TWI482105B - Method and system for constructing project knowledge template - Google Patents
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Description
本發明是有關於一種樣本建立方法,且特別是有關於一種專案知識樣本的建立系統及其專案知識樣本的建立方法。The invention relates to a method for establishing a sample, and in particular to a system for establishing a sample of project knowledge and a method for establishing a sample of project knowledge.
在現代,專案管理的技術逐漸被學者及業界所重視而成為一門顯學。特別是以專案為基礎的機構,每項工作都是以專案的方式進行。一般來說在每個專案進行之初,須由專案管理人員依據專案的架構拆解出多個工作項目、並將各工作項目指派給特定人員(亦即專案成員)。但不難想見的是,透過專案管理人員以人為的方式進行工作項目的拆解或指派不僅十分耗時費力,在專案完成後,執行過程所產生的相關資訊也未必能被妥善的保留與整理,進而導致在往後面臨相似的專案時,無法利用先前累積的知識而快速定義專案的架構。In modern times, the technology of project management has gradually become the focus of scholars and industry. Especially for project-based institutions, each work is carried out on a project-by-project basis. Generally speaking, at the beginning of each project, the project manager must dismantle multiple work items according to the project structure and assign each work item to a specific person (that is, a project member). However, it is not difficult to imagine that the dismantling or assignment of work items by project managers is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive. After the project is completed, the relevant information generated by the implementation process may not be properly retained. Organizing, which in turn leads to the failure to use the previously accumulated knowledge to quickly define the structure of the project when faced with similar projects in the future.
專案管理系統便是針對上述問題所發展出的一項工具。然而目前在市面上大多數的專案管理系統需由專案管理人員依據專案的領域、產業及工作複雜度進行工作項目的拆解,以建立專案的工作分解結構(Work Breakdown Structure,WBS),而僅有部份的專案管理系統可以提供預先建立好的WBS樣本。但專案管理系統所提供的WBS樣本僅包括工作項目的名稱,而並未說明如何進行此項工作項目。因此,專案成員在接到被指派的工作項目時,無法藉由WBS樣本快速的了解工作項目的內容及相關資訊,而必須額外花費時間攝取相關的訊息才能著手進行工作。The project management system is a tool developed for the above problems. However, most of the project management systems currently on the market need to be dismantled by project managers based on the field, industry and work complexity of the project to establish a work breakdown structure (WBS). Some project management systems can provide pre-established WBS samples. However, the WBS sample provided by the project management system only includes the name of the work item, but does not explain how to carry out the work item. Therefore, when the project members receive the assigned work items, they cannot quickly learn the contents of the work items and related information through the WBS sample, and must spend extra time to get relevant information to start working.
進一步來說,由於專案成員無法僅藉由工作項目的名稱便了解其內容與相關資訊,因此WBS樣本本身並無法對降低專案管理的難度造成任何助益。除此之外,還可能因為專案人員取得訊息的來源並未統一,而致使工作項目所欲達成的目標與原本設定的目標有所出入,而造成產出內容不對、或品質不符合要求等狀況,進而對專案進行造成負面影響。Further, since the project members cannot understand the content and related information only by the name of the work item, the WBS sample itself cannot help anyway in reducing the difficulty of project management. In addition, it may be because the source of the information obtained by the project personnel is not unified, and the goal that the work project wants to achieve is different from the originally set goal, resulting in incorrect output content or quality failure. And thus have a negative impact on the project.
本發明亦提供一種專案知識樣本的建立方法,建立包括工作項目與相關執行內容的專案知識樣本,以幫助專案成員在接獲工作之後,能根據專案知識樣本快速掌握專案的進行流程與方向。The invention also provides a method for establishing a sample of project knowledge, and establishes a sample of project knowledge including work items and related execution contents, so as to help project members quickly grasp the process and direction of the project according to the sample of project knowledge after receiving the work.
本發明提供一種專案知識樣本的建立系統,可提供包括工作項目與相關執行內容的專案知識樣本,加速專案成員了解所指派到的工作,以提昇專案的執行效能及維持工作的品質。。The invention provides a system for establishing a sample of project knowledge, which can provide a sample of project knowledge including work items and related execution contents, and accelerate the project members to understand the assigned work, so as to improve the execution efficiency of the project and maintain the quality of the work. .
本發明提出一種專案知識樣本的建立方法,此方法包括下列步驟。首先,提供多個工作分解結構(Work Breakdown Structure,WBS)樣本,其中各個WBS樣本皆包括多個工作項目。接著,定義多個工作規範,其中各個工作規範分別對應於一類別與至少一關鍵字。在選擇其中一個WBS樣本後,依據各個工作規範的類別與其關鍵字,搜尋在所選擇之WBS樣本中各個工作項目需要參照的所有工作規範。最後,整合各個工作項目與需要參照之所有工作規範,以建立包括各個工作項目與相關之執行內容的專案知識樣本。The invention provides a method for establishing a sample of project knowledge, the method comprising the following steps. First, a plurality of Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) samples are provided, wherein each WBS sample includes a plurality of work items. Next, a plurality of work specifications are defined, wherein each work specification corresponds to a category and at least one keyword, respectively. After selecting one of the WBS samples, based on the categories of each work specification and its keywords, search for all work specifications that need to be referenced for each work item in the selected WBS sample. Finally, integrate each work item with all work specifications that need to be referenced to build a sample of project knowledge that includes each work item and related execution content.
