TWI483761B - Manufacturing method of stainless steel golf head - Google Patents
Manufacturing method of stainless steel golf head Download PDFInfo
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- TWI483761B TWI483761B TW102135378A TW102135378A TWI483761B TW I483761 B TWI483761 B TW I483761B TW 102135378 A TW102135378 A TW 102135378A TW 102135378 A TW102135378 A TW 102135378A TW I483761 B TWI483761 B TW I483761B
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Description
本發明是關於一種高爾夫球桿頭的製造方法,特別是精密鑄造一種不鏽鋼高爾夫球桿頭的製造方法。The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a golf club head, and more particularly to a method of manufacturing a stainless steel golf club head.
一般而言,高爾夫球桿可分為木桿、鐵桿及推桿三大類,目前常用於木桿頭與鐵桿頭的材料,多以不鏽鋼材質為主。另一方面,高爾夫球桿頭多以精密鑄造方式製成,而目前的精密鑄造大多於大氣中進行,藉由高週波感應熔解爐(High Frequency Induction Furnace)快速地將鑄材熔融,經造渣、除氣等精煉步驟,以去除熔融金屬液中的雜渣與氣體,再搭配靜態重力澆鑄,惟該鑄造方法具有以下缺點:Generally speaking, golf clubs can be divided into three categories: wood poles, irons and putters. Currently, they are commonly used for wood heads and iron heads, mostly made of stainless steel. On the other hand, golf club heads are mostly made by precision casting, and most of the current precision castings are carried out in the atmosphere. The high-frequency induction melting furnace (High Frequency Induction Furnace) quickly melts the cast material and slag-forming. The refining step such as degassing removes the slag and gas in the molten metal solution, and then mixes it with static gravity, but the casting method has the following disadvantages:
(一)、由於熔煉的鑄材係採配料方式進行,依據欲生產之不鏽鋼合金計算出各種合金元素的添加量以合理搭配原材料,但各種合金元素與大氣中氧氣或氮氣的反應性不一,因此需針對鑄材之各合金元素調整加入的次序與時間,使操作的困難度提升。此外,若鑄材中含有熔點較低的合金元素(例如:鋁、錳、矽等)時,則易於熔煉金屬液的過程中產生噴濺而造成鑄材之損失。(1) Since the smelting of the cast material is carried out by means of batching, the amount of various alloying elements is calculated according to the stainless steel alloy to be produced to reasonably match the raw materials, but the reactivity of various alloying elements with atmospheric oxygen or nitrogen is different. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the order and time of addition for each alloying element of the cast material, so that the difficulty of operation is improved. Further, when the cast material contains an alloying element having a low melting point (for example, aluminum, manganese, ruthenium, etc.), it is easy to cause splashing during the process of melting the molten metal, resulting in loss of the cast material.
(二)、配好的鑄材熔融後,需進行造渣之精煉步驟,以收集不鏽鋼金屬液中的雜渣,但造渣的過程通常會損失熔煉鑄材總量2~3%的金屬量,且造渣步驟需要額外耗費能源,亦將提升鑄造成本。(2) After the molten casting material is melted, the refining step of slagging is required to collect the slag in the stainless steel metal liquid, but the slag forming process usually loses 2 to 3% of the total amount of smelting casting material. And the slagging step requires additional energy and will also increase the cost of casting.
(三)、熔融之不鏽鋼金屬液於澆鑄前,尚需使用脫氧劑對進 行脫氧之除氣步驟,而脫氧的效果會直接影響合金的性質,脫氧不足時高爾夫球桿頭鑄件將具有針孔,脫氧過度則可能會在高爾夫球桿頭鑄件中產生非金屬雜質。(3) The molten stainless steel metal liquid needs to be treated with deoxidizer before casting. Degassing degassing step, and the effect of deoxidation will directly affect the properties of the alloy. When the deoxidation is insufficient, the golf club head casting will have pinholes, and excessive deoxidation may produce non-metallic impurities in the golf club head casting.
(四)、採用重力澆鑄,故需有額外的材料來維持壓湯效應,以增加高爾夫球桿頭鑄件之成型性,避免壓湯效果不足而導致成型不良;但卻因此需準備額外的材料並耗費能源熔融之,從而形成鑄造成本難以下降的要因之一。(4) Gravity casting, so additional materials are needed to maintain the soup-pressing effect, so as to increase the formability of the golf club head castings, and avoid the insufficient molding effect, resulting in poor molding; however, it is necessary to prepare additional materials and It takes a lot of energy to melt, which is one of the factors that make it difficult to reduce the cost of casting.
(五)、在澆鑄的過程中,若澆鑄動作控制不當,熔融的不鏽鋼金屬液將會產生從澆口杯溢出或飛濺的情況,造成鑄材的浪費。(5) In the process of casting, if the casting action is improperly controlled, the molten stainless steel metal liquid will overflow or splash from the pouring cup, resulting in waste of the casting material.
(六)、完成澆鑄後,熔融的不鏽鋼金屬液將於冷卻凝固後形成包含澆口杯部、流道部及鑄件部等三大部分的鑄物,而其中只有鑄件部屬於鑄造成品,其餘均為鑄造廢料,因此鑄件之步留率(yield,其定義為:鑄造成品的總重量/鑄造成品和鑄造廢料的總重量)具有難以提升的問題。(6) After the casting is completed, the molten stainless steel metal liquid will form a cast containing three parts, including the pouring cup part, the flow path part and the casting part, after cooling and solidification, and only the casting part belongs to the foundry product, and the rest are For casting waste, the yield of the casting (yield, which is defined as: the total weight of the cast finished product / the total weight of the cast finished product and the foundry waste) has a problem that it is difficult to increase.
基於上述原因,習知以重力澆鑄精密鑄造高爾夫球桿頭的方法實有加以改善的必要。For the above reasons, it is conventionally necessary to improve the method of casting a precision cast golf club head by gravity.
本發明以下所述之「步留率」定義為:鑄造成品的總重量/鑄造成品和鑄造廢料的總重量x 100%;即,步留率越高,鑄造成品在鑄物中所佔的比例就越高,相對減少鑄造廢料,從而提升鑄材之有效使用率,有助降低鑄造成本。The "step retention rate" described below in the present invention is defined as: the total weight of the cast finished product / the total weight of the cast finished product and the foundry scrap x 100%; that is, the higher the step retention rate, the proportion of the cast finished product in the cast product The higher the relative reduction in foundry waste, thereby increasing the effective use of the cast material, and helping to reduce the cost of casting.
