TWI481723B - Lanzenhalter mit mehrtoleranzen-spannkopf - Google Patents

Description

Rod shaft holder with multi-tolerance chuck

The present invention relates to a shaft retainer for use in a shaft tube for use in the metallurgical industry and the steel industry, the shaft holder having a collet having a fixing portion and a clamping portion, the collet being provided There is a sealing sleeve that clamps and seals the introduced shaft tube by a fixing portion.

The shaft retainer having a collet and a slag stop insurance and a reverse flame insurance function to properly hold the shaft tube required for refining, and on the other hand, for example, when the blast process is finished or interrupted To prevent the slag from flowing back to the oxygen port. According to German Patent No. DE 23 27 595 C, a plate for allowing gas to pass is provided in front of the oxygen tube, which is made of sintered metal and prevents slag from flowing back. The mechanical barrier to prevent slag backflow does not meet all of the requirements, especially when a large amount of oxygen is required to pass, because the sintered metal sheet inherently causes difficulties. At this time, the front valve also provides a function of preventing the slag from flowing back. The operation method is that when the slag is returned and the seal of the device is burned, the front valve is closed. The shaft tube is inserted into the shaft holder and clamped via a collet and a clamp in the collet. The inserted shaft tube can be fixed in the shaft holder through the clamp via the jaws that affect the clamp. A sealing sleeve is disposed behind the clamp, deformed by the inserted shaft tube, and is closely attached to the outer side of the shaft tube after deformation. The close contact caused by the deformation of the sealing sleeve has the disadvantage that the sealing sleeve is heated on the shaft tube, and when the clamp is opened, the rest of the shaft tube is difficult to be removed by the sealing sleeve, or Can only be removed with a sealing sleeve. This problem and the special design of the clamp itself present disadvantages in that the shaft retainers must fit very accurately the diameter of the shaft tube that needs to be inserted and retained in terms of its diameter. At present, the shaft retainer in use is not only capable of accommodating and fixing the inch size of the pipe member, but also accommodating the shaft tube of the metric size. Therefore, only very small tolerances can be tolerated, and the clamps and the clamps are allowed. The sleeve is activated and its tolerance is mostly in the range of 0.2 mm. Since the shaft tube is a consumable item, the industry is forced to purchase both the inch pipe diameter and the metric pipe diameter, which puts the practitioners in a difficult position because the general practitioner's code only purchases a few pipe diameters. Shaft retainer. If the diameter of the insertion is too small or too large, it will cause damage and public security accidents during operation, and damage the components important to the fixing and sealing of the shaft retainer, so that the shaft retainer loses its function. Since the shaft tube sends oxygen into the melt, the shaft tube must generally be bent when oxygen is supplied, especially when the rod tube slides out, or when other problems occur in the liquid steel, the operator will be endangered. Even if the operator has proper clothing and helmet protection, it is still in danger of losing liquid steel, and injury and safety problems may occur repeatedly.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a shaft retainer that can accommodate a variety of shaft tube sizes, which can accommodate a shaft tube of the largest size at the same time, and that is completely safe and easy to operate.

In the present invention, the object is achieved by the fact that the fixing portion for accommodating the inserted shaft tube has an expansion slope, and the pressure member is distributed and guided on the circumference of the expansion slope. The longitudinal axis of the shaft tube slides at a right angle, and the pressure element is designed and mounted to be affected by the clamping portion, the clamping portion having a pressure ramp corresponding to the expansion ramp.

By means of the shaft holder thus designed, the clamping portion can be pushed onto the fixing portion when the chuck or the clamping portion is mainly used, and the pressure member can be precisely fixed, and the inserted portion can be accurately and properly inserted. Rod shaft tube. Unload the sealing sleeve at the same time. In order to ensure that the inserted shaft tube is only deliberately touched by the clamping portion, it will be disengaged from the clamping portion. During the entire operation of the shaft tube, it is properly fixed and further prevented by the further measures described later in this specification to prevent the sealing sleeve from being heated and equipped with a diameter which allows for different sizes of shafts. The tube is used. Different The accommodation range of the rod shaft diameter is limited by the expansion ramp and the corresponding clamping portion, but is sufficient to cause a significant reduction in the shaft holder volume. The tolerance range is between 0.5 and 3.00 mm in the design of the present invention, which is increased by the configuration of the shaft retainer. Currently, many shaft holders are required for the shaft tube in use to accommodate various shaft tube sizes, and the present invention reduces the number of required shaft holders, if necessary, to 6 to 7. It is achieved by the fact that when the rod tube to which the rod shaft holder is applied is inserted, the movable pressure element acts immediately and functions, even if the circumference of the rod tube is small, it can be effectively fixed because The movable pressure element acts only after a suitable distance has been slid and the rod tube is fixed.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, all of the pressure elements are designed and mounted to act under pressure ramps and are movable simultaneously and in the same shape against the outer wall of the shaft tube. When the shaft tubes of the rods are moved, the shaft tube of the smallest diameter does not suffer from skewing or other problems, because the pressure members are shaped and loaded at the same time, and are pressed against the outer wall of the shaft tube.

