a second feed line are fed into the first metal piece by coupling, and the first metal piece is hollowed out with a first micro groove structure to form a metal trace on the first metal piece, and the antenna is pre-configured with a space for the electronic component to be embedded.

Another technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is to provide a MIMO antenna, the MIMO antenna includes a plurality of dual-polarized antennas, and the antenna includes a first dielectric substrate, a first feeder, a second feeder, and is attached to the first medium. a first metal piece on a surface of the substrate, the first feed line and the second feed line are fed into the first metal piece by coupling, and the first metal piece is hollowed out with a first micro groove structure to form a metal trace on the first metal piece, the antenna A space for embedding electronic components is provided.

The dual-polarized antenna of the invention has the following beneficial effects as compared with the conventional antenna: a space for embedding an electronic component is disposed at a corresponding position of the dual-polarized antenna, and the performance of the antenna can be finely adjusted by changing the performance of the embedded electronic component. ,Assume Count the antennas that meet the requirements of adaptability and versatility. Since the MIMO antenna of the present invention uses a plurality of the above-described dual-polarized antennas, in addition to the characteristics of the dual-polarized antenna itself, it also has high isolation and strong anti-interference ability between the plurality of antennas.

1 is a perspective view of a first embodiment of a dual-polarized antenna of the present invention, wherein, in order to better describe the structure of the dual-polarized antenna of the present invention, FIG. 1 adopts a perspective drawing method, as shown in FIG. The dual polarized antenna 100 includes a first dielectric substrate 1, a first feed line 2, a second feed line 3, and a first metal piece 4 attached to a surface of the first dielectric substrate 1. The first feed line 2 and the second feed line 3 are both The first metal piece 4 is fed by coupling, and the first metal piece 4 is hollowed out with a first micro-groove structure 41 to form a first metal trace 43 on the first metal piece 4, and the antenna 100 is pre-configured with an electron supply. The space in which the component is embedded. In Fig. 1, the portion of the first metal piece 4 on which the hatching is drawn is the first metal trace 43, and the blank portion (the hollow portion) on the first metal sheet 4 indicates the first microgroove structure 41. In addition, the first feed line 2 and the second feed line 3 are also indicated by hatching.

The first feed line 2 and the second feed line 3 are both disposed around the first metal piece 4 to achieve signal coupling. In addition, the first metal piece 4 may or may not be in contact with the first feed line 2 and the second feed line 3. When the first metal piece 4 is in contact with the first feed line 2, the first feed line 2 is inductively coupled with the first metal piece 4; when the first metal piece 4 is not in contact with the first feed line 2, the first feed line 2 and the first A capacitive coupling between the metal sheets 4. Similarly, when the first metal piece 4 is in contact with the second feed line 3, the second feed line 3 is inductively coupled with the first metal piece 4; when the first metal piece 4 and the second feed line 3 When not in contact, the second feed line 3 is capacitively coupled to the first metal piece 4.

It is known that antennas of different polarization modes can be obtained by changing the feeding position of the feeder. Therefore, in the present invention, a dual-polarized antenna can be obtained by changing the feeding positions of the first feeder 2 and the second feeder 3. Preferably, the feeding mode of the first feeding line 2 is horizontal polarization, and the feeding mode of the second feeding line 3 is vertical polarization. Each polarization mode can realize the following functions according to different needs, for example, the following situations :

(1) One of the horizontal polarization and the vertical polarization is only used to receive electromagnetic waves, and the other polarization is used to emit electromagnetic waves.

(2) One of the horizontal polarization and the vertical polarization is only used to receive electromagnetic waves, and the other polarization is used to transmit and receive electromagnetic waves.

(3) Both polarization modes in horizontal polarization and vertical polarization are used to transmit and receive electromagnetic waves.

