TWI480652B - 液晶顯示器 - Google Patents
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- TWI480652B TWI480652B TW101146805A TW101146805A TWI480652B TW I480652 B TWI480652 B TW I480652B TW 101146805 A TW101146805 A TW 101146805A TW 101146805 A TW101146805 A TW 101146805A TW I480652 B TWI480652 B TW I480652B
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- C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
- C09K19/32—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing condensed ring systems, i.e. fused, bridged or spiro ring systems
- C09K19/322—Compounds containing a naphthalene ring or a completely or partially hydrogenated naphthalene ring
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- C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
- C09K19/34—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least one heterocyclic ring
- C09K19/3402—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least one heterocyclic ring having oxygen as hetero atom
- C09K19/3405—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least one heterocyclic ring having oxygen as hetero atom the heterocyclic ring being a five-membered ring
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- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1347—Arrangement of liquid crystal layers or cells in which the final condition of one light beam is achieved by the addition of the effects of two or more layers or cells
- G02F1/13478—Arrangement of liquid crystal layers or cells in which the final condition of one light beam is achieved by the addition of the effects of two or more layers or cells based on selective reflection
Description
本揭露係有關於一種液晶顯示器,特別是有關於一種低色差之液晶顯示器。
膽固醇液晶顯示器為反射式顯示器,不需背光源,以塑膠作為基板,取代傳統玻璃基板,符合輕薄、可撓、可捲等軟性顯示器之應用需求,可應用在電子標籤、電子書、智慧卡、平面顯示器、大型廣告看板及手寫電腦等眾多方面。且顯示介質具有記憶特性,於顯示靜態畫面時不耗電,僅於更新畫面時才耗電,與傳統液晶顯示器相較,耗電量大為降低。
通常膽固醇液晶是藉由在向列型液晶主體中添加旋光添加物(chiral dopant)而形成,具有反射左旋光或右旋光的特性,當光線進入具有反射左旋光特性的膽固醇液晶時,相同旋性的左旋光會被反射,而另一旋性的右旋光則會穿透膽固醇液晶。
綜上所述,膽固醇液晶顯示器相關的研究具有相當的重要性。
本揭露之一實施例,提供一種液晶顯示器,包括:一上基板;一下基板,與該上基板相對設置;以及一液晶層,設置於該上基板與該下基板之間,其中該液晶層包括一第
一旋光化合物與一第二旋光化合物,該第一旋光化合物與該第二旋光化合物互為鏡像且彼此分離。
在一實施例中,該第一旋光化合物形成一第一旋光液晶層,該第二旋光化合物形成一第二旋光液晶層,且該第一旋光液晶層堆疊於該第二旋光液晶層上。
為讓本揭露之上述目的、特徵及優點能更明顯易懂,下文特舉一較佳實施例,作詳細說明如下:
