TWI432507B - Manufacturing method of superabsorbent resins - Google Patents

Manufacturing method of superabsorbent resins Download PDF

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TWI432507B
TWI432507B TW101112620A TW101112620A TWI432507B TW I432507 B TWI432507 B TW I432507B TW 101112620 A TW101112620 A TW 101112620A TW 101112620 A TW101112620 A TW 101112620A TW I432507 B TWI432507 B TW I432507B
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resin
super absorbent
absorbent resin
producing
vitamin
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TW101112620A
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TW201341456A (en
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Chi Sung Liao
Hong Tsung Chung
Zhong Yi Chen
cheng lin Lee
Yu Sam Lin
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Formosa Plastics Corp
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Description

高吸水性樹脂的製法Method for preparing super absorbent resin

本發明是有關一種樹脂的製法,特別是提供一種高吸水性樹脂的製法,適用於農、林等技術領域。The invention relates to a method for preparing a resin, in particular to a method for preparing a super absorbent resin, which is suitable for use in the technical fields of agriculture, forestry and the like.

高吸水性樹脂是一種具有高吸水性和保水性之高分子材料,目前已廣泛應用於農、林、醫療、石油、化學化工、建材、食品等領域,其中應用於農林用之高吸水性樹脂普遍存在著成本高、附加功能性較少等問題。Superabsorbent resin is a polymer material with high water absorption and water retention. It has been widely used in agriculture, forestry, medical, petroleum, chemical, chemical, building materials, food and other fields. It is used in superabsorbent resins for agriculture and forestry. There are widespread problems such as high cost and less additional functionality.

農林用高吸水性樹脂的製造方法多以不飽和的烯類單體(如丙烯酸、丙烯酸鹽、丙烯醯胺等)作為主體原料,經過添加交聯劑和起始劑進行共聚交聯反應後,再進行裁切製粒、粉碎、表面交聯、表面處理等程序後而得。但由此類高吸水性樹脂製得的含水凝膠,在使用於培養基進行植物育苗或花卉長途運輸等保水用途時(例如日本專利特開昭63-68026),多存在著無法促進植物發芽及根部生長等缺點。The method for producing a super absorbent resin for agriculture and forestry is mainly characterized in that an unsaturated ethylenic monomer (such as acrylic acid, acrylate, acrylamide, etc.) is used as a main raw material, and a crosslinking agent and a starter are added to carry out a copolymerization crosslinking reaction. It is then obtained by cutting, granulating, pulverizing, surface crosslinking, surface treatment and the like. However, when a hydrogel prepared from such a highly water-absorptive resin is used for a water-retaining application such as plant growth or long-distance transportation of flowers (for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. SHO 63-68026), there is a possibility that the plant does not promote germination and Shortcomings such as root growth.

中國專利CN 101948695A公開一種植物生根保水劑,是利用羧甲基澱粉添加植物營養素製得高吸水性樹脂以解決前述無法促進植物生長之問題,但其公開的高吸水樹脂不具良好的膠體強度,在長時間的使用下容易有分解的情形產生,無法長時間供給植物發芽及生長所需的水分。Chinese patent CN 101948695A discloses a plant rooting water retaining agent which is prepared by adding phytonutrients to carboxymethyl starch to prepare a super absorbent resin to solve the above problem of not promoting plant growth, but the disclosed super absorbent resin does not have good colloid strength. It is prone to decomposition under prolonged use, and it is not possible to supply the water required for plant germination and growth for a long time.

因此,尋求開發一種兼具良好耐用性,且可有效促進對植物種子發芽及根部生長之高吸水性樹脂的製法,實為目前業界亟思所求的。Therefore, it has been sought to develop a method for producing a highly water-absorptive resin which has good durability and can effectively promote the germination and root growth of plant seeds, and is currently sought by the industry.

因此,鑑於前述現有問題,本發明之目的即在提供一種高吸水性樹脂的製法,其包含使一不飽和單體組分進行聚合反應,並乾燥得到一樹脂,及將該樹脂、一植物營養素(plant nutrient)與一交聯劑(cross-linker)混合並進行表面交聯,使該植物營養素與該樹脂透過一化學鍵結連接,其中,該不飽和單體組分包含一經鹼部分中和之含羧基的烯類單體,且經該鹼中和的含羧基的烯類單體佔該含羧基的烯類單體的30~65 mol%。Therefore, in view of the foregoing problems, the object of the present invention is to provide a process for producing a superabsorbent resin comprising polymerizing an unsaturated monomer component and drying to obtain a resin, and the resin, a phytonutrient (plant nutrient) mixed with a cross-linker and surface cross-linked to cause the phytonutrient to be bonded to the resin through a chemical bond, wherein the unsaturated monomer component comprises a neutral portion neutralized The carboxyl group-containing ethylenic monomer, and the carboxyl group-containing ethylenic monomer neutralized by the base accounts for 30 to 65 mol% of the carboxyl group-containing ethylenic monomer.

本發明之功效在於透過該交聯劑與該植物營養素的作用,使得製得之高吸水性樹脂較以往具有更佳的耐用性(分解速率慢),且可有效促進植物發芽(長時間供給水分)及根部生長,可促進農林用高吸水性樹脂的製程技術發展。The effect of the invention is that through the action of the crosslinking agent and the phytonutrient, the obtained super absorbent resin has better durability (slow decomposition rate) than before, and can effectively promote plant germination (long-term water supply) ) and root growth can promote the development of process technology for high-absorbent resins for agriculture and forestry.

本發明高吸水性樹脂的製法包含使一不飽和單體組分進行聚合反應,並乾燥得到一樹脂,及將該樹脂、一植物營養素與一交聯劑混合並進行表面交聯,使該植物營養素與該樹脂透過一化學鍵結連接,其中,該不飽和單體組分包含一經驗部分中和之含羧基的烯類單體,且經該鹼中和的含羧基的烯類單體佔該含羧基的烯類單體的30~65 mol%。The superabsorbent resin of the present invention comprises the steps of: polymerizing an unsaturated monomer component, drying to obtain a resin, and mixing the resin, a phytonutrient with a crosslinking agent, and surface crosslinking to make the plant The nutrient is bonded to the resin through a chemical bond, wherein the unsaturated monomer component comprises an empirically partially neutralized carboxyl group-containing ethylenic monomer, and the carboxyl group-containing ethylenic monomer neutralized by the base accounts for 30 to 65 mol% of the carboxyl group-containing ethylenic monomer.