In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the pressure element is designed to apply a point and/or linear load pressure to the outer wall. The pressure elements used are not pressed into the shaft tube in a planar manner, but are in the form of dots or lines, thus producing a high and predetermined pressure and load pressure.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the pressure element is designed in the form of a ball which is capable of producing said point-like load pressure for optimally fixing the shaft tube, which is usually composed of carbon steel, for example ST 37 steel, and the balls are made of hardened material for a very high service life.

If the three balls are arranged and guided in an average distribution along the circumference, as a pressure element on the expansion slope of the fixing portion, the rod shaft tube can be particularly uniformly and properly fixed in the shaft holder. Advantageously, a bore is provided on the expansion ramp, and each of the balls can be pressed against the surface of the shaft tube via the borehole, more precisely, the ball system The clamping portion that is pushed up and moved in is pressed against the surface of the shaft tube by its pressure bevel. As mentioned above, the clamping portion has a corresponding pressure bevel for this purpose, which develops uniformly so that all three balls move simultaneously into the bore tube of the inserted rod and are properly held and fixed.

In order to prevent the sealing sleeve from being cauterized when it abuts against the inserted shaft tube, the deformation of the sealing sleeve in the longitudinal direction is abandoned, that is, the length of the sealing sleeve is shortened in the longitudinal direction. When the shaft tube has a large tolerance, the deformation requires a large force to occur. It does not occur in the present invention. In the present invention, the fixing portion has a slippable journal wedge on the opposite side of the expansion ramp, the journal wedge being located between the outer wall of the sealing sleeve and the surrounding protective casing. The journal wedge acts on the sealing sleeve to ensure sufficient sealing of the sealing sleeve when it contacts the outer wall of the shaft tube and to ensure a proper seal, without length deformation in the longitudinal direction. To this end, the journal wedge is displaced longitudinally and the sealing sleeve is pressed against the outer wall of the shaft tube as intended. Only when the fixing portion together with the journal wedge is relaxed and retracted, the sealing sleeve releases the pressure, restores the original shape, and is released from the root of the shaft tube, so that the shaft tube can be taken out by the shaft holder without difficulty. . This type of uniform press on the shaft tube has the additional advantage that continuous planar contact can be produced which is difficult to achieve on the length of the seal sleeve.

The sliding of the clamping portion on the fixing portion is achieved by the clamping portion of the collet having a clamping sleeve which accommodates the clamping portion and can protect the casing Move on an external thread. This makes it possible to push the clamping portion onto the fixing portion with only a small force and to press the ball against the wall of the shaft tube. This process can be performed by simply rotating the clamping sleeve, which is very easy due to the roughening of the handle surface and the like.

The smoothing of the insertion process is achieved by providing a ball bearing between the head wall of the clamping portion and the clamping wall of the clamping sleeve. The ball bearing between the clamping sleeve and the clamping portion reduces the friction occurring during the clamping process, so that the clamping process does not need to be too It can be done with effort.

The rod tube must be long enough to pass through the sealing sleeve into the rod holder. In order to ensure the passage, a blocking valve is arranged between the sealing sleeve and a counter-fire protection, the blocking valve having a stop, which significantly limits the importability. The shaft tube is inserted all the way into the stop, allowing the airflow to be freely opened during clamping. After the rod tube is inserted into the rod holder, the rod tube must be inserted deep enough to create a positive seal through the sealing sleeve before operation can begin. Open the block valve at the same time. Via the shaft tube, the block valve remains open until the shaft tube is removed or must be removed and then automatically returned to the closed position via a spring.

For the insurance of the integral shaft retainer, a check valve opened by the air flow is additionally provided on the opposite side of the reverse flame insurance. This setting ensures that the airflow has the required pressure when it reaches the shaft retainer, and when the pressure drops too much, the airflow is automatically blocked. The accuracy and proper operation of the shaft retainer is thus guaranteed.

In order to be able to separately install and repair the components mounted behind the shaft retainer, the invention additionally proposes that the back flame insurance together with the valve is associated with a fuse casing, the fuse casing being releasably protected The casing is connected. Preferably, the two housings are connected to each other in a screwed manner.