在本發明之一實施例中,上述之定義一個工作規範的步驟包括:提供多個預設類別,取得工作規範的工作規範內容,依據工作規範內容選擇這些預設類別其中之一以作為工作規範所對應的類別,以及分析工作規範內容以指定工作規範所對應的關鍵字。In an embodiment of the present invention, the step of defining a work specification includes: providing a plurality of preset categories, obtaining work specification content of the work specification, and selecting one of the preset categories according to the work specification content as a work specification. The corresponding category, and the keyword that analyzes the work specification content to specify the work specification.
在本發明之一實施例中,上述之預設類別包括輸入、執行步驟、輸出、參考格式、工具、實施案例、參考連結、歷史記錄、驗收準則及注意事項等等。In an embodiment of the present invention, the preset categories include input, execution steps, output, reference format, tools, implementation cases, reference links, history records, acceptance criteria, and considerations, and the like.
在本發明之一實施例中,上述之關鍵字係對應於工作規範內容所屬的領域、產業以及一般性工作項目名稱其中之一或其組合者。In an embodiment of the present invention, the keyword corresponds to one of a domain, an industry, and a general work item name to which the work specification content belongs or a combination thereof.
在本發明之一實施例中,上述之整合其中一個工作項目與需要參照之所有工作規範的步驟包括:取得工作項目需要參照之所有工作規範的工作規範內容,以及將所取得之工作規範內容設定為工作項目所對應的執行內容。In an embodiment of the present invention, the step of integrating one of the work items and all the work specifications that need to be referred to includes: obtaining the work specification content of all work specifications that the work item needs to refer to, and setting the work specification content obtained. The execution content corresponding to the work item.
在本發明之一實施例中,上述之選擇一個WBS樣本的步驟包括根據專案的工作主題、專案性質,或專案名稱來選擇WBS樣本。In an embodiment of the invention, the step of selecting a WBS sample comprises selecting a WBS sample based on the work theme, project nature, or project name of the project.
在本發明之一實施例中,其中在依據各個工作規範的類別與關鍵字,搜尋在所選擇之WBS樣本中各個工作項目需要參照之所有工作規範的步驟之前,更包括取得所選擇之WBS樣本所對應的參照類別,以及選取對應之類別符合其中一個參照類別的所有工作規範。In an embodiment of the present invention, before the step of searching for all the work specifications that each work item needs to refer to in the selected WBS sample according to the categories and keywords of each work specification, the method further includes obtaining the selected WBS sample. The corresponding reference category, and all work specifications that match the selected category to one of the reference categories.
在本發明之一實施例中,其中在選取對應之類別符合其中一個參照類別的所有工作規範之後,搜尋各個工作項目需要參照之所有工作規範的步驟包括:選擇其中一個工作項目。取得所選擇之工作項目所屬之領域以及工作項目名稱。最後在所選取的所有工作規範中,將各個工作規範的關鍵字、領域以及工作項目名稱進行比對,以篩選出所選擇之工作項目需要參照的所有工作規範。In an embodiment of the present invention, after selecting all the work specifications of the corresponding category to match one of the reference categories, the step of searching for all the work specifications that each work item needs to refer to includes: selecting one of the work items. Get the field to which the selected work item belongs and the name of the work item. Finally, in all the selected work specifications, the keywords, fields, and work item names of each work specification are compared to filter out all work specifications that need to be referenced for the selected work item.
在本發明之一實施例中,上述之篩選工作項目需要參照之所有工作規範的步驟包括:分別計算所選取之各個工作規範的關鍵字與領域及工作項目名稱之間的相關性係數,以及依據這些相關性係數選擇至少其中一個工作規範。In an embodiment of the present invention, the step of referring to all the work specifications of the screening work item includes: separately calculating a correlation coefficient between the keywords of the selected work specifications and the domain and the work item name, and These correlation coefficients select at least one of the work specifications.
在本發明之一實施例中,上述之參照類別包括所有或部分工作規範所對應的類別。In an embodiment of the invention, the above reference categories include categories corresponding to all or part of the work specifications.
在本發明之一實施例中,上述之專案知識樣本的建立方法更包括:在無法搜尋到工作項目所需要參照的工作規範時,發出一輸入要求。在取得對應輸入要求的輸入資訊後,將輸入資訊設定為工作項目所對應之執行內容。In an embodiment of the present invention, the method for establishing the above-mentioned project knowledge sample further includes: issuing an input request when the work specification that the work item needs to refer to cannot be searched for. After obtaining the input information corresponding to the input request, the input information is set as the execution content corresponding to the work item.
在本發明之一實施例中,上述之專案知識樣本的建立方法更包括儲存所建立之專案知識樣本。In an embodiment of the present invention, the method for establishing the above-mentioned project knowledge sample further includes storing the established project knowledge sample.
