TWI473674B - Method for improvement of deformation homogeneity in flat upsetting process - Google Patents

Description

Improved method for uniformity of flat die forging

The invention relates to an improved method for uniformity of flat die forging, in particular to a method for forming a rough projection of a rough target by forging a rough projection of a metal target or other metal block by a conical die forging. The purpose of achieving grain refinement and homogenization is the primary invention application.

Press, the following briefly describes the advantages and disadvantages of several types of material processing technology:

1. Equal Channel Angular Extrusion - in order to re-extrude the metal blank in the channel, the grain structure can be refined, but the appearance of the metal blank is elongated, and Poor production economy.

2. Roll forming method - the grain structure processed by this method is easier to refine, but the directionality is more obvious, so it is necessary to control the rolling direction of each pass, and the material utilization The rate is low, so production economy is also not good.

3. Flat die forging method - For forging processing, it is the earliest forming technology used by human beings, and the range of forging processing is very wide in the complexity of the shape of the finished product and the types of materials that can be applied. However, generally only the flat die forging method has a dead metal zone, so the grain structure uniformity is poor, but the plastic flow of the material during the forming process is radial, and therefore has no grain structure directivity. Disadvantages, and high material utilization, are also suitable for mass production.

As shown in the seventh to tenth drawings, the general flat die forging process adopts a flat die forging, and when the blank (4) is in contact with the flat die (5), the plasticity of the blank (4) is restricted by the interface friction. Flow, thus forming a dead metal zone (d), the outer edge forms a shear band (s), and the equivalent strain of the metal zone (d) is much lower than other regions, and the grains are more than other regions. Large, especially in the vicinity of the center of the interface, the plastic flow of the material is worse, thus affecting the grain refinement; and because the interface friction constrains the plastic flow of the billet (4), the upper and lower symmetry planes of the billet The plastic deformation is the most severe. Although the grain refinement is easily achieved at the center of the symmetry plane, the free surface on the outer side forms a barrel shape (x), which increases the subsequent vehicle repairing amount, and the overall uniformity of the billet is not good.

Therefore, in view of this, the inventors have been adhering to the rich experience in design and development and actual production of the relevant industries for many years, and have researched and improved the existing structures and defects, and provided an improved method for uniformity of flat die forging, in order to achieve better practicality. The purpose of value.

The present invention provides an improved method for uniformity of flat die forging for the above purpose, which eliminates the empty embryo by the roughing of a metal target or other metal block by a conical die forging shape. Holes, and for the purpose of grain refinement and homogenization.

The purpose and function of the improved method for flattening the shape uniformity of the present invention is achieved by the following techniques:

The main purpose is to pre-form forge the metal blank (target) with a conical module to eliminate the dead metal area on the upper and lower sides of the metal billet, and then forge the flat die to the final size of the metal billet. Therefore, in this way, the plastic flow of the metal blank is generally averaged, the barrel shape is reduced, and the effect of grain refinement and uniformity is greatly improved.

The invention relates to a method for improving the uniformity of flat die forging, which is applied as a process of inserting a blank into a preform, which is to place a metal blank (target) into a processing cone module provided with a conical die, and then adopt At least one pre-forming forging step to pressurize the metal blank into a centrally concave semi-finished product, and then apply the semi-finished metal blank to a flat die forging step to prepare a flat mold to semi-finish the finished product. Pressurizing to the preset size (final size), the plastic flow of the metal billet is gradually averaged, the barrel shape is reduced, and the effect of grain refinement and uniformity is greatly improved.

Wherein, the conical module can further adopt the upper conical die alone or the lower conical die to eliminate the dead metal zone on one side; at the same time, the shape of the upper and lower conical die of the conical module can also adopt the convex conical die. The concave conical mold and the concave-convex composite conical mold have a type of pressure forging to make the metal billet form a concave shape here.

<present invention>

(1)‧‧‧Metal billets

(11)‧‧‧ Depression

(2)‧‧‧Cone module

(21)‧‧‧Upper Conical Die

(22)‧‧‧ Lower Conical Die

(3) ‧ ‧ flat die

<Prior art>

(4)‧‧‧Bulette

(5) ‧ ‧ flat die

(d) ‧‧‧Dead metal zone

(x)‧‧‧ barrel shape

(s)‧‧‧Shear band

First Figure: Flow chart of the steps of the present invention

Second picture: schematic diagram of the action of the present invention (1)

Third figure: Schematic diagram of the action of the present invention (2)

Fourth picture: schematic diagram of the action of the present invention (3)

Figure 5: Schematic diagram of the operation of the present invention (4)

Figure 6: Schematic diagram of plastic flow after forging of the metal blank of the present invention

Figure 7: Schematic diagram of the convex cone mold of the present invention

Figure 8: Schematic diagram of the concave conical mold of the present invention

Ninth diagram: Schematic diagram of the concave-convex composite cone mold of the present invention

Figure 10: Schematic diagram of the prior art (1)

Figure 11: Schematic diagram of the prior art (2)

Twelfth figure: Schematic diagram of the action of the prior art (3)

Thirteenth Figure: Schematic diagram of plastic flow after forging of metal blanks in the prior art

For a more complete and clear disclosure of the technical content, the purpose of the invention and the effects thereof achieved by the present invention, it is explained in detail below, and please refer to the drawings and drawings:

First, please refer to the first to sixth figures, which is a flow chart and an operation diagram of a method for improving the uniformity of the flat die forging, which mainly uses a conical module for the metal blank (1) [target]. Preforming forging, by tapering the taper module (2) to the center of the metal blank (1) to eliminate the dead metal area on the upper and lower sides of the metal billet (1), and then The flat die (3) is forged to the final size of the metal blank (1) to be processed.