Referring to FIG. 1 , in the first embodiment, a space 51 and a space 52 embedded with inductive electronic components and/or resistors are respectively disposed on the first feed line 2 and the second feed line 3 , and a preset embedded electronic component space is provided. The position may be any position on the first feeder 2 and the second feeder 3, and there may be more than one. Inductive electronic components can be embedded in the space 51 and the space 52 to vary the inductance values on the first feed line 2 and the second feed line 3. Apply the formula: f=1/(2π It can be seen that the magnitude of the inductance is inversely proportional to the square of the operating frequency, so when the required operating frequency is a lower operating frequency, it is achieved by appropriate embedded inductance or inductive electronic components. In this embodiment, the inductance value of the added inductive electronic component ranges from 0 to 5 uH. If too large an alternating signal is consumed by the inductive component, the radiation efficiency of the antenna is affected. The dual-polarized antenna of this embodiment has good radiation characteristics of multiple frequency bands, and the five main radiating frequencies are distributed from 900 MHz to 5.5 GHz, covering almost GSM, CDMA, Bluetooth, W-Lan (IEEE 802.11 protocol). Various major communication frequencies, such as GPS and TD-LTE, have very high integration and can change the operating frequency of the antenna by adjusting the inductance values of the first feeder and the second feeder. Of course, it is also possible to embed two resistors in the space 51 and the space 52 to improve the radiation resistance of the antenna. Of course, the spaces 51 and 52 may also be respectively embedded with a resistor and an inductive electronic component, which not only realizes the adjustment of the operating frequency, but also improves the radiation resistance of the antenna. Of course, it is also possible to add electronic components only in the space 51 and the space 52, and the other space is short-circuited by wires.

Referring to FIG. 1 , in the first embodiment, a space 53 in which a capacitive electronic component is embedded is disposed between the first feed line 2 and the first metal piece 4 and between the second feed line 3 and the first metal piece 4 . The space 54 and the preset position of the embedded electronic component space may be any position between the first feed line 2 and the first metal piece 4, and between the second feed line 3 and the first metal piece 4. The space 53 and the space 54 in FIG. 3 are the spaces in which the capacitive electronic components are embedded in the embodiment. The first feed line 2, the second feed line 3 and the first metal piece 4 have a certain capacitance between themselves, and the capacitive electrons are embedded therein. The component adjusts the signal coupling between the first feed line 2, the second feed line 3 and the first metal piece 4, and uses the formula: f=1/(2π It can be seen that the magnitude of the capacitance is inversely proportional to the square of the operating frequency, so when the required operating frequency is a lower operating frequency, it is achieved by appropriate embedded capacitance or inductive electronic components. In this embodiment, the capacitance value of the added capacitive electronic component is usually in the range of 0-2 pF, but the embedded capacitance value may exceed the range of 0-2 pF as the antenna operating frequency changes. Of course, a plurality of spaces may be preset between the first feed line 2, the second feed line 3, and the first metal piece 4. Similarly, in a space where electronic components are not connected, wire shorting is employed.

With continued reference to FIG. 1, in the first embodiment, spaces 55, 56 in which inductive electronic components and/or resistors are embedded are reserved on the metal traces 42 of the first metal piece, and the space for embedding the electronic components is not limited to The space 55 and the space 56 given in the figure may be other positions as long as the conditions are satisfied. The purpose of embedding the inductive electronic component here is to increase the inductance value of the internal resonant structure of the first metal piece, thereby adjusting the resonant frequency and the working bandwidth of the antenna; the purpose of embedding the resistor here is to improve the radiation resistance of the antenna. Whether it is embedded in an inductive electronic component or a resistor is determined as needed. In addition, in the space where the electronic component is not embedded, the wire is short-circuited.

Referring again to FIG. 1, in the first embodiment, a space 57 in which the capacitive electronic components are embedded is reserved on the first microgroove structure 41, and the space 57 connects the metal traces 42 on both sides of the microgroove structure 41. The space in which the electronic components are embedded is not limited to the space 57 given in Fig. 5, and other positions may be satisfied as long as the conditions are satisfied. Embedding the capacitive electronic component can change the resonant performance of the first metal piece 4, ultimately improving the Q value of the antenna and the resonant operating point. As a common knowledge, we know that the relationship between the passband BW and the resonance frequency w0 and the quality factor Q is: BW=wo/Q, which indicates that the larger the Q, the narrower the passband, and the smaller the Q, the wider the passband. Another: Q=wL/R=1/wRC, where Q is the quality factor; w is the power frequency of the circuit resonance; L is the inductance; R is the resistance of the string; C is the capacitance, by Q=wL/R= According to the 1/wRC formula, Q and C are inversely proportional. Therefore, the Q value can be reduced by adding a capacitive electronic component to widen the pass band.

Referring again to FIG. 1, in the first embodiment, between the first feed line 2, the second feed line 3, the first feed line 2 and the first metal piece 4, the second feed line 3 and the first metal piece 4, and The first metal piece 4 is provided with electronic components for the five positions. Embedded space. The space on the first metal piece 4 includes a space disposed on the first metal trace 43 and a space disposed on the first micro-slot structure 41 and connecting the first metal traces 43 on both sides. Specifically, the space in this embodiment includes a space 51 on the first feeder 2, a space 52 on the second feeder 3, a space 53 between the first feeder 2 and the first metal piece 4, and a second feeder 3 and a space 54 between the metal sheets 4, a space 55, 56 on the first metal trace 43, a space 57 on the first microgroove structure 41, of course, the position given in the first embodiment is not unique In the present invention, an electronic component is added to the above space to adjust the performance of the antenna, and the principle thereof is similar to the foregoing principle, and details are not described herein again.