本發明亦提出一種專案知識樣本的建立系統,其包括WBS樣本資料庫、工作規範資料庫、選取單元、搜尋單元,以及整合單元。WBS樣本資料庫用以儲存多個WBS樣本,其中各個WBS樣本皆包括多個工作項目。工作規範資料庫用以儲存多個工作規範,其中各個工作規範分別對應於一類別與至少一關鍵字。選取單元耦接WBS樣本資料庫,用以選擇其中一個WBS樣本。搜尋單元耦接工作規範資料庫及選取單元,用以依據各個工作規範的類別與其關鍵字,搜尋在選取單元所選擇之WBS樣本中各個工作項目需要參照的所有工作規範。整合單元耦接選取單元及搜尋單元,用以整合各個工作項目與需要參照之所有工作規範,以建立包括各個工作項目與相關之執行內容的專案知識樣本。The invention also proposes a system for establishing a project knowledge sample, which comprises a WBS sample database, a work specification database, a selection unit, a search unit, and an integration unit. The WBS sample database is used to store multiple WBS samples, each of which includes multiple work items. The work specification database is used to store a plurality of work specifications, wherein each work specification corresponds to a category and at least one keyword respectively. The selection unit is coupled to the WBS sample database for selecting one of the WBS samples. The search unit is coupled to the work specification database and the selection unit, and searches for all work specifications that need to be referred to in each work item in the WBS sample selected by the selected unit according to the category of each work specification and its keyword. The integration unit is coupled to the selection unit and the search unit for integrating each work item and all work specifications that need to be referenced, to establish a sample of project knowledge including each work item and related execution content.
在本發明之一實施例中,上述之專案知識樣本的建立系統更包括工作規範資料庫管理單元。工作規範資料庫管理單元耦接工作規範資料庫,用以取得多個預設類別,並在取得一個工作規範的工作規範內容後,依據工作規範內容選擇一個預設類別以作為工作規範所對應的類別,以及分析工作規範內容以指定此工作規範所對應的關鍵字。In an embodiment of the present invention, the system for establishing a project knowledge sample further includes a work specification database management unit. The work specification database management unit is coupled to the work specification database for obtaining a plurality of preset categories, and after obtaining the work specification content of the work specification, selecting a preset category according to the work specification content as the work specification corresponding to Categories, and analyze work specification content to specify keywords for this work specification.
在本發明之一實施例中,上述之預設類別包括輸入、執行步驟、輸出、參考格式、工具、實施案例、參考連結、歷史記錄、驗收準則及注意事項。In an embodiment of the present invention, the preset categories include input, execution steps, output, reference format, tools, implementation cases, reference links, history records, acceptance criteria, and considerations.
在本發明之一實施例中,上述之關鍵字係對應工作規範內容所屬的領域、產業以及一般性工作項目名稱其中之一或其組合者。In an embodiment of the present invention, the keyword is one of a domain, an industry, and a general work item name to which the work specification content belongs or a combination thereof.
在本發明之一實施例中,上述之整合單元取得工作項目需要參照之所有工作規範的工作規範內容,以及將所取得之工作規範內容設定為工作項目所對應的執行內容。In an embodiment of the present invention, the integration unit obtains the work specification content of all the work specifications that the work item needs to refer to, and sets the obtained work specification content as the execution content corresponding to the work item.
在本發明之一實施例中,上述之選取單元根據專案的工作主題、專案性質,或專案名稱選擇WBS樣本。In an embodiment of the present invention, the selecting unit selects the WBS sample according to the work theme, the nature of the project, or the project name of the project.
在本發明之一實施例中,上述之搜尋單元取得所選擇之WBS樣本所對應的參照類別,並選取對應之類別符合其中一個參照類別的所有工作規範。In an embodiment of the present invention, the searching unit obtains a reference category corresponding to the selected WBS sample, and selects all working specifications corresponding to the one of the reference categories.
在本發明之一實施例中,上述之搜尋單元選擇一個工作項目,並取得所選擇之工作項目所屬的領域以及工作項目名稱。並且在所選取的工作規範之中,將其關鍵字與工作項目的領域及工作項目名稱進行比對,以篩選出所選擇之工作項目需要參照的所有工作規範。In an embodiment of the invention, the search unit selects a work item and obtains the domain to which the selected work item belongs and the work item name. And in the selected work specifications, the keywords are compared with the field of the work item and the name of the work item to filter out all the work specifications that the selected work item needs to refer to.
在本發明之一實施例中,上述之搜尋單元分別計算所選取之各個工作規範的關鍵字與領域及工作項目名稱之間的相關性係數,以及依據這些相關性係數選擇至少一個工作規範。In an embodiment of the present invention, the searching unit respectively calculates a correlation coefficient between the keywords of the selected work specifications and the domain and the work item name, and selects at least one work specification according to the correlation coefficients.
在本發明之一實施例中,上述之整合單元在無法搜尋到工作項目所需要參照的工作規範時,將發出輸入要求以取得對應的輸入資訊。並且將輸入資訊設定為此工作項目所對應之執行內容。In an embodiment of the present invention, when the integrated unit cannot search for a work specification that needs to be referred to by the work item, an input request is issued to obtain corresponding input information. And the input information is set to the execution content corresponding to this work item.
在本發明之一實施例中,上述之專案知識樣本的建立系統更包括專案知識樣本資料庫。專案知識樣本資料庫耦接整合單元,用以儲存專案知識樣本。In an embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned project knowledge sample establishment system further includes a project knowledge sample database. The project knowledge sample database is coupled to the integration unit for storing project knowledge samples.
