TWI474940B - Electric vehicle supply equipment and control method thereof - Google Patents

Description

Electric vehicle power supply device and control method thereof

The invention relates to a control method for an electric vehicle power supply device, in particular to a control method for preventing dangerous failure of an electric vehicle power supply device.

1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art electric vehicle power supply device 100. The electric vehicle power supply device 100 includes a switch 102, a relay 104, a relay controller 106, a controller 108, a current detector 110, and a communication device 112. The relay 104 is used to control the on and off of the switch 102. An input end of the switch 102 is coupled to an AC power source 122. An output end of the switch 102 is coupled to a connector 120 for connection to an electric vehicle. The AC power source 122 can be 110VAC, 220VAC or other common utility power source. The electric vehicle power supply device 100 can communicate with the electric vehicle through the communication device 112. For example, the communication device 112 can use the first control confirmation signal CP and the second control confirmation signal PP in the electric vehicle power supply device communication protocol to confirm that the electric vehicle is in a chargeable state. And the connector 120 is connected to the electric vehicle. Then, the communication device 112 can notify the controller 108 to output a control signal to the relay controller 106, and turn on the relay 104 through the relay controller 106 to turn on the switch 102. After the switch 102 is turned on, the AC power source 122 is output through the switch 102 to the electric vehicle connected to the connector 120 to charge the electric vehicle.

The electric vehicle power supply device 100 uses the current detector 110 as a protection mechanism, that is, if the current output to the electric vehicle exceeds a predetermined value during charging, the controller 108 controls The relay controller 106 is turned off and the switch 102 is turned off to avoid danger. However, if any one of the power elements such as the switch 102, the relay 104, or the relay controller 106 of the electric vehicle power supply device 100 is abnormal, such as an abnormal short circuit, the above protection mechanism cannot provide protection. For example, if the switch 102 has an abnormal short circuit condition, the voltage of the AC power source 122 may be output to the connector 120 before the communication device 112 has confirmed that the electric vehicle is in a chargeable state and the connector 120 has not been connected to the electric vehicle. , the formation of a fail-to-danger situation.

Therefore, power components such as the switch 102 and the relay 104 of the prior art electric vehicle power supply device 100 must use a SIL (safety integrity level) authentication component having a certain level or higher, for example, a component of SIL2 or SIL3 or higher, but meets the certification of this level. The high price of components and the low supply on the market are difficult to obtain. Therefore, how to improve the previous protection mechanism is the focus of the development of electric vehicle power supply devices.

An embodiment of the invention discloses a method of controlling an electric vehicle power supply device. The method includes detecting a voltage at an output of a switch in the electric vehicle power supply device before starting charging an electric vehicle. If the voltage of the output terminal is greater than a first predetermined value, an earth leakage circuit breaker is tripped to turn off the power input to the switch. If the voltage at the output terminal is less than the first predetermined value, the switch is turned on to output power from the output terminal to start charging the electric vehicle. The current of the output terminal is detected. When the current of the output terminal is greater than a second predetermined value, the power supply is turned off to input the switch.

Another embodiment of the present invention discloses an electric vehicle power supply device including a switch, a voltage detector, a first relay, a first relay controller, a second relay, a second relay controller, a controller, and a controller. A current detector and a communication device. The voltage detector is configured to detect a voltage at an output of the switch. The first relay is coupled to the switch for controlling the switch. The first relay controller is coupled to the first relay for controlling the first relay. The second relay is configured to trigger an earth leakage circuit breaker when the voltage of the output terminal is greater than a predetermined value. The second relay controller is coupled to the second relay for controlling the second relay. The controller is coupled to the voltage detector, the first relay controller and the second relay controller for controlling the first relay controller and the second relay controller according to the voltage of the output terminal. The current detector is coupled to the controller for detecting current at the output. The communication device is coupled to the controller for communicating with an electric vehicle.

The single failure of any component in the embodiment provided by the present invention does not pose a danger. Therefore, the power components such as the switch and the relay of the present invention do not need to use components of SIL2 or SIL3 or higher, so that the overall electric vehicle power supply device can be designed. Safety reaches the level of SIL4. This not only saves the cost of purchasing components and the waiting time of the supply, but also further improves the safety of the electric vehicle power supply device, and greatly avoids the danger to the user of the electric vehicle power supply device.

2A is a schematic view showing an electric vehicle power supply device 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The electric vehicle power supply device 200 can include a switch 202, a first relay 204, and a The first relay controller 206, a controller 208, a current detector 210, a communication device 212, a voltage detector 218, a second relay 214, a second relay controller 216, and a temperature detector 220, a third relay 224, a third relay controller 226 and a load 230. Elements other than switch 202 can be disposed on a printed circuit board 250.