The reserved position of the space on the dual-polarized antenna 100 of the present invention is not limited to the above five forms, and the space may be provided on the dual-polarized antenna. For example, the space may also be disposed on the first dielectric substrate 1.

The electronic component of the present invention is an inductive electronic component, a capacitive electronic component, or a resistor. By incorporating such electronic components into the reserved space of the antenna, various performances of the antenna can be improved. And by adding electronic components with different parameters, the antenna performance parameters can be adjusted. Therefore, the dual-polarized antenna of the present invention can have the same structure without adding any components, but by adding different electronic components at different positions, and parameters of the electronic components (inductance value, resistance value, capacitance value). Performance parameters of different antennas. That is to achieve versatility. Can significantly reduce production costs.

The space of the present invention may be a pad or a vacancy. The structure of the pad can be referred to the pad on a common circuit board. Of course, the size of the design will vary according to different needs.

In addition, in the present invention, the dielectric substrate is made of a ceramic material, a polymer material, or iron. Made of electrical materials, ferrite materials or ferromagnetic materials. Preferably, it is made of a polymer material, specifically, a polymer material such as FR-4 or F4B.

In the present invention, the metal piece is a copper piece or a silver piece. It is preferably a copper sheet, which is inexpensive and has good electrical conductivity.

In the present invention, the first feed line and the second feed line are made of the same material as the metal piece. It is preferably copper.

In the present invention, as for the processing and manufacturing of the antenna, various manufacturing methods can be employed as long as the design principle of the present invention is satisfied. The most common method is to use a variety of printed circuit board (PCB) manufacturing methods. Of course, metallized through-holes, double-sided copper-clad PCB fabrication can also meet the processing requirements of the present invention. In addition to this processing method, other processing means can be introduced according to actual needs, such as RFID (RFID is the abbreviation of Radio Frequency Identification, that is, radio frequency identification technology, commonly known as electronic label), the processing method of conductive silver paste ink, various types can be The flexible PCB processing of the deformation device, the processing method of the iron piece antenna, and the processing method of the combination of the iron piece and the PCB. Among them, the combination of iron sheet and PCB processing means that the precise processing of the PCB is used to complete the processing of the antenna micro-groove structure, and the iron piece is used to complete other auxiliary parts. In addition, it can also be processed by etching, electroplating, drilling, photolithography, electron engraving or ion engraving.

Referring to FIG. 2, FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a second embodiment of a dual-polarized antenna according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2, the second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the first metal piece 4 is further The hollow has a second microgroove structure 42, wherein the first microgroove structure 41 and the second microgroove structure 42 are asymmetrically disposed.

The "asymmetric first microgroove structure 41 and the second microgroove structure 42" as used in the present invention means that both the first microgroove structure 41 and the second microgroove structure 42 are unconstructed. An axisymmetric structure. In other words, an axis of symmetry is not found on the surface of a such that the first microgroove structure 41 and the second microgroove structure 42 are symmetrically disposed with respect to the axis of symmetry.

In the present invention, the first microgroove structure 41 and the second microgroove structure 42 are asymmetric in structure, so the capacitance and inductance at two locations are different, thereby generating at least two different resonance points, and the resonance point is not easily offset. It is beneficial to achieve rich multi-mode antenna.

The first microgroove structure 41 and the second microgroove structure 42 of the present invention may have the same structural form or may be different. And the degree of asymmetry of the first microgroove structure 41 and the second microgroove structure 42 can be adjusted as needed. This enables a rich, adjustable multimode resonance.

Moreover, according to the invention, more microgroove structures can be disposed on the same piece of metal sheet, so that the antenna has more than three different resonant frequencies.

Specifically, the asymmetric situation in the present invention may have the following situations.

Fig. 2 shows the first case of the asymmetric structure in the second embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2, the first microgroove structure 41 and the second microgroove structure 42 on the surface of the dielectric substrate a are both open spiral loop structures, and the first microgroove structure 41 and the second microgroove structure 42 are not in communication, but The difference in size results in an asymmetry in the structure of the two such that the antenna has at least two resonant frequencies.