較佳地,該含羧基的烯類單體可選自丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、馬來酸(maleic acid)、富馬酸(fumaric acid)、巴豆酸(crotonic acid)、伊康酸(itaconic acid)或其組合。Preferably, the carboxyl group-containing ethylenic monomer may be selected from the group consisting of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, crotonic acid, and itaconic acid. ) or a combination thereof.

若該含羧基的烯類單體經該鹼中和的比率過低,所製得之高吸水性樹脂的吸水倍率不佳,在應用時需要大量使用方可達到預定效果,且其酸性不利植物生長;若其中和的比率過高,則所製得之高吸水性樹脂的鹼性亦不利植物生長。在本發明之具體實施例中,經該鹼中和的含羧基的烯類單體佔該含羧基的烯類單體的35~60 mol%。If the ratio of the carboxyl group-containing ethylenic monomer to the neutralization by the alkali is too low, the water-absorbent ratio of the obtained superabsorbent resin is not good, and a large amount of use is required in the application to achieve a predetermined effect, and the acidic disadvantageous plant is obtained. Growth; if the ratio of the neutralization is too high, the alkalinity of the resulting highly water-absorbent resin is also unfavorable for plant growth. In a specific embodiment of the invention, the carboxyl group-containing ethylenic monomer neutralized by the base accounts for 35 to 60 mol% of the carboxyl group-containing ethylenic monomer.

較佳地,該不飽和單體組分還包含一含醯胺基的烯類單體。該含醯胺基的烯類單體可提升高吸水性樹脂於水質較硬時的吸收能力。較佳地,該含醯胺基的烯類單體可選自丙烯醯胺、N -乙烯基乙醯胺(N -vinyl acetamide)、甲基丙烯醯胺(methacrylamide)、N ,N -二甲基丙烯醯胺(N ,N -dimethyl methacrylamide)或其組合。在本發明之具體實施例中,該含醯胺基的烯類單體是丙烯醯胺。Preferably, the unsaturated monomer component further comprises an amidino group-containing ethylenic monomer. The mercapto group-containing ethylenic monomer can enhance the absorption capacity of the superabsorbent resin when the water quality is hard. Preferably, the acyl group-containing vinyl monomer selected from acrylamide, N - vinyl as acetamide (N -vinyl acetamide), methyl acrylamide (methacrylamide), N, N - dimethyl N , N- dimethyl methacrylamide or a combination thereof. In a particular embodiment of the invention, the guanamine containing olefinic monomer is acrylamide.

較佳地,該不飽和單體組分還包含一無機鹽。該無機鹽可有效增進植物生長表現。較佳地,該無機鹽是選自於酸式磷酸鹽、鈣鹽、鎂鹽、鐵鹽、硫酸鹽或其組合。在本發明之具體實施例中,該無機鹽是磷酸二氫鉀、磷酸二氫鈉、硝酸鈣、硫酸鎂及硫酸鐵之組合。若該無機鹽使用量過少,則其效果不彰;若其使用量過多,則會增加成本。較佳地,該高吸水性樹脂與該無機鹽之重量比範圍為1000:1~100:1。Preferably, the unsaturated monomer component further comprises an inorganic salt. The inorganic salt is effective for improving plant growth performance. Preferably, the inorganic salt is selected from the group consisting of an acid phosphate, a calcium salt, a magnesium salt, an iron salt, a sulfate salt, or a combination thereof. In a particular embodiment of the invention, the inorganic salt is a combination of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, calcium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, and iron sulfate. If the amount of the inorganic salt used is too small, the effect is not good; if it is used in an excessive amount, the cost is increased. Preferably, the weight ratio of the superabsorbent resin to the inorganic salt ranges from 1000:1 to 100:1.

本發明之烯類單體於進行自由基聚合反應前可加入自由基聚合反應交聯劑於反應單體溶液中,使所製得之高吸水性樹脂具有適當的交聯程度,藉此調整其機械與加工性質。該聚合反應交聯劑可選用:(1)具有兩個或兩個以上不飽和雙鍵的化合物,例如:N ,N ’-二(2-丙烯基)胺、N ,N ’-伸甲基雙丙烯醯胺(N ,N ’-methylenebisacrylamide)、N ,N ’-伸甲基雙甲基丙烯醯胺、丙烯酸丙烯酯、乙二醇二丙烯酸酯、聚乙二醇二丙烯酸酯、乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯、聚乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯、甘油三丙烯酸酯、甘油三甲基丙烯酸酯、乙氧基化甘油三丙烯酸酯或三甲基丙烯酸酯、乙氧基化三羥甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯或三甲基丙烯酸酯(ethoxylated trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate)、乙氧基化三羥甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯(ethoxylated trimethylolpropane triacrylate,ethoxylated TMPTA)、三甲醇丙烷三甲基丙烯酸酯、三甲醇丙烷三丙烯酸酯、N ,N ,N -三(2-丙烯基)胺、二丙烯酸乙二醇酯、三丙烯酸聚氧乙烯甘油酯、三丙烯酸二乙基聚氧乙烯甘油酯、二丙烯三甘醇酯等;(2)具有兩個或兩個以上環氧基的化合物,例如:丙三醇聚乙二醇三縮水甘油醚、山梨糖醇聚縮水甘油醚、聚丙三醇聚縮水甘油醚、乙二醇二縮水甘油醚、二乙二醇二縮水甘油醚、聚乙二醇二縮水甘油醚、雙丙三醇聚縮水甘油醚等。上述聚合反應交聯劑可單獨使用或混合兩種以上使用。在本發明之具體實施例中,該聚合反應交聯劑是乙氧基化三羥甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯。The ethylenic monomer of the present invention may be added with a radical polymerization crosslinking agent in the reaction monomer solution before the radical polymerization reaction, so that the obtained super absorbent resin has an appropriate degree of crosslinking, thereby adjusting its Mechanical and processing properties. The polymerization crosslinking agent may be selected from: (1) a compound having two or more unsaturated double bonds, for example: N , N '-bis(2-propenyl)amine, N , N '-methyl group N , N '-methylenebisacrylamide, N , N '-methyl dimethyl methacrylate, propylene acrylate, ethylene glycol diacrylate, polyethylene glycol diacrylate, ethylene glycol Dimethacrylate, polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate, glycerol triacrylate, glyceryl trimethacrylate, ethoxylated glycerol triacrylate or trimethacrylate, ethoxylated trishydroxyl Ethoxylated trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, ethoxylated trimethylolpropane triacrylate (ethoxylated TMPTA), trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, trimethylolpropane Triacrylate, N , N , N -tris(2-propenyl)amine, ethylene glycol diacrylate, polyoxyethylene glyceryl triacrylate, diethyl polyoxyethylene glyceryl triacrylate, dipropylene triethylene glycol Ester, etc.; (2) has two or two More than one epoxy group compound, for example, glycerol polyethylene glycol triglycidyl ether, sorbitol polyglycidyl ether, polyglycerol polyglycidyl ether, ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, diethylene glycol Diglycidyl ether, polyethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, diglycerol polyglycidyl ether, and the like. The above polymerization crosslinking agent may be used singly or in combination of two or more. In a particular embodiment of the invention, the polymerization crosslinking agent is ethoxylated trimethylolpropane triacrylate.