本發明以下所述之「重量耗損率」定義為:(鑄材的總重量-鑄物的總重量)/鑄材的總重量x 100%;即,重量耗損率越低,鑄材轉換成鑄物之比例就越高,相對減少鑄材在鑄造過程中的損失量,從而提升鑄材之有效使用率,有助降低鑄造成本。The "weight loss rate" described below in the present invention is defined as: (total weight of the cast material - total weight of the cast) / total weight of the cast material x 100%; that is, the lower the weight loss rate, the cast material is converted into cast The higher the proportion of the material, the relatively reduced amount of loss of the cast material in the casting process, thereby increasing the effective use rate of the cast material, and helping to reduce the casting cost.
本發明之目的係提供一種不鏽鋼高爾夫球桿頭的製造方法, 可大幅提高鑄物的步留率,及降低鑄材的重量耗損率,以降低鑄造成本。The object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a stainless steel golf club head. It can greatly improve the retention rate of the casting and reduce the weight loss rate of the casting material to reduce the casting cost.
本發明之次一目的係提供一種不鏽鋼高爾夫球桿頭的製造方法,可減少鑄材於熔煉過程中與大氣的化學反應,以提升鑄件的良率與品質。A second object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a stainless steel golf club head which can reduce the chemical reaction of the cast material with the atmosphere during the smelting process to improve the yield and quality of the cast.
本發明之又一目的係提供一種不鏽鋼高爾夫球桿頭的製造方法,可簡化鑄材的配料步驟,以提升操作便利性及避免熔融之鑄材噴濺。Still another object of the present invention is to provide a method of manufacturing a stainless steel golf club head that simplifies the compounding step of the casting material to improve handling convenience and to avoid splashing of the molten casting material.
本發明之再一目的係提供一種不鏽鋼高爾夫球桿頭的製造方法,可免除造渣、除氣及壓湯等步驟,以簡化製程及降低鑄造成本。Still another object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a stainless steel golf club head, which can eliminate steps such as slagging, degassing and pressing, to simplify the process and reduce the casting cost.
為達到前述目的,本發明所運用之技術內容包含有:一種不鏽鋼高爾夫球桿頭的製造方法,包含:將一殼模定位放置於一旋轉平台,該殼模包含相連通的一坩堝部及一模穴部,且該旋轉平台連接於一可軸向旋轉的轉軸;將至少一金屬錠放置於該殼模的坩堝部,並於真空環境下將該金屬錠加熱熔融成不鏽鋼金屬液;驅動該轉軸以連動該旋轉平台轉動,使熔融的不鏽鋼金屬液流入該殼模的模穴部中;緩速停止該轉軸,並取下該澆鑄完成的殼模;破壞該殼模以取得一鑄物,該鑄物相較於該金屬錠的重量耗損率小於5%,該鑄物包含有一鑄件部,該鑄件部佔該鑄物總重量的65~85%;將該鑄件部從該鑄物上分離,以得到至少一不鏽鋼高爾夫球桿頭;其中,該殼模的成型步驟包含:準備一蠟胚,該蠟胚包含一坩堝胚及一鑄物胚,該坩堝胚的環周面設有一第一連接部,該鑄物胚設有一第二連接部,該第一連接部與該第二連接部相對連接成一體;於該蠟胚的表面形成一包覆層;對該蠟胚及包覆層加熱,以將蠟熔出;將該脫蠟完成的包覆層以高溫燒結而形成該殼模,並使該殼模具有一體相連之坩堝部與模穴部。In order to achieve the foregoing objective, the technical content of the present invention includes: a method for manufacturing a stainless steel golf club head, comprising: positioning a shell mold on a rotating platform, the shell mold comprising a connecting portion and a connecting portion a cavity portion, wherein the rotating platform is coupled to an axially rotatable rotating shaft; at least one metal ingot is placed on the crotch portion of the shell mold, and the ingot is heated and melted into a stainless steel molten metal in a vacuum environment; The rotating shaft rotates in conjunction with the rotating platform to cause the molten stainless steel molten metal to flow into the cavity portion of the shell mold; the rotating shaft is slowly stopped, and the cast-completed shell mold is removed; and the shell mold is broken to obtain a casting. The casting has a weight loss rate of less than 5% compared to the ingot, the casting comprises a casting portion, the casting portion occupies 65-85% of the total weight of the casting; the casting portion is separated from the casting Obtaining at least one stainless steel golf club head; wherein the molding step of the shell mold comprises: preparing a wax embryo, the wax embryo comprising a embryo and a casting embryo, the first circumferential surface of the embryo is provided with a first Connection The casting embryo is provided with a second connecting portion, and the first connecting portion is integrally connected with the second connecting portion; a coating layer is formed on the surface of the wax embryo; and the wax embryo and the coating layer are heated to The wax is melted; the dewaxed cladding layer is sintered at a high temperature to form the shell mold, and the shell mold has integrally joined crotch portions and cavity portions.
其中,該金屬錠的數量可以為單一個,該金屬錠為不鏽鋼合金,且該金屬錠的成分組合與所欲製成之不鏽鋼高爾夫球桿頭的成分組合 一致。Wherein, the number of the metal ingots may be a single one, the metal ingot is a stainless steel alloy, and the composition combination of the metal ingot is combined with the composition of the stainless steel golf club head to be made. Consistent.
或者,該金屬錠的數量可以為數個,該數個金屬錠熔融後的不鏽鋼金屬液的成分組合與所欲製成之不鏽鋼高爾夫球桿頭的成分組合一致。Alternatively, the number of the metal ingots may be several, and the composition combination of the molten stainless steel metal liquids of the plurality of metal ingots is identical to the composition of the stainless steel golf club head to be produced.
其中,該蠟胚的坩堝胚呈圓柱狀,該坩堝胚具有相對的一上端面及一下端面,該上端面與下端面之間連接有一環周面,該環周面的徑寬可以從該下端面向該上端面漸擴,使該環周面呈傾斜並與該坩堝胚的軸向形成一拔模角,該拔模角為3~15度。The embryo of the wax embryo has a cylindrical shape, and the embryo has an upper end surface and a lower end surface. A circumferential surface is connected between the upper end surface and the lower end surface, and the circumferential width of the circumferential surface can be from the lower end. The upper end surface is gradually expanded so that the circumferential surface of the ring is inclined and forms a draft angle with the axial direction of the embryo, and the draft angle is 3 to 15 degrees.