As previously mentioned in the specification, the required construction volume figures are significantly reduced by the spindle holder of the present invention. According to the design of the present invention, the fixing portion, the clamping portion and the sealing sleeve can tolerate the tube tolerance of the group size, in the metric range, 3 to 4 mm, and the inch diameter can be tolerated. As described earlier herein, it is sufficient to have a total of approximately seven retainer sizes, and it is currently necessary to consider more than 15 retainer sizes to achieve a safe operation of the one-shaft retainer. Use this new rod tube to secure your work.

The invention is characterized in particular by the provision of a shaft holder which is suitable for use in the metallurgical industry and the steel industry, and which prevents an operator from accidentally touching or erroneously operating the shaft holder. Risk of danger and danger from rod diameters that are out of range. On the one hand, the inserted shaft tube is optimally fixed in the shaft holder, while ensuring that the shaft tube is always inserted into the shaft holder at a sufficient depth during operation, that is, inserted into The stop is where it is. When the block is reached, and before the clamping, the blocking valve that blocks the flow of the gas is opened, and the gas can be poured into the shaft tube that has been fixed and sealed in the rod holder by the rod holder. The seal required for the shaft tube is no longer achieved by a sealing sleeve which is longitudinally deformed, but is achieved by the sealing sleeve being uniformly and properly pressed against the shaft tube by a journal wedge. It allows a sealed sleeve having a larger diameter to be put into use, the larger diameter of which can be larger than the outer diameter of the shaft tube. The design achieved by the collet has a pressure element that is movable at right angles to the longitudinal axis, the pressure element ensuring the application of predominantly point pressure in the form of balls while achieving optimum retention of the shaft tube within the shaft holder. This design ensures that the rod shaft tube does not rotate in the rod shaft holder. The rod shaft tube is fixed by the chuck and the sealing sleeve, but is also secured by the chuck, and any adverse effects on the shaft tube fixing are excluded. . Even if the concealed shaft tube is properly maintained, sufficient holding force can always be applied by the point or line fixing of the rod shaft tube in the rod holder. By proper labeling, it is easy for the operator to visually discern, or it is easy to discriminate which tube diameter the respective shaft holder is suitable for. Therefore, various dangers can be avoided.

Figure 1 shows a side view of a shaft holder 1. A rod tube 2 is inserted into the inside of the clamping sleeve 25 from the front. The clamping sleeve 25 and the collet 3 comprise a fixing portion 4 and a clamping portion 5 which are not shown. The fixing portion and the clamping portion cooperate with the sealing sleeve 6 and are housed inside the chuck 3 designed to protect the casing 9. The required valves are received in the associated fuse housing 10, which will be described later herein. A rotary valve 11 is screwed to the fuse housing 10, and has a manufacturing label 40.

The shaft holder 1 of Fig. 1 is again shown in cross section in Fig. 2. In the picture It is seen that the rod shaft tube 2 passes through the chuck 3 and is inserted deep into the rod shaft holder 1. The sealing sleeve 6 described above is pressed against the wall 18 of the shaft tube 2 via a journal wedge 22 to produce a complete seal. The journal wedge 22 is formed on the opposite side 21 of the fixed portion 4 of the expansion ramp 14. When the collet 3 and the clamping sleeve 25 are triggered, the journal wedge 22 is pressed between the outer wall 23 of the sealing sleeve 6 and the protective casing 9, so that the sealing sleeve 6 is thus deformed and contacts the wall 18.

The opposite side 21 of the fixing portion 4 is responsible for pressing the sealing sleeve 6 against the wall 18 to deform it, and the front side of the fixing portion 4 has an expanding bevel 14 on which the pressure element 16 is provided, the pressure element facing the shaft tube The longitudinal axis 15 of 2 is at right angles and is movable. The pressure element 16 is influenced by the pressure ramp 17 of the clamping portion 5 which slides onto the expansion ramp 14 of the corresponding design when the clamping sleeve 25 and the collet 3 rotate. The pressure element 16 is designed as a ball 20. As can be seen from Figures 2 and 3, the ball 20 is directly pressed against the wall 18, ensuring that the shaft tube is properly secured. The three balls 20, 20' are dispersedly disposed on the circumference, and the three balls are simultaneously and identically shaped by the pressure slope 17. In order to make the operation process as identical as possible, that is to say that the clamping portion 5 is displaced by the clamping sleeve 25, between the head wall 28 of the clamping portion 5 and the clamping sleeve 25 or the clamping wall 29 of the collet 3 A ball of a ball bearing 30 is mounted. This reduces the friction and can be applied to the pressure element 16 and the ball 20 evenly and simultaneously by applying the required force to the external thread 27 on the casing 9 and the internal thread 26 of the clamping sleeve 25.