若該聚合反應交聯劑的使用量過少,易導致所製得之高吸水性樹脂軟且帶有黏性,不利於後續機械加工;若該聚合反應交聯劑的使用量過多,則會降低高吸水性樹脂之吸水性能。較佳地,該聚合反應交聯劑的使用量範圍為0.001~5 wt%(以反應物總固形部份為100 wt%),更佳為0.01~3 wt%。If the amount of the crosslinking agent used in the polymerization reaction is too small, the resulting highly water-absorptive resin is soft and sticky, which is disadvantageous for subsequent mechanical processing; if the polymerization crosslinking agent is used in an excessive amount, it is lowered. Water absorption properties of superabsorbent resins. Preferably, the polymerization crosslinking agent is used in an amount ranging from 0.001 to 5 wt% (100 wt% based on the total solid portion of the reactant), more preferably 0.01 to 3 wt%.

本發明之烯類單體於進行自由基聚合反應所使用的自由基起始劑可選用熱分解型起始劑,適合的熱分解型起始劑包含過氧化物,例如:過氧化氫、二第三丁基過氧化物(di-tert -butyl peroxide,DTBP)、過硫酸鹽(persulfate)等,及偶氮化合物,例如:2,2’-偶氮雙(2-脒基丙烷)二鹽酸鹽[2,2’-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride,AAPH]、2,2’-偶氮雙(2-甲基丙腈)[azobis(2-methylpropionitrile),azobisisobutyronitrile,AIBN]等;亦可使用氧化還原型起始劑,例如:亞硫酸氫鹽、硫代硫酸鹽、L-抗壞血酸(L-ascorbic acid)、亞鐵鹽等。在本發明之具體實施例中,該起始劑是L-抗壞血酸、過硫酸鈉及2,2’-偶氮雙(2-脒基丙烷)二鹽酸鹽之組合。The radical initiator of the present invention for use in the radical polymerization may be optionally a thermally decomposable initiator, and the suitable thermally decomposable initiator comprises a peroxide such as hydrogen peroxide or Di- tert -butyl peroxide (DTBP), persulfate, etc., and azo compounds such as 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane) di-salt Acid salt [2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride, AAPH], 2,2'-azobis(2-methylpropionitrile), azobisisobutyronitrile, AIBN], etc. A redox type initiator such as bisulfite, thiosulfate, L-ascorbic acid, ferrous salt or the like can be used. In a particular embodiment of the invention, the starter is a combination of L-ascorbic acid, sodium persulfate and 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride.

若該起始劑的使用量過少,則其反應速率過慢;若該起始劑的使用量過多,則不易控制反應。較佳地,該起始劑的使用量範圍為0.001~10 wt%(以經該鹼中和的含羧基的烯類單體重為100 wt%),更佳為0.01~5 wt%。If the amount of the initiator used is too small, the reaction rate is too slow; if the amount of the initiator used is too large, it is difficult to control the reaction. Preferably, the initiator is used in an amount ranging from 0.001 to 10% by weight (based on the weight of the carboxyl group-containing ethylenic monomer neutralized by the base to 100% by weight), more preferably 0.01 to 5% by weight.

本發明之烯類單體進行的聚合反應可於傳統批次反應容器、輸送帶式反應器、或具有單軸或雙軸的捏合機中進行反應。The polymerization of the ethylenic monomer of the present invention can be carried out in a conventional batch reaction vessel, a conveyor belt reactor, or a kneader having a uniaxial or biaxial.

較佳地,在本發明製法之乾燥步驟前,可先經粉碎機將該高吸水性樹脂切成體積在10 cm3 以下的樹脂粉體,再進行篩選。篩選之樹脂粉體尺寸較佳為2 cm以下,由於尺寸大於2 cm之樹脂粉體在後續進行乾燥時容易因熱傳導效果不佳,導致其殘存單體含量較高,物性表現不佳,因此會重新送回粉碎機進行切碎。此外,高吸水性樹脂粉體的顆粒大小分布越集中,不僅可使高吸水性樹脂在後續乾燥後的物性表現較佳,而且有利於控制乾燥的時間及溫度。Preferably, the superabsorbent resin may be cut into a resin powder having a volume of 10 cm 3 or less by a pulverizer before the drying step of the method of the present invention, and then subjected to screening. The size of the resin powder to be screened is preferably less than 2 cm. Since the resin powder having a size larger than 2 cm is likely to be poor in heat conduction during subsequent drying, the residual monomer content is high and the physical properties are not good, so Return to the shredder for shredding. Further, the more concentrated the particle size distribution of the superabsorbent resin powder, the better the physical properties of the superabsorbent resin after the subsequent drying, and the time and temperature for controlling the drying.