本揭露之一實施例,提供一種液晶顯示器,包括:一上基板,一下基板,與上基板相對設置,以及一液晶層,設置於上基板與下基板之間。上述液晶層包括一第一旋光化合物與一第二旋光化合物,值得注意的是,第一旋光化合物與第二旋光化合物互為鏡像(enantiomeric)且彼此分離。
在一實施例中,上述第一旋光化合物與第二旋光化合物可具有下列化學式:
此化學式中,A可為苯撐基、萘撐基(naphthalene)、吡啶撐基(pyridine)、呋喃撐基(furan)、噻吩撐基(thiophene)或單鍵;D可為苯撐基、萘撐基、吡啶撐基、呋喃撐基、噻吩撐基或單鍵;R1
、R2
可各自獨立為碳數1~10之烷基、碳數1~10之烷氧基、氟或三氟甲基;E可為苯撐基、萘撐基、吡啶撐基、呋喃撐基、噻吩撐基或單鍵;W可為-CO-O-、-O-CO-、-O-、-CH2
-CH2
-、-CH=CH-、-CH2
-O-、-O-CH2
-或單鍵;Z可為苯撐基、萘撐基、吡啶撐基、呋喃撐基、噻吩撐基或單鍵;Y可為氫、甲基、乙基或丙基;m可為0、1或2;p可為0、1或2;r可為0、1或2;q可為0、1或2;以及n可為0、1、2或3。
在另一實施例中,上述第一旋光化合物與第二旋光化合物可具有下列化學式:
此化學式中,A可為苯撐基、萘撐基、吡啶撐基、呋喃撐基、噻吩撐基或單鍵;Y可為-CO-O-、-O-CO-、-O-、-CH2
-CH2
-、-CH=CH-、-CH2
-O-、-O-CH2
-或單鍵;D可為苯撐基、萘撐基、吡啶撐基、呋喃撐基、噻吩撐基或單鍵;R3
、R4
可各自獨立為碳數1~10之烷基、碳數1~10之烷氧基、氟或三氟甲基;E可為苯撐基、萘撐基、吡啶撐基、呋喃撐基、噻吩撐基或單鍵;W可為-CO-O-、-O-CO-、-O-、-CH2
-CH2
-、-CH=CH-、-CH2
-O-、-O-CH2
-或單鍵;Z可為苯撐基、萘撐基、吡啶撐基、呋喃撐基、噻吩撐基或單鍵;m可為0、1或2;p可為0、1或2;r可為0、1或2;以及q可為0、1或2。
在一實施例中,上述第一旋光化合物形成一第一旋光液晶層,上述第二旋光化合物形成一第二旋光液晶層,且第一旋光液晶層堆疊於第二旋光液晶層上。
在另一實施例中,使用一材料包覆上述第一旋光化合物與一液晶主體,形成複數個第一旋光液晶微胞,使用一材料包覆上述第二旋光化合物與一液晶主體,形成複數個第二旋光液晶微胞。在一實施例中,第一旋光液晶微胞與
第二旋光液晶微胞分置兩層。在另一實施例中,第一旋光液晶微胞與第二旋光液晶微胞可彼此混合不分層。上述包覆第一旋光化合物與第二旋光化合物的材料可包括凝膠、聚氨酯、聚乙烯醇、環氧樹酯或壓克力樹酯等材料。
在一實施例中,旋光液晶微胞的製作方法包括下列步驟。將液晶主體與旋光添加物(第一或第二旋光化合物)混合,再混入水溶性之凝膠物質(Gelatin)中,形成為直徑約8~10μm之第一或第二旋光液晶微胞,使其均勻分散,再將此含有第一或第二旋光液晶微胞之混合物塗佈於基板上,亁固後形成液晶層。在另一實施例中,第一旋光液晶微胞與第二旋光液晶微胞彼此混合,使其均勻分散於液晶層中。
本揭露添加於液晶主體(host)中作為旋光添加物(chiral dopant)的第一旋光化合物與第二旋光化合物具有不同旋光性(chirality),且互為鏡像異構物(enantiomer)。在一實施例中,將分別含有上述第一旋光化合物與第二旋光化合物之膽固醇液晶層上下堆疊,以照光(光源例如為紫外光)定色製作畫素時,確實可有效解決不同旋性膽固醇液晶層堆疊時所造成彼此的色差問題。
首先,將六支作為旋光添加物(chiral dopant)的旋光化
合物(例如(-)-R1、(+)-S1、(-)-(R,R)、(+)-(R,S)、(-)-R2、(+)-S2)分別配置到向列型液晶主體(IBL-087,Merck公司產品)中,以調配膽固醇液晶。反射波長皆調整至555nm(綠色)。之後,將上述調配好的膽固醇液晶設置在兩片透明基板之間,並利用紫外光/可見光光譜儀(UV/Visible spectrometer)(JASCO V-550)進行單層膽固醇液晶層反射波長的量測。每隔10秒照一次UV光(波長:365nm,功率:4mW/cm2
),照完光後量其反射波長,直到反射波長大於650nm,也就是變成紅色為止,結果如第1圖所示。第1圖顯示液晶顯示器(單層膽固醇液晶層)反射波長隨照光時間之變化。上述旋光化合物(例如(-)-R1、(+)-S1、(-)-(R,R)、(+)-(R,S)、(-)-R2、(+)-S2)的結構如下表1:
首先,將六支作為旋光添加物(chiral dopant)的旋光化合物(例如(-)-R1、(+)-S1、(-)-(R,R)、(+)-(R,S)、(-)-R2、(+)-S2)分別配置到向列型液晶主體(IBL-087,Merck公司產品)中,以調配膽固醇液晶。反射波長皆調整至555nm(綠色)。之後,將不同旋性旋光添加物的膽固醇液晶層堆疊(例如
(-)-R1與(+)-S1堆疊、(-)-(R,R)與(+)-(R,S)堆疊、(-)-R2與(+)-S2堆疊)形成雙層膽固醇液晶層設置在兩片透明基板之間,並利用紫外光/可見光光譜儀(UV/Visible spectrometer)(JASCO V-550)進行雙層膽固醇液晶層反射波長的量測。每隔30秒照一次UV光(波長:365nm,功率:4mW/cm2