或者,該蠟胚的坩堝胚呈圓柱狀,該坩堝胚具有相對的一上端面及一下端面,該上端面與下端面之間連接有一環周面,該坩堝胚可以另設有一斜面,該斜面連接於該坩堝胚的下端面與該第一連接部之間,該斜面與該坩堝胚的軸向形成一傾斜角,該傾斜角為3~15度。Alternatively, the embryo of the wax embryo has a cylindrical shape, and the embryo has an upper end surface and a lower end surface, and a circumferential surface is connected between the upper end surface and the lower end surface, and the embryo may be additionally provided with a slope, the slope Connected between the lower end surface of the embryo and the first connecting portion, the inclined surface forms an oblique angle with the axial direction of the embryo, and the inclination angle is 3 to 15 degrees.
其中,該殼模的面層材料可以為矽酸鋯、氧化釔、安定氧化鋯或氧化鋁。Wherein, the surface layer material of the shell mold may be zirconium silicate, cerium oxide, diazepam or alumina.
其中,該殼模的背層材料可以為莫來石混合物,其三氧化二鋁的含量為45%~60%,二氧化矽的含量為55%~40%。The back layer material of the shell mold may be a mullite mixture, the content of the aluminum oxide is 45% to 60%, and the content of the cerium oxide is 55% to 40%.
或者,該殼模的背層材料可以為二氧化矽混合物,其二氧化矽的含量達95%以上。Alternatively, the backing layer material of the shell mold may be a cerium oxide mixture having a cerium oxide content of 95% or more.
據此,本發明的不鏽鋼高爾夫球桿頭的製造方法,可大幅提高鑄件的步留率,及降低鑄材的重量耗損率,並可減少鑄材於熔煉過程中與大氣的化學反應,以提升鑄件的良率與品質;此外,本發明更可簡化鑄材的配料步驟,以提升操作便利性及避免鑄材噴濺,及免除造渣、除氣及壓湯等步驟,以簡化製程及降低鑄造成本。Accordingly, the method for manufacturing the stainless steel golf club head of the present invention can greatly improve the retention rate of the casting, reduce the weight loss rate of the casting material, and reduce the chemical reaction of the casting material with the atmosphere during the smelting process, thereby improving The yield and quality of the casting; in addition, the invention can simplify the compounding step of the casting material, thereby improving the convenience of operation and avoiding splashing of the casting material, and eliminating steps such as slagging, degassing and pressing, to simplify the process and reduce the process. Casting costs.
1‧‧‧真空爐1‧‧‧vacuum furnace
11‧‧‧容室11‧‧ ‧ room
12‧‧‧導氣管12‧‧‧ Airway tube
13‧‧‧開口13‧‧‧ openings
14‧‧‧蓋體14‧‧‧ Cover
2‧‧‧轉軸2‧‧‧ shaft
21‧‧‧本體21‧‧‧ body
22‧‧‧止轉部22‧‧‧Turning
23‧‧‧抵靠部23‧‧‧Abutment
3‧‧‧旋轉平台3‧‧‧Rotating platform
31‧‧‧軸接部31‧‧‧Axis joint
311‧‧‧穿孔311‧‧‧Perforation
32‧‧‧定位部32‧‧‧ Positioning Department
32a‧‧‧坩堝定位部32a‧‧‧坩埚Location Department
32b‧‧‧模穴定位部32b‧‧‧Acupoint Positioning Department
321‧‧‧穿置孔321‧‧‧With holes
322‧‧‧容槽322‧‧‧ 容容
4‧‧‧殼模4‧‧‧Shell mold
41‧‧‧坩堝部41‧‧‧坩埚
411‧‧‧容置空間411‧‧‧ accommodating space
412‧‧‧第一連接管412‧‧‧First connecting tube
413‧‧‧環唇413‧‧‧ ring lip
42‧‧‧模穴部42‧‧‧Move
421‧‧‧模穴421‧‧‧ cavity
422‧‧‧第二連接管422‧‧‧Second connection tube
5‧‧‧加熱器5‧‧‧heater
6‧‧‧蠟胚6‧‧‧Wax embryo
61、61’‧‧‧坩堝胚61, 61' ‧ ‧ embryo
61a、61a’‧‧‧上端面61a, 61a’‧‧‧ upper end
61b、61b’‧‧‧下端面61b, 61b’‧‧‧ lower end
61c、61c’‧‧‧環周面61c, 61c’‧‧‧ circumferential surface
611‧‧‧第一連接部611‧‧‧First connection
612‧‧‧斜面612‧‧‧Slope
62‧‧‧鑄物胚62‧‧‧ casting embryo
621‧‧‧第二連接部621‧‧‧Second connection
7‧‧‧包覆層7‧‧‧Cladding
8‧‧‧套環8‧‧‧ collar
M‧‧‧馬達M‧‧ motor
B‧‧‧軸承B‧‧‧ bearing
L‧‧‧升降控制器L‧‧‧ Lifting controller
P‧‧‧金屬錠P‧‧‧metal ingots
N‧‧‧不鏽鋼金屬液N‧‧‧Stainless steel liquid
A‧‧‧軸A‧‧‧ axis
θ‧‧‧拔模角Θ‧‧‧ draft angle
α‧‧‧傾斜角‧‧‧‧Tilt angle
第1圖:本發明搭配使用之真空離心鑄造裝置的結構示意圖。Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a vacuum centrifugal casting apparatus used in conjunction with the present invention.
第2圖:本發明搭配使用之真空離心鑄造裝置的局部立體分解圖。Fig. 2 is a partial perspective exploded view of the vacuum centrifugal casting apparatus used in conjunction with the present invention.
第3圖:本發明的實施示意圖(一)。Figure 3: Schematic diagram (I) of the implementation of the present invention.
第4圖:本發明搭配使用之真空離心鑄造裝置的殼模成型流程示意圖。Fig. 4 is a schematic view showing the molding process of the shell mold of the vacuum centrifugal casting apparatus used in the present invention.
第5圖:本發明用以成型殼模之臘胚的一坩堝胚的立體示意圖。Fig. 5 is a perspective view showing an embryo of the invention for forming a shell mold.
第6圖:第5圖之坩堝胚的側剖示意圖。Fig. 6 is a side cross-sectional view showing the embryo of Fig. 5.
第7圖:本發明用以成型殼模之臘胚的另一坩堝胚的立體示意圖。Figure 7 is a perspective view of another embryo of the present invention for forming a shell mold.
第8圖:第7圖之坩堝胚的側剖示意圖。Fig. 8 is a side cross-sectional view showing the embryo of Fig. 7.
第9圖:本發明的實施示意圖(二)。Figure 9: Schematic diagram of the implementation of the present invention (2).