Please refer to the first to sixth figures together. The steps of the method for improving the uniformity of flat die forging according to the present invention are as follows: 1. The blank material is injected into the mold - the rough target of the metal target or other metal block. Placed in the processing cone module (2) with the upper and lower conical molds (21), (22); 2. At least one pre-formed forging - for the upper and lower conical molds (21), (2 2) pressurizing the metal blank (1) [target] to pressurize the central portion of the upper and lower ends of the metal blank (1) to form a metal blank (1) having a concave shape (11); Die forging - the upper and lower flat molds (3) are further prepared, and the metal blank (1) of the recessed (11) is subjected to a forging procedure for pressing the flat mold (3), and the metal embryo of the recessed shape (11) is formed. The material (1) is pressurized to the preset size; 4. The finished product - after the above processing procedure, a finished product of grain refinement and uniformity of the metal blank is obtained.

Please refer to the first to sixth figures together. First, in the application process, the metal blank (1) is first placed into the processing cone module provided with the upper conical mold (21) and the lower conical mold (22). (2) inside, the blank material feeding step is completed, and the upper conical mold (21) and the lower conical mold (22) can be further carried out by using a convex conical mold or a concave conical mold or a concavo-convex composite conical mold (22). a preforming forging step for forging the upper conical mold (21) and the lower conical mold (22) with the end edge of the metal blank (1) (as shown in the second to third figures), via the upper and lower conical molds (21) (22) After preforming, the dead metal region on the upper and lower sides of the center portion of the metal blank (1) can be eliminated, and the shear band (s) band migrates to the end face of the center of the metal blank; In the processing cone module (2), the upper and lower conical molds (21) and (22) are used to eliminate the dead metal regions on the upper and lower sides of the center portion of the metal blank (1). The conical die (21) or the lower conical die (22) alone is used to eliminate dead metal regions on a single side.

After the preforming forging step is completed, the flat die forging step of applying the flat die (3) forging is resumed to forge the metal blank (1) by the upper and lower flat die (3), so that the metal blank (1) is centrally recessed ( 11) The part tends to be straight, so that the metal blank (1) reaches the final desired processing size (as shown in the fourth to fifth figures); please refer to the sixth figure to make the metal blank (1) The grain is refined and the uniformity is greatly improved.

In addition, please refer to the seventh to ninth diagrams. When the cone module is applied, the upper conical die (21) or the lower conical die (22) can be used alone to eliminate the dead metal on the single side. At the same time, in addition to the basic conical model state represented by the above formula, the shape of the upper and lower conical molds (21) and (22) of the conical module (2) may also be convex. One of a conical die, a concave conical die, and a concave-convex composite conical die is applied as a press forged metal blank.

The above-mentioned embodiments or the drawings are not intended to limit the structure of the invention and the method of the method of the invention, and any suitable changes or modifications of the present invention will be made without departing from the scope of the invention.

From the above, the composition and use of the components show that the present invention has the following advantages compared with the existing structure, as detailed below:

1. The improved method for forming uniformity of flat die forging according to the present invention, thereby utilizing the forging process, so that the plastic flow of the metal blank is generally averaged, the barrel shape is reduced, and the effect of grain refinement and uniformity is greatly improved. .

2. The improved method for uniformity of flat die forging according to the present invention, by changing the design of the shape of the forging die, to reduce the occurrence of the formed dead metal zone, and to improve the grain uniformity of the target to enhance the splash of the metal blank. Plated (transfer) quality.

In summary, the embodiments of the present invention can achieve the expected use efficiency, and the specific structures and implementation methods disclosed therein have not been seen in the same products, nor have they been disclosed before the application, and have completely complied with the patent law. The regulations and requirements, the application for invention patents in accordance with the law, and the application for review, and the grant of patents, are truly sensible.

(1)‧‧‧Metal billets

(11)‧‧‧ Depression

(2)‧‧‧Cone module

(21)‧‧‧Upper Conical Die

(22)‧‧‧ Lower Conical Die

Claims (4)

The invention relates to an improved method for uniformity of flat die forging, which mainly uses a conical module for pre-forming forging of a metal blank (target), and the taper of the cone module is pressed against the center of the metal blank to eliminate the metal embryo. The dead metal area above and below the center of the material is forged by a flat die to the final size of the metal blank to be processed, wherein the metal blank (target) is subjected to more than one conical module preforming Forging, the conical module is set to the upper and lower conical molds and correspondingly disposed at the upper and lower positions to eliminate the dead metal regions on the upper and lower sides of the metal blank center portion. The method for improving the uniformity of flat die forging according to claim 1, wherein the conical module is in the form of a convex conical die, a concave conical die, and a concave-convex composite conical die. A method for improving the shape uniformity of flat die forging, the steps of which are as follows: A. The blank material is inserted into the mold--the metal embryo or the coarse embryo of the other metal block is placed in the processing conical mold provided with the upper and lower conical molds. In the group; B. at least one pre-formed forging - in order to press the metal blank (target) with the upper and lower conical molds to pressurize the central portion of the ends of the metal billet to form a concave metal billet; Flat die forging - and then placing the upper and lower flat die to press the concave metal blank into the forging procedure of flat die pressing, and pressurizing the concave metal blank to the same Pre-set size; D. Finished product - After the above processing procedure, a finished metal blank with grain refinement and uniformity is obtained. The method for improving the uniformity of flat die forging according to claim 3, wherein the conical module is in the form of a convex conical die, a concave conical die, and a concave-convex composite conical die.