TWI469492B - Level inverter and voltage-level transmitting circuit - Google Patents

Description

Hierarchical converter and its hierarchical voltage transmission circuit

The present invention relates to a hierarchical converter, and more particularly to a hierarchical converter that utilizes switching of switching elements to achieve DC/AC conversion.

Inverter, also known as inverter, is mainly used to provide continuous/AC power conversion. Generally, the converter is permanently placed in a power generating device to receive DC power generated by the power generating device and output AC power to a load terminal; or the converter may be combined with an uninterruptible power system ( UPS) converts the DC power output from the battery of the uninterruptible power system and outputs the AC power to other power consumption products.

The converter of the multi-stage output architecture has many features, in addition to being sufficient to match the increasingly high power requirements of industrial power, when the number of layers of the converter increases, the converter is under the same power demand. The voltage across the power component will also be relatively reduced, giving the power component a small voltage variation rate ( dv/dt ) and having a lower output voltage and harmonic distortion of the input current. In addition, the power component is further Has a lower switching frequency and a lower switching loss.

Based on power requirements and component performance considerations, the seventh-order converter is currently the preferred choice. In the research at home and abroad, there are many circuit architecture designs for seventh-order inverters, such as the paper "Multilevel Inverters: A Survey of Topologies, Controls, and Applications," IEEE Trans.on Industrial Electronics , vol.49, no. .7, pp. 724-738, 2002. The seventh-order converter disclosed. However, although the voltage of the above-mentioned inverter has a seventh-order output, there is still a disadvantage that the number of circuit components is excessive. As the number of circuit components of the converter increases, the control and architecture complexity of the circuit is also increased. Increase the setup cost of the seventh-order inverter. In order to make the seventh-order converter have less setup cost, a better circuit configuration must be provided.

The main object of the present invention is to provide a hierarchical converter and a hierarchical voltage transmission circuit thereof, which have relatively few circuit components in the converter of the same level output.

In order to achieve the foregoing object, the hierarchical converter of the present invention comprises: a voltage dividing circuit having a high level input terminal, a low level input terminal, a first voltage dividing contact and a second a voltage-dividing contact; a hierarchical voltage transmission circuit having a high-level switching element, a low-level switching element, a first control arm, a second control arm, a high-level output, and a low-level output The high level switching element is coupled between the high level input end of the voltage dividing circuit and the high level output end, and the low level switching element is coupled to the low level of the voltage dividing circuit Between the input end and the low level output end, the first control arm is coupled between the high level output end and the low level output end, and the first control arm has a first series connection a first voltage dividing contact, the second control arm is also coupled between the high level output end and the low level output end, and the second control arm has a second series connection point connecting the second a voltage dividing contact; and a phase change circuit having a first bridge arm and a second bridge arm, wherein the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm are respectively coupled Between the high level and the output terminal of the low level of the output terminal, and the first arm having a first output point, the second bridge arm having There is a second output point, and the first output point and the second output point together form a voltage output 埠.

The hierarchical converter of the present invention, wherein the first control arm of the hierarchical voltage transmission circuit comprises a first diode and a first switching component, and one of the first diodes is coupled to the first string An anode is coupled to the low-level output terminal, and the first switch component is coupled between the high-level output terminal and the first string-connecting point.

The hierarchical converter of the present invention, wherein the second control arm of the hierarchical voltage transmission circuit comprises a second diode and a second switching component, and one of the second diodes is coupled to the high level An output of the second diode is coupled to the second series of contacts, and the second switch component is coupled between the second series of contacts and the low level output.

In the hierarchical converter of the present invention, the first switching component includes a first auxiliary diode and a first switching component, and one of the first auxiliary diodes is anode-coupled to the first series of contacts, The first switching element is coupled between the cathode of the first auxiliary diode and the high-level output.