第10圖:本發明的實施示意圖(三)。Figure 10: Schematic diagram (3) of the implementation of the present invention.
第11圖:本發明搭配使用之另一真空離心鑄造裝置的結構示意圖。Figure 11 is a schematic view showing the structure of another vacuum centrifugal casting apparatus used in conjunction with the present invention.
為讓本發明之上述及其他目的、特徵及優點能更明顯易懂,下文特舉本發明之較佳實施例,並配合所附圖式,作詳細說明如下:The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more <RTIgt;
請參閱第1圖,其係本發明之不鏽鋼高爾夫球桿頭的製造方法所搭配使用之一真空離心鑄造裝置。其中,該真空離心鑄造裝置包含一真空爐1、一轉軸2、一旋轉平台3、一殼模4及一加熱器5;該轉軸2、旋轉平台3、殼模4及加熱器5均設於該真空爐1中,該旋轉平台3連接該轉軸2以與該轉軸2同步旋轉,該殼模4定位放置於該旋轉平台3,該加熱器5則用以對該殼模4加熱。Please refer to Fig. 1, which is a vacuum centrifugal casting apparatus used in the method for manufacturing a stainless steel golf club head according to the present invention. Wherein, the vacuum centrifugal casting device comprises a vacuum furnace 1, a rotating shaft 2, a rotating platform 3, a shell mold 4 and a heater 5; the rotating shaft 2, the rotating platform 3, the shell mold 4 and the heater 5 are all disposed at In the vacuum furnace 1, the rotating platform 3 is coupled to the rotating shaft 2 for synchronous rotation with the rotating shaft 2. The shell mold 4 is positioned and placed on the rotating platform 3, and the heater 5 is used to heat the shell mold 4.
更詳言之,上述真空爐1的內部具有一容室11,該真空爐1可設有一導氣管12,該導氣管12與該容室11相連通,一真空控制器(圖未繪示)可依據設定值,透過該導氣管12而向該容室11抽氣,以控制該 容室11的真空度。另,該真空爐1還可設有一開口13,以供使用者向該容室11置入或取出物品,及設有一蓋體14以啟閉該開口13。More specifically, the inside of the vacuum furnace 1 has a chamber 11 , and the vacuum furnace 1 can be provided with an air duct 12 , the air tube 12 is connected to the chamber 11 , and a vacuum controller (not shown) The chamber 11 can be evacuated through the air duct 12 according to a set value to control the The degree of vacuum of the chamber 11. In addition, the vacuum furnace 1 may further be provided with an opening 13 for the user to insert or remove the article into the chamber 11, and a cover 14 is provided to open and close the opening 13.
請參閱第1、2圖,上述轉軸2係可軸向轉動地設於該真空爐1的容室11中;在本實施例中,該轉軸2可與一馬達M的輸出端相連,以由該馬達M驅動旋轉。又,該馬達M可以選擇設於該真空爐1的外部,該轉軸2的一端穿伸出該真空爐1以連接該馬達M;該轉軸2可穿置於一軸承B中,該軸承B可連接定位於該真空爐1,以輔助提升該轉軸2的旋轉穩定性,防止該轉軸2轉動時產生偏擺的情況。Referring to Figures 1 and 2, the shaft 2 is axially rotatably disposed in the chamber 11 of the vacuum furnace 1; in the present embodiment, the shaft 2 is connectable to the output of a motor M. The motor M drives the rotation. Moreover, the motor M can be selectively disposed outside the vacuum furnace 1, and one end of the rotating shaft 2 extends out of the vacuum furnace 1 to connect the motor M; the rotating shaft 2 can be placed in a bearing B, and the bearing B can be The connection is positioned in the vacuum furnace 1 to assist in improving the rotational stability of the rotating shaft 2, and preventing the yaw from occurring when the rotating shaft 2 rotates.
此外,該轉軸2位於該容室11中的部分可分為一本體21及一止轉部22,該本體21與止轉部22的徑向截面形狀不同,以於二者交界處形成一抵靠部23,以供該旋轉平台3結合於該止轉部22並抵接於該抵靠部23,使該旋轉平台3能隨該轉軸2產生同步旋轉;在本實施例中,該本體21的徑向截面可以呈圓形態樣,該止轉部22可以設於該轉軸2的端部,該止轉部22的徑向截面則呈非圓形態樣,以供該旋轉平台3套接結合於該止轉部22並抵接於該抵靠部23。In addition, the portion of the rotating shaft 2 located in the chamber 11 can be divided into a body 21 and a rotation preventing portion 22, and the radial cross-sectional shape of the body 21 and the rotation preventing portion 22 are different to form an offset at the boundary between the two. a portion 23 for the rotating platform 3 to be coupled to the abutting portion 22 and abutting against the abutting portion 23, so that the rotating platform 3 can rotate synchronously with the rotating shaft 2; in the embodiment, the body 21 The radial section may be in the form of a circle. The rotation stop 22 may be disposed at the end of the rotating shaft 2, and the radial section of the rotation stop 22 is in a non-circular shape for the sleeve 3 to be coupled. The rotation stop portion 22 abuts against the abutment portion 23.
請參閱第2、3圖,上述旋轉平台3係用以供上述殼模4定位放置的載具,該旋轉平台3設有相連接的一軸接部31及一定位部32;在本實施例中,該軸接部31可設有一穿孔311,該穿孔311的徑向截面形態較佳與該轉軸2的止轉部22的徑向截面形態相匹配,以供該旋轉平台3透過該軸接部31的穿孔311套合連接該轉軸2的止轉部22。該旋轉平台3的定位部32可以概分為一坩堝定位部32a及一模穴定位部32b,該坩堝定位部32a位於該軸接部31與該模穴定位部32b之間,且該軸接部31、坩堝定位部32a及模穴定位部32b係依該轉軸2的徑向延伸排列;又,該坩堝定位部32a可設有一穿置孔321,以供該殼模4的一部分穿伸於其中,該模穴定位部32b則可設有一容槽322,以容置該殼模4的另外一部分。Referring to FIGS. 2 and 3, the rotating platform 3 is a carrier for positioning the shell mold 4, and the rotating platform 3 is provided with a connecting portion 31 and a positioning portion 32; in this embodiment, The shaft portion 31 can be provided with a through hole 311. The radial cross-sectional shape of the through hole 311 is matched with the radial cross-sectional shape of the rotation preventing portion 22 of the rotating shaft 2 for the rotating platform 3 to pass through the shaft portion. The through hole 311 of the sleeve 31 is connected to the rotation preventing portion 22 of the rotating shaft 2. The positioning portion 32 of the rotating platform 3 can be roughly divided into a positioning portion 32a and a cavity positioning portion 32b. The positioning portion 32a is located between the shaft portion 31 and the cavity positioning portion 32b, and the shaft is connected. The portion 31, the positioning portion 32a and the cavity positioning portion 32b are arranged according to the radial extension of the rotating shaft 2; further, the positioning portion 32a can be provided with a through hole 321 for a part of the shell mold 4 to extend through The cavity positioning portion 32b can be provided with a cavity 322 for accommodating another part of the shell mold 4.