基於上述,本發明所述之專案知識樣本的建立方法與系統係將一個WBS樣本所包括的工作項目與其需要參照的所有工作規範整合起來,以建立包括工作項目以及相關執行內容的專案知識樣本。據此在專案進行之初,不但便於制定含有工作方法與品質要求等不同規範的WBS,同時也能引導專案人員快速了解應執行專案時應當注意的各種事項。提供已整合知識的專案知識樣本將能縮短專案管理人員制定專案之WBS所耗費的時間,並且讓專案人員利於執行對應的動作,從而確保專案較易達成規劃時的目標,以大幅提昇專案的生產力。Based on the above, the method and system for establishing a project knowledge sample according to the present invention integrates a work item included in a WBS sample with all work specifications that need to be referenced to establish a project knowledge sample including a work item and related execution content. According to this, at the beginning of the project, it is not only convenient to formulate WBS with different specifications such as working methods and quality requirements, but also to guide the project personnel to quickly understand the various matters that should be paid attention to when implementing the project. Providing a sample of project knowledge with integrated knowledge will shorten the time it takes for the project manager to develop a project's WBS, and allow the project staff to perform the corresponding actions, thus ensuring that the project is easier to achieve the planning goals and significantly increase the productivity of the project. .
為讓本發明之上述特徵和優點能更明顯易懂,下文特舉實施例,並配合所附圖式作詳細說明如下。The above described features and advantages of the present invention will be more apparent from the following description.
圖1是依照本發明之一實施例所繪示之專案知識樣本建立系統的方塊圖。請參照圖1,專案知識樣本建立系統100包括工作分解結構(Work Breakdown Structure,WBS)樣本資料庫110、工作規範資料庫120、選取單元130、搜尋單元140、整合單元150、工作規範資料庫管理單元160及專案知識樣本資料庫170。其中,選取單元130連接至WBS樣本資料庫110、搜尋單元140及整合單元150。而搜尋單元140連接至工作規範資料庫120及整合單元150。工作規範資料庫管理單元160與工作規範資料庫120相連。而整合單元150則連接至專案知識樣本資料庫170。FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a project knowledge sample establishing system according to an embodiment of the invention. Referring to FIG. 1, the project knowledge sample establishing system 100 includes a Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) sample database 110, a work specification database 120, a selection unit 130, a search unit 140, an integration unit 150, and a work specification database management. The unit 160 and the project knowledge sample database 170. The selection unit 130 is connected to the WBS sample database 110, the search unit 140, and the integration unit 150. The search unit 140 is connected to the work specification database 120 and the integration unit 150. The work specification database management unit 160 is connected to the work specification database 120. The integration unit 150 is connected to the project knowledge sample database 170.
WBS樣本資料庫110用以儲存多個WBS樣本,而每個WBS樣本皆包括多個工作項目。工作規範資料庫120用以儲存多個工作規範,其中各個工作規範分別對應一類別與一個或一個以上的關鍵字。在本實施例中,選取單元130會在WBS樣本資料庫110中選擇一個WBS樣本。而搜尋單元140會依據選取單元130所選擇的WBS樣本,在工作規範資料庫120中尋找需要參照的所有工作規範。最後再由整合單元150將搜尋單元140所篩選之工作規範的內容整合至選取單元130所選擇的WBS樣本中,以建立對應的專案知識樣本,並將專案知識樣本儲存在專案知識樣本資料庫170。The WBS sample database 110 is used to store a plurality of WBS samples, and each WBS sample includes a plurality of work items. The work specification database 120 is configured to store a plurality of work specifications, wherein each work specification corresponds to a category and one or more keywords. In this embodiment, the selection unit 130 selects a WBS sample in the WBS sample database 110. The search unit 140 searches all the work specifications to be referred to in the work specification database 120 according to the WBS samples selected by the selection unit 130. Finally, the integration unit 150 integrates the content of the work specification selected by the search unit 140 into the WBS sample selected by the selection unit 130 to establish a corresponding project knowledge sample, and stores the project knowledge sample in the project knowledge sample database 170. .
在本實施例中,記錄在工作規範資料庫120中的工作規範包括特定領域或產業可能牽涉到的資訊與知識內容,例如是由該領域或產業的專家所建立。除此之外,工作規範也可以是在執行先前的專案時所需要之輸入、輸出、執行步驟、工具、參考格式、參考連結、實施案例、歷史記錄、驗收準則與注意事項等知識資料,在此並不加以限制。In the present embodiment, the work specifications recorded in the work specification database 120 include information and knowledge content that may be involved in a particular field or industry, such as established by experts in the field or industry. In addition, the work specification can also be the input data, input, output steps, tools, reference formats, reference links, implementation cases, history records, acceptance criteria, and precautions required to execute the previous project. This is not limited.
為了更進一步地說明專案知識樣本建立系統100的詳細運作流程,以下特舉另一實施例來作說明。圖2是依照本發明之一實施例所繪示之專案知識樣本的建立方法的流程圖。請參照圖1及圖2,在本實施例中,首先如步驟S201所示,由WBS樣本資料庫110提供所儲存的多個WBS樣本,這些WBS樣本例如是對應於不同的工作主題,好比像是軟體開發所適用的WBS樣本或是建立工具機所適用的WBS樣本等等,而每個WBS樣本皆包括一個或一個以上的工作項目。In order to further illustrate the detailed operational flow of the project knowledge sample establishing system 100, another embodiment will be described below. 2 is a flow chart of a method for establishing a project knowledge sample according to an embodiment of the invention. Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, in the embodiment, first, as shown in step S201, the stored plurality of WBS samples are provided by the WBS sample database 110, and the WBS samples correspond to different work topics, for example, like It is a WBS sample for software development or a WBS sample for a machine tool, and each WBS sample includes one or more work items.