較佳地,本發明製法的乾燥溫度範圍為100~180℃。若乾燥溫度低於100℃,會使製程過於耗時;若乾燥溫度高於180℃,將使交聯劑過早進行交聯反應,使得在乾燥過程中易因交聯度過高而無法有效去除殘存單體。在本發明之具體實施例中,該乾燥溫度為130℃。Preferably, the drying temperature of the process of the present invention ranges from 100 to 180 °C. If the drying temperature is lower than 100 ° C, the process will be too time consuming; if the drying temperature is higher than 180 ° C, the crosslinking agent will crosslink prematurely, making it difficult to be effective due to excessive crosslinking in the drying process. Remove residual monomers. In a particular embodiment of the invention, the drying temperature is 130 °C.

高吸水性樹脂內部具有均勻的架橋結構,一般為了改善其品質(例如提高吸收速率、提高膠體強度、提高抗結塊性或提高液體滲透性等),會進一步在高吸水性樹脂的表面進行交聯處理,該表面交聯處理是利用具有能與樹脂鍵結的交聯劑進行反應,現有公開的處理方法例如:將高吸水性樹脂與交聯劑分散於有機溶劑中進行表面交聯處理(例如日本專利特開昭56-131608、特開昭57-44627、特開昭58-42602及特開昭58-117222)、使用無機粉末將交聯劑溶液混入高吸水性樹脂(例如日本專利特開昭60-163956及特開昭60-255814)及添加交聯劑於高吸水性樹脂後以蒸氣處理(例如日本專利特開平1-113406)等。The superabsorbent resin has a uniform bridging structure inside, and is generally further processed on the surface of the superabsorbent resin in order to improve its quality (for example, increasing the absorption rate, increasing the strength of the colloid, increasing the anti-caking property or improving the liquid permeability). In the co-processing, the surface cross-linking treatment is carried out by using a cross-linking agent capable of bonding with a resin. The conventionally disclosed treatment method is, for example, dispersing a superabsorbent resin and a cross-linking agent in an organic solvent for surface crosslinking treatment ( For example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Sho 56-131608, JP-A-57-44627, JP-A-58-42602, and JP-A-58-117222, use of an inorganic powder to mix a crosslinking agent solution into a superabsorbent resin (for example, Japanese Patent Special) Kaisho 60-163956 and JP-A-60-255814) and a crosslinking agent are added to a superabsorbent resin, followed by steam treatment (for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Hei 1-113406).

本發明所適用的交聯劑是能與該樹脂上的羧基鍵結,且能與該植物營養素鍵結連接的多官能基交聯劑。較佳地,該交聯劑是選自於多元醇水溶液、多元胺水溶液或多環氧基化合物。該多元醇可選用:丙三醇、乙二醇、二乙二醇、三乙二醇、聚乙二醇、丙二醇、1,4-丁二醇、三羥基甲基丙烷、山梨糖醇(sorbitol)等;該多元胺可選用:乙二胺、二乙二胺、三乙二胺、聚乙二胺;該多環氧基化合物可選用:山梨糖醇聚縮水甘油醚、聚丙三醇聚縮水甘油醚、乙二醇二縮水甘油醚、二乙二醇二縮水甘油醚、聚乙二醇二縮水甘油醚、雙丙三醇聚縮水甘油醚等。上述交聯劑可單獨或混合兩種以上使用。較佳地,該交聯劑是多元醇水溶液。在本發明之具體實施例中,該交聯劑是丙三醇水溶液。若該交聯劑的使用量過少,則無法有效使該營養素與該樹脂進行交聯反應;若該交聯劑的使用量過多,則會降低所製得之高吸水性樹脂的吸水效能。較佳地,該交聯劑的使用量範圍為0.001~10 wt%之間(以該樹脂粉體的重量為100 wt%),更佳為0.005~5 wt%。The crosslinking agent to which the present invention is applied is a polyfunctional crosslinking agent capable of bonding to a carboxyl group on the resin and capable of being bonded to the phytonutrient. Preferably, the crosslinking agent is selected from the group consisting of aqueous polyhydric alcohols, aqueous polyamines or polyepoxy compounds. The polyol can be selected from: glycerol, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, propylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, trimethylolpropane, sorbitol (sorbitol) And the like; the polyamine can be selected from: ethylenediamine, diethylenediamine, triethylenediamine, polyethylenediamine; the polyepoxy compound can be selected from: sorbitol polyglycidyl ether, polyglycerol polycondensation Glycerol ether, ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, diethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, polyethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, diglycerin polyglycidyl ether, and the like. The above crosslinking agents may be used singly or in combination of two or more. Preferably, the crosslinking agent is an aqueous polyol solution. In a particular embodiment of the invention, the crosslinking agent is an aqueous solution of glycerol. If the amount of the crosslinking agent used is too small, the nutrient cannot be effectively cross-linked with the resin; if the amount of the crosslinking agent used is too large, the water absorption efficiency of the obtained super absorbent resin is lowered. Preferably, the crosslinking agent is used in an amount ranging from 0.001 to 10% by weight (based on 100% by weight of the resin powder), more preferably from 0.005 to 5% by weight.

較佳地,該植物營養素是選自於促進植物發芽或根部生長的營養素。較佳地,該植物營養素包含至少一種維生素E。較佳地,該維生素E是選自於噻胺(thiamine,vitamin B1)、核黃素(riboflavin,vitamin B2)、菸鹼酸(nicotinic acid,vitamin B3)、腺嘌呤(adenine,Ade,vitamin B4)、泛酸(pantothenic acid,vitamin B5)、吡哆醇(pyridoxine,vitamin B6)、生物素(biotin,vitamin B7)或葉酸(folic acid,vitamin B9)。在本發明之具體實施例中,該植物營養素是腺嘌呤、吡哆醇或葉酸。更佳地,該植物營養素是吡哆醇。若該植物營養素使用量過少,則其效果不彰;若其使用量過多,則會增加成本。較佳地,該高吸水性樹脂與該植物營養素之重量比範圍為1000:1~10:1。Preferably, the phytonutrient is a nutrient selected from the group consisting of promoting plant germination or root growth. Preferably, the phytonutrient comprises at least one vitamin E. Preferably, the vitamin E is selected from the group consisting of thiamine (vitamin B1), riboflavin (vitamin B2), nicotinic acid (vitamin B3), adenine (adenine, Ade, vitamin B4). ), pantothenic acid (vitamin B5), pyridoxine (vitamin B6), biotin (vitamin B7) or folic acid (vitamin B9). In a particular embodiment of the invention, the phytonutrient is adenine, pyridoxine or folic acid. More preferably, the phytonutrient is pyridoxine. If the amount of the phytonutrient used is too small, the effect is not good; if it is used in an excessive amount, the cost is increased. Preferably, the weight ratio of the superabsorbent resin to the phytonutrient ranges from 1000:1 to 10:1.