請參閱第2、3圖,上述殼模4具有相連通的一坩堝部41及一模穴部42,該殼模4的坩堝部41可定位放置於該旋轉平台3的坩堝定位部32a,該殼模4的模穴部42則可定位放置於該旋轉平台3的模穴定位部32b,使該殼模4的坩堝部41較模穴部42更鄰近於該旋轉平台3的軸接部31。Referring to FIGS. 2 and 3, the shell mold 4 has a crotch portion 41 and a cavity portion 42. The crotch portion 41 of the shell mold 4 can be positioned and placed on the crucible positioning portion 32a of the rotating platform 3. The cavity portion 42 of the shell mold 4 is then positionable on the cavity positioning portion 32b of the rotary table 3 such that the crotch portion 41 of the shell mold 4 is closer to the shaft portion 31 of the rotary table 3 than the cavity portion 42. .
其中,該坩堝部41可概呈杯狀而於內部形成一容置空間411,該容置空間411可用以容置欲加熱熔融的金屬錠,該坩堝部41的環周面另設有一第一連接管412,該第一連接管412連通該容置空間411。該模穴部42是用以成型高爾夫球桿頭的部位,該模穴部42的外型不特別限制,該模穴部42的內部具有至少一模穴421,該模穴421的形態與所欲鑄造成型的高爾夫球桿頭相匹配;該模穴部42另設有一第二連接管422,該第二連接管422連通該模穴421,且該坩堝部41與模穴部42由該第一連接管412及第二連接管422相對接,使該容置空間411得以與該模穴421相連通。The sill portion 41 can be formed in a cup shape to form an accommodating space 411 therein. The accommodating space 411 can be used to receive a molten metal ingot, and the ring portion 41 has a first circumferential surface. The connecting tube 412 is connected to the accommodating space 411. The cavity portion 42 is a portion for molding a golf club head. The shape of the cavity portion 42 is not particularly limited, and the inside of the cavity portion 42 has at least one cavity 421, and the shape and shape of the cavity 421 The golf club head to be cast is matched; the cavity portion 42 is further provided with a second connecting pipe 422, the second connecting pipe 422 is connected to the cavity 421, and the crotch portion 41 and the cavity portion 42 are A connecting tube 412 and a second connecting tube 422 are opposite to each other, so that the accommodating space 411 is in communication with the cavity 421.
請參閱第4圖,在本實施例中,該殼模4的坩堝部41與模穴部42可以呈一體相連的形態,該殼模4的成型步驟為:準備一蠟胚6,該蠟胚6包含一坩堝胚61及一鑄物胚62,該坩堝胚61的環周面設有一第一連接部611,該鑄物胚62則設有一第二連接部621,該坩堝胚61與鑄物胚62由該第一連接部611及第二連接部621相對連接成一體。對該蠟胚6進行沾漿、淋砂或黏砂等流程,於該蠟胚6的表面形成一包覆層7。對該蠟胚6及包覆層7加熱,以將蠟熔出;舉例而言,可將該蠟胚6與包覆層7一併置入一蒸氣釜內加熱,使該蠟胚6熔化以便從該包覆層7中排出。將該脫蠟完成的包覆層7以高溫燒結而形成所述殼模4,並使該殼模4具有一體相連之坩堝部41與模穴部42。其中,該殼模4的面層材料可選用矽酸鋯、氧化釔、安定氧化鋯或氧化鋁等耐火材料,該殼模4的背層材料則可選用莫來石(3Al2 O3 -2SiO2 )或二氧化矽作為耐火材料;又,當背層材料 選用莫來石混合物時,其三氧化二鋁的含量較佳為45%~60%,二氧化矽的含量較佳為55%~40%;當背層材料選用二氧化矽混合物時,其二氧化矽的含量較佳可達95%以上。Referring to FIG. 4, in the embodiment, the crotch portion 41 of the shell mold 4 and the cavity portion 42 may be integrally connected. The molding process of the shell mold 4 is: preparing a wax embryo 6, the wax embryo 6 includes an embryo 61 and a casting embryo 62. The circumferential surface of the embryo 61 is provided with a first connecting portion 611, and the casting embryo 62 is provided with a second connecting portion 621, the embryo 61 and the casting The embryo 62 is integrally connected to each other by the first connecting portion 611 and the second connecting portion 621. The wax blank 6 is subjected to a process such as dipping, sanding or grit, and a coating layer 7 is formed on the surface of the wax blank 6. The wax embryo 6 and the coating layer 7 are heated to melt the wax; for example, the wax embryo 6 and the coating layer 7 may be placed together in a steam autoclave to melt the wax embryo 6 to The coating layer 7 is discharged. The dewaxed cladding layer 7 is sintered at a high temperature to form the shell mold 4, and the shell mold 4 has an integrally joined crotch portion 41 and a cavity portion 42. Wherein, the surface layer material of the shell mold 4 may be selected from refractory materials such as zirconium silicate, cerium oxide, diazepam or alumina, and the back layer material of the shell mold 4 may be selected from mullite (3Al 2 O 3 -2SiO). 2 ) or cerium oxide as a refractory material; further, when the back layer material is a mixture of mullite, the content of the aluminum oxide is preferably 45% to 60%, and the content of cerium oxide is preferably 55%. 40%; when the back layer material is a mixture of cerium oxide, the content of cerium oxide is preferably more than 95%.