Fig. 3 shows a second case of the asymmetric structure in the second embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2, the first microgroove structure 41 and the second microgroove structure 42 on the surface of the dielectric substrate a are both open spiral ring structures and have the same size, the first microgroove structure 41 and the second microgroove. Structure 42 is not connected, but due to the The positional arrangement of both the microgroove structure 41 and the second microgroove structure 42 results in an asymmetry in the structure of the two.

Fig. 4 shows a third case of the asymmetric structure in the second embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3, the first microgroove structure 41 on the surface of the dielectric substrate a is a complementary spiral structure, and the second microgroove structure 42 is an open spiral ring structure, and the first microgroove structure 41 and the second microgroove structure 42 Not identical, it is apparent that the first microgroove structure 41 and the second microgroove structure 42 are asymmetrical.

In addition, in the above three cases, the first microgroove structure 41 and the second microgroove structure 42 can also realize the first microgroove structure 41 and the second microgroove structure by hollowing out a new groove on the first metal piece 4. 42 connectivity. After the communication, the first microgroove structure 41 and the second microgroove structure 42 are still asymmetric structures, and therefore, the effect of the present invention is not greatly affected, and the antenna can also have at least two resonance frequencies.

It should be noted that, in the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2 to FIG. 4, a reserved space (not labeled) for embedding the electronic component is also disposed on the antenna, by adding different parameters in the reserved space ( The electronic components of the inductance value, the resistance value, and the capacitance value can adjust the antenna performance parameters, thereby improving the versatility of the antenna. The reserved space may be disposed, for example, on the feeder, between the feeder and the metal sheet, on the metal trace, or on the first microgroove structure. In other words, in the second embodiment, the setting principle and setting manner of the reserved space for embedding the electronic component are the same as those described in the foregoing first embodiment, and thus will not be described herein.

Referring to FIG. 5, FIG. 5 is a rear perspective view of a third embodiment of the dual-polarized antenna of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 5, the third embodiment is improved on the basis of the second embodiment described above: a second metal piece 7, a second metal The sheet 7 is attached to the other surface b of the first dielectric substrate 1, and a third feed line 8 and a fourth feed line 9 are disposed around the second metal sheet 7. The third feed line 8 and the fourth feed line 9 are both fed into the second metal piece 7 by coupling, and the third metal plate 7 is further hollowed out with a third micro groove structure 71 and a fourth micro groove structure 72, wherein the third The microgroove structure 71 and the fourth microgroove structure 72 are disposed asymmetrically, the first feed line 2 is electrically connected to the third feed line 8, and the second feed line 3 is electrically connected to the fourth feed line 9.

As shown in FIG. 5, in the third embodiment, the metallized via 10 may be disposed on the third feed line 8 such that the third feed line 8 may be electrically connected to the first feed line 2 through the through hole 10; The metallized via 20 is disposed on the 9 such that the fourth feed line 9 can be electrically connected to the second feed line 3 through the metallized via 20.

In the third embodiment, the metal sheets are disposed on both sides of the same dielectric substrate, which is equivalent to increasing the physical length of the antenna (the actual length dimension is not increased), so that it can be designed to operate at an extremely low operating frequency in a very small space. Under the RF antenna. Solve the physical limitation of the controlled space area of the antenna when the traditional antenna operates at low frequencies.

In addition, the technical effects and specific implementations achieved by the asymmetric arrangement of the third microgroove structure 71 and the fourth microgroove structure 72 are different from those of the first microgroove structure and the second microgroove structure described in the second embodiment. The technical effects and specific implementations achieved by the symmetric setting structure are the same, and are not described herein again.

It should be noted that, in the third embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, a reserved space (not labeled) for embedding the electronic component is also disposed on the antenna, by adding different parameters (inductance value, The electronic components of the resistance value and the capacitance value can adjust the antenna performance parameters, thereby improving the versatility of the antenna. Wherein, the reserved space can be set, for example, on the feeder line, between the feeder line and the metal piece, and the metal is taken away. On the line or on the first microgroove structure. In other words, in the third embodiment, the setting principle and setting manner of the reserved space for embedding the electronic component are the same as those described in the foregoing first embodiment, and thus will not be described herein.