本發明將就以下實施例作進一步說明,但應瞭解的是,該等實施例僅為例示說明之用,而不應被解釋為本發明實施之限制。The invention is further described in the following examples, but it should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting.

<實施例1><Example 1>

實施例1之高吸水性樹脂的製法包含以下步驟:The method for producing the super absorbent resin of Example 1 comprises the steps of:

(1) 於冰浴下將20.8 g 48 wt%氫氧化鈉水溶液緩緩加入一含有30 g丙烯酸(來源為臺灣塑膠工業股份有限公司)、3 g丙烯醯胺(購自於景明化工公司)及32.4 g去離子水的100 mL錐形瓶中以進行中和,得到一反應單體溶液;其中60 mol%的丙烯酸被中和為丙烯酸鹽。(1) Slowly add 20.8 g of 48 wt% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution to an ice bath containing 30 g of acrylic acid (sourced from Taiwan Plastics Industry Co., Ltd.), 3 g of acrylamide (purchased from Jingming Chemical Co., Ltd.) and 32.4 g of deionized water in a 100 mL Erlenmeyer flask was used for neutralization to obtain a reactive monomer solution; 60 mol% of the acrylic acid was neutralized to be an acrylate.

(2) 再加入0.046 g的乙氧基化三羥甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯(ethoxylated TMPTA)於上述反應單體溶液中並攪拌,得到一反應液,維持其溫度於約20℃。(2) Further, 0.046 g of ethoxylated TMPTA was added to the above reaction monomer solution and stirred to obtain a reaction liquid, and the temperature was maintained at about 20 °C.

(3) 加入0.016 g L-抗壞血酸、0.2 g過硫酸鈉及0.2 g 2,2’-偶氮雙(2-脒基丙烷)二鹽酸鹽於上述反應液中以起始反應,反應約1小時後得到一樹脂。(3) Add 0.016 g of L-ascorbic acid, 0.2 g of sodium persulfate and 0.2 g of 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride in the above reaction solution to initiate the reaction, and the reaction is about 1 A resin was obtained after an hour.

(4) 將上述樹脂利用切式粉碎機(購自於日喜公司,型號為200型)切成尺寸在2 mm以下的樹脂粉體。(4) The resin was cut into a resin powder having a size of 2 mm or less by a cutter mill (purchased from Rixi Co., model 200).

(5) 使上述樹脂粉體在130℃下乾燥2小時,再利用篩網篩選尺寸範圍為0.1~0.85 mm的樹脂粉體。(5) The above resin powder was dried at 130 ° C for 2 hours, and a resin powder having a size ranging from 0.1 to 0.85 mm was sieved by a sieve.

(6) 取10 g上述步驟(5)的樹脂粉體,加入0.01 g腺嘌呤(購自於南京祥兆工貿有限公司)與0.4 g丙三醇/水(重量比為1:1)的混合溶液中,以混合機混合後,再以160℃加熱30分鐘。(6) Take 10 g of the resin powder of the above step (5), and add 0.01 g of adenine (purchased from Nanjing Xiangzhao Industry and Trade Co., Ltd.) and 0.4 g of glycerol/water (weight ratio of 1:1). The mixed solution was mixed with a mixer and then heated at 160 ° C for 30 minutes.

<實施例2><Example 2>

除了將該步驟(6)之腺嘌呤改變為吡哆醇(購自於ACROS)外,實施例2的製法與實施例1相同。The preparation of Example 2 was the same as that of Example 1 except that the adenine of the step (6) was changed to pyridoxine (purchased from ACROS).

<實施例3><Example 3>

除了將該步驟(1)之氫氧化鈉水溶液的用量改變為12.2 g(其中35 mol%的丙烯酸被中和為丙烯酸鹽)及將該步驟(6)之吡哆醇的用量改變為0.1 g外,實施例3的製法與實施例1相同。Except that the amount of the aqueous sodium hydroxide solution of the step (1) was changed to 12.2 g (35 mol% of the acrylic acid was neutralized to be an acrylate) and the amount of the pyridoxine of the step (6) was changed to 0.1 g. The production method of Example 3 was the same as that of Example 1.

<實施例4><Example 4>

除了將該步驟(6)之吡哆醇的用量改變為1.0 g外,實施例4的製法與實施例3相同。The preparation method of Example 4 was the same as that of Example 3 except that the amount of pyridoxine in the step (6) was changed to 1.0 g.

<實施例5><Example 5>

除了在該步驟(1)之反應單體溶液中額外加入0.13 g磷酸二氫鉀、0.20 g磷酸二氫鈉、0.13 g硝酸鈣、0.26 g硫酸鎂、0.001 g硼酸、0.07 g硫酸鐵及0.001 g α-萘乙酸外,實施例5的製法與實施例2相同。In addition to the reaction monomer solution in the step (1), 0.13 g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.20 g of sodium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.13 g of calcium nitrate, 0.26 g of magnesium sulfate, 0.001 g of boric acid, 0.07 g of iron sulfate and 0.001 g are additionally added. The production method of Example 5 was the same as that of Example 2 except for α-naphthylacetic acid.

<實施例6><Example 6>

除了將該步驟(1)之氫氧化鈉水溶液的用量改變為12.2 g(其中35 mol%的丙烯酸被中和為丙烯酸鹽)外,實施例6的製法與實施例5相同。The procedure of Example 6 was the same as in Example 5 except that the amount of the aqueous sodium hydroxide solution of the step (1) was changed to 12.2 g (35 mol% of the acrylic acid was neutralized to be an acrylate).