又,為於使用時提升金屬液從該殼模4的坩堝部41流入模穴部42的順暢度,該殼模4的坩堝部41較佳具有從底部向上漸擴內徑的傾斜狀環周壁,故該蠟胚6的坩堝胚61需設有對應的外型。舉例而言,請參閱第5、6圖,在本實施例中,該蠟胚6的坩堝胚61可概呈圓柱狀,該坩堝胚61具有相對的一上端面61a及一下端面61b,該上端面61a與下端面61b之間連接有一環周面61c,該環周面61c的徑寬從該下端面61b向該上端面61a漸擴,使該坩堝胚61的環周面61c呈傾斜並與該坩堝胚61的軸A向形成一拔模角θ,該拔模角θ約可為3~15度。或者,請參閱第7、8圖,在另一實施例中,該蠟胚6’的坩堝胚61’可概呈圓柱狀,該坩堝胚61’設有一斜面612,該斜面612連接於該坩堝胚61’的下端面61b’與該第一連接部611之間,該斜面612與該坩堝胚61’的軸A向形成一傾斜角α,該傾斜角α約可為3~15度。Further, in order to improve the smoothness of the molten metal flowing from the crotch portion 41 of the shell mold 4 into the cavity portion 42 during use, the crotch portion 41 of the shell mold 4 preferably has an inclined circumferential wall which gradually expands the inner diameter from the bottom portion. Therefore, the embryo 61 of the wax embryo 6 needs to have a corresponding appearance. For example, referring to FIGS. 5 and 6, in the embodiment, the embryo 61 of the wax embryo 6 can be substantially cylindrical, and the embryo 61 has an opposite upper end surface 61a and a lower end surface 61b. A circumferential surface 61c is formed between the end surface 61a and the lower end surface 61b. The diameter of the circumferential surface 61c is gradually expanded from the lower end surface 61b toward the upper end surface 61a, so that the circumferential surface 61c of the embryo 61 is inclined and The axis A of the embryo 61 forms a draft angle θ, and the draft angle θ can be about 3 to 15 degrees. Alternatively, please refer to FIGS. 7 and 8. In another embodiment, the embryo 61' of the wax embryo 6' may be substantially cylindrical, and the embryo 61' is provided with a slope 612, and the slope 612 is connected to the crucible. Between the lower end surface 61b' of the embryo 61' and the first connecting portion 611, the inclined surface 612 forms an oblique angle α with the axis A of the embryo 61', and the inclination angle α can be about 3 to 15 degrees.
請再參閱第1、3圖,上述加熱器5設於該真空爐1的容室11中,用以對該殼模4的坩堝部41加熱。在本實施例中,該加熱器5可選擇為一高週波線圈,並由一升降控制器L帶動該加熱器5在該容室11中移動;須加熱該殼模4的坩堝部41時,該加熱器5可被帶動上升至一預設位置,以環繞於該坩堝部41的外周,並啟動該加熱器5,使該坩堝部41被加熱升溫;加熱完畢後,該加熱器5則可以被該升降控制器L帶動下降,使該加熱器5不再環繞於該坩堝部41的外周,以免干擾該殼模4隨該旋轉平台3及該轉軸2之旋轉動作。Referring to FIGS. 1 and 3 again, the heater 5 is disposed in the chamber 11 of the vacuum furnace 1 for heating the crotch portion 41 of the shell mold 4. In this embodiment, the heater 5 can be selected as a high-frequency coil, and the heater 5 is moved by the lift controller L in the chamber 11; when the crotch portion 41 of the shell mold 4 is to be heated, The heater 5 can be driven up to a predetermined position to surround the outer circumference of the crotch portion 41, and the heater 5 is activated to heat the crotch portion 41. After the heating is completed, the heater 5 can be heated. The lift controller L is driven to descend so that the heater 5 no longer surrounds the outer circumference of the jaw portion 41 so as not to interfere with the rotation of the shell mold 4 with the rotating platform 3 and the rotating shaft 2.
據由前述結構,本發明可實施一種不鏽鋼高爾夫球桿頭的製造方法,該製造方法大致上包含以下步驟:According to the foregoing structure, the present invention can implement a method of manufacturing a stainless steel golf club head, which generally includes the following steps:
請參閱第1至3圖,將一殼模4定位放置於一旋轉平台3,且該旋轉平台3連接於一可軸向旋轉的轉軸2。更詳言之,該旋轉平台3可設於一真空爐1中,以便控制該殼模4所處空間的真空度;另,該殼模4包含相連通的一坩堝部41及一模穴部42,該殼模4可由該坩堝部41穿伸於該旋轉平台3的穿置孔321中,並由該坩堝部41的第一連接管412抵接於該旋轉平台3,該殼模4的模穴部42則可置放於該旋轉平台3的容槽322,使該殼模4能穩固定位於該旋轉平台3上的預設位置。以及,將至少一金屬錠P放置於該殼模4的坩堝部41中;當該金屬錠P的數量選擇為單一個時,該金屬錠P即為不鏽鋼合金,且該金屬錠P的成分組合與所欲製成之不鏽鋼高爾夫球桿頭的成分組合一致;當該金屬錠P的數量為數個時,該數個金屬錠P熔融後的不鏽鋼金屬液的成分組合與所欲製成之不鏽鋼高爾夫球桿頭的成分組合一致。Referring to Figures 1 to 3, a shell mold 4 is positioned and placed on a rotating platform 3, and the rotating platform 3 is coupled to an axially rotatable shaft 2. More specifically, the rotating platform 3 can be disposed in a vacuum furnace 1 to control the degree of vacuum of the space in which the shell mold 4 is located. In addition, the shell mold 4 includes a connecting portion 41 and a cavity portion. The shell mold 4 can be inserted into the through hole 321 of the rotating platform 3 by the dam portion 41, and the first connecting tube 412 of the dam portion 41 abuts against the rotating platform 3, and the shell mold 4 The cavity portion 42 can be placed on the cavity 322 of the rotating platform 3, so that the shell mold 4 can be stably fixed at a preset position on the rotating platform 3. And, at least one metal ingot P is placed in the crotch portion 41 of the shell mold 4; when the number of the metal ingots P is selected to be a single one, the metal ingot P is a stainless steel alloy, and the composition of the ingot P is It is consistent with the composition of the components of the stainless steel golf club head to be made; when the number of the metal ingots P is several, the composition of the stainless steel molten metal after melting of the plurality of metal ingots P and the desired stainless steel golf ball The composition of the club head is consistent.