6 is a rear perspective view of a fourth embodiment of the dual-polarized antenna of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 6, the fourth embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the fourth embodiment is further An embodiment of the second metal sheet 7 is disposed on the other surface b of the first dielectric substrate 1. The second metal sheet 7 is attached to the other surface b of the first dielectric substrate 1 and surrounds the second metal sheet. 7 is provided with a third feed line 8 and a fourth feed line 9, the third feed line 8 and the fourth feed line 9 are fed into the second metal piece 7 by coupling, and the second metal piece 7 is hollowed out with the second micro-slot structure 71 to A second metal trace 73 is formed on the second metal piece 7, the first feed line 2 is electrically connected to the third feed line 8, and the second feed line 3 is electrically connected to the fourth feed line 9.

As shown in FIG. 6 , in the fourth embodiment, the metallized via 10 may be disposed on the third feed line 8 so that the third feed line 8 can be electrically connected to the first feed line 2 through the metallized through hole 10 . The metal feedthrough 20 is disposed on the fourth feed line 9 such that the fourth feed line 9 can be electrically connected to the second feed line 3 through the metallized through hole 20.

This design is equivalent to increasing the physical length of the antenna (the actual length does not increase), so that the RF antenna operating at very low operating frequencies can be designed in a very small space. Solve the physical limitation of the controlled space area of the antenna when the traditional antenna operates at low frequencies.

It should be noted that, in the fourth embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, a reserved space (not labeled) for embedding an electronic component is also disposed on the antenna, by adding different parameters (inductance value, The electronic components of the resistance value and the capacitance value can adjust the antenna performance parameters, thereby improving the versatility of the antenna. among them, The reserved space can be disposed, for example, on the feeder, between the feeder and the metal sheet, on the metal trace, or on the first microgroove structure. In other words, in the fourth embodiment, the setting principle and setting manner of the reserved space for embedding the electronic component are the same as those described in the foregoing first embodiment, and thus will not be described herein.

Referring to FIG. 7, FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a fifth embodiment of the dual-polarized antenna of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 6, in the fifth embodiment, the fourth embodiment is further provided. a second dielectric substrate 2, one surface of the second dielectric substrate 2 is overlapped with the surface b of the first dielectric substrate 1, and the other surface is provided with a third metal piece 30, one of the third feed line 8 and the fourth feed line 9. Or all of them are electrically connected to the third metal piece 30.

Referring to FIG. 7 and FIG. 6 together, a metallized via 23 may be formed on the second dielectric substrate 2, and the metallized via 23 may be perpendicular to the metallized via 10 on the first dielectric substrate 1. The faces can also be staggered from each other. The metallized via 23 electrically connects the third feed line 21 and/or the fourth feed line 22 with the third metal piece 30.

In the present embodiment, since the area of the third metal piece 30 coupled with the feeding is easy to adjust, it is only necessary to simply adjust the coupling feeding area of the third metal piece 30 for different working bands.

It should be noted that, in the fifth embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7, a reserved space (not labeled) for embedding an electronic component is also disposed on the antenna, by adding different parameters (inductance value, The electronic components of the resistance value and the capacitance value can adjust the antenna performance parameters, thereby improving the versatility of the antenna. The reserved space may be disposed, for example, on the feeder, between the feeder and the metal sheet, on the metal trace, or on the first microgroove structure. In other words, in the fifth embodiment, the setting principle and setting manner of the reserved space for embedding the electronic component and the first one are The descriptions are the same in the embodiment, and thus will not be described again.

Referring to FIG. 8, FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a sixth embodiment of a dual-polarized antenna according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 8, the difference between the sixth embodiment and the first embodiment is that the sixth embodiment is further A second dielectric substrate 2 is disposed on the basis of an embodiment, wherein the second dielectric substrate 2 covers the first metal sheet 4.

In the sixth embodiment, the first metal piece 4 is located between the first dielectric substrate 1 and the second dielectric substrate 2, so that the antenna needs to pass through the second dielectric substrate 2 when receiving or transmitting electromagnetic waves, so that the overall distribution of the antenna The increase of the capacitance and the increase of the distributed capacitance can effectively reduce the operating frequency of the antenna. Therefore, the antenna can still work well at low frequencies without changing the length of the feeder, and meet the requirements of small antenna size, low operating frequency and wideband multimode.

It should be noted that, in the sixth embodiment, as shown in FIG. 8, a reserved space (not labeled) for embedding the electronic component is also disposed on the antenna, by adding different parameters (inductance value, The electronic components of the resistance value and the capacitance value can adjust the antenna performance parameters, thereby improving the versatility of the antenna. The reserved space may be disposed, for example, on the feeder, between the feeder and the metal sheet, on the metal trace, or on the first microgroove structure. In other words, in the sixth embodiment, the setting principle and setting manner of the reserved space for embedding the electronic component are the same as those described in the foregoing first embodiment, and thus will not be described herein.