In the hierarchical converter of the present invention, the second switching component includes a second auxiliary diode and a second switching element, and one of the second auxiliary diodes is coupled to the second series of contacts. The second switching element is coupled between the anode of the second auxiliary diode and the low-level output.

The hierarchical voltage converter of the present invention, wherein the voltage dividing circuit comprises a first voltage dividing component, a second voltage dividing component and a third voltage dividing component, wherein the first voltage dividing component is coupled to the high level Between the input end and the first voltage dividing point, the second voltage dividing component is coupled between the first voltage dividing point and the second voltage dividing point, and the third voltage dividing component is coupled to the second component Between the pressure point and the low level input .

In the hierarchical converter of the present invention, the first arm of the commutation circuit has a first upper arm switch and a first lower arm switch, and the first upper arm switch is coupled to the high level output end and the first The first lower arm switch is coupled between the low level output and the first output point.

The hierarchical converter of the present invention, wherein the second arm of the commutation circuit has a second upper arm switch and a second lower arm switch, the second upper arm switch is coupled to the high level output end and the first The first lower arm switch is coupled between the low level output and the second output point.

The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more <RTIgt; "Coupling" means a connection between two elements through a direct connection or an indirect connection, such that the two elements have signals or currents transmitted between each other.

Referring to FIG. 1 , the hierarchical converter of the present invention comprises a voltage dividing circuit 1 , a layer voltage transmission circuit 2 and a phase change circuit 3 , and the voltage dividing circuit 1 is coupled to the layer voltage transmission. The circuit 2, the hierarchical voltage transmission circuit 2 is coupled to the commutation circuit 3.

The voltage dividing circuit 1 has a high level input terminal Hi, a low level input terminal Li, a first voltage dividing contact 11 and a second voltage dividing contact 12. The high-level input terminal Hi is connected to one positive terminal of a voltage source, and the low-level input terminal Li is connected to one negative terminal of the voltage source, and the high-level input terminal Hi A first voltage dividing component 13 , a second voltage dividing component 14 and a third voltage dividing component 15 are coupled between the low level input terminal Li and the first voltage dividing component 13 . The first voltage dividing component 13 is coupled to the high level input terminal Hi. And the second voltage dividing component 14 is coupled between the first voltage dividing contact 11 and the second voltage dividing contact 12, and the third voltage dividing component 15 is coupled between the first voltage dividing contact 11 and the second voltage dividing contact 12 Connected between the second voltage dividing contact 12 and the low level input terminal Li. The first voltage dividing component 13, the second voltage dividing component 14, and the third voltage dividing component 15 are respectively a capacitor, and the first voltage dividing component 13, the second voltage dividing component 14, and the third voltage dividing component 15 is preferably of the same size, so that the first voltage dividing element 13, the second voltage dividing element 14, and the third voltage dividing element 15 have the same voltage difference from each other to improve the control convenience of the layer voltage output.

The hierarchical voltage transmission circuit 2 has a high level switching element 21, a low level switching element 22, a first control arm 23, a second control arm 24, a high level output terminal Ho and a low level output. The high-level switching element 21 is coupled to the high-level input terminal Hi of the voltage dividing circuit 1 and the high-level output terminal Ho, and the low-level switching element 22 is coupled to the voltage dividing circuit 1 The low level input terminal Li and the low level output terminal Lo, wherein the high level switching element 21 and the low level switching element 22 can select a transistor element.

In detail, the first control arm 23 is coupled between the high-level output terminal Ho and the low-level output terminal Lo, and the first control arm 23 has a first series connection point 231 connected to the first The voltage is divided by a contact point 11. The first control arm 23 includes a first diode 232 and a first switch component 233. One of the first diodes 232 is coupled to the first string 231. The first diode One of the anodes 232 is coupled to the low level output terminal Lo, and the first two poles The body 232 is used to control the direction of the current passing through the high level switching element 21 to ensure the correctness of the voltage transmission. The first switch component 233 is coupled between the high-level output terminal Ho and the first string contact 231. The circuit structure of the first switch component 233 is not limited herein. In this embodiment, the system is not limited. A first auxiliary diode 2331 and a first switching element 2332 are included. One of the first auxiliary diodes 2331 is anodically coupled to the first series of contacts 231, and the first switching element 2332 is coupled to the first Between a cathode of the auxiliary diode 2331 and the high-level output terminal Ho, the first auxiliary diode 2331 is used to control the direction of current passing through the first switching element 2332 to ensure the correctness of voltage transmission. .