The switch 202 of FIG. 2A can be an electromagnetic switch having a coil 2022 that is turned on when current flows through the coil 2022. The switch 202 has an input terminal coupled to an AC power source 242 via an earth leakage breaker 244 and an output terminal coupled to a connector 240. The connector 240 is for connection to an electric vehicle. In this embodiment, the AC power source 242 can be a single-phase mains power source, which can include a line L (Line) and a Neutral line N (Neutral). The first relay 204, the second relay 214, and the third relay 224 may be single pole single throw (SPST) or other types of relays. The first relay 204 and the second relay 214 may be relays having normally open contacts, denoted by the symbol R1_NO and the symbol R2_NO, respectively, and the third relay 224 may be a relay having a normally closed contact. It is represented by the symbol R3_NC. The first relay controller 206, the second relay controller 216, and the third relay controller 226 may be circuits composed of a plurality of power transistors.

The voltage detector 218 is coupled to the controller 208. The third relay 224 can be coupled between the voltage detector 218 and the output of the switch 202 for controlling the connection of the voltage detector 218 to the output of the switch 202. That is, the voltage detector 218 can detect the voltage at the output end of the switch 202 when the third relay 224 is turned on, that is, the detecting connector 240. Voltage. The third relay controller 226 is coupled to the third relay 224 for controlling the third relay 224. The first relay 204 is coupled to the switch 202 for controlling the conduction and the closing of the switch 202, that is, when the first relay 204 is turned on, the current can be passed from the live line L of the alternating current power source 242 to the first relay passing through the coil 2022 of the switch 202. 204 flows to the neutral line N to form a loop to turn on the switch 202. The first relay controller 206 is coupled to the first relay 204 for controlling the first relay 204. The second relay 214 is coupled to the load 230, and when the second relay 214 is turned on, the load 230 can be matched to trigger the leakage circuit breaker 244. The second relay controller 216 is coupled to the second relay 214 for controlling the second relay 214. The controller 208 can be coupled to the first relay controller 206, the second relay controller 216, and the third relay controller 226 for controlling the first relay controller 206, the second relay controller 216, and the third relay controller. 226. The current detector 210 is coupled to the controller 208 for detecting the current at the output of the switch 202, as the current detector 110 of FIG. 1 serves as a protection mechanism. The communication device 212 is coupled to the controller 208 for communicating with the electric vehicle in the same manner as the communication device 112 of FIG. The temperature detector 220 is coupled to the controller 208 for detecting the temperature of the electric vehicle power supply device 200. If the temperature is too high, the operation of the electric vehicle power supply device 200 is stopped. The temperature detector 220 can be disposed within a housing that mounts the printed circuit board.

FIG. 2B is a schematic view showing an electric vehicle power supply device 200 according to another embodiment of the present invention. In the embodiment of FIG. 2B, the AC power source 242 can be a three-phase power source, and can include three-phase fire wires L1, L2, L3 and a neutral line N. The switch 202 of FIG. 2B may be a three-phase electromagnetic switch, and the earth leakage circuit breaker 244 may be a three-phase earth leakage circuit breaker. The remaining circuits are the same as in Figure 2A.

FIG. 2C is a schematic view showing an electric vehicle power supply device 200 according to another embodiment of the present invention. The switch 202 of Figure 2C can be a three-phase solid state relay (SSR). Solid state relays can be used with optical coupling control or other types of solid state relays. The first relay 204 of FIG. 2C does not need to control the switch 202 through the coil 2022, but the control terminal of the solid state relay controls the conduction and closing of the solid state relay. In another embodiment, the switch 202 of Figure 2C can be a single phase solid state relay used in a single phase AC power source 242 as shown in Figure 2A.

Please refer to Figures 2A to 2C and Figure 3. Fig. 3 is a view showing a control method 300 of the electric vehicle power supply device 200 according to all of the above embodiments according to an embodiment of the present invention. Control method 300 can include the following steps.

