TWI463107B - Device a for non-contact measurement of space coordinates for objects - Google Patents

Description

Non-contact object space coordinate measuring device

The present invention relates to a non-contact object space coordinate measuring device, and more particularly to a device for performing non-contact precision measurement of a object to be detected by using a digital image, and the application range includes all object size, shape, position, movement and deformation. There are areas for analysing requirements.

The principle of digital image measurement technology is to determine the relative position of each point on the digital image by comparing the correlation between two digital images, such as Digital Image Correlation (DIC) and Particle Image Measurement Technology (Particle). Image Velocimetry, PIV) are all digital image measurement techniques. Due to the advancement of digital image capture devices and computer computing speeds, digital image measurement technology has received increasing attention.

The digital image measurement technology can be subdivided into two types, two-dimensional and three-dimensional. The two-dimensional digital image measurement technology uses two digital images before and after to obtain the displacement and deformation data of the measured object. The premise of applying this method is to shoot the object. The distance from the digital image capture device needs to be fixed, so such two-dimensional digital image measurement technology can provide relatively high measurement accuracy if there is only in-plane distortion or only displacement parallel to the photosensitive element. However, when shooting objects and digital images When the distance between the devices changes, the measurement error of such measurement technology will be caused. At this time, only the three-dimensional digital image measurement technology can overcome the problem.

The principle of the three-dimensional digital image measurement technology is similar to the principle that the human eye recognizes the position and distance of the object. Therefore, two digital images captured at different positions are needed to recognize the coordinates of the object in space. In the technology that has been developed, almost two cameras are used to shoot objects at different angles, and images taken at two different positions and angles are obtained, and two-dimensional digital image correlation coefficient method is used to determine each point in the image. Correspondence, and then calculate the three-dimensional coordinates of the object. The disadvantage of this method is that the mechanical and optical properties of the two-digit image capture device are not guaranteed to be exactly the same, and an extremely complicated calibration procedure is required, and the accuracy is still limited. In addition, how to capture images synchronously between two-digit image capture devices is a rather difficult problem to solve. This problem is not significant when performing static measurement. However, when performing dynamic measurement, the image is not synchronized, which will cause extremely serious errors in measurement. Moreover, the use of a two-digit image capture device also increases the cost of measuring the three-dimensional coordinates of the object.

Hereinafter, the existing three-dimensional digital image correlation coefficient method measuring device is further described by using a plurality of digital image capturing devices to obtain an image having parallax. Here, the principle of using two digital image capturing devices will be described as an example, please refer to the first figure. The three-dimensional measuring device using two digital image capturing devices comprises: a first digital image capturing device (31) and a second digital image capturing device (32). The first and second digital image pickers (31) and (32) have a relative distance and an angle, so that the object to be tested (33) exhibits different perspective effects on the image. The difference in perspective effect can be By identifying the spatial coordinates of the selected points and faces on the surface of the object, the spatial coordinates of the two times before and after can be compared to calculate the amount of motion and its derivative. The accuracy of this method is mainly determined by the lens quality of the first and second digital image capturers (31), (32), the photosensitive element parameters, and the first and second digital image capture devices (31), (32). The influence of the correctness of parameters such as distance and angle. Due to the large number of influencing parameters, the calibration and calibration methods are complex and difficult to achieve high precision requirements. Therefore, the accuracy of three-dimensional measurement is far less than the accuracy of two-dimensional measurement. Secondly, because the synchronization of the first and second digital image capturers (31) and (32) is processed by the synchronous trigger signal, the time difference that cannot be excluded will affect the parallax of the high speed moving object.

Another three-dimensional digital measurement technology uses a single digital capture device to move the digital capture device to obtain images with parallax, which can greatly reduce the digital capture device and spatial parameters, and the measurement accuracy can be greatly better than the aforementioned use of complex numbers. A digital image capture device. However, the disadvantage of such a device is that it cannot be used for dynamic measurement, and the accuracy of the mechanism for controlling the movement of the digital image capturing device is also a great test.

The reason is to provide a measuring device capable of reducing the difficulty of parameter identification, reducing the cost and volume of the device, improving the mobility of the device, and the space coordinates of the object which can be equally applied to objects moving at high speed or at rest, to improve the prior art. Disadvantages are the current active research and development goals of the industry.

The invention improves the shortcomings of the above device, and the refraction effect caused by the optical lens enables two images of different viewing angles and reference positions to be simultaneously imaged on a single digital image capturing device, which not only reduces the difficulty of parameter identification, but also reduces the difficulty. Device cost and volume, improve device mobility. The most important thing is that a single digital image is completed at the same instant, there is no time difference problem, and it is also suitable for high-speed moving or stationary objects.

The main object of the present invention is to provide a non-contact object space coordinate measuring device, which comprises an image capturing unit and a line-of-sight separating deflection lens, and the line-of-sight separating deflection lens is disposed on the image of the image capturing unit. The front side of the take-up end, and the line-of-sight separating deflection mirror has at least a first surface, a second surface and a third surface, wherein the first surface and the second surface are inclined surfaces which are obliquely arranged from the inside to the outside, and are connected to each other at the inner ends thereof And the outer end of the first surface and the second surface are coupled to the third surface, so that the line of sight separation deflection mirror is an approximately triangular body; accordingly, the image is transmitted through the single image capturing unit Separating the first and second sides of the deflection mirror, capturing images of different lines of sight on the surface of the object, so as to analyze the relationship between different line-of-sight images by image analysis principle, and then detecting the three-dimensional coordinates of the surface of the object.

<present invention>

(1)‧‧‧Image capture unit

(11) ‧‧‧Image capture end

(12)‧‧‧Image capture components

(13)‧‧‧ lens

(2) ‧ ‧ Sight separation eccentric mirror

(21) ‧ ‧ first side

(22) ‧‧‧ second side

(23) ‧‧‧ third side

(R1)‧‧‧ rays

(R2) ‧‧‧Light

(1")‧‧‧Virtual Image Capture Unit

<existing>

(31)‧‧‧First digital image capture device

(32)‧‧‧Second digital image capturer

(33) ‧‧‧ objects to be tested

Figure 1 (a): Schematic diagram of a three-dimensional measuring device using two digital image capture devices

Figure (b): Image obtained by the two-digit image capture device

Figure (c): Schematic diagram of the spatial coordinates of the selected points and faces of the surface of the object identified by the existing device

Second: Schematic diagram of the non-contact object space coordinate measuring device of the present invention

The above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the aspects of the invention. The non-contact object space coordinate measuring device comprises an image capturing unit (1) and a line-of-sight separating deflection mirror (2); wherein: the image capturing unit (1) is provided with an image capturing end ( 11), and the line-of-sight separation deflection mirror (2) is disposed in front of the image capturing end (11) of the image capturing unit (1), and the line-of-sight separating deflection mirror (2) has at least a first The surface (21), the second surface (22) and the third surface (23), the first surface (21) and the second surface (22) are inclined surfaces which are inclined from the inside to the outside and are connected to each other by the inner ends thereof And the outer ends of the first surface (21) and the second surface (22) are indirectly or directly connected to the third surface (23), and the first surface (21) and the second surface (22) When the outer end of the outer end is directly engaged with the third surface (23), the line of sight separation deflection mirror (2) will be an approximately triangular body.

Accordingly, when the light emitted from a point P of the surface of the object passes through the line of sight to separate the first side (21) and the second side (22) of the deflecting mirror (2), it is divided into the first light (R1). Projected in the first section of the photosensitive element of the image capturing unit (1); the second light (R2) is projected on the second section of the photosensitive element of the image capturing unit (1), on the image capturing unit (1) Forming two sub-images of the same object surface as if the second figure is dotted The images captured by the two virtual image capturing units (1") are respectively displayed, and the two sub-images can be respectively simulated as two parts of the image capturing unit (1) forming a distance and an angle. Therefore, two The sub-image has an aberration which is correlated with the surface unevenness of the object, and the space coordinates of the non-contact object relative to the present invention can be analyzed by analyzing the conventional coordinate conversion program of the computer [not shown] The three-dimensional coordinates of the device.

The image capturing unit (1) of the non-contact object space coordinate measuring device of the present invention comprises an image capturing component (12) and a lens (13). The image capturing component (12) may be selected from a photographic device, such as a digital photographic device such as a Charge Coupled Device (CCD) or a Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS). It can also be selected from a digital camera. The lens (13) may be selected from a lens that matches the image capturing component (12) or a lens built into the image capturing component (12).

The above is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and it is intended that the invention may be included in the scope of the present invention.

In summary, the embodiments of the present invention can achieve the expected use efficiency, and the specific structure disclosed therein has not been seen in similar products, nor has it been disclosed before the application, and has completely complied with the provisions of the Patent Law. And the request, the application for the invention of a patent in accordance with the law, please forgive the review, and grant the patent, it is really sensible.

(1)‧‧‧Image capture unit

(11) ‧‧‧Image capture end

(12)‧‧‧Image capture components

(13)‧‧‧ lens

(2) ‧ ‧ Sight separation eccentric mirror

(21) ‧ ‧ first side

(22) ‧‧‧ second side

(23) ‧‧‧ third side

(R1)‧‧‧ rays

(R2) ‧‧‧Light

(1")‧‧‧Virtual Image Capture Unit

Claims (9)

A non-contact object space coordinate measuring device comprises a digital image capturing unit and a line-of-sight separating deflection mirror, wherein the line-of-sight separating deflection mirror is fixed on the image capturing end of the digital image capturing unit. The line-of-sight separating deflection mirror has at least a first surface, a second surface and a third surface, wherein the first surface and the second surface are inclined surfaces which are inclined from the inside to the outside, and are connected to each other at their inner ends, and the The outer ends of the first side and the second side are joined to the third side. The non-contact object space coordinate measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the image capturing unit comprises an image capturing component and a lens. The non-contact object space coordinate measuring device according to claim 2, wherein the image capturing component is a photographic device. The non-contact object space coordinate measuring device according to claim 3, wherein the photographic device is selected from the group consisting of a photosensitive coupling element and a complementary metal oxide semiconductor. The non-contact object space coordinate measuring device according to claim 3, wherein the lens is selected from a lens corresponding to the image capturing component. The non-contact object space coordinate measuring device according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the lens is selected from the lens built in the image capturing component. The non-contact object space coordinate measuring device according to claim 3, wherein the image capturing component is a digital camera device. The non-contact object space coordinate measuring device according to claim 7, wherein the lens is selected from a lens corresponding to the image capturing component. The non-contact object space coordinate measuring device according to claim 7, wherein the lens is selected from the lens built in the image capturing component.