TWI500409B - Reduction and compression bone screw - Google Patents

Description

Bone nail with reset and pressure function

The present invention relates to a medical device for use in orthopedic surgery, and more particularly to a bone nail having a function of restoring and pressurizing.

Minimally invasive surgery has become a new trend in clinical fracture surgery due to its advantages of small wounds, convenient care, and rapid postoperative healing. In detail, in order to promote postoperative healing of the patient's broken bone, the surgeon must first reset and pressurize the broken bone through an open reduction method. The surgeon then temporarily fixes the broken bone using a fracture reduction tool (eg, various reduction forceps or steel nails). Finally, the surgeon confirms that the relative position of the broken bone is correct after observation by a vision device such as a fluoroscopy X-ray machine, and then inserts a bone nail from the cut wound or inserts a bone plate to fix the broken bone.

Referring to Fig. 7, the "integrated intramedullary nail" disclosed in the Republic of China Patent Publication No. 200924702 is an example of a clinically used bone nail. The two ends of the intramedullary nail (1) respectively have a first joint end (11) and a second joint end (12), and the first joint end (11) and the second joint end (12) are respectively formed outside. Threads (13, 14), when the intramedullary nail (1) is screwed into the broken bone, the external threads (13, 14) of the first engaging end (11) and the second engaging end (12) are connected to the broken bone, and the broken bone is broken. Bone fixation.

Referring to Fig. 8, "Surgical Compression Bone Screw" disclosed in U.S. Patent Publication No. 2008/0234763 is also another example of a clinically used bone nail. The bone nail (2) has a longitudinal axis (21), a proximal end portion (22) and a distal end portion (23), and the proximal end portion (22) and the distal end portion (23) are respectively disposed adjacent to each other. End thread (24) and a distal thread (25). The minimum radius of the proximal thread (24) is substantially equal to the distal thread (25) The maximum radius, the proximal thread (24) and the distal thread (25) have substantially similar thread profiles and thread pitches, and the proximal threads (24) are continuous. When the nail (2) is rotated into the broken bone, the proximal thread (24) and the distal thread (25) respectively bite the different regions of the broken bone, and fix the broken bone and pressurize the broken bone.

In summary, the bone nails currently used in clinical practice mainly provide the function of fixing broken bones, although some bone nails also have the function of pressing the broken bones. Taking US Patent Publication No. 2008/0234763 as an example, since the bone screw (2) rotates, the proximal thread (24) and the distal thread (25) will rotate together, so that the bone nail (2) provides the addition. The pressure function is slightly insufficient. In other words, due to the overall design of the currently used bone nails, the surgeon must still perform a reduction and compression of the patient's broken bone through an open reduction method when performing a fracture operation. Therefore, it is indeed necessary to propose improvements to the currently used bone nails.

The object of the present invention is to provide a modified bone nail which mainly provides a function of breaking bone and reducing pressure by connecting broken bones through different components and transmitting relative displacement between different components.

To achieve the above and/or other objects, the present invention provides a bone nail comprising the following elements: a rod, a sleeve and a head. The rod body is respectively formed with a first male thread and a second male thread at opposite ends of the rod body, wherein the first male thread is used for fixing to a distal broken bone. The sleeve is for inserting into a proximal broken bone, and the sleeve has a through hole, and the inner wall of one side of the through hole is provided with a female thread of the second male thread of the engaging rod body, so that the sleeve ring body is provided with the first The end of the two male thread is used to connect the proximal broken bone and the distal broken bone. The head portion is integrally formed on the outer wall adjacent to the other side of the through hole of the sleeve for abutting against a surface of the proximal broken bone. Thereby, when the head is rotated, the rod body A relative displacement is formed between the sleeve and the sleeve such that the proximal and distal bones move relatively.

The above and/or other objects, features, and features of the present invention will become more apparent and understood.

Referring to Figures 1 and 2, there is shown a bone nail according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The bone nail of the preferred embodiment comprises: a rod body (3), a sleeve (4) and a head. Department (5).

As shown in FIG. 2, the rod body (3) has a first end portion and a second end portion opposite to the first end portion, and the first end portion and the second end portion are respectively formed with a first male thread ( 31) and a second male thread (32). The shaft (3) is also provided with a tip (33) extending outwardly from the first end for the purposes discussed below. The rod body (3) is further provided with a clamping groove (34) at the second end, and the locking groove (34) has a shape corresponding to a screwdriver (not shown) for facilitating the alignment of the screwdriver and rotating the rod Body (3).