In addition, the second control arm 24 is coupled between the high level output terminal Ho and the low level output terminal Lo, and the second control arm 24 has a second series connection point 241 connected to the second voltage divider. Contact 12. The second control arm 24 includes a second diode 242 and a second switch component 243. One of the second diodes 242 is coupled to the high-level output terminal Ho, and the second diode. One of the anodes 242 is coupled to the second series of contacts 241, and the second diode 242 is configured to control the direction of current flow through the low level switching element 22 to ensure correct voltage transmission. The second switch component 243 is coupled between the second series of contacts 241 and the low-level output terminal Lo. The circuit structure of the second switch component 243 is not limited herein. In this embodiment, A second auxiliary diode 2431 and a second switching element 2432 are included. One cathode of the second auxiliary diode 2431 is coupled to the second series connection point 241, and the second switching element 2432 is coupled to the second Between an anode of the auxiliary diode 2431 and the low-level output terminal Lo, the second auxiliary diode 2431 is used to control the current direction through the second switching element 2432 to ensure positive voltage transmission. Authenticity.

The phase-changing circuit 3 has a first bridge arm 31 and a second bridge arm 32. The first bridge arm 31 and the second bridge arm 32 are respectively coupled to the high-level output terminal Ho and the low-level output terminal. Between the Lo and the first bridge arm 31 has a first output point 311, the second bridge arm 32 has a second output point 321 , and the first output point 311 and the second output point 321 form a common The voltage output is 埠30. The first arm arm 31 has a first upper arm switch 312 and a first lower arm switch 313. The first upper arm switch 312 is coupled between the high level output terminal Ho and the first output point 311. The lower arm switch 313 is coupled between the low level output terminal Lo and the first output point 311. The second arm 32 has a second upper arm switch 322 and a second lower arm switch 323. The second upper arm switch 322 is coupled between the high level output terminal Ho and the second output point 321 . The second lower arm switch 323 is coupled between the low level output terminal Lo and the second output point 321 .

More specifically, the hierarchical converter of the present invention can change the voltage outputted by the voltage output 埠30 by the opening and closing of each switching element during actual operation, and can have up to seven different outputs. The voltage, the output voltage and the opening and closing relationship of each of the switching elements are as described in Table 1:

If a single DC voltage source V _{dc is to be} converted into AC power, the switching elements can have an output voltage through continuous switching by the relationship between the opening and closing of each switching element and the output voltage presented in Table 1. Periodic changes to achieve the effect of DC/AC power conversion. In addition, the output voltage of the hierarchical converter of the present invention has a seventh-order variation, and each of the switching elements of the present invention has a smaller voltage variation rate and lower than the inverter having a lower number of layers. Switching losses, and the output voltage has low harmonic distortion and other effects. And in the converter which is also a seventh-order output voltage, the present invention has a relatively small number of circuit components and has a cost reduction effect.

Furthermore, the hierarchical converter of the present invention can also be used as a converter of third-order variation and fifth-order variation, and the output voltage of the third-order variation and the fifth-order variation and the opening and closing relationship of each of the switching elements are respectively Table 2 and Table 3:

The hierarchical converter of the present invention is a seven-level converter, which can have up to seven different output voltages, and is also suitable for the fifth-order and third-order converters, and has high convenience. .