接著如步驟S202所示,透過工作規範資料庫管理單元160定義多個工作規範,每個工作規範分別對應於一類別與至少一個關鍵字,且所定義的工作規範將儲存於工作規範資料庫120。由於每次定義一個工作規範的流程皆相同,因此以下將以圖3來說明透過工作規範資料庫管理單元160定義一個工作規範的詳細步驟。請參照圖3,在本實施例之工作規範資料庫120中已預先設定有數個預設類別,這些預設類別例如為輸入、執行步驟、輸出、參考格式、工具、實施案例、參考連結、歷史記錄、驗收準則、注意事項等。在準備建立一個工作規範時,首先如步驟S301所示,由工作規範資料庫管理單元160取得工作規範資料庫120所提供的上述預設類別。Then, as shown in step S202, a plurality of work specifications are defined by the work specification database management unit 160, each work specification respectively corresponding to a category and at least one keyword, and the defined work specifications are stored in the work specification database 120. . Since the flow of defining a work specification is the same each time, the detailed steps of defining a work specification by the work specification database management unit 160 will be described below with reference to FIG. Referring to FIG. 3, a plurality of preset categories are preset in the work specification database 120 of the embodiment, such as input, execution steps, output, reference format, tools, implementation cases, reference links, and history. Records, acceptance criteria, precautions, etc. When preparing to establish a work specification, first, as shown in step S301, the work specification database management unit 160 obtains the preset category provided by the work specification database 120.
接著,如步驟S302所示,工作規範資料庫管理單元160進一步取得準備建立之工作規範的工作規範內容。其中,工作規範內容例如是由人為輸入或由檔案匯入,在此並不限制其範圍。接著在步驟S303中,工作規範資料庫管理單元160將依據工作規範內容選擇其中的一個預設類別以作為此工作規範所對應的類別。最後在步驟S304中,分析工作規範內容以指定工作規範所對應的關鍵字。在本實施例中,所指定的關鍵字例如是對應於工作規範內容所屬的領域、產業以及一般性工作項目名稱其中之一,或是對應於領域、產業與一般性工作項目名稱的組合。必須特別說明的是,所謂的一般性工作項目名稱是指較廣泛或較為通用的領域名稱。好比像硬體設計或軟體設計等等便可稱之為一般性工作項目名稱。Next, as shown in step S302, the work specification database management unit 160 further obtains the work specification content of the work specification to be established. The work specification content is, for example, input by humans or imported by a file, and the scope thereof is not limited herein. Next, in step S303, the work specification database management unit 160 selects one of the preset categories according to the work specification content as the category corresponding to the work specification. Finally, in step S304, the work specification content is analyzed to specify a keyword corresponding to the work specification. In the present embodiment, the specified keyword is, for example, one of the domain, the industry, and the general work item name to which the work specification content belongs, or a combination corresponding to the domain, the industry, and the general work item name. It must be specifically stated that the so-called general work item name refers to a broader or more general field name. It is like a hardware design or a software design, etc. It can be called a general work item name.
反覆透過圖3所示之各步驟,便可利用工作規範資料庫管理單元160定義數個工作規範,並且將每次定義的工作規範與所標註的類別以及關鍵字一同記錄在工作規範資料庫120中。Repeating through the steps shown in FIG. 3, the work specification database management unit 160 can be used to define a plurality of work specifications, and each defined work specification is recorded in the work specification database 120 together with the marked categories and keywords. in.
接著請回到圖2之步驟S203,由選取單元130在WBS樣本資料庫110中選擇其中一個WBS樣本。舉例來說,選取單元130可以依據一個專案的工作主題、專案性質,或專案名稱來選擇適當的WBS樣本。Next, returning to step S203 of FIG. 2, one of the WBS samples is selected by the selection unit 130 in the WBS sample database 110. For example, the selection unit 130 can select an appropriate WBS sample according to the work theme, project nature, or project name of a project.
接下來如步驟S204所示,搜尋單元140依據工作規範資料庫120所記錄之各個工作規範的類別與其關鍵字,搜尋被選取之WBS樣本所包括的各工作項目需要參照的所有工作規範。最後,如步驟S205所示,整合單元150會整合在WBS樣本下各個工作項目與其需要參照的所有工作規範,進而建立包含工作項目與相關執行內容的專案知識樣本,並且將專案知識樣本儲存於專案知識樣本資料庫170。Next, as shown in step S204, the search unit 140 searches for all the work specifications that need to be referred to for each work item included in the selected WBS sample according to the category of each work specification recorded by the work specification database 120 and its keyword. Finally, as shown in step S205, the integration unit 150 integrates all the work items under the WBS sample with all the work specifications that need to be referenced, thereby establishing a project knowledge sample containing the work items and related execution contents, and storing the project knowledge samples in the project. Knowledge sample database 170.