As shown in Fig. 2, the sleeve (4) has a through hole (41) having a first side and a second side with respect to the first side. The inner wall of the first side of the through hole (41) is provided with a female thread (42) corresponding to the thread and corresponding to the second male thread (32), so that the sleeve (4) is looped to the second end of the rod body (3) unit. The outer wall of the first side of the through hole (41) is further provided with a third male thread (43).

As shown in Fig. 2, the head (5) is integrally formed on the outer wall adjacent to the second side of the through hole (41) of the sleeve (4). The head (5) is further provided with a locking hole (51) which communicates with the through hole (41) of the sleeve (4), and the locking hole (51) has a shape corresponding to another screwdriver (not shown). It is convenient to rotate the head (5) for the screw driver to align. The head (5) is further provided with a fourth male thread (52).

As shown in Fig. 2, the locking hole (51) of the head (5) is connected to the rod (3). The groove (34), and in order to facilitate the alignment of the two screwdrivers and to rotate the rod body (3) and the head (5), the radial cross-sectional area of the locking hole (51) of the head (5) is preferably It is larger than the radial cross-sectional area of the clamping groove (34) of the rod body (3).

As shown in Fig. 2, the locking hole (51) of the head (5) and the through hole (41) of the sleeve (4) are in communication with each other, so that the rod body (3) may pass through the locking hole (51). ) and protrudes from the card hole (51) out of the head (5). To avoid this, the radial cross-sectional area of the locking hole (51) is preferably smaller than the maximum radial cross-sectional area of the second male thread (32), thereby providing the locking hole (51) with a means of abutment.

Referring to FIGS. 3A and 3B, the head (5) is integrally formed in the through hole (41) of the sleeve (4), and the sleeve (4) is looped to the second end of the rod body (3). Therefore, when the head (5) is rotated, a relative displacement is formed between the rod (3) and the sleeve (4).

Please refer to Figures 4 and 5 for a way of using the nail of this preferred embodiment for fracture surgery. As with previous fracture procedures, the surgeon must pre-drill a proximal broken bone (A) and a distal broken bone (B).

As shown in Fig. 4, the tip end (33) of the rod body (3) is used as a starting end, and the nails sequentially pass through the holes of the proximal broken bone (A) and the distal broken bone (B). Thereafter, a screwdriver is aligned with the locking groove (34) of the rod body (3) to rotate the rod body (3). In this way, the tip (33) taps the distal broken bone (B) such that the first male thread (31) of the shaft (3) engages the hole of the distal broken bone (B) and is fixed to the distal side. Bone (B). While the bone nail passes through the hole of the proximal broken bone (A) and the distal broken bone (B), the third male thread (43) of the sleeve (4) engages the hole of the proximal broken bone (A) and is fixed. The proximal bone is broken (A) such that the sleeve (4) is inserted into the proximal broken bone (A) and the head (5) is abutted against a surface of the proximal broken bone (A). The female thread (42) of the sleeve (4) is a second male thread (32) of the engaging rod body (3) such that the sleeve (4) is looped to the second end of the rod body (3) through The structural relationship connects the proximal broken bone (A) and the distal broken bone (B).

As shown in Fig. 5, in order to allow the proximal broken bone (A) and the distal broken bone (B) to relatively move, the proximal broken bone (A) and the distal broken bone (B) are provided for reduction and compression. To rotate the head (5) by aligning another screwdriver with the locking hole (51) of the head (5). Since the head (5) is integrally formed on the sleeve (4), and the head (5) is abutted against the surface of the proximal broken bone (A), when the head (5) is rotated, the sleeve ( 4) Restricted rotation in place. As a result, the second male thread (32) of the rod (3) moves along the female thread (42) of the sleeve (4), so that a relative displacement is formed between the rod (3) and the sleeve (4), so that The proximal broken bone (A) and the distal broken bone (B) move relatively.

Please refer to Fig. 6, which illustrates another use of the nail of this preferred embodiment for fracture surgery. A bone plate (6) is placed against the surface of the proximal broken bone (A) before the nail passes through the hole of the proximal broken bone (A) and the distal broken bone (B). Then, the bone nail sequentially passes through the hole of the bone plate (6) and the proximal broken bone (A) and the distal broken bone (B), so that the fourth male screw hole (52) of the head (5) is screwed. On the bone plate (6). Moreover, the bone plate (6) is also screwed with a plurality of bone nails for fixing to other broken bones, and the combination of all the bone nails and the bone plate (6) provides the proximal broken bone (A) and far. Lateral broken bone (B) and other broken bone support.