請參閱第1、9圖,於真空環境下將該金屬錠P加熱熔融成不鏽鋼金屬液N。更詳言之,在該殼模4安置定位後,該加熱器5可被帶動上升至一預設位置,以環繞於該坩堝部41的外周;同時,該真空爐1的導氣管12可向該容室11抽氣,以控制該容室11的真空度。待真空度達到預設值(例如真空度小於0.3mbar)後,可啟動該加熱器5,使該殼模4的坩堝部41被加熱升溫,令該坩堝部41中的金屬錠P能熔融成不鏽鋼金屬液N;其中,該加熱器5作動時,其電源供應器的頻率可例如為4kHz~30kHz,功率為5kW~100kW。在金屬錠P都熔融成不鏽鋼金屬液N後,該加熱器5則停止作動,並快速地被帶動下降,使該加熱器5不再環繞於該坩堝部41的外周。Referring to Figures 1 and 9, the ingot P is heated and melted into a stainless steel molten metal N in a vacuum environment. More specifically, after the housing mold 4 is positioned, the heater 5 can be driven up to a predetermined position to surround the outer circumference of the jaw portion 41; meanwhile, the air duct 12 of the vacuum furnace 1 can be directed The chamber 11 is evacuated to control the degree of vacuum of the chamber 11. After the vacuum degree reaches a preset value (for example, the degree of vacuum is less than 0.3 mbar), the heater 5 can be activated to heat the crotch portion 41 of the shell mold 4 to melt the metal ingot P in the crotch portion 41. The stainless steel molten metal N; wherein, when the heater 5 is actuated, the frequency of the power supply can be, for example, 4 kHz to 30 kHz, and the power is 5 kW to 100 kW. After the metal ingot P is melted into the stainless steel molten metal N, the heater 5 stops operating and is rapidly driven down so that the heater 5 no longer surrounds the outer circumference of the crotch portion 41.
請參閱第1、10圖,驅動該轉軸2以連動該旋轉平台3轉動,使熔融的不鏽鋼金屬液N流入該殼模4的模穴部42中。更詳言之,該轉軸2可由該馬達M驅動以產生軸向旋轉,其轉速約為200rpm~700rpm, 該轉速可依據鑄件的厚度(即該模穴421的空間大小)進行調整;當該旋轉平台3受連動而以該轉軸2為軸心轉動時,在旋轉過程中,不鏽鋼金屬液N可受離心力作用而沿著該殼模4的坩堝部41的內側壁面,通過該殼模4的第一連接管412及第二連接管422,流入該模穴部42中以進行澆鑄的動作,進而填充該模穴421。澆鑄完成後,可緩速停止該轉軸2,並將該殼模4從該旋轉平台3上取下,續將該殼模4破壞以取得一鑄物,該鑄物相較於該金屬錠P的重量耗損率小於5%,即由該金屬錠P熔融而成之不鏽鋼金屬液N,在製程中因溢出、飛濺或殘留於該殼模4之坩堝部41內等因素所造成之鑄材耗損率極低;該鑄物包含有一鑄件部,且該鑄件部佔該鑄物總重量的65~85%;最後再將該鑄件部從該鑄物上分離(例如:以刀具切斷,或是利用震動斷裂使之分離),以得到屬於鑄造成品之至少一不鏽鋼高爾夫球桿頭。Referring to FIGS. 1 and 10, the rotating shaft 2 is driven to rotate the rotating platform 3 to cause the molten stainless steel molten metal N to flow into the cavity portion 42 of the shell mold 4. More specifically, the shaft 2 can be driven by the motor M to generate an axial rotation at a speed of about 200 rpm to 700 rpm. The rotation speed can be adjusted according to the thickness of the casting (that is, the space of the cavity 421); when the rotating platform 3 is interlocked and rotates with the rotating shaft 2 as an axis, the stainless steel molten metal N can be subjected to centrifugal force during the rotating process. Acting along the inner wall surface of the crotch portion 41 of the shell mold 4, through the first connecting tube 412 and the second connecting tube 422 of the shell mold 4, flowing into the cavity portion 42 to perform a casting operation, thereby filling the Cavity 421. After the casting is completed, the rotating shaft 2 can be stopped slowly, and the shell mold 4 is removed from the rotating platform 3, and the shell mold 4 is continuously broken to obtain a casting, which is compared with the metal ingot P. The weight loss rate is less than 5%, that is, the stainless steel metal liquid N which is melted by the metal ingot P, and the casting material is damaged due to factors such as overflow, splashing or remaining in the crotch portion 41 of the shell mold 4 during the process. The casting rate includes a casting portion, and the casting portion accounts for 65-85% of the total weight of the casting; finally, the casting portion is separated from the casting (for example, cutting with a cutter, or The vibration is broken to separate it to obtain at least one stainless steel golf club head belonging to the finished product.
是以,本發明之不鏽鋼高爾夫球桿頭的製造方法,可在熔融的不鏽鋼金屬液N再度凝固前,利用離心力將不鏽鋼金屬液N確實地澆灌填充入殼模4的模穴421,以避免發生部分不鏽鋼金屬液N在坩堝部41中凝固形成凝殼的狀況,同時也改善了習知製造方法在澆鑄時易產生不鏽鋼金屬液溢出或飛濺的情況,故能有效提高鑄材(即該金屬錠P)轉換成鑄物的比例,使大部分的鑄材都能被有效地使用,相對減少不必要的鑄材損失,令該鑄材的重量耗損率可控制在5%以下,避免浪費鑄材以降低鑄造成本。此外,相較於習知以重力澆鑄製成之鑄物,由本發明以真空離心鑄造製成之鑄物不僅少了澆口杯部,還可大量地縮減流道部的體積,使鑄造廢料的比例大幅下降,相對提升鑄造成品(即該鑄件部)相對於鑄造成品和鑄造廢料的總重量(即該鑄物的總重量)的比例,令該鑄物的步留率得以提升至65~85%,可減少鑄造廢料及提升鑄材之有效使用率,從而降低鑄造成本。Therefore, in the method for manufacturing the stainless steel golf club head of the present invention, the stainless steel molten metal N can be surely poured into the cavity 421 of the shell mold 4 by centrifugal force before the molten stainless steel molten metal N is solidified again to avoid occurrence. Part of the stainless steel molten metal N solidifies to form a crust in the crotch portion 41, and also improves the situation in which the conventional manufacturing method is prone to overflow or splash of stainless steel metal liquid during casting, so that the cast material can be effectively improved (ie, the metal ingot) P) Converting to the proportion of the casting, so that most of the casting materials can be effectively used, relatively reducing the unnecessary loss of casting materials, so that the weight loss rate of the casting material can be controlled below 5%, avoiding waste of casting materials To reduce the cost of casting. In addition, compared with the conventionally cast casting by gravity casting, the casting made by vacuum centrifugal casting of the present invention not only reduces the number of the pouring cup portion, but also can greatly reduce the volume of the flow path portion and make the casting waste. The proportion is greatly reduced, and the ratio of the finished product (ie, the casting part) relative to the total weight of the cast product and the foundry waste (ie the total weight of the casting) is relatively increased, so that the casting retention rate can be increased to 65-85. % can reduce casting costs by reducing foundry scrap and increasing the effective use of cast materials.