透過圖2所示之各步驟,具有各種詳細資訊的工作規範與WBS樣本將相互結合成專案知識樣本。由於WBS具有可重覆使用的特性,因此專案知識樣本的建立可省去建立新專案時必須重新設計專案之WBS所耗費的時間,同時也能幫助各專案成員快速進入狀況以加速專案中各個工作項目的進行。Through the steps shown in Figure 2, the work specifications and WBS samples with various detailed information will be combined into a portfolio of project knowledge. Because WBS has reusable features, the creation of a project knowledge sample eliminates the time it takes to redesign the WBS of a project when creating a new project. It also helps project members quickly enter the situation to speed up the work in the project. The project is carried out.
圖4是依照本發明之另一實施例所繪示之專案知識樣本的建立方法的流程圖。請參照圖1及圖4,在本實施例中,首先如步驟S401所示,選取單元130自WBS樣本資料庫110中選擇一個WBS樣本,此WBS樣本包括數個工作項目,並對應至一個或一個以上的參照類別。在一實施例中,WBS樣本所對應的參照類別包括所有工作規範所對應的類別。在另一實施例中,WBS樣本所對應的參照類別則可以是部份工作規範所對應的類別。亦即,在工作規範資料庫120中所有工作規範可分為10個類別的情況下,WBS樣本所對應的參照類別可同時包括上述10個類別,或是僅包括其中的部份類別,在此並不限制其範圍。4 is a flow chart of a method for establishing a project knowledge sample according to another embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 4, in the embodiment, first, as shown in step S401, the selecting unit 130 selects a WBS sample from the WBS sample database 110, and the WBS sample includes several work items, and corresponds to one or More than one reference category. In an embodiment, the reference categories corresponding to the WBS samples include categories corresponding to all work specifications. In another embodiment, the reference category corresponding to the WBS sample may be the category corresponding to the partial work specification. That is, in the case that all the work specifications in the work specification database 120 can be divided into 10 categories, the reference categories corresponding to the WBS samples can include the above 10 categories at the same time, or only some of the categories are included. There is no limit to its scope.
接著,如步驟S402所示,搜尋單元140選擇上述WBS樣本所包括的其中一個工作項目,並取得此工作項目所屬之領域以及工作項目名稱。接下來如步驟S403所示,由搜尋單元140選取WBS樣本所對應的其中一個參照類別。並且在步驟S404中,由搜尋單元140自工作規範資料庫120中,選取所有對應之類別符合所選取之參照類別的工作規範。Next, as shown in step S402, the searching unit 140 selects one of the work items included in the WBS sample, and obtains the domain to which the work item belongs and the work item name. Next, as shown in step S403, the search unit 140 selects one of the reference categories corresponding to the WBS sample. And in step S404, the search unit 140 selects, from the work specification database 120, all the work specifications corresponding to the selected reference category.
在取得符合參照類別的所有工作規範之後,須對這些工作規範進行進一步的篩選。因此如步驟S405所示,搜尋單元140將所取得之各工作規範的關鍵字、工作項目的領域以及工作項目名稱進行比對,以進一步篩選出此工作項目需要參照的所有工作規範。舉例來說,搜尋單元140可以分別將各工作規範的關鍵字與工作項目的領域及工作項目名稱進行計算,以取得各工作規範與工作項目之間的相關性係數,接著再依據這些相關性係數的高低來選擇至少一項工作規範。These work specifications must be further screened after all work practices that meet the reference category are obtained. Therefore, as shown in step S405, the searching unit 140 compares the obtained keywords of each work specification, the field of the work item, and the work item name to further filter out all work specifications that the work item needs to refer to. For example, the searching unit 140 may separately calculate the keywords of each work specification and the work item field and the work item name to obtain the correlation coefficient between each work specification and the work item, and then according to the correlation coefficients. The level of choice is to choose at least one work specification.
接下來在步驟S406中,由整合單元150判斷搜尋單元140是否能取得此工作項目所需要參照的工作規範。若搜尋單元140能取得工作規範,代表在工作規範資料庫120中存在此工作項目在這個參照類別下應該參考的工作規範。而搜尋單元140會將上述工作規範的工作規範內容傳送到整合單元150,接著如步驟S407所示,由整合單元150將工作規範內容設定為此一工作項目所對應的執行內容。然而,在搜尋單元140無法取得此一工作項目需要參照之任何工作規範的情況下,則如步驟S411所示,由整合單元150發出輸入要求並取得對應的輸入資訊,並且在步驟S412中,整合單元150將取得的輸入資訊設定為這個工作項目所對應的執行內容。至此,此一工作項目在這個參照類別下所應該參照的所有工作規範內容便會被記錄在對應的執行內容中。Next, in step S406, the integration unit 150 determines whether the search unit 140 can obtain the work specification that the work item needs to refer to. If the search unit 140 can obtain the work specification, it represents that there is a work specification in the work specification database 120 that the work item should refer to under this reference category. The search unit 140 transmits the work specification content of the above work specification to the integration unit 150, and then, as shown in step S407, the work specification content is set by the integration unit 150 as the execution content corresponding to the work item. However, if the search unit 140 cannot obtain any work specifications that need to be referred to by the work item, the input unit sends an input request and obtains corresponding input information, as shown in step S411, and integrates in step S412. The unit 150 sets the obtained input information as the execution content corresponding to the work item. At this point, all the work specification contents that this work item should refer to under this reference category will be recorded in the corresponding execution content.