),照完光後量其反射波長,直到雙層膽固醇液晶層其中之一反射波長大於650nm,也就是變成紅色為止。各雙層膽固醇液晶層中,不同旋性旋光添加物的膽固醇液晶層,之間可以有一隔離板(本實施例採用玻璃隔離板)。最後,分別量測單層膽固醇液晶層的反射波長,結果如表2所示。表2顯示液晶顯示器(雙層膽固醇液晶層)反射波長隨照光時間之變化。
由表2可看出,當本揭露左、右旋膽固醇液晶層(例如(-)-R1與(+)-S1、(-)-R2與(+)-S2)堆疊後進行照光定色時,
該等左、右旋膽固醇液晶層間反射波長的差異相當微小(均相差10nm以內),依此結果可證明本揭露由鏡像異構物(enantiomer)堆疊所形成的膽固醇液晶層,其膽固醇液晶層間並無色差問題,而(-)-(R,R)與(+)-(R,S)分子雖有左、右旋之分,然,該(-)-(R,R)與(+)-(R,S)分子卻互為非鏡像異構物(diastereomer),而非如本揭露的鏡像異構物(enantiomer),致膽固醇液晶層間反射波長的差異巨大(相差達100nm以上),造成嚴重色差。
首先,利用Autronics DMS-803儀器量測單層膽固醇液晶層(例如(+)-S1、(+)-(R,S)、(+)-S2)其反射率隨電壓的變化。將膽固醇液晶層注入液晶盒內,使用全波長光源照射膽固醇液晶層,對膽固醇液晶層施加電壓後關閉,量測各施加電壓所對應之反射率。之後,利用Autronics DMS-803儀器再次量測雙層不同旋性膽固醇液晶堆疊層(例如(-)-R1與(+)-S1堆疊、(-)-(R,R)與(+)-(R,S)堆疊、(-)-R2與(+)-S2堆疊)其反射率隨電壓的變化,結果如第2~4圖所示。第2~4圖顯示液晶顯示器(單/雙層膽固醇液晶層)反射率隨電壓之變化。
由第2~4圖可看出,實施例之雙層膽固醇液晶堆疊層((-)-R1與(+)-S1堆疊)其反射率較單層膽固醇液晶層((+)-S1)
提升達1.7倍,然,由(-)-(R,R)與(+)-(R,S)分子所堆疊的雙層膽固醇液晶層其反射率僅較單層膽固醇液晶層((+)-(R,S))提升約1.5倍。實施例中由鏡像異構物(enantiomer)堆疊而成的膽固醇液晶層適合用於膽固醇液晶顯示器上,並可提高反射率。
雖然本揭露已以較佳實施例揭露如上,然其並非用以限定本揭露,任何熟習此項技藝者,在不脫離本揭露之精神和範圍內,當可作更動與潤飾,因此,本揭露之保護範圍當視後附之申請專利範圍所界定者為準。
第1圖為液晶顯示器(單層膽固醇液晶層)反射波長隨照光時間之變化;第2圖為液晶顯示器(單/雙層膽固醇液晶層)反射率隨電壓之變化;第3圖為液晶顯示器(單/雙層膽固醇液晶層)反射率隨電壓之變化;第4圖為液晶顯示器(單/雙層膽固醇液晶層)反射率隨電壓之變化。
Claims (5)
- 一種液晶顯示器,包括:一上基板;一下基板,與該上基板相對設置;以及一液晶層,設置於該上基板與該下基板之間,其中該液晶層包括一第一旋光化合物與一第二旋光化合物,該第一旋光化合物與該第二旋光化合物互為鏡像,其中該第一旋光化合物與該第二旋光化合物分別為一材料所包覆,形成複數個第一旋光液晶微胞與複數個第二旋光液晶微胞或該第一旋光化合物與該第二旋光化合物之間設置有一隔離板使得該第一旋光化合物與該第二旋光化合物彼此分離,其中該第一旋光化合物與該第二旋光化合物具有下列化學式:
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之液晶顯示器,其中該第一旋光化合物形成一第一旋光液晶層,該第二旋光化合物形成一第二旋光液晶層。
- 如申請專利範圍第2項所述之液晶顯示器,其中該第一旋光液晶層堆疊於該第二旋光液晶層上。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之液晶顯示器,其中該第一旋光化合物與該第二旋光化合物分別為一材料所包覆,形成複數個含有該第一旋光化合物之第一旋光液晶微胞與複數個含有該第二旋光化合物之第二旋光液晶微胞。
- 如申請專利範圍第4項所述之液晶顯示器,其中含有該第一旋光化合物之該等第一旋光液晶微胞堆疊於含有該第二旋光化合物之該等第二旋光液晶微胞上。
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CN106662782B (zh) * | 2014-07-17 | 2019-07-26 | 日本化药株式会社 | 液晶密封剂和使用其的液晶显示单元 |
WO2018194157A1 (ja) * | 2017-04-20 | 2018-10-25 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 化合物、液晶組成物、硬化物、光学異方体、及び反射膜 |
CN108415204B (zh) * | 2018-04-28 | 2024-02-13 | 华南师范大学 | 一种多稳态电响应智能窗及其制备方法 |
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CN114573599A (zh) * | 2022-02-24 | 2022-06-03 | 苏州大学 | 光致异构手性分子及其在实现彩色液晶膜图案化中的应用 |
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