Step 302: Start; Step 304: Before starting charging the electric vehicle, detecting the voltage of the output end of the switch 202 of the electric vehicle power supply device 200; Step 306: determining whether the voltage at the output end of the switch 202 is greater than a first predetermined value; Step 322 is performed; if not, step 308 is performed; step 308: determining whether to continue detecting the voltage of the output end of the switch 202; if yes, executing step 312; if not, performing step 310; step 310: stopping the detecting switch 202 The voltage at the output end; step 312: charging the electric vehicle; step 314: determining whether the electric vehicle has been charged; if yes, performing step 316; If yes, go to step 312; Step 316: Stop charging the electric vehicle; Step 318: Detect the voltage of the output of the switch 202 and determine whether the voltage of the output of the switch 202 is greater than the first predetermined value; if yes, go to step 322; if not, Step 320: Step 320: The electric vehicle power supply device 200 enters a standby mode (Standby Mode), waits for the next charging of the electric vehicle, and performs step 324; Step 322: trips the leakage circuit breaker 244 to turn off the AC power supply 242 input switch 202, to stop charging the electric vehicle; step 324: end.

In steps 304 and 318, the controller 208 can control the third relay controller 226 to turn on the third relay 224 to establish a connection between the voltage detector 218 and the output of the switch 202 to detect the switch 202 by the voltage detector 218. The voltage at the output. The result of the detection is passed back to controller 208 for subsequent determination steps. In steps 306 and 318, the controller 208 can determine whether the voltage at the output of the switch 202 is greater than a first predetermined value according to the detected result, and the first predetermined value in steps 306 and 318 can be a zero potential, representing the output of the switch 202. There is no voltage output at the end, and the subsequent charging step is performed after the safety situation. In step 308, controller 208 can determine whether to continue detecting the voltage at the output of switch 202. In step 310, the controller 208 can control the third relay controller 226 to turn off the third relay 224 to stop detecting the voltage at the output of the switch 202. In step 312, the controller 208 can control the first relay controller 206 to turn on the first relay 204, and then turn on the switch 202 to make the alternating current The source 242 can charge the electric vehicle via the switch 202 and the connector 240. In step 314, the controller 208 can determine whether the electric vehicle has been fully charged. In step 316, the controller 208 can control the first relay controller 206 to turn off the first relay 204, and then turn off the switch 202, so that the AC power source 242 cannot pass the switch 202 and the connector 240 to stop charging the electric vehicle. In step 322, the controller 208 can control the second relay 214 to turn on the second relay 214. After the second relay 214 is turned on, a current path in series with the load 230 is formed, and the live line L or L1 of the alternating current power source 242 is formed. A loop is formed between any one of L2 and L3 and a ground terminal G, so that leakage current can be intentionally caused between the AC power source 242 and the ground terminal G, and the earth leakage breaker 244 is triggered to cause the earth leakage breaker 244 to trip, thereby enabling The AC power source 242 cannot enter the switch 202, so the output of the switch 202 has no voltage output, which can increase the protection mechanism other than the current detector 210.

At each step of the method 300, the current detector 210 can detect the current at the output of the switch 202. If the current at the output is greater than a second predetermined value, the current detector 210 can notify the controller 108 to control the first relay. 204, the switch 202 is turned off to avoid danger. In another embodiment, if the current at the output terminal is greater than the second predetermined value, the current detector 210 can notify the controller 108 to control the second relay 214 to trip the leakage circuit breaker 244, and turn off the AC power source 242 to input the switch 202. The switch 202 is prohibited from outputting power to avoid danger.

In another embodiment, the electric vehicle power supply device 200 may not include the third relay 224 and the third relay controller 226, and the voltage detector 218 is directly coupled to the controller 208. And between the output of the switch 202 for continuously detecting the voltage at the output of the switch 202. Therefore, in this embodiment, step 308 and step 310 can be omitted. In another embodiment, the electric vehicle power supply device 200 may not include the temperature detector 220, and other modes of operation are as described in FIGS. 2 and 3.

In summary, the embodiment of the present invention discloses an electric vehicle power supply device 200 having an output end of the switch 202, that is, a voltage detecting mechanism of the connector 240, and a control method thereof. Before starting to charge the electric vehicle, the voltage of the output end of the switch 202 of the electric vehicle power supply device 200 is detected first, and only when the voltage at the output end is not greater than the first predetermined value, that is, when the connector 240 is not charged, the switch 202 is represented. The power component such as the relay 204 or the first relay controller 206 does not have an abnormal short circuit condition, and the electric vehicle is charged, that is, another protection mechanism is added to the electric vehicle power supply device. This protection mechanism can detect the dangerous failure situation, that is, when the electric vehicle power supply device is in danger of failure, deliberately trigger the leakage circuit breaker 244 to make the leakage circuit breaker 244 trip, avoiding the danger that may have occurred. Therefore, the single failure of any component of the electric vehicle power supply device of the present invention does not pose a danger. Therefore, the power components such as the switch and the relay of the present invention do not need to use components of the SIL2 or SIL3 class or higher, so that the overall electric vehicle power supply device can be designed. The safety on the level reaches the level of SIL4. This not only saves the cost of purchasing components and the waiting time of the supply, but also further improves the safety of the electric vehicle power supply device, and greatly avoids the danger to the user of the electric vehicle power supply device.