<實施例7><Example 7>

除了將該步驟(6)之0.01 g腺嘌呤改變為0.5 g葉酸(購自於景明化工公司)外,實施例7的製法與實施例1相同。The preparation method of Example 7 was the same as that of Example 1 except that 0.01 g of adenine in the step (6) was changed to 0.5 g of folic acid (purchased from Jingming Chemical Co., Ltd.).

<實施例8><Example 8>

除了將該步驟(6)之0.01 g腺嘌呤改變為0.5 g噻胺(購自於景明化工公司)外,實施例8的製法與實施例1相同。The preparation of Example 8 was the same as that of Example 1 except that 0.01 g of adenine in the step (6) was changed to 0.5 g of thiamine (purchased from Jingming Chemical Co., Ltd.).

<實施例9><Example 9>

除了將該步驟(6)之0.01 g腺嘌呤改變為0.5 g核黃素(購自於景明化工公司)外,實施例9的製法與實施例1相同。The production method of Example 9 was the same as that of Example 1 except that 0.01 g of adenine in the step (6) was changed to 0.5 g of riboflavin (purchased from Jingming Chemical Co., Ltd.).

<實施例10><Example 10>

除了將該步驟(6)之0.01 g腺嘌呤改變為0.5 g菸鹼酸(購自於景明化工公司)外,實施例10的製法與實施例1相同。The preparation method of Example 10 was the same as that of Example 1 except that 0.01 g of adenine in the step (6) was changed to 0.5 g of nicotinic acid (purchased from Jingming Chemical Co., Ltd.).

<實施例11><Example 11>

除了將該步驟(6)之0.01 g腺嘌呤改變為0.5 g泛酸(購自於景明化工公司)外,實施例11的製法與實施例1相同。The production method of Example 11 was the same as that of Example 1 except that 0.01 g of adenine in the step (6) was changed to 0.5 g of pantothenic acid (purchased from Jingming Chemical Co., Ltd.).

<實施例12><Example 12>

除了將該步驟(6)之0.01 g吡哆醇改變為0.5 g生物素(購自於景明化工公司)外,實施例12的製法與實施例5相同。The preparation of Example 12 was the same as that of Example 5, except that 0.01 g of pyridoxine of the step (6) was changed to 0.5 g of biotin (purchased from Jingming Chemical Co., Ltd.).

<膠體強度測定><Measurement of colloidal strength>

本發明利用一恆溫恆溼器使高吸水性樹脂處於一高溫高濕的環境下,以模擬高吸水性樹脂於土壤環境下的分解情況。本發明對於膠體強度的測定方法如下所述:取1.000±0.001 g高吸水性樹脂緩緩加入30 mL含0.005 wt% L-抗壞血酸的0.9 wt%生理鹽水中,置於電磁攪拌機上攪拌1分鐘,待其膨脹成含水膠體後置入一恆溫恆溼器(購自於欣千祥公司,型號為AJH-80,試驗條件為90℃及70%相對溼度)中3小時,再以STEVENS膠體強度測定儀(購自於全華精密公司,型號為CNSFARNELL TA1000)測量其膠體強度(設定懸吊柱管之落下速度為1.0 mm/sec,落下距離為25 mm)。重複上述步驟,但將含水膠體放置在恆溫恆溼器中24小時,然後測量其膠體強度。The invention utilizes a constant temperature and humidity device to make the super absorbent resin in a high temperature and high humidity environment to simulate the decomposition of the super absorbent resin in the soil environment. The method for determining the strength of the colloid of the present invention is as follows: 1.000±0.001 g of the super absorbent resin is slowly added to 30 mL of 0.9 wt% physiological saline containing 0.005 wt% of L-ascorbic acid, and stirred on an electromagnetic stirrer for 1 minute. After it is expanded into a hydrocolloid, it is placed in a constant temperature and humidity device (purchased from Xinqianxiang Company, model AJH-80, test conditions are 90 ° C and 70% relative humidity) for 3 hours, and then determined by STEVENS colloid strength. The instrument (purchased from Quanhua Precision Co., model CNSFARNELL TA1000) measures its colloidal strength (sets the drop speed of the suspension column tube to 1.0 mm/sec and the drop distance to 25 mm). The above procedure was repeated, but the aqueous colloid was placed in a thermo-hygrostat for 24 hours, and then the colloidal strength was measured.

<吸水倍率測定><Water absorption ratio measurement>

本發明對於吸水倍率的測定方法如下所述:在網目為250目的尼龍製網袋中放入X g高吸水性樹脂,再將該網袋浸入去離子水中60分鐘,接著將該網袋取出至空氣中靜置15分鐘,最後測量其質量(Y g);另外將一組未裝高吸水性樹脂的網袋也浸漬於去離子水中,依照前述步驟懸空後秤重(Z g)做為空白減去,並重複3組試驗以求其平均值。根據下式可計算出網袋中之高吸水性樹脂的吸水倍率。The method for measuring the water absorption ratio of the present invention is as follows: X g superabsorbent resin is placed in a mesh bag of mesh of 250 mesh, and the bag is immersed in deionized water for 60 minutes, and then the bag is taken out to Allow to stand in the air for 15 minutes, and finally measure the mass (Y g); in addition, a set of mesh bags without superabsorbent resin is also immersed in deionized water, and the weight (Z g) is left blank after hanging according to the above steps. Subtract and repeat 3 sets of tests to find the average. The water absorption ratio of the super absorbent resin in the net bag can be calculated according to the following formula.