After the rod shaft tube 2 is inserted into the rod shaft holder 1, the shutoff valve 32 provided between the seal sleeve 6 and the reverse flame insurance 7 is opened. At this time, the outer walls 8 and 23 of the sealing sleeve 6 are not yet subjected to the biasing force of the journal wedge 22, so that the shaft tube 2 can be easily inserted into a proper depth. Upon arrival of the stop 33, as illustrated, the block valve 32 moves deeper against a spring force, at which point gas can be introduced into the shaft holder 1, although prior to this, fixing measures must be performed. Thereafter, the air flow 34 is open and unobstructed, and the air flow opens the check valve 36 mounted on the opposite side 35 toward the back flame insurance 7. Opening the check valve must be triggered beforehand. Not shown in the figure. Open and block valves.

Figure 3 shows the shaft holder 1 with the shaft tube 2, the smallest diameter of which is in the working position, i.e. the check valve 36 can now be opened by the gas stream 34 for gas to pass. Figure 3 clearly shows that the pressure element 16 arranged in the form of a ball 20 has the advantage that it is very suitable for applying a point pressure on the shaft tube 2 and properly fixing it.

Figure 4 shows a shaft holder 1 having an inserted shaft tube 2 having a diameter that is the largest that can be accommodated by a shaft holder of this type, i.e., 17.5 mm. As is clear from Figure 2, the special shape of the sealing sleeve 6 allows such a significantly larger diameter to still provide a proper seal. The journal wedge 22 is then further expanded to achieve the purpose of sealing, during which the ball 20 has been fixed, although the pressure ramp 17 is still very small. In contrast, it can be seen in the display of FIG. 2 that the ball 20 reaches the proper position on the wall 18 only after the pressure bevel 17 of the clamping portion 5 is more deeply penetrated.

In the position shown in Figure 4, the check valve 36 can be opened by opening the gas passage, allowing the airflow 34 to pass through the shaft retainer 1 and into the shaft tube 2.

Finally, Figure 5 shows a cross-sectional view of a shaft holder 1, which is in a relaxed state, in which no rod tube 2 has been inserted.

The blocking valve 32 is held in the blocking position by the associated spring, and the stop 33 is influenced by the inserted shaft tube 2 and is pushed back. When the rod shaft tube 2 is inserted, it passes through the introduction passage 37 to reach the stopper 33, and the integral member is deepened until the blocking valve 32 is opened.

As can be seen in Figure 5, the ball 20 is mounted in the bore 38 and is movable perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 15 of the shaft tube 2. Through these special designs, the inserted shaft tube 2 can be accurately fixed, and even if the rod shaft has the diameter as shown in FIG. 4 or FIG. 2, it can be accurately fixed. For rod-shaft tubes with larger diameter differences, it is necessary to use a correspondingly designed rod-shaft holder. As explained earlier herein, the rod-shaft holder of the present invention is mainly advantageous in that the pipe diameter tolerance can be properly handled to 3 to 4 mm.

A further advantage is that oxygen and gas can only flow if the rod shaft tube 2 is inserted into the rod shaft holder 1 to the depth of the stopper 33. The shaft retainer 1 generally has a significantly smaller weight and a very tight construction. The chuck 3 is hardened and has a long service life. The other advantage is that the shaft retainer 1 is easy to install and disassemble, and is very suitable for use in steel plants or in the metallurgical industry.

1‧‧‧ shaft retainer

2‧‧‧ rod tube

3‧‧‧ chuck

4‧‧‧ Fixed Department

5‧‧‧Clamping Department

6‧‧‧Seal sleeve

7‧‧‧Reverse Flame Insurance

8‧‧6 outer wall

9‧‧3 protective case

10‧‧7 insurance case

11‧‧‧Rotary valve

Expansion slope of 14‧‧4

Vertical axis of 15‧‧2

16‧‧‧ Pressure components

Pressure slope of 17‧‧5

Wall of 18‧‧‧2

20‧‧‧Roll=16

Opposite side of 21‧‧4

22‧‧‧4 journal wedge

23‧‧6 outer wall

Clamping sleeve of 25‧‧3

Thread within 26‧‧25

27‧‧‧9 external thread

Head wall of 28‧‧‧5

Clamping wall of 29‧‧25

30‧‧‧Ball bearings

Blocking valve between 32‧‧6-6

33‧‧‧2 block

34‧‧‧ airflow

35‧‧‧ facing the opposite side of 7

36‧‧‧ check valve

37‧‧‧2 introduction channel

Drilling in 38‧‧4 (guide)

40‧‧‧Manufacture of trademarks

Further details and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; The figure shows a side view of a rod holder with a forming rotary valve, and a sectional view of a rod holder having a tube with a diameter of 13.2 mm, Fig. 3 A perspective view of the shaft retainer shown in the figure, a cross-sectional view of the rod holder having a clamped tube having an outer circumference of 17.5 mm, and a rod shaft in the relaxed state of the shaftless shaft tube Retainer profile.