Referring to FIG. 9, FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a seventh embodiment of a dual-polarized antenna according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 9, the difference between the seventh embodiment and the first embodiment is that the seventh embodiment is further The second metal piece 5 is disposed on the basis of an embodiment, and a medium is disposed between the first metal piece 4 and the second metal piece 5, and the second metal piece 5 is disposed opposite to the first metal piece 4 and is opposite to the first feed line 2 One of the second feeders 5 Or all electrical connections.

The first feed line 2 further includes a first feed point 111, and the second feed line 3 further includes a second feed point 121, the feed direction of the first feed point 111 and the feed direction of the second feed point 121 being perpendicular to each other such that The first feed line 2 and the second feed line 3 correspond to a horizontal polarization mode of operation and a vertical polarization mode of operation of the dual polarization antenna, respectively.

The medium between the first metal piece 4 and the second metal piece 5 may be a high molecular polymer, a ceramic material, or the like, or may be air. When the medium is air, the first feed line 2 and/or the second feed line 3 and the second metal piece 5 are electrically connected by wires, and when the medium is a high molecular polymer or ceramic material, the first feed line 12 and/or the second feed line 3 and the second metal piece 5 are electrically connected to each other by forming metalized through holes on the medium. In the present invention, the medium is made of polytetrafluoroethylene (FR4) and electrically connected to the second metal piece 5 and the first feed line 2 and the second feed line 3 through the metallized through holes 6.

The arrangement of the second metal piece 5 can effectively solve the problem that the electromagnetic wave of the low frequency band corresponds to a longer wavelength when the conventional patent antenna operates at a low frequency. According to the antenna design principle, the electric radiation length of the antenna feed line is increased to make the length of the feed line longer. It is not conducive to the miniaturization of the antenna as a whole and the longer feeder causes the feeder loss to increase, thereby causing a problem of degraded antenna performance. The problem is solved by the principle that the second metal piece 5 is capacitively coupled with the first metal piece 4, and the first micro-slot structure 41 formed on the first metal piece 4 is coupled and fed. The second metal piece 5 is coupled to the first micro-slot structure 41 formed on the first metal piece 4 to effectively reduce the first micro-groove structure formed on the first metal piece 4 by the first feed line 2 and the second feed line 3. 41 requirements for coupled feeds. Therefore, when the antenna operates in the low frequency band, it is not necessary to increase the lengths of the first feed line 2 and the second feed line 3, and the area of the second metal piece 5 coupled feed is easy to adjust, and the second metal piece needs to be simply adjusted for different working frequency bands. 5 coupled feed area Just fine.

It should be noted that, in the seventh embodiment, as shown in FIG. 9, a reserved space (not labeled) for embedding the electronic component is also disposed on the antenna, by adding different parameters (inductance value, The electronic components of the resistance value and the capacitance value can adjust the antenna performance parameters, thereby improving the versatility of the antenna. The reserved space may be disposed, for example, on the feeder, between the feeder and the metal sheet, on the metal trace, or on the first microgroove structure. In other words, in the seventh embodiment, the setting principle and setting manner of the reserved space for embedding the electronic component are the same as those described in the foregoing first embodiment, and thus will not be described herein.

It should be noted that, in all embodiments of the present invention, the microgroove structure in the present invention may be the complementary open resonant ring structure shown in FIG. 10, the complementary spiral structure shown in FIG. 11, and FIG. One of the open spiral ring structure, the double-open spiral ring structure shown in FIG. 13, and the complementary bent line structure shown in FIG. 14 is derived from one of the above five structures, and a plurality of structural composites or one of them The microgroove structure obtained by the structural array.

Among them, there are two kinds of derivation, one is geometric shape derivation, and the other is extended derivation. Here, geometric derivation refers to structural derivation with similar functions and different shapes, for example, derived from a box structure to a curve structure, a triangle. Class structure and other different polygon class structures. The extended derivative here is to open a new groove on the basis of Figs. 10 to 14 to form a new microgroove structure. Taking the complementary open resonant ring structure shown in FIG. 17 as an example, FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of its geometric shape, and FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of its geometric shape.

The recombination here means that the microgroove structures of FIGS. 10 to 14 are superposed to form a new microgroove structure. As shown in Figure 17, there are three complementary forms shown in Figure 10. FIG. 18 is a structural schematic view showing the composite resonant ring structure shown in FIG.