另,請參閱第11圖,在另一實施例中,本發明不鏽鋼高爾夫球桿頭的製造方法還可以搭配使用具有數個模穴421的殼模4,一次性地鑄造出數個不鏽鋼高爾夫球桿頭,以提升製造效率。In addition, referring to FIG. 11 , in another embodiment, the manufacturing method of the stainless steel golf club head of the present invention can also be combined with the shell mold 4 having a plurality of cavity 421 to cast a plurality of stainless steel golf balls at one time. The head is used to increase manufacturing efficiency.
綜上所述,本發明不鏽鋼高爾夫球桿頭的製造方法,可大幅提高鑄物的步留率,及降低鑄材的重量耗損率,以降低鑄造成本。In summary, the method for manufacturing the stainless steel golf club head of the present invention can greatly improve the retention rate of the casting and reduce the weight loss rate of the casting material to reduce the casting cost.
本發明不鏽鋼高爾夫球桿頭的製造方法,可在真空環境中熔煉不鏽鋼金屬液,減少鑄材於熔煉過程中與大氣的化學反應,避免不鏽鋼金屬液產生氧化反應,以提升鑄件的良率與品質。The manufacturing method of the stainless steel golf club head of the invention can melt the stainless steel metal liquid in a vacuum environment, reduce the chemical reaction of the casting material with the atmosphere during the smelting process, avoid the oxidation reaction of the stainless steel metal liquid, and improve the yield and quality of the casting. .
本發明不鏽鋼高爾夫球桿頭的製造方法,可直接在殼模中置入與所欲製成之不鏽鋼高爾夫球桿頭成分組合一致的金屬錠,再將金屬錠加熱至熔融,故可簡化鑄材的配料步驟,提升操作便利性,且金屬錠於熔融的過程中也不會產生噴濺而造成鑄材之損失。In the method for manufacturing the stainless steel golf club head of the present invention, the metal ingot which is combined with the composition of the stainless steel golf club head to be produced can be directly placed in the shell mold, and then the metal ingot is heated to be melted, thereby simplifying the casting material. The batching step improves the convenience of operation, and the metal ingot does not cause splashing during the melting process, thereby causing loss of the casting material.
本發明不鏽鋼高爾夫球桿頭的製造方法,可免除造渣、除氣及壓湯等步驟,不僅能簡化製程以提升鑄造效率,更可免除造渣步驟造成之鑄材損失,節省除氣步驟添加的脫氧劑及壓湯材料所造成的物料成本,以及節省進行造渣步驟與壓湯所需額外耗損之能源成本,從而具有降低整體鑄造成本的功效。The manufacturing method of the stainless steel golf club head of the invention can eliminate the steps of slag making, degassing and pressing soup, can not only simplify the process to improve the casting efficiency, but also can avoid the loss of the casting material caused by the slagging step, and save the degassing step. The cost of materials caused by the deoxidizer and the soup material, as well as the energy cost of the additional consumption of the slagging step and the pressure reduction, thereby reducing the overall casting cost.
雖然本發明已利用上述較佳實施例揭示,然其並非用以限定本發明,任何熟習此技藝者在不脫離本發明之精神和範圍之內,相對上述實施例進行各種更動與修改仍屬本發明所保護之技術範疇,因此本發明之保護範圍當視後附之申請專利範圍所界定者為準。While the invention has been described in connection with the preferred embodiments described above, it is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The technical scope of the invention is protected, and therefore the scope of the invention is defined by the scope of the appended claims.
2‧‧‧轉軸2‧‧‧ shaft
21‧‧‧本體21‧‧‧ body
22‧‧‧止轉部22‧‧‧Turning
23‧‧‧抵靠部23‧‧‧Abutment
31‧‧‧軸接部31‧‧‧Axis joint
311‧‧‧穿孔311‧‧‧Perforation
32‧‧‧定位部32‧‧‧ Positioning Department
32a‧‧‧坩堝定位部32a‧‧‧坩埚Location Department
32b‧‧‧模穴定位部32b‧‧‧Acupoint Positioning Department
321‧‧‧穿置孔321‧‧‧With holes
322‧‧‧容槽322‧‧‧ 容容
4‧‧‧殼模4‧‧‧Shell mold
41‧‧‧坩堝部41‧‧‧坩埚
411‧‧‧容置空間411‧‧‧ accommodating space
412‧‧‧第一連接管412‧‧‧First connecting tube
42‧‧‧模穴部42‧‧‧Move
421‧‧‧模穴421‧‧‧ cavity
422‧‧‧第二連接管422‧‧‧Second connection tube
5‧‧‧加熱器5‧‧‧heater
N‧‧‧金屬液N‧‧‧metal liquid
Claims (8)
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Citations (4)
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TW330866B (en) * | 1997-02-26 | 1998-05-01 | qing-bin Lin | Casting method for composite parts with non-uniform distribution of reinforcing materials |
US6499529B1 (en) * | 2001-08-17 | 2002-12-31 | Hitchiner Manufacturing Co., Inc. | Centrifugal countergravity casting |
TW201215467A (en) * | 2010-10-14 | 2012-04-16 | Dynamic Prec Industry Corp | Atmospheric centrifugal casting method for iron alloy golf club head |
US8167023B2 (en) * | 2006-10-23 | 2012-05-01 | Manfred Renkel | Apparatus for centrifugal casting under vacuum |
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JP2002301553A (en) * | 2001-04-02 | 2002-10-15 | Weina Sogo Kenkyusho:Kk | Centrifugal casting method and centrifugal casting apparatus |
CN2880323Y (en) * | 2006-02-17 | 2007-03-21 | 天津市爱鑫医疗设备有限公司 | Vacuum high frequency centrifugal casting machine |
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TW330866B (en) * | 1997-02-26 | 1998-05-01 | qing-bin Lin | Casting method for composite parts with non-uniform distribution of reinforcing materials |
US6499529B1 (en) * | 2001-08-17 | 2002-12-31 | Hitchiner Manufacturing Co., Inc. | Centrifugal countergravity casting |
US8167023B2 (en) * | 2006-10-23 | 2012-05-01 | Manfred Renkel | Apparatus for centrifugal casting under vacuum |
TW201215467A (en) * | 2010-10-14 | 2012-04-16 | Dynamic Prec Industry Corp | Atmospheric centrifugal casting method for iron alloy golf club head |
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