然而由於WBS樣本可對應一個或一個以上的參照類別,因此在步驟S408中,搜尋單元140將進一步判斷WBS樣本是否還對應其他的參照類別。若WBS樣本另有對應的參照類別,則表示此工作項目在執行時還必須參照屬於其他類別的工作規範。因此回到步驟S403,再次取得WBS樣本所對應的另一個參照類別,並反覆執行上述步驟以取得此工作項目在這個參照類別下應當參考的所有工作規範。另外,若此WBS樣本所對應的所有參照類別皆已按照上述步驟處理完畢,則表示在這個工作項目所對應的執行內容中,已記錄了在各個參照類別下工作項目應該參照的所有工作規範內容,因此如步驟S409所示,判斷在此一WBS樣本中是否存在尚未處理的工作項目。However, since the WBS samples can correspond to one or more reference categories, in step S408, the search unit 140 will further determine whether the WBS samples also correspond to other reference categories. If the WBS sample has a corresponding reference category, it means that the work item must also refer to the work specifications belonging to other categories when it is executed. Therefore, returning to step S403, another reference category corresponding to the WBS sample is obtained again, and the above steps are repeatedly performed to obtain all the work specifications that the work item should refer to under this reference category. In addition, if all the reference categories corresponding to the WBS sample have been processed according to the above steps, it indicates that all the work specification contents that the work item should refer to under each reference category have been recorded in the execution content corresponding to the work item. Therefore, as shown in step S409, it is determined whether there is an unprocessed work item in the WBS sample.
若步驟S409的判斷結果為「是」,則本實施例所述之專案知識樣本的建立方法會回到步驟S402,再次取得在WBS樣本中尚未處理的一個工作項目,並以依據上述流程決定這個工作項目所對應的所有執行內容。然而,若步驟S409的判斷結果為「否」,表示此WBS樣本下所有的工作項目皆己處理完畢,因此如步驟S410所示,整合單元150將各工作項目與相關之執行內容整合成一個專案知識樣本,並且將專案知識樣本儲存在專案知識樣本資料庫170中。If the result of the determination in step S409 is YES, the method for establishing the project knowledge sample described in this embodiment returns to step S402, and again obtains a work item that has not been processed in the WBS sample, and determines this according to the above process. All execution content corresponding to the work item. However, if the result of the determination in step S409 is "NO", it indicates that all the work items under the WBS sample have been processed. Therefore, as shown in step S410, the integration unit 150 integrates the work items and related execution contents into one project. The knowledge sample and the case knowledge sample are stored in the project knowledge sample database 170.
在一實施例中,選取單元130首先依照專案的領域(例如晶圓製造、建築,或航太科技等)、產業(例如旅遊業、科技業,或傳統產業等)或一般性工作項目(例如設計、分析,或整合等),從WBS樣本資料庫110取得一個適用的WBS樣本。為了方便說明,在此假設選取單元130所選取的WBS樣本具有三個工作項目(分別為第一、第二,以及第三工作項目),且此WBS樣本對應輸入、執行步驟及輸出這三種參照類別。接著,搜尋單元140將自工作規範資料庫120篩選出第一工作項目分別在輸入、執行步驟及輸出這三種參照類別下所應參照的工作規範,並將對應的工作規範內容設定為第一工作項目的執行內容。In an embodiment, the selection unit 130 first depends on the field of the project (eg, wafer fabrication, construction, or aerospace technology, etc.), industry (eg, tourism, technology, or traditional industries, etc.) or general work items (eg, Design, analysis, or integration, etc.), obtain an applicable WBS sample from the WBS sample database 110. For convenience of explanation, it is assumed here that the WBS sample selected by the selection unit 130 has three work items (first, second, and third work items, respectively), and the WBS sample corresponds to the input, the execution step, and the output. category. Then, the searching unit 140 filters out the work specification that the first work item should refer to under the three reference categories of input, execution step and output from the work specification database 120, and sets the corresponding work specification content as the first work. The execution content of the project.
以「輸入」這個參照類別為例,搜尋單元140首先將自工作規範資料庫120中選出類別為輸入的所有工作規範。接著,搜尋單元140透過關鍵字的比對分別計算第一工作項目與符合輸入類別之每個工作規範之間的相關性係數。最後再依照相關性係數的高低篩選出至少一個工作規範(例如篩選出具有較高相關性係數的工作規範),並以篩選出之工作規範的工作規範內容作為第一工作項目在輸入這個參照類別下的執行內容。同樣地,搜尋單元140也將依照上述方式取得第一工作項目分別在執行步驟及輸出這兩個類別下所應該參照的工作規範,並將對應的工作規範內容設定為第一工作項目在執行步驟及輸出這兩個類別下應該遵循的執行內容。Taking the reference category of "input" as an example, the search unit 140 first selects all the work specifications of the input type from the work specification database 120. Next, the search unit 140 separately calculates a correlation coefficient between the first work item and each of the work specifications conforming to the input category by the comparison of the keywords. Finally, at least one work specification is selected according to the correlation coefficient (for example, a work specification with a higher correlation coefficient is selected), and the work specification content of the selected work specification is used as the first work item in the input reference category. The execution content below. Similarly, the search unit 140 will also obtain the work specifications that the first work item should refer to in the execution step and the output category according to the above manner, and set the corresponding work specification content as the first work item in the execution step. And output the execution content that should be followed under these two categories.