The array here refers to a micro-groove structure formed by arraying a plurality of micro-groove structures shown in FIG. 10 to FIG. 14 on the same metal sheet, as shown in FIG. 19, which is complementary to each other as shown in FIG. Schematic diagram of the structure after the array of open resonant ring structures. In the above embodiments, the invention is illustrated by taking the open spiral ring structure shown in Fig. 12 as an example.

The present invention also provides a MIMO antenna, which is composed of a plurality of dual-polarized antennas as described in the above embodiments. Here, MIMO refers to multiple input and multiple output. That is, all of the individual dual-polarized antennas 100 on the MIMO antenna are simultaneously transmitted and simultaneously received. The MIMO antenna can greatly increase the information throughput and transmission distance of the system without increasing the bandwidth or the total transmission power loss. In addition, the MIMO antenna of the present invention also has high isolation and strong anti-interference ability between multiple antennas. And in the MIMO antenna disclosed in the present invention, the first feeder and the second feeder of each dual-polarized antenna 100 are connected to one receiver/transmitter, and all the receivers/transmitters are connected to one baseband signal processor. on.

The dual-polarized antenna of the invention has the following beneficial effects as compared with the conventional antenna: a space for embedding an electronic component is disposed at a corresponding position of the dual-polarized antenna, and the performance of the antenna can be finely adjusted by changing the performance of the embedded electronic component. Design antennas that meet the requirements of adaptability and versatility. The MIMO antenna of the present invention uses a plurality of the above-mentioned dual-polarized antennas, and has the characteristics of a dual-polarized antenna itself, high isolation, and resistance between multiple antennas. Strong interference ability.

Although the invention has been disclosed above by way of preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the invention. Those skilled in the art will be able to make some modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of the invention is intended to fall within the scope of the appended claims.

1‧‧‧First dielectric substrate

2‧‧‧First feeder

3‧‧‧second feeder

4‧‧‧First sheet metal

5‧‧‧Second metal sheet

6‧‧‧Metalized through holes

7‧‧‧Second metal piece

8‧‧‧ third feeder

9‧‧‧fourth feeder

10‧‧‧Metalized through holes

20‧‧‧Metalized through holes

23‧‧‧Metalized through holes

30‧‧‧ Third metal sheet

41‧‧‧First microgroove structure

42‧‧‧Metal routing

43‧‧‧First metal trace

51‧‧‧ Space

52‧‧‧ Space

53‧‧‧ Space

54‧‧‧ Space

55‧‧‧ Space

56‧‧‧ Space

57‧‧‧ Space

71‧‧‧ Third microgroove structure

72‧‧‧fourth microgroove structure

73‧‧‧Second metal trace

100‧‧‧Doubly polarized antenna

111‧‧‧First Feed Point

121‧‧‧second feed point

A‧‧‧ surface

b‧‧‧Surface

1 is a perspective view of a dual-polarized antenna according to a first embodiment of the present invention; FIGS. 2 to 4 are perspective views of a second embodiment of the dual-polarized antenna of the present invention; and FIG. 5 is a dual-polarized antenna of the present invention. 3 is a perspective view of a back side of a dual-polarized antenna according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a fifth embodiment of the dual-polarized antenna of the present invention; FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a seventh embodiment of a dual-polarized antenna of the present invention; FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a complementary open resonant ring structure; FIG. Schematic diagram of the spiral structure; FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the structure of the open spiral ring; FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the structure of the double-open spiral ring; FIG. 14 is a schematic view of the structure of the complementary bent line; A schematic diagram of the geometry of the complementary open resonant ring structure shown; 16 is a schematic exploded view of the complementary open resonant ring structure shown in FIG. 10; FIG. 17 is a schematic structural view of the composite open resonant ring structure shown in FIG. 10; FIG. FIG. 19 is a schematic structural view of the complementary open resonant ring structure shown in FIG.

1‧‧‧First dielectric substrate

2‧‧‧First feeder

3‧‧‧second feeder

4‧‧‧First sheet metal

41‧‧‧First microgroove structure

43‧‧‧First metal trace

51‧‧‧ Space

52‧‧‧ Space

53‧‧‧ Space

54‧‧‧ Space

55‧‧‧ Space

56‧‧‧ Space

57‧‧‧ Space

100‧‧‧Doubly polarized antenna

Claims (17)

