TWI427326B - Lenticular lens having a curved shape - Google Patents

Description

Curved cylindrical lens grating

The invention relates to a curved cylindrical lens grating which is used in the naked-eye 3D display technology, in particular to a curved cylindrical lens grating which reduces the Moire fringe phenomenon.

Showing the 3D world in real life has always been the dream that mankind has been pursuing for many years. Until the 3D stereo technology broke through the limitations of the plane, it finally made the dream a reality. At present, the most common way to make a picture reach a 3D stereoscopic image is to use a display with a grating. The original picture presented by the display, after the refraction of the grating, will cause the object in the picture to exhibit parallax in the eyes of the person. This parallax is to use the distance between the eyes of the person to make the view through the left eye and the right eye. The difference is a three-dimensional picture after being synthesized by the brain.

At present, 3D display technology is mainly divided into glasses and naked eyes. The gratings used in the naked-view 3D display are mostly curved cylindrical lens gratings and slit gratings, and the curved cylindrical lens gratings are the most common. However, because the pixel structure of the grating and the display are arranged in a regular matrix, the black mask width between the pixel and the pixel causes the 3D image to produce a moiré phenomenon when observed. As a result of the optical simulation, the width of the moiré pattern is apparent from Fig. 1A. The larger the width, the worse the quality of the display, and the technique for improving the width of the moiré has also been introduced.

US Patent No. 6,118,584 discloses a stereoscopic display device for improving moiré black lines, which mainly changes the shape and configuration of the liquid crystal pixel structure, so that the matrix of the liquid crystal pixel structure is staggered to reduce the width of the moiré black line, but This improvement will change to the liquid crystal pixel structure of the display device, which is theoretically feasible and practically difficult to operate.

Another improved stereoscopic display device for moiré is disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 6,064,424. By changing the arrangement of the curved cylindrical lens grating, it is angled with the pixel structure to reduce the width of the moiré, but the improvement of the angle causes the cross-talk problem. As can be seen from FIG. 1B, the image of a certain area in the display seriously affects the brightness of the adjacent area, and the alignment tolerance between the grating and the pixel structure is small, and the actual operation is still difficult.

In view of this, how to develop and improve the above-mentioned shortcomings, and reduce the pixel structure of the display under the width of the moiré, and avoid the alignment of the display and the grating, thereby reducing the manufacturing difficulty. The relevant industry needs to work hard to develop goals.

In order to solve the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a curved cylindrical lens grating comprising a transparent substrate disposed opposite to a liquid crystal module, the liquid crystal module having a plurality of pixels, the transparent substrate having a bottom and an upper surface, the foregoing The upper surface is formed with a plurality of lenticular lenses connected to each other, and the plurality of lenticular lens lenses are arranged in the first direction and extend in the second direction and reciprocally twisted in the first direction, and the illuminating surface of each of the lenticular lenses has a smaller diameter One-half of the circumference of the curved surface, the maximum offset of the distortion is greater than 0, but not greater than 1.2w, the aforementioned w is the width of the black mask between the two pixels relative to the liquid crystal module in the second direction. .

Therefore, the main object of the present invention is to provide a curved cylindrical lens grating which transmits a twisted cylindrical lens and controls the distortion to have a maximum offset of d, d greater than 0, but not greater than 1.2 w, which can effectively reduce The width of the black pattern.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a curved cylindrical lens grating which, when combined with a display as a 3D display, does not need to adjust the relative angle of the curved cylindrical lens grating to the display due to the distortion of the cylindrical lens through the lens. A large tolerance is obtained when the alignment is assembled.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a 3D display including a curved cylindrical lens grating, which uses a technique of twisting a cylindrical lens without changing the shape and configuration of the pixel structure of the display. Effectively reduce the 3D picture of the moiré width.

Since the present invention discloses a curved cylindrical lens grating, the principle of the curved cylindrical lens grating used therein is well known to those skilled in the relevant art, and therefore will not be fully described in the following description. . At the same time, the drawings in the following texts express the structural schematics related to the features of the present invention, and do not need to be completely drawn according to the actual size, which is described first.

2A is a schematic end view of a 3D display of the first preferred embodiment. The 3D display includes a curved cylindrical lens grating 10, a liquid crystal module 20, and a backlight module 30. 2A, the curved cylindrical lens grating 10 includes a transparent substrate 16 having a bottom portion 11 and an upper surface 12 formed on the bottom portion 11, and the curved cylindrical lens grating 10 is directed toward the liquid crystal with the bottom portion 11 Module 20.

2B is a front perspective view of the 3D display, which is seen from the curved cylindrical lens grating 10 toward the liquid crystal module 20, and it can be seen that the liquid crystal module 20 has a plurality of pixels (Pixel) 21 series in a matrix. In the arrangement, the width of the black mask formed between the two pixels 21 of the liquid crystal module 20 is w, and the offset of the curved cylindrical lens grating 10 is d.

2C is a schematic view of the end face of the 3D display of the second preferred embodiment. The difference between FIG. 2C and FIG. 2A is that the curved cylindrical lens grating 10 faces the liquid crystal module 20 from the upper surface 12 .

Referring to FIG. 3A again, a perspective view of the curved cylindrical lens grating 10 is shown. The curved cylindrical lens grating 10 is formed with a plurality of interconnected lenticular lenses 13 on the upper surface 12. Please refer to FIG. 3B for a top view of the curved cylindrical lens grating 10. First, the direction is defined: the first direction is A, the second direction is B, the first and second directions A and B are not parallel to each other, and the second direction B is perpendicular to the first direction A. The lenticular lenses 13 are regularly arranged along the first direction A, and each of the lenticular lenses 13 extends in the second direction B, and all of the lenticular lenses 13 are simultaneously reciprocally twisted in the first direction A with the same offset d And the distortion is smooth and curved. This embodiment is twisted in the form of a sine wave, and the wavelength and amplitude of the sine wave are the same. It can also be distorted in the form of a square wave or a triangular wave (not shown).

The distorted offset d affects the width of the moiré, and if the offset d is too small, it is impossible to eliminate the moiré, or the offset d is too large, which will cause serious cross talk. Affecting the 3D display effect, in a preferred embodiment, please refer to FIG. 2B and FIG. 3B simultaneously, the maximum offset d of the distortion is greater than 0, but not greater than 1.2w, and more specifically, w is the second direction B. The black mask width between the upper two pixels 21 of the upper liquid crystal module 20 is opposite.

Please refer to FIG. 3C for a front view of the curved cylindrical lens grating 10. Each of the lenticular lenses 13 has a curved surface 131, and the curved surface 131 may be a spherical surface or an aspherical surface. The curved surface 131 is circled by a circle. Preferably, the illuminating surface of the cylindrical lens 13 has an arc. The surface 131 is shaped and the curved surface 131 is less than one-half of the circumference O.

By directing the bottom 11 or the upper surface 12 of the curved cylindrical lens grating 10 toward the liquid crystal module 20, the 2D image can be converted into a 3D image by the lenticular lens 13 of the curved cylindrical lens grating 10. Thus, the shape and arrangement of the pixel structure of the liquid crystal module 20 will not be changed.

The following is a description of two other distortion states of the curved cylindrical lens grating 10:

Please refer to FIG. 4A for a perspective view of another curved cylindrical lens grating 10. The curved cylindrical lens grating 10 includes a transparent substrate 16, and the transparent substrate 16 also includes a bottom portion 11, an upper surface 12, and a lenticular lens 13.

Please refer to FIG. 4B for a top view of another curved cylindrical lens grating 10. First, the first direction is defined as A, and the second direction is B. The first and second directions A and B are not parallel to each other, and the second direction B is perpendicular to the first direction A. The second preferred embodiment differs from the first preferred embodiment in the form of a twist. In the present embodiment, each of the lenticular lenses 13 is twisted in the form of a plurality of sinusoidal waves, and the wavelengths of the respective sinusoidal waves are different, but the amplitudes are the same. Distinguishing the lenticular lens 13 into 13' and 13" clearly shows that the wavelengths of the respective sine waves are different from each other. Alternatively, the distortion can be performed in the form of a square wave or a triangular wave (not shown).

Please refer to FIG. 5A for a perspective view of still another curved cylindrical lens grating 10. The curved cylindrical lens grating 10 includes a transparent substrate 16, and the transparent substrate 16 also includes a bottom portion 11, an upper surface 12, and a lenticular lens 13.

Please refer to FIG. 5B for a top view of still another curved cylindrical lens grating 10. First, the first direction is defined as A, and the second direction is B. The first and second directions A and B are not parallel to each other, and the second direction B is perpendicular to the first direction A. The third preferred embodiment differs from the first preferred embodiment in the definition of the offset d. In the starting direction C, the curved cylindrical lens grating 10 is divided into a front segment, a middle segment and a rear segment from top to bottom, and the curved cylindrical lens grating 10 has different eccentric lenses 13 in the front segment. The displacement d is reciprocatingly twisted in the first direction A, but each of the lenticular lenses 13 has the same maximum offset d, and the mutually adjacent lenticular lenses 13 in the middle to the rear of the curved cylindrical lens grating 10 are changed to be the same. The distortion d is reciprocated in the first direction A. It is apparent that the front lenticular lenses 13 are further divided into 13' and 13". It is apparent that the offset amounts d are different from each other, and simply, the distortion of the lenticular lenses 13' and 13" has a phase difference. Further, the middle-to-back lenticular lens 13 is divided into 13' and 13". It can be clearly seen that the offsets d are identical to each other, and simply, the distortion of the lenticular lenses 13' and 13" does not have a phase difference.

The curved cylindrical lens grating 10 of the present invention can be applied to two-view and multi-view. When applied to a dual viewing angle, it can be seen from Fig. 6A comparing Fig. 1A that the width of the moiré has been reduced. When applied to multiple viewing angles, comparing FIG. 1B from FIG. 6B, it can be seen that the crosstalk phenomenon of each viewing angle is lower than that of the conventionally changing cylindrical lens grating and pixel structure. In Figs. 6A and 6B, the horizontal axis represents the position (in mm) of each of the lenticular lenses 13 of the curved cylindrical lens grating 10, and the vertical axis represents the illuminance distribution of the curved cylindrical lens grating 10 at the observation position (unit: lux ).

It should also be noted that the lenticular lens can be designed to be irregularly shaped (not illustrated). And the amplitude of each sine wave can be designed to have different amplitudes (not shown).

The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the patent application rights of the present invention. The above description should be understood and implemented by those skilled in the art, so that the other embodiments are not deviated from the present invention. Equivalent changes or modifications made in the spirit of the disclosure should be included in the scope of the patent application.

10‧‧‧Curved cylindrical lens grating

16‧‧‧Transparent substrate

11‧‧‧ bottom

12‧‧‧ upper surface

13‧‧‧ lenticular lens

131‧‧‧ curved surface

A‧‧‧First direction

B‧‧‧second direction

O‧‧‧Circle

C‧‧‧ starting direction

D‧‧‧ offset

w‧‧‧Black mask width

20‧‧‧LCD Module

21‧‧ ‧ pixels

30‧‧‧Backlight module

FIG. 1A is a verification diagram of a moiré black pattern of the prior art.

FIG. 1B is a cross-talk phenomenon verification diagram of the prior art.

2A is a schematic diagram of an end face of a 3D display according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 2B is a front perspective view of a 3D display in accordance with the present invention.

2C is a schematic view of an end face of a 3D display according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention.

3A is a perspective view of a curved cylindrical lens grating according to the present invention.

3B is a perspective view of a curved cylindrical lens grating according to the present invention.

Figure 3C is a front elevational view of a curved cylindrical lens grating in accordance with the present invention.

4A is a perspective view of another curved cylindrical lens grating according to the present invention.

4B is a top plan view of another curved cylindrical lens grating proposed in accordance with the present invention.

FIG. 5A is a perspective view of still another curved cylindrical lens grating according to the present invention.

Figure 5B is a top plan view of yet another curved cylindrical lens grating in accordance with the present invention.

Figure 6A is a moiré pattern of a curved cylindrical lens grating proposed in accordance with the present invention.

Figure 6B is a cross-sectional phenomenon verification diagram of a curved cylindrical lens grating proposed in accordance with the present invention.

10‧‧‧Curved cylindrical lens grating

20‧‧‧LCD Module

21‧‧ ‧ pixels

w‧‧‧Black mask width

Claims (10)

A curved cylindrical lens grating includes a transparent substrate (16) disposed opposite to a liquid crystal module (20) having a plurality of pixels (21), the transparent substrate (16) having a bottom portion (11) and an upper surface (12), the upper surface (12) being formed with a plurality of lenticular lenses (13) interconnected, the plurality of lenticular lenses (13) being first along In the direction (A), the light-emitting surface of each of the lenticular lenses (13) has an arcuate surface (131) smaller than one-half of a circumference (O), and the plurality of lenticular lenses (13) are along the second direction (B) Extending, and reciprocating in the first direction (A), the second direction (B) is not parallel to the first direction (A), and the maximum offset (d) of the distortion is greater than 0, but not greater than 1.2w, where w is the black mask width between the two pixels (21) relative to the liquid crystal module (20) in the second direction (B). The curved cylindrical lens grating according to claim 1, wherein the bottom (11) or the upper surface (12) of the transparent substrate (16) faces the liquid crystal module (20). A curved cylindrical lens grating according to the first aspect of the patent application, wherein the distortion is a smooth curved shape. A curved cylindrical lens grating according to the first aspect of the patent application, wherein the distortion is an irregular distortion or a regular distortion. A curved cylindrical lens grating according to the first aspect of the patent application, wherein the distortion is a sine wave. A curved cylindrical lens grating according to claim 5, wherein the distortion comprises a plurality of sinusoidal forms, and the wavelengths of the respective sine wave forms are different. A curved cylindrical lens grating according to claim 5, wherein the amplitudes of the respective sine wave forms are the same or different. The curved cylindrical lens grating according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of lenticular lenses (13) are simultaneously reciprocally twisted in the first direction (A) by the same offset (d). The curved cylindrical lens grating according to claim 1, wherein each of the mutually adjacent lenticular lenses (13) is twisted reciprocally along the first direction (A) by a different offset (d), but The plurality of lenticular lenses (13) have the same maximum offset (d). A curved cylindrical lens grating according to claim 1, wherein the second direction (B) is perpendicular to the first direction (A).