2‧‧‧ rod tube

3‧‧‧ chuck

4‧‧‧ Fixed Department

5‧‧‧Clamping Department

6‧‧‧Seal sleeve

7‧‧‧Reverse Flame Insurance

8‧‧6 outer wall

9‧‧3 protective case

10‧‧7 insurance case

Expansion slope of 14‧‧4

Vertical axis of 15‧‧2

16‧‧‧ Pressure components

Pressure slope of 17‧‧5

Wall of 18‧‧‧2

20‧‧‧Roll=16

Opposite side of 21‧‧4

22‧‧‧4 journal wedge

23‧‧6 outer wall

Clamping sleeve of 25‧‧3

Thread within 26‧‧25

27‧‧‧9 external thread

Head wall of 28‧‧‧5

Clamping wall of 29‧‧25

30‧‧‧Ball bearings

Blocking valve between 32‧‧6-6

33‧‧‧2 block

34‧‧‧ airflow

35‧‧‧ facing the opposite side of 7

36‧‧‧ check valve

Claims (12)

A shaft retainer for a shaft tube (2) for use in the metallurgical industry and the steel industry, having a collet (3) having a fixing portion (4) and a clamping portion (5), The collet is provided with a sealing sleeve (6) which clamps and seals the introduced rod shaft tube (2) by means of a fixing portion (4), which comprises the fixing of the inserted rod shaft tube (2) The portion (4) is provided with an expansion bevel (14), and the clamping portion (5) has a pressure bevel (17) corresponding to the expansion bevel (14), characterized in that the expansion bevel (14) The pressure element (16) is dispersedly guided on the circumference, and the pressure element (16) is movable at right angles to the longitudinal axis (15) of the shaft tube (2), and is designed in an influential manner by its fixing portion. And a clamping portion (5) having a pressure bevel (17) is mounted. A shaft retainer according to the first aspect of the invention, characterized in that the pressure element (16) is all designed and mounted so as to be able to simultaneously and against the shaft tube (2) via the pressure bevel (17). Move on the wall (18). A shaft retainer according to claim 2, characterized in that the pressure element (16) is designed to exert a point and/or linear load pressure on the wall (18). A shaft holder according to the first aspect of the invention, characterized in that the pressure element (16) is designed as a ball (20). A shaft retainer according to claim 4, characterized in that three uniformly distributed balls (20, 20') are arranged along the circumference of the expansion inclined surface (14) of the fixing portion (4). As a pressure element (16). A shaft retainer according to claim 5, characterized in that the fixing portion (4) has a movable journal wedge (22) on the opposite side (21) of the expansion ramp (14), the shaft The neck wedge is located between the outer wall (23) of the sealing sleeve (6) and the surrounding protective casing (9). A shaft retainer according to claim 1, wherein the clamping portion (5) of the collet (3) has a clamping sleeve (25), the clamping sleeve (25) The clamping portion (5) is housed and designed to move over the external thread (27) of one of the casings (9). A shaft retainer according to claim 7 is characterized in that it is disposed between the head wall (28) of the clamping portion (5) and the clamping wall (29) of the clamping sleeve (25). Set a ball bearing (30). A shaft retainer according to claim 1, characterized in that a blocking valve (32) is installed between the sealing sleeve (6) and a counter-fire protection (7), and is inserted into the block. The rod tube (2) of the block (33) can influence and open the blocking valve to freely flow the airflow (34). A shaft retainer according to claim 9 is characterized in that a check valve (36) is provided on the opposite side (35) of the reverse flame insurance (7), and the check valve can be airflowed (34) turn on. The shaft retainer according to claim 9 is characterized in that the reverse flame insurance (7) and the valve (32, 36) are associated with a fuse casing (10), the fuse casing (10) and The protective casing (9) is connected in a detachable manner. A shaft retainer according to the first aspect of the invention, characterized in that the fixing portion (4), the clamping portion (5) and the sealing sleeve (6) are designed to have a tube tolerance which allows group size, In the metric system, it is 3 to 4 mm and can also accommodate inch pipe diameters.