The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and all changes and modifications made to the scope of the present invention should be within the scope of the present invention.

100,200‧‧‧Electric vehicle power supply unit

102, 202‧‧‧ switch

104‧‧‧Relay

106‧‧‧Relay controller

108, 208‧‧ ‧ controller

110, 210‧‧‧ Current Detector

112, 212‧‧‧ communication devices

120, 240‧‧‧ connectors

122, 242‧‧‧ AC power supply

204‧‧‧First relay

206‧‧‧First Relay Controller

214‧‧‧Second relay

216‧‧‧Second relay controller

218‧‧‧Voltage Detector

220‧‧‧Temperature Detector

224‧‧‧third relay

226‧‧‧ Third Relay Controller

230‧‧‧load

244‧‧‧Leakage circuit breaker

250‧‧‧Printed circuit board

2022‧‧‧ coil

300‧‧‧ method

302 to 324‧‧ steps

L, L1, L2, L3‧‧‧ FireWire

N‧‧‧Neutral

G‧‧‧Great ground

R1_NO, R2_NO, R3_NC‧‧‧ contacts

Figure 1 is a schematic view of a prior art electric vehicle power supply unit.

2A is a schematic view showing an electric vehicle power supply device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

2B is a schematic view showing an electric vehicle power supply device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

2C is a schematic view showing an electric vehicle power supply device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a view showing a control method of the electric vehicle power supply device of Figs. 2A to 2C according to an embodiment of the present invention.

300‧‧‧ method

302 to 324‧‧ steps

Claims (11)

A method for controlling an electric vehicle power supply device includes: detecting a voltage of an output end of a switch in the electric vehicle power supply device before starting charging an electric vehicle; and when the voltage of the output terminal is greater than a first predetermined value, A leakage circuit breaker trips, the switch is input to cut off the power source, and the output power is prohibited from being outputted by the output terminal; the current of the output terminal is detected; and when the current of the output terminal is greater than a second predetermined value, the power supply is turned off and the switch is prohibited. The output is output from the output. The method of claim 1, further comprising: turning on the switch when the voltage of the output terminal is not greater than the first predetermined value, to output power from the output terminal, and starting charging the electric vehicle. The method of claim 1, further comprising: detecting a voltage of the output terminal when the voltage of the output terminal is not greater than the first predetermined value; and turning the switch on to output power from the output terminal to start The electric car is charged. The method of claim 2 or 3, further comprising: after the charging is completed, turning off the switch; detecting a voltage of the output; and when the voltage of the output is greater than the first predetermined value, causing the leakage circuit breaker jump Take off and switch the switch to the power supply. The method of claim 4, further comprising: entering a standby mode when the voltage at the output is not greater than the first predetermined value. The method of claim 1, wherein the first predetermined value is zero potential, the open relationship being an electromagnetic switch or a solid state relay (SSR). An electric vehicle power supply device includes: a switch; a voltage detector for detecting a voltage of an output of the switch; a first relay coupled to the switch for controlling the switch; and a first relay a controller coupled to the first relay for controlling the first relay; a second relay for triggering an earth leakage circuit breaker when the voltage of the output terminal is greater than a predetermined value; a second relay controller, The second relay is coupled to the second relay; a controller is coupled to the voltage detector, the first relay controller and the second relay controller for determining the voltage according to the output terminal Controlling the first relay controller and the second relay controller; a current detector coupled to the controller for detecting current at the output; A communication device is coupled to the controller for communicating with an electric vehicle. The device of claim 7, further comprising a temperature detector coupled to the controller for detecting a temperature of the electric vehicle power supply device. The device of claim 7, further comprising: a third relay coupled to the voltage detector and the output terminal for controlling connection between the voltage detector and the output terminal; and a third relay control The controller is coupled between the third relay and the controller for controlling the third relay; wherein, before starting to charge the electric vehicle, the controller controls the third relay controller to make the third The relay is turned on to detect the voltage at the output. The device of claim 9, further comprising: a load coupled to the second relay for engaging the second relay to trigger the earth leakage circuit breaker. The device of claim 10, wherein the open relationship is an electromagnetic switch or a solid state relay (SSR).