在處理完第一工作規範之後,搜尋單元140會依照上述方法分別取得第二工作項目及第三工作項目在輸入、執行步驟及輸出這三種參照類別下所對應的執行內容,在此不再贅述其步驟。最後,由整合單元150將此三個工作項目及其執行內容整合為一專案知識樣本,並將專案知識樣本儲存於專案知識樣本資料庫170中。After the first working specification is processed, the searching unit 140 respectively obtains the execution contents corresponding to the input, execution steps and output of the second working item and the third working item according to the above method, and details are not described herein again. Its steps. Finally, the integration work unit 150 integrates the three work items and their execution contents into a project knowledge sample, and stores the project knowledge samples in the project knowledge sample database 170.
值得一提的是,儲存在專案知識樣本資料庫170中的專案知識樣本可以匯出為其他的文字格式的檔案,例如可擴展置標語言(eXtensible Markup Language,XML)檔,以供其他的專案管理系統使用。並且,在利用儲存於專案知識樣本資料庫170中的專案知識樣本來建立新專案時,例如還可以將專案管理人員所輸入的工作時限與專案知識樣本內預設的工作時限作比對,以調整新專案中每個工作項目的工作時限。It is worth mentioning that the project knowledge samples stored in the project knowledge sample database 170 can be exported to other text format files, such as eXtensible Markup Language (XML) files, for other projects. Management system use. Moreover, when using the project knowledge sample stored in the project knowledge sample database 170 to create a new project, for example, the work time limit input by the project manager can be compared with the preset work time limit in the project knowledge sample to Adjust the working time limit for each work item in the new project.
綜上所述,上述實施例所述之專案知識樣本的建立方法與系統,在提供儲存預先建立之諸多工作規範的工作規範資料庫後,依據WBS樣本所對應的參照類別,自工作規範資料庫中篩選出WBS樣本所包括之各工作項目所應參照的所有工作規範,進而建立並儲存結合了工作項目與其執行內容的專案知識樣本。將能提供詳細知識資訊的專案知識樣本提供給專案管理人員,不但可以大幅節省建立專案之WBS的時間,同時也可以幫助專案成員在被指派工作項目之後,能根據其相關的執行內容快速進入狀況,以加速專案的進行。In summary, the method and system for establishing a project knowledge sample described in the above embodiments, after providing a work specification database storing a plurality of pre-established work specifications, according to the reference category corresponding to the WBS sample, the self-work specification database It selects all the work specifications that should be referred to in each work item included in the WBS sample, and then builds and stores a sample of project knowledge that combines the work item and its execution content. Providing a sample of project knowledge that can provide detailed knowledge information to the project management staff can not only save a lot of time in establishing the WBS of the project, but also help the project members to quickly enter the situation according to their relevant execution contents after being assigned to the work item. To speed up the project.
雖然本發明已以實施例揭露如上,然其並非用以限定本發明,任何所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者,在不脫離本發明之精神和範圍內,當可作些許之更動與潤飾,故本發明之保護範圍當視後附之申請專利範圍所界定者為準。Although the present invention has been disclosed in the above embodiments, it is not intended to limit the invention, and any one of ordinary skill in the art can make some modifications and refinements without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the scope of the appended claims.
100...專案知識樣本建立系統100. . . Project knowledge sample establishment system
110...WBS樣本資料庫110. . . WBS sample database
120...工作規範資料庫120. . . Work specification database
130...選取單元130. . . Selection unit
140...搜尋單元140. . . Search unit
150...整合單元150. . . Integrated unit
160...工作規範資料庫管理單元160. . . Work specification database management unit
170...專案知識樣本資料庫170. . . Project knowledge sample database
S201~S205...本發明之一實施例所述之專案知識樣本的建立方法的各步驟S201~S205. . . Each step of the method for establishing a project knowledge sample according to an embodiment of the present invention
S301~S304...本發明之一實施例所述之定義一個工作規範的各步驟S301~S304. . . Each step of defining a work specification as described in an embodiment of the present invention
S401~S412...本發明之另一實施例所述之專案知識樣本的建立方法的各步驟S401~S412. . . Each step of the method for establishing a project knowledge sample according to another embodiment of the present invention
圖1是依照本發明之一實施例所繪示之專案知識樣本建立系統的方塊圖。FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a project knowledge sample establishing system according to an embodiment of the invention.
圖2是依照本發明之一實施例所繪示之專案知識樣本的建立方法的流程圖。2 is a flow chart of a method for establishing a project knowledge sample according to an embodiment of the invention.
圖3是圖2之定義一個工作規範之步驟的流程圖。Figure 3 is a flow chart of the steps of Figure 2 defining a working specification.
圖4是依照本發明之另一實施例所繪示之專案知識樣本的建立方法的流程圖。4 is a flow chart of a method for establishing a project knowledge sample according to another embodiment of the present invention.
S201~S205...本發明之一實施例所述之專案知識樣本的建立方法的各步驟S201~S205. . . Each step of the method for establishing a project knowledge sample according to an embodiment of the present invention
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