In summary, the preferred embodiment is such that the proximal broken bone (A) and the distal broken bone (B) are relatively moved through the structure, thereby providing proximal bone fracture (A) and distal bone fracture (B) reduction and Pressurized function.

Although the present invention has been disclosed in its preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the invention, and the invention may be modified by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The scope of the present invention is intended to be in accordance with the scope of the appended claims.

<Related case>

(1) ‧‧‧ intramedullary nails

(11)‧‧‧First joint end

(12)‧‧‧Second joint end

(13, 14) ‧ ‧ external thread

(2) ‧‧‧ bone nails

(21)‧‧‧Longitudinal axis

(22)‧‧‧ Near end

(23)‧‧‧ distal end

(24)‧‧‧ proximal thread

(25)‧‧‧ distal thread

<Preferred Embodiment of the Invention>

(3) ‧ ‧ rod body

(31)‧‧‧First male thread

(32)‧‧‧Second male thread

(33) ‧‧‧ cutting-edge

(34) ‧‧‧ card slot

(4) ‧ ‧ sleeve

(41)‧‧‧through holes

(42)‧‧‧Female thread

(43) ‧‧‧ third male thread

(5) ‧ ‧ head

(51)‧‧‧Card holes

(52) ‧ ‧ fourth male thread

(6)‧‧‧ bone plate

(A)‧‧‧ proximal broken bone

(B) ‧‧‧ distal broken bone

Figure 1 is a perspective view of a nail of an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the nail of Fig. 1 taken along the line L-L.

Fig. 3A is a schematic view showing the operation of the nail of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3B is a schematic view showing another operation of the nail of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view showing the use of a nail for a fracture operation according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view showing another use of a nail for use in a fracture surgery according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view showing still another use of a nail for a fracture operation according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 7 is a perspective view of the related prior case disclosed in the Republic of China Patent Publication No. 200924702.

Figure 8 is a perspective view of a related prior matter disclosed in U.S. Patent Publication No. 2008/0234763.

(3) ‧ ‧ rod body

(31)‧‧‧First male thread

(32)‧‧‧Second male thread

(33) ‧‧‧ cutting-edge

(34) ‧‧‧ card slot

(41)‧‧‧through holes

(42)‧‧‧Female thread

(43) ‧‧‧ third male thread

(5) ‧ ‧ head

(51)‧‧‧Card holes

(52) ‧ ‧ fourth male thread

Claims (7)

A bone nail includes: a rod body respectively formed with a first male thread and a second male thread at opposite ends of the rod body, wherein the first male thread is fixed to a distal broken bone a sleeve for inserting into a proximal broken bone, and the sleeve has a through hole, and an inner wall of one side of the through hole is provided with a female thread that engages a second male thread of the rod body, so that the sleeve ring The rod body is provided with an end portion of the second male thread for connecting the proximal broken bone and the distal broken bone; and a head integrally formed on the other side of the through hole adjacent to the sleeve The outer wall is configured to abut against a surface of the proximal broken bone, and the head defines a locking hole, the locking hole communicates with the through hole of the sleeve, and the locking hole has a resisting means for Preventing the rod from protruding from the engaging hole to the head; thereby, when the head rotates, a relative displacement is formed between the rod and the sleeve, so that the proximal broken bone and the distal side The broken bone moves relatively. The bone nail of claim 1, wherein the rod body further has a tip end extending outward from an end portion of the first male thread. The bone nail of claim 1, wherein the snap hole has a radial cross-sectional area that is smaller than a minimum radial cross-sectional area of the second male thread to provide the resisting means. The nail according to claim 1, wherein the rod body further comprises a clamping groove, the clamping groove is disposed at an end of the second male thread and is connected to the head. hole. The nail according to claim 4, wherein the radial cross-sectional area of the locking hole of the head is greater than the radial cross-sectional area of the clamping groove of the rod. The nail according to claim 1, wherein the sleeve is further provided with a third male thread. The third male thread is disposed on an outer wall of the side on which the female thread is disposed for fixing to the proximal broken bone. The bone nail of claim 1, wherein the head is further provided with a fourth male thread for screwing to a bone plate.