A dual-polarized antenna, wherein the antenna includes a first dielectric substrate, a first feed line, a second feed line, and a first metal piece attached to a surface of the first dielectric substrate, wherein the first feed line and the second feed line pass Couplingly feeding the first metal piece, the first metal piece is hollowed out with a first micro groove structure to form a metal trace on the first metal piece, and the antenna is pre-set with a space for embedding an electronic component; The dual-polarized antenna further includes a second metal piece attached to another surface of the first dielectric substrate, and a third feed line and a fourth feed line are disposed around the second metal piece. The third feed line and the fourth feed line are both fed into the second metal piece by coupling, and the second metal piece is hollowed out with a second micro groove structure to form a second metal trace on the second metal piece. The first feed line is electrically connected to the third feed line, and the second feed line is electrically connected to the fourth feed line. The dual-polarized antenna according to claim 1, wherein the space is disposed between the first feed line, the second feed line, the first feed line and the first metal piece, and the second feed line and the first metal piece a metal trace on the first metal piece or on the first micro-slot structure and connecting the metal traces on both sides of the first micro-slot structure. The dual-polarized antenna of claim 1, wherein the electronic component is an inductive electronic component, a capacitive electronic component, or a resistor. The dual-polarized antenna of claim 3, wherein the space is a pad formed on the dual-polarized antenna. The dual-polarized antenna according to claim 3, wherein the inductive electronic component has an inductance value ranging between 0 and 5 uH. The dual-polarized antenna of claim 3, wherein the capacitive electronic component capacitance value ranges between 0 and 2 pF. The dual-polarized antenna according to claim 1, wherein the first micro-groove structure is a complementary open resonant ring structure, a complementary spiral structure, an open spiral ring structure, a double-open spiral ring structure, and a complementary One of the bent line structures is a microgroove structure obtained by one of the above five structures, wherein a plurality of structural composites or one of the structural arrays is obtained. The dual-polarized antenna according to claim 1, wherein the first metal piece is further hollowed out with a third micro-groove structure, wherein the first micro-groove structure and the third micro-groove structure are asymmetric Settings. The dual-polarized antenna according to claim 8, wherein the second metal piece is further hollowed out with a fourth micro-groove structure, wherein the second micro-slot structure and the fourth micro-slot structure are set to asymmetrical. The dual-polarized antenna according to claim 1, wherein the dual-polarized antenna further includes a second dielectric substrate, and a surface of the second dielectric substrate coincides with another surface of the first dielectric substrate, The other surface of the second dielectric substrate is provided with a third metal piece, and one or all of the third feeding line and the fourth feeding line are electrically connected to the third metal piece. The dual-polarized antenna of claim 1, wherein the dual-polarized antenna further comprises a second dielectric substrate, the second dielectric substrate covering the first metal piece. The dual-polarized antenna according to claim 1, wherein the first feed line further includes a first feed point, and the second feed line further includes a second feed point, the first feed point Feeding direction and the feeding side of the second feeding point The mutually perpendicular to the first feed line and the second feed line respectively correspond to a horizontal polarization mode of operation and a vertical polarization mode of operation of the dual polarization antenna. A MIMO antenna, wherein the MIMO antenna includes a plurality of dual-polarized antennas, the antenna includes a first dielectric substrate, a first feed line, a second feed line, and a first metal piece attached to a surface of the first dielectric substrate. The first feed line and the second feed line are both fed into the first metal piece by coupling, and the first metal piece is hollowed out with a first micro groove structure to form a metal trace on the first metal piece, the antenna Pre-configured with a space for embedding electronic components; the dual-polarized antenna further includes a second metal piece, the second metal piece being attached to another surface of the first dielectric substrate, disposed around the second metal piece There is a third feed line and a fourth feed line, wherein the third feed line and the fourth feed line are fed into the second metal piece by coupling, and the second metal piece is hollowed out with a second micro groove structure to be A second metal trace is formed on the second metal piece, the first feed line is electrically connected to the third feed line, and the second feed line is electrically connected to the fourth feed line. The MIMO antenna of claim 13, wherein the first metal piece is also hollowed out with a third micro-slot structure, and the first micro-slot structure and the third micro-slot structure are asymmetrically disposed. The MIMO antenna according to claim 14, wherein the second metal piece is further hollowed out with a fourth microgroove structure, wherein the second microgroove structure and the fourth microgroove structure are set to be asymmetric . . The MIMO antenna of claim 15, wherein the dual-polarized antenna further comprises a second dielectric substrate, a surface of the second dielectric substrate coincides with another surface of the first dielectric substrate, The second medium The other surface of the substrate is provided with a third metal piece, and one or all of the third feed line and the fourth feed line are electrically connected to the third metal piece. The MIMO antenna according to claim 13, wherein the dual-polarized antenna further comprises a second dielectric substrate, the second dielectric substrate covering the first metal piece.