In addition, each of the switching elements or components of the hierarchical converter of the present invention may be a transistor element as shown in FIG. 1, or an insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) as shown in FIG. The output voltage control system is the same as the above manner, and details are not described herein again. When the first switch component 233' and the second switch component 243' are configured in an insulated gate bipolar transistor, one diode can be respectively reduced compared to the first switch component 233 and the second switch component 243 of FIG. The arrangement makes the overall circuit of the hierarchical converter of the present invention more reduced, and has the effect of reducing cost.

The hierarchical converter of the present invention has a better circuit configuration, and has relatively few circuit components in the converter of the same level output, and has a reduced The cost of the effect.

While the invention has been described in connection with the preferred embodiments described above, it is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The technical scope of the invention is protected, and therefore the scope of the invention is defined by the scope of the appended claims.

〔this invention〕

1‧‧‧voltage circuit

11‧‧‧First voltage divider

12‧‧‧Second voltage junction

13‧‧‧First voltage dividing element

14‧‧‧Separate voltage component

15‧‧‧ Third voltage dividing element

2‧‧‧Class voltage transmission circuit

21‧‧‧High level switching elements

22‧‧‧Low-level switching elements

23‧‧‧First control arm

231‧‧‧ first string of contacts

232‧‧‧First Diode

233‧‧‧First switch assembly

2331‧‧‧First auxiliary diode

2332‧‧‧First switching element

24‧‧‧second control arm

241‧‧‧Second series of contacts

242‧‧‧second diode

243‧‧‧Second switch assembly

2431‧‧‧Second auxiliary diode

2432‧‧‧Second switching element

3‧‧‧Commutation circuit

30‧‧‧Voltage output埠

31‧‧‧First bridge arm

311‧‧‧First output point

312‧‧‧First upper arm switch

313‧‧‧First lower arm switch

32‧‧‧second bridge arm

321‧‧‧second output point

322‧‧‧Second upper arm switch

323‧‧‧Second lower arm switch

Hi‧‧‧ high level input

Li‧‧‧ low level input

Ho‧‧‧ high level output

Lo‧‧‧ low level output

Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of a hierarchical converter of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a replacement diagram of a hierarchical converter circuit element of the present invention.

1‧‧‧voltage circuit

11‧‧‧First voltage divider

12‧‧‧Second voltage junction

13‧‧‧First voltage dividing element

14‧‧‧Separate voltage component

15‧‧‧ Third voltage dividing element

2‧‧‧Class voltage transmission circuit

21‧‧‧High level switching elements

22‧‧‧Low-level switching elements

23‧‧‧First control arm

231‧‧‧ first string of contacts

232‧‧‧First Diode

233‧‧‧First switch assembly

2331‧‧‧First auxiliary diode

2332‧‧‧First switching element

24‧‧‧second control arm

241‧‧‧Second series of contacts

242‧‧‧second diode

243‧‧‧Second switch assembly

2431‧‧‧Second auxiliary diode

2432‧‧‧Second switching element

3‧‧‧Commutation circuit

30‧‧‧Voltage output埠

31‧‧‧First bridge arm

311‧‧‧First output point

312‧‧‧First upper arm switch

313‧‧‧First lower arm switch

32‧‧‧second bridge arm

321‧‧‧second output point

322‧‧‧Second upper arm switch

323‧‧‧Second lower arm switch

Hi‧‧‧ high level input

Li‧‧‧ low level input

Ho‧‧‧ high level output

Lo‧‧‧ low level output

Claims (11)

A hierarchical converter includes: a voltage dividing circuit having a high level input terminal, a low level input terminal, a first voltage dividing contact and a second voltage dividing contact; a layer voltage The transmission circuit has a high level switching element, a low level switching element, a first control arm, a second control arm, a high level output end and a low level output end, the high level switching element The low level switching element is coupled between the low level input end of the voltage dividing circuit and the low level output end, and the low leveling output unit is coupled to the low level input end of the voltage dividing circuit and the low level output The first control arm is coupled between the high level output end and the low level output end, and the first control arm has a first series connection point connected to the first voltage dividing contact. The second control arm is also coupled between the high level output end and the low level output end, and the second control arm has a second series connection point connecting the second voltage dividing contact; The phase circuit has a first bridge arm and a second bridge arm, and the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm are respectively coupled to the high level output end and the low level Between the output ends, the first bridge arm has a first output point, and the second bridge arm has a second output point, the first output point and the second output point together form a voltage output port; The first control arm of the hierarchical voltage transmission circuit includes a first diode and a first switching component, and one of the first diodes is coupled to the first series of contacts, and the first diode An anode is coupled to the low level output, and the first switch component is coupled between the high level output and the first series. The hierarchical converter according to claim 1, wherein the second control arm of the hierarchical voltage transmission circuit comprises a second diode and a second switch component, and the second diode The cathode is coupled to the high-level output, the anode of the second diode is coupled to the second string, and the second switch component is coupled to the second string and the low-level output. between. The hierarchical converter according to claim 1, wherein the first switch component comprises a first auxiliary diode and a first switching element, and one of the first auxiliary diodes is coupled to the anode The first series of contacts are coupled between the cathode of the first auxiliary diode and the high-level output. The hierarchical converter according to claim 2, wherein the second switch component comprises a second auxiliary diode and a second switching element, and one of the second auxiliary diodes is coupled to the cathode The second series of contacts is coupled between the anode of the second auxiliary diode and the low-level output. The hierarchical converter according to claim 1, wherein the voltage dividing circuit comprises a first voltage dividing component, a second voltage dividing component and a third voltage dividing component, the first voltage dividing component The second voltage dividing component is coupled between the first voltage dividing point and the second voltage dividing point, and the third voltage dividing component is coupled between the high voltage input end and the first voltage dividing point. The second voltage dividing point is coupled between the second voltage dividing point and the low level input end. The hierarchical inverter according to claim 1, wherein the first arm of the commutation circuit has a first upper arm switch and a first lower arm switch, and the first upper arm switch is coupled to the high Level output and the first Between the output points, the first lower arm switch is coupled between the low level output and the first output point. The hierarchical converter according to claim 1, wherein the second arm of the commutation circuit has a second upper arm switch and a second lower arm switch, wherein the second upper arm switch is coupled to the high The first lower arm switch is coupled between the low level output end and the second output point between the level output end and the second output point. A hierarchical voltage transmission circuit includes: a high level switching element, a low level switching element, a first control arm, a second control arm, a high level input terminal, a high level output terminal, and a a low level input terminal and a low level output end, the high level switch element is coupled between the high level input end and the high level output end, the low level switch element is coupled to the low level Between the bit input end and the low level output end, the first control arm is coupled between the high level output end and the low level output end, and the first control arm has a first series connection point The second control arm is also coupled between the high level output end and the low level output end, and the second control arm has a second series connection point; wherein the first control arm includes a first a diode and a first switch component, wherein a cathode of the first diode is coupled to the first series of contacts, and an anode of the first diode is coupled to the low-level output, the first switch The component is coupled between the high level output and the first series of contacts. The hierarchical voltage transmission circuit of claim 8, wherein the second control arm comprises a second diode and a second switch component, and a cathode of the second diode is coupled to the high level An output of the second diode is coupled to the second series of contacts, and the second switch component is coupled to Between the second series of contacts and the low level output. The hierarchical voltage transmission circuit of claim 8, wherein the first switching component comprises a first auxiliary diode and a first switching component, and one of the first auxiliary diodes is coupled to the anode The first switching element is coupled between the cathode of the first auxiliary diode and the high-level output end. The hierarchical voltage transmission circuit of claim 9, wherein the second switching component comprises a second auxiliary diode and a second switching element, and one of the second auxiliary diodes is coupled to the cathode The second switching element is coupled between the anode of the second auxiliary diode and the low-level output.