高吸水性樹脂的吸水倍率= Water absorption ratio of super absorbent resin =

<植物生長情形><plant growth situation>

本發明對於植物生長情形的測定方法如下所述:在100 g去離子水中加入1 g高吸水性樹脂並攪拌1分鐘,取出吸水後的高吸水性樹脂並放入10顆植物種子(蘿蔔種子、綠豆及甘藍種子,購自於農友種苗公司),於照度為2000 lux及25℃的室內培植2天,記錄植物種子發芽數目。重複上述步驟,但將10顆植物種子放置在吸水後的高吸水性樹脂中培植7天,然後測量其苗根部長度的平均值。The method for measuring plant growth in the present invention is as follows: 1 g of a highly water-absorbent resin is added to 100 g of deionized water and stirred for 1 minute, and the water-absorbent superabsorbent resin is taken out and placed into 10 plant seeds (radish seeds, Mung bean and cabbage seeds were purchased from the farmers' seedlings company. The plants were incubated at 2000 lux and 25 °C for 2 days, and the number of plant seeds was recorded. The above procedure was repeated, but 10 plant seeds were placed in the water-absorbent superabsorbent resin for 7 days, and then the average value of the shoot root length was measured.

將上述實施例1~12所製得的高吸水性樹脂分別進行如上述之膠體強度測定、吸水倍率測定及植物生長情形測定,其主要組分、中和比率及測定結果如下表1所示。The superabsorbent resins obtained in the above Examples 1 to 12 were each subjected to the above-mentioned measurement of colloidal strength, water absorption ratio measurement, and plant growth, and the main components, the neutralization ratio, and the measurement results are shown in Table 1 below.

<比較例1><Comparative Example 1>

除了不加入腺嘌呤外,比較例1的製法與實施例1相同。Comparative Example 1 was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that adenine was not added.

<比較例2><Comparative Example 2>

除了不加入腺嘌呤外,比較例2的製法與實施例2相同。Comparative Example 2 was prepared in the same manner as in Example 2 except that adenine was not added.

<比較例3><Comparative Example 3>

除了將該步驟(1)之氫氧化鈉水溶液的用量改變為24.3 g(其中70 mol%的丙烯酸被中和為丙烯酸鹽)外,比較例3的製法與比較例1相同。Comparative Example 3 was prepared in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1, except that the amount of the aqueous sodium hydroxide solution of the step (1) was changed to 24.3 g (where 70 mol% of acrylic acid was neutralized to be an acrylate).

<比較例4><Comparative Example 4>

除了將該步驟(1)之氫氧化鈉水溶液的用量改變為6.9 g(其中20 mol%的丙烯酸被中和為丙烯酸鹽)外,比較例4的製法與比較例1相同。Comparative Example 4 was prepared in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1, except that the amount of the aqueous sodium hydroxide solution of the step (1) was changed to 6.9 g (wherein 20 mol% of acrylic acid was neutralized to be an acrylate).

<比較例5><Comparative Example 5>

比較例5之高吸水性樹脂的製法是依據中國專利CN 101948695A中實施例一的方法:將1 kg羧甲基澱粉、200 ppm萘乙酸(NAA)、200 ppm吲哚乙酸(IAA)、500 ppm噻胺、300 ppm菸鹼酸、10 ppm腺嘌呤磷酸鹽、1 g氮肥、1 g磷肥及1 g鉀肥混合均勻,得到比較例5之高吸水性樹脂。The superabsorbent resin of Comparative Example 5 was prepared according to the method of Example 1 of Chinese Patent No. CN 101948695 A: 1 kg of carboxymethyl starch, 200 ppm of naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), 200 ppm of acetic acid (IAA), 500 ppm. Thiamine, 300 ppm of nicotinic acid, 10 ppm of adenine phosphate, 1 g of nitrogen fertilizer, 1 g of phosphate fertilizer, and 1 g of potassium fertilizer were uniformly mixed to obtain a super absorbent resin of Comparative Example 5.

將上述比較例1~5所製得的高吸水性樹脂分別進行如上述之膠體強度測定、吸水倍率測定及植物生長情形測定,其中和比率及測定結果如下表2所示。The superabsorbent resins obtained in the above Comparative Examples 1 to 5 were each subjected to the above-described measurement of colloidal strength, water absorption ratio measurement, and plant growth, and the ratios and measurement results are shown in Table 2 below.

由表1與表2的結果可以發現:From the results of Table 1 and Table 2, we can find:

(1)膠體強度:實施例1~12之高吸水性樹脂在高溫高溼的環境下經過3小時後的膠體強度皆在200g以上,經過24小時後的膠體強度皆在169g以上,顯示本發明製得之高吸水性樹脂在高溫高溼的土壤環境下不易分解,可維持1天以上,推測是由於在其製造過程中添加交聯劑並進行表面交聯而導致膠體強度增強;相較而言,比較例5之高吸水性樹脂在其製造過程中是使用羧甲基澱粉做為主要原料,且無添加交聯劑,因此其在高溫高溼的環境下經過3小時後的膠體強度即下 降至80g,經過24小時後的膠體強度更下降至30g,其分解速率過快而不能長時間供給水分,且其吸水倍率明顯較低。(1) Colloidal strength: The colloidal strength of the superabsorbent resin of Examples 1 to 12 was more than 200 g after 3 hours in a high-temperature and high-humidity environment, and the colloidal strength after 24 hours was all 169 g or more, showing the present invention. The obtained highly water-absorptive resin is not easily decomposed in a high-temperature and high-humidity soil environment and can be maintained for more than one day, presumably due to the addition of a crosslinking agent and surface crosslinking in the manufacturing process thereof, resulting in an increase in colloidal strength; In other words, the superabsorbent resin of Comparative Example 5 uses carboxymethyl starch as a main raw material in the production process thereof, and has no added crosslinking agent, so that the colloidal strength after 3 hours in a high-temperature and high-humidity environment is under When it is reduced to 80g, the colloidal strength after 24 hours is further reduced to 30g, the decomposition rate is too fast to supply water for a long time, and the water absorption ratio is remarkably low.

(2)植物生長情形:在分別經過2天及7天培育後,置於實施例1~12之高吸水性樹脂的①蘿蔔種子,其發芽數目及苗根的生長長度分別在7顆及7.7cm以上;②綠豆,其發芽數目及苗根的生長長度分別在6顆及6.4cm以上;③甘藍種子,其發芽數目及苗根的生長長度分別在5顆及4.7cm以上,顯示本發明製得之高吸水性樹脂可促進植物發芽及根部生長,推測是由於在其製造過程中添加植物營養素所導致。值得一提的是,在實施例6(中和比率為35mol%)之高吸水性樹脂製造過程中添加無機鹽,能更加增進植物生長。相較而言,置於比較例1~5之高吸水性樹脂的①蘿蔔種子,其發芽數目及苗根的生長長度分別在6顆及4.8cm以下;②綠豆,其發芽數目及苗根的生長長度分別在5顆及4.1cm以下;③甘藍種子,其發芽數目及苗根的生長長度分別在5顆及4.7cm以下,顯示該等高吸水性樹脂較不具促進植物發芽及生長的效用。值得一提的是,比較例3及4之高吸水性樹脂的中和比率分別為70mol%及20mol%,對植物發芽及生長造成明顯的負面效應;比較例5之高吸水性樹脂在其製造過程中是使用羧甲基澱粉做為主要原料,且無添加交聯劑,無法維持高吸水性樹脂的膠體強度,故無法長時間供給植物發芽及生長所需的水分。(2) Plant growth conditions: After cultivating for 2 days and 7 days, respectively, the radish seeds of the super absorbent resin of Examples 1 to 12 were germinated and the growth length of the roots were 7 and 7.7, respectively. More than cm; 2 mung beans, the number of germination and the growth length of the roots are 6 and 6.4 cm respectively; 3 cabbage seeds, the number of germination and the growth length of the roots are 5 and 4.7 cm respectively, indicating the invention The highly water-absorptive resin can promote plant germination and root growth, presumably due to the addition of phytonutrients during its manufacture. It is worth mentioning that the addition of an inorganic salt in the production process of the superabsorbent resin of Example 6 (the neutralization ratio is 35 mol%) can further enhance plant growth. In comparison, the number of germination and the growth length of the seedling root of the radish seed of the super absorbent resin of Comparative Examples 1 to 5 were 6 and 4.8 cm, respectively; 2 the number of peas, the number of germination and the root of the seedling The growth lengths were 5 and 4.1 cm respectively; the number of germination and the growth length of the seedling roots of 3 cabbage seeds were 5 and 4.7 cm, respectively, indicating that these superabsorbent resins have less effect on promoting plant germination and growth. It is worth mentioning that the neutralization ratios of the superabsorbent resins of Comparative Examples 3 and 4 are 70 mol% and 20 mol%, respectively, which have a significant negative effect on plant germination and growth; the superabsorbent resin of Comparative Example 5 is manufactured therein. In the process, carboxymethyl starch is used as a main raw material, and no colloidal agent is added, and the colloidal strength of the superabsorbent resin cannot be maintained, so that the water required for germination and growth of the plant cannot be supplied for a long period of time.

綜上所述,本發明高吸水性樹脂的製法能有效提升其所製得之高吸水性樹脂的耐用性,且其所製得之高吸水性樹脂可促進種子發芽及植物根部生長。In summary, the method for preparing the superabsorbent resin of the present invention can effectively improve the durability of the superabsorbent resin obtained therefrom, and the highly water-absorbent resin obtained by the invention can promote seed germination and plant root growth.

惟以上所述者,僅為本發明之較佳實施例與具體例而已,當不能以此限定本發明實施之範圍,即大凡依本發明申請專利範圍及發明說明內容所作之簡單的等效變化與修飾,皆仍屬本發明專利涵蓋之範圍內。The above is only the preferred embodiment and the specific examples of the present invention, and the scope of the invention is not limited thereto, that is, the simple equivalent change according to the scope of the invention and the description of the invention. And modifications are still within the scope of the invention patent.

Claims (7)

一種高吸水性樹脂的製法,包含:使一不飽和單體組分進行聚合反應,並乾燥得到一樹脂;及將該樹脂、一植物營養素與一交聯劑混合並進行表面交聯,使該植物營養素與該樹脂透過一化學鍵結連接;其中,該不飽和單體組分包含一經鹼部分中和之含羧基的烯類單體,且經該鹼中和的含羧基的烯類單體佔該含羧基的烯類單體的30~65mol%;該交聯劑是丙三醇水溶液。 A superabsorbent resin comprising: polymerizing an unsaturated monomer component and drying to obtain a resin; and mixing the resin, a phytonutrient with a crosslinking agent, and surface crosslinking, The phytonutrients are linked to the resin through a chemical bond; wherein the unsaturated monomer component comprises a carboxyl group-containing ethylenic monomer neutralized by a base, and the carboxyl group-containing ethylenic monomer neutralized by the base accounts for 30 to 65 mol% of the carboxyl group-containing ethylenic monomer; the crosslinking agent is an aqueous solution of glycerin. 根據申請專利範圍第1項所述之高吸水性樹脂的製法,其中,該植物營養素包含至少一種維生素B。 The method for producing a super absorbent resin according to claim 1, wherein the phytonutrient comprises at least one vitamin B. 根據申請專利範圍第2項所述之高吸水性樹脂的製法,其中,該維生素B是選自於噻胺、核黃素、菸鹼酸、腺嘌呤、泛酸、吡哆醇、生物素或葉酸。 The method for producing a super absorbent resin according to claim 2, wherein the vitamin B is selected from the group consisting of thiamine, riboflavin, nicotinic acid, adenine, pantothenic acid, pyridoxine, biotin or folic acid. . 根據申請專利範圍第3項所述之高吸水性樹脂的製法,其中,該維生素B是選自於腺嘌呤、吡哆醇或葉酸。 The method for producing a super absorbent resin according to claim 3, wherein the vitamin B is selected from the group consisting of adenine, pyridoxine or folic acid. 根據申請專利範圍第3項所述之高吸水性樹脂的製法,其中,該維生素B是吡哆醇。 The method for producing a super absorbent resin according to claim 3, wherein the vitamin B is pyridoxine. 根據申請專利範圍第1項所述之高吸水性樹脂的製法,其中,該樹脂與該植物營養素之重量比範圍為1000:1~10:1。 The method for producing a super absorbent resin according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the resin to the phytonutrient is in the range of 1000:1 to 10:1. 根據申請專利範圍第1項所述之高吸水性樹脂的製法,其中,該不飽和單體組分還包含一無機鹽。 The method for producing a super absorbent resin according to claim 1, wherein the unsaturated monomer component further comprises an